Algeria

Transcrição

Algeria

Algeria
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Additional copies of Doing Business 2011: Making a Difference for Entrepreneurs, Doing Business 2010:
Reforming through Difficult Times, Doing Business 2009, Doing Business 2008, Doing Business 2007: How to
Reform, Doing Business in 2006: Creating Jobs, Doing Business in 2005: Removing Obstacles to Growth and
Doing Business in 2004:Understanding Regulations may be purchased at www.doingbusiness.org.
ISBN: 978-0-8213-7960-8
E-ISBN: 978-0-8213-8630-9
DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-7960-8
ISSN: 1729-2638
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data has been applied for.
Printed in the United States
Current features
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Contents
Introduction
and Aggregate Rankings
http://www.doingbusiness.org/reforms/
Historical data
Customized data sets since DB2004
5 - Year Measure of
Cumulative Change
http://www.doingbusiness.org/custom-query/
Starting a Business
Methodology and research
The methodologies and research papers underlying Doing Business
Dealing with
Construction Permits
http://www.doingbusiness.org/Methodology/
Registering Property
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Doing Business 2011 : Making a Difference for Entrepreneurs is the eighth in a series of annual reports investigating
regulations that enhance business activity and those that constrain it. Doing Business presents quantitative indicators
on business regulations and the protection of property rights that can be compared across 183 economies, from
Afghanistan to Zimbabwe, over time.
A set of regulations affecting 9 stages of a business’s life are measured: starting a business, dealing with construction
permits, registering property, getting credit, protecting investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing
contracts and closing a business. Data in Doing Business 2011 are current as of June 1, 2010*. The indicators are used
to analyze economic outcomes and identify what reforms have worked, where, and why.
The Doing Business methodology has limitations. Other areas important to business such as an economy ’s proximity
to large markets, the quality of its infrastructure services (other than those related to trading across borders), the
security of property from theft and looting, the transparency of government procurement, macroeconomic conditions
or the underlying strength of institutions, are not studied directly by Doing Business. To make the data comparable
across economies, the indicators refer to a specific type of business, generally a local limited liability company
operating in the largest business city. Because standard assumptions are used in the data collection, comparisons and
benchmarks are valid across economies. The data not only highlight the extent of obstacles to doing business; they
also help identify the source of those obstacles, supporting policymakers in designing reform.
The data set covers 183 economies: 46 in Sub-Saharan Africa, 32 in Latin America and the Caribbean, 25 in Eastern
Europe and Central Asia, 24 in East Asia and Pacific, 18 in the Middle East and North Africa and 8 in South Asia, as
well as 30 OECD high-income economies.
The following pages present the summary Doing Business indicators for Algeria. The data used for this economy
profile come from the Doing Business database and are summarized in graphs. These graphs allow a comparison of
the economies in each region not only with one another but also with the “good practice” economy for each indicator.
The good-practice economies are identified by their position in each indicator as well as their overall ranking and by
their capacity to provide good examples of business regulation to other countries. These good -practice economies do
not necessarily rank number 1 in the topic or indicator, but they are in the top 10.
More information is available in the full report. Doing Business
2011 : Making a Difference for Entrepreneurs
presents the indicators, analyzes their relationship with economic outcomes and recommends reforms. The data, along
with information on ordering the report, are available on the Doing Business website (www.doingbusiness.org).
* Except for the Paying Taxes indicator that refers to the period January to December of 2009.
Note: 2008-2010 Doing Business data and rankings have been recalculated to reflect changes to the methodology
and the addition of new economies (in the case of the rankings).
1
Economy Rankings - Ease of Doing Business
Algeria is ranked 136 out of 183 economies. Singapore is the top ranked economy in the Ease of Doing Business.
Algeria - Compared to global good practice economy as well as selected economies:
Algeria's ranking in Doing Business 2011
Rank
Doing Business 2011
Ease of Doing Business
136
Starting a Business
150
Dealing with Construction Permits
113
165
Getting Credit
138
74
Paying Taxes
168
124
Enforcing Contracts
127
Closing a Business
51
2
Summary of Indicators - Algeria
Starting a Business
Dealing with Construction Permits
Getting Credit
Paying Taxes
Procedures (number)
14
Time (days)
24
Cost (% of income per capita)
12.9
Min. capital (% of income per capita)
34.4
Procedures (number)
22
Time (days)
240
44.0
Procedures (number)
11
Time (days)
47
Cost (% of property value)
7.1
Strength of legal rights index (0-10)
3
Depth of credit information index (0-6)
2
Public registry coverage (% of adults)
0.2
Private bureau coverage (% of adults)
0.0
Extent of disclosure index (0-10)
6
Extent of director liability index (0-10)
6
Ease of shareholder suits index (0-10)
4
Strength of investor protection index (0-10)
5.3
Payments (number per year)
34
Time (hours per year)
451
Profit tax (%)
6.6
Labor tax and contributions (%)
29.7
Other taxes (%)
35.7
Total tax rate (% profit)
72.0
Documents to export (number)
Time to export (days)
Cost to export (US$ per container)
Documents to import (number)
Time to import (days)
Cost to import (US$ per container)
8
17
1248
9
23
1428
3
Enforcing Contracts
Closing a Business
Procedures (number)
46
Time (days)
630
Cost (% of claim)
21.9
Recovery rate (cents on the dollar)
41.7
Time (years)
Cost (% of estate)
2.5
7
The 5 year measure of cumulative change illustrates how the business regulatory environment has changed in 174 economies
from Doing Business 2006 to Doing Business 2011. Instead of highlighting which countries currently have the most business
friendly environment, this new approach shows the extent to which an economy’s regulatory environment for business has
changed compared with 5 years ago.
This snapshot reflects all cumulative changes in an economy’s business regulation as measured by the Doing Business
indicators-such as a reduction in the time to start a business thanks to a one-stop shop or an increase in the strength of
investor protection index thanks to new stock exchange rules that tighten disclosure requirements for related -party
transactions.
This figure shows the distribution of cumulative change across the 9 indicators and time between Doing Business 2006 and
Doing Business 2011
0.22
0.20
0.18
Doing
business has
become
easier (DB
change
score)
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
Egypt,
Arab Rep.
France
Tunisia
Mauritania
Morocco
Algeria
Spain
6
1. Benchmarking Starting a Business Regulations:
Algeria is ranked 150 overall for Starting a Business.
Ranking of Algeria in Starting a Business - Compared to good practice and selected economies:
7
The following table shows Starting a Business data for Algeria compared to good practice and comparator economies:
Good Practice
Economies
Procedures
(number)
Time (days)
Cost (% of
income per
capita)
Min. capital
(% of income
per capita)
0.0
Denmark*
1
New Zealand*
1
0.0
Selected Economy
Algeria
14
24
12.9
34.4
Comparator Economies
Egypt, Arab Rep.
6
7
6.3
0.0
France
5
7
0.9
0.0
Mauritania
9
19
33.6
412.1
Morocco
6
12
15.8
11.2
Spain
10
47
15.1
13.5
Tunisia
10
11
5.0
0.0
* The following economies are also good practice economies for :
Procedures (number): Canada
Cost (% of income per capita): Slovenia
8
2. Historical data: Starting a Business in Algeria
Starting a Business data
Doing Business
2008
Doing Business
2009
Doing Business
2010
Doing Business
2011
Rank
..
..
147
150
Procedures (number)
14
14
14
14
Time (days)
24
24
24
24
13.2
10.8
12.1
12.9
Min. capital (% of income per capita)
45.2
36.6
31.0
34.4
3. The following graphs illustrate the Starting a Business sub indicators in Algeria over the past 4 years:
9
Starting a Business Summary - Algeria
This table summarizes the procedures and costs associated with setting up a business in Algeria.
STANDARDIZED COMPANY
Legal Form: Société à Responsabilité Limitée (SARL) Limited Liability Company
City: Algiers
Registration Requirements:
No:
Procedure
Time to complete
Cost to complete
1
Obtain an attestation on the uniqueness of selected company name
from the Centre National du Registre du Commerce (CNRC); pick up
registration forms
1
DA 490
2
Deposit the start-up capital with the notary public
1
no charge
3
Draw up and notarize the company constitution documents, submit
specimen of managers’ signatures, and prepare and submit the lease
for the registered office of the company
7
see comment
4
Obtain the criminal record and birth certificate of manager
2
DA 30
5
Publish the company constitution on the legal journal (B.O.A.L.) and
a nationally circulated newspaper
3
DA 1960
6 * File for company registration with the commercial registry within two
months of the formation of the company
2
DA 9760
7
1
DA 4000
Pay for the stamp duty and obtain a receipt
10
8
Register for income tax (Impôt sur le revenu global des personnes
physiques, IRG), corporate tax (Impôt sur les bénéfices des personnes
morales ou des sociétés, IBS), and VAT with the local tax inspectorate
2
no charge
9
Register for the Caisse Nationale des Assurances Sociales des
Travailleurs Salariés (CNAS)
1
no charge
10
Open the company’s bank account with a commercial bank
1
no charge
11
Register for the Caisse Nationale de Sécurité Sociale des Non Salariés
(CASNOS)
1
no charge
12
Register with the Unemployment Insurance Fund (CNAC)
1
no charge
13
Make a company seal
2
DA 800
14
Have company’s accounting books stamped at the court
1
DA 6000
* Takes place simultaneously with another procedure.
11
Starting a Business Details - Algeria
Procedure
1
Obtain an attestation on the uniqueness of selected company name from the Centre
National du Registre du Commerce (CNRC); pick up registration forms
Time to complete:
1
Cost to complete:
DA 490
Comment:
Fees for attestation of company name:
- Name search: DZD 480.
- Fiscal stamp: DZD 10.
The applicant must fill out a form, listing the four proposed company names, and pay a fee. The
Commercial Registry (Centre National du Registre du Commerce, CNRC) conducts a name search
and issues a name certificate on the same day.
Procedure
2
Deposit the start-up capital with the notary public
Time to complete:
1
Cost to complete:
no charge
Comment:
The notary deposits the capital in a bank and obtains a deposit certificate before drawing up the
statutes.
Procedure
3
Draw up and notarize the company constitution documents, submit specimen of
managers’ signatures, and prepare and submit the lease for the registered office of the
company
Time to complete:
7
Cost to complete:
see comment
Comment:
According to Executive Decree n° 08-243 fees are:
-5% if the company capital is between DZD 1 and DZD 200,000 ,
-1% if the company capital is between DZD 200,001 and DZD 300,000 DA,
-0.7% if the company capital is between DZD 300,001 and DZD 400,000
-0.6% if the company capital is between DZD 400,001 and DZD 500,000
-0.5% if the company capital is between DZD 500,001 and DZD 1,000,000
-0.5% if the company capital is DZD 1,000,000 and above
Procedure
4
Obtain the criminal record and birth certificate of manager
Time to complete:
2
Cost to complete:
DA 30
Comment:
Since 2003, one can apply for the criminal record (extract de casier judiciaire) anywhere, without
visiting the Clerk of the Court in the manager’s birthplace. The managers must file the criminal
record with the Trade Register and also provide a copy of the birth certificate, obtained at the
birthplace. It is assumed that the managers already hold a birth certificate.
Procedure
5
Time to complete:
Publish the company constitution on the legal journal (B.O.A.L.) and a nationally
circulated newspaper
3
12
Cost to complete:
DA 1960
Comment:
The two newspapers are in Arabic and French language, respectively. The fees vary by newspaper.
For a daily newspaper, the fee is DZD 280 per line of 24 characters. For the official journal, the
Official Bulletin of Legal Announcements (BOAL), the fee is DZD 48 per line.
Procedure
6
File for company registration with the commercial registry within two months of the
formation of the company
Time to complete:
2
Cost to complete:
DA 9760
Comment:
According to Law No. 04-08 (April, 14 2004), registration is completed within 1 day. However, in
practice, it still takes 2 days to obtain the final registration certificate.
Registration fee (Arrêté du 10 juillet 2004 portant révision des tarifs applicables par le centre
national du registre de commerce au titre de la tenue des registres de commerce et des publicités
légales):
- DZD 9,120 if the company capital is between DZD 30,001 and DZD 100,000.
- DZD 9,520 if the company capital is between DZD 100,001 and DZD 300,000.
- DZD 9,760 if the company capital is more than DZD 300,000.
Procedure
7
Pay for the stamp duty and obtain a receipt
Time to complete:
1
Cost to complete:
DA 4000
Comment:
Fiscal stamps are sealed at the fiscal administration. Other stamps are paid at the CNRC.
Procedure
8
Register for income tax (Impôt sur le revenu global des personnes physiques, IRG),
corporate tax (Impôt sur les bénéfices des personnes morales ou des sociétés, IBS), and
VAT with the local tax inspectorate
Time to complete:
2
Cost to complete:
no charge
Comment:
Procedure
9
Register for the Caisse Nationale des Assurances Sociales des Travailleurs Salariés
(CNAS)
Time to complete:
1
Cost to complete:
no charge
Comment:
The following three departments handle social security matters:
1. The Caisse Nationale des Assurances Sociales des Travailleurs Salariés (CNAS) receives
employee declarations.
2. The Caisse Nationale de Sécurité Sociale des Non Salariés (CASNOS) receives employer
declarations.
3. The Caisse Nationale d’Assurance Chômage (CNAC) is the competent authority for
unemployment matters.
The employer must report any new employee within 10 days of hiring.
Procedure 10
Open the company’s bank account with a commercial bank
Time to complete:
1
Cost to complete:
no charge
13
Comment:
Procedure 11
The bank account can be opened only following commercial registration (a receipt by the
Commercial Registry suffices). The bank requires the following documents: company statutes, tax
registration, statistical ID, copy of director’s birth certificate. Documents are deposited in one day,
but the time needed for bank accounts to be operational and receive check books varies from bank
to bank.
Register for the Caisse Nationale de Sécurité Sociale des Non Salariés (CASNOS)
Time to complete:
1
Cost to complete:
no charge
Comment:
Procedure 12
Register with the Unemployment Insurance Fund (CNAC)
Time to complete:
1
Cost to complete:
no charge
Comment:
Procedure 13
Make a company seal
Time to complete:
2
Cost to complete:
DA 800
Comment:
Procedure 14
Have company’s accounting books stamped at the court
Time to complete:
1
Cost to complete:
DA 6000
Comment:
The accounting and inventory books must be stamped when the company starts its business
activity. The fees amount to about DZD 2,000 per book.
14
15
1. Benchmarking Dealing with Construction Permits Regulations:
Algeria is ranked 113 overall for Dealing with Construction Permits.
Ranking of Algeria in Dealing with Construction Permits - Compared to good practice and selected economies:
16
The following table shows Dealing with Construction Permits data for Algeria compared to good practice and comparator
economies:
Good Practice
Economies
Procedures
(number)
Time (days)
Cost (% of
income per
capita)
6
Denmark
0.8
Qatar
25
Singapore
Selected Economy
Algeria
22
240
44.0
Egypt, Arab Rep.
25
218
293.7
France
13
137
23.6
Mauritania
25
201
463.2
Morocco
19
163
251.5
Spain
11
233
47.4
Tunisia
20
97
858.7
17
2. Historical data: Dealing with Construction Permits in Algeria
Dealing with Construction Permits data
Doing Business
2008
Doing Business
2009
Doing Business
2010
Doing Business
2011
Rank
..
..
111
113
Procedures (number)
22
22
22
22
Time (days)
240
240
240
240
57.8
46.8
39.6
44.0
3. The following graphs illustrate the Dealing with Construction Permits sub indicators in Algeria over
the past 4 years:
18
Dealing with Construction Permits in Algeria
The table below summarizes the procedures, time, and costs to build a warehouse in Algeria.
BUILDING A WAREHOUSE
City: Algiers
No:
Procedure
1
Legalize property act
2
Obtain building permit
3
Time to complete
Cost to complete
2 days
DZD 1,800
150 days
DZD 2,500
Receive municipal inspection
5 days
no charge
4
1 day
no charge
5
1 day
no charge
6
1 day
no charge
7
1 day
no charge
8
1 day
no charge
19
9
Request and receive final inspection to obtain certificate of conformity
14 days
no charge
10
Obtain certificate of conformity
1 day
DZD 5,000
11
Notarize the updated property act
1 day
no charge
12
Register the updated property act (title) at the property registry
1 day
no charge
13
Apply for telephone line
1 day
no charge
14
Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications inspects the site and prepares
an estimate
30 days
DZD 13,200
15
Obtain telephone connection
30 days
DZD 15,000
16 *
Notify municipal/ communal authority of connection to sewer mains
1 day
no charge
17
Apply for electricity connection
1 day
DZD 25,000
18
Electricity company inspects the site and prepares an estimate
14 days
DZD 15,000
19
Obtain electricity connection
25 days
DZD 12,500
20
Apply for water connection
1 day
no charge
21
The water company inspects the site and prepares an estimate
22 days
DZD 13,000
22
Obtain water connection
18 days
DZD 25,000
20
Dealing with Construction Permits Details - Algeria
Procedure
1
Legalize property act
Time to complete:
2 days
Cost to complete:
DZD 1,800
Agency:
Municipal authority (Autorité municipale)
Comment:
Procedure
2
Obtain building permit
Time to complete:
150 days
Cost to complete:
DZD 2,500
Agency:
Comment:
Procedure
3
Time to complete:
5 days
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
Comment:
Procedure
4
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
Comment:
The law does not specify the number of inspections that take place during construction.
However, inspections occur randomly before and during the construction process. The
variation depends on the visibility and on the exact location of the construction site.
Procedure
5
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
21
Comment:
Procedure
6
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
Comment:
Procedure
7
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
Comment:
Procedure
8
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
Comment:
Procedure
9
Request and receive final inspection to obtain certificate of conformity
Time to complete:
14 days
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
Comment:
When the warehouse is completed, BuildCo must notify the municipality so that it can
perform a final inspection of the construction. The inspector will usually arrive on site
within 2 weeks of the request.
Procedure
10
Obtain certificate of conformity
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
DZD 5,000
Agency:
22
Comment:
Procedure
Although the law requires a certificate of conformity, it is seldom issued in practice.
11
Notarize the updated property act
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
Comment:
Procedure
12
Register the updated property act (title) at the property registry
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
Comment:
Before the building can be used as collateral, banks require the property title and the
construction license. This case study assumes that BuildCo possesses a construction
license.
Procedure
13
Apply for telephone line
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (Ministère des Postes et Télécommunications)
Comment:
Procedure
14
Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications inspects the site and prepares an estimate
Time to complete:
30 days
Cost to complete:
DZD 13,200
Agency:
Comment:
The Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications requires a 50% down payment on the
estimated charge before connecting the building.
Procedure
15
Obtain telephone connection
Time to complete:
30 days
Cost to complete:
DZD 15,000
Agency:
23
Comment:
Procedure
A site visit may be required to prepare the estimate.
16
Notify municipal/ communal authority of connection to sewer mains
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
Municipal/communal authority (Autorité municipale/communale)
Comment:
Procedure
17
Apply for electricity connection
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
DZD 25,000
Agency:
Socièté Nationale de l'Electricité et du Gaz (SONELGAZ)
Comment:
Procedure
18
Electricity company inspects the site and prepares an estimate
Time to complete:
14 days
Cost to complete:
DZD 15,000
Agency:
Comment:
A site visit is sometimes required to prepare the estimate.
Procedure
19
Obtain electricity connection
Time to complete:
25 days
Cost to complete:
DZD 12,500
Agency:
Comment:
Procedure
20
Apply for water connection
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no charge
Agency:
SEAAL
24
Comment:
Procedure
21
The water company inspects the site and prepares an estimate
Time to complete:
22 days
Cost to complete:
DZD 13,000
Agency:
SEAAL
Comment:
A site visit is sometimes required to prepare the estimate.
Procedure
22
Obtain water connection
Time to complete:
18 days
Cost to complete:
DZD 25,000
Agency:
SEAAL
Comment:
25
26
1. Benchmarking Registering Property Regulations:
Algeria is ranked 165 overall for Registering Property.
Ranking of Algeria in Registering Property - Compared to good practice and selected economies:
27
The following table shows Registering Property data for Algeria compared to good practice and comparator economies:
Good Practice
Economies
Procedures
(number)
Time (days)
Cost (% of
property
value)
2
New Zealand*
1
Norway*
0.0
Saudi Arabia
Selected Economy
Algeria
11
47
7.1
Egypt, Arab Rep.
7
72
0.8
France
8
59
6.1
Mauritania
4
49
5.2
Morocco
8
47
4.9
Spain
4
18
7.1
Tunisia
4
39
6.1
Procedures (number): United Arab Emirates
Time (days): Saudi Arabia, Thailand, United Arab Emirates
28
2. Historical data: Registering Property in Algeria
Registering Property data
Doing Business
2008
Doing Business
2009
Doing Business
2010
Doing Business
2011
Rank
..
..
159
165
Procedures (number)
14
14
11
11
Time (days)
51
51
47
47
Cost (% of property value)
7.5
7.5
7.1
7.1
3. The following graphs illustrate the Registering Property sub indicators in Algeria over the past 4
years:
29
Registering Property in Algeria
This topic examines the steps, time, and cost involved in registering property in Algeria.
STANDARDIZED PROPERTY
Property Value: 14,532,242.21
City: Algiers
No:
Procedure
Time to complete
Cost to complete
1
Obtain a certificate of non-encumbrances from the
Land Registry (Conservation Foncière)
4 days
DZD 500 for the
non-encumbrance certificate
2
Parties file the unsigned contract with the relevant
documents at the notary
3 days
3% for first DZD 500,000
of property value, 2% for
the next DZD 500,000, 1%
for exceeding amount
3
The seller pays registration and publication fees into
notary’s account at the Public Revenue Office (Trésor
Public)
1 day
6% of the property value
(5% registration fee + 1%
publication fee)
4
Parties sign the contract at the public notary
1 day
no cost
5
The original deed and documents are filed by the
notary at the Registry of Deeds (Service de
l’Enregistrement et du Timbre)
4 days
no cost
6 *
The notary provides a tax declaration to be deposited
at the local tax office
1 day (simultaneous
with following
procedures)
no cost
30
7 *
File tax declaration and proof of payment at the local
tax office (Sous Direction du Recouvrement des
Impôts)
1 day (simultaneous
with following
procedures)
no cost
8 *
Notary returns deposit to seller
30 days (time limit)
(simultaneous with
following procedures)
no cost
9 *
The notary pays registration fees to the local tax
authorities (Recette des Impôts)
1 day (simultaneous
with previous
procedures)
Already counted in
Procedure 3
10 *
The notary issues payment for publication fee to the
Local Land Registry (Conservation Foncière) for
publication and issuance of the new deed
30 day (time limit (simultaneous with
previous procedures) )
Already counted in
Procedure 3
11 *
The notary issues a copy of the deed to each party
1 day (simultaneous
with procedures 6 to
11)
no cost
31
Registering Property Details - Algeria
Procedure
1
Obtain a certificate of non-encumbrances from the Land Registry (Conservation
Foncière)
Time to complete:
4 days
Cost to complete:
DZD 500 for the non-encumbrance certificate
Agency:
Land Registry (Conservation Foncière)
Comment:
The notary obtains a non-encumbrance certificate from the Land Registry (Conservation
Foncière). The Land Registry will also check with the Tax Office to see that the seller is
up-to-date with tax payments linked to the property. The original Title is given to the Notary
by the Seller.
Procedure
2
Parties file the unsigned contract with the relevant documents at the notary
Time to complete:
3 days
Cost to complete:
3% for first DZD 500,000 of property value, 2% for the next DZD 500,000, 1% for
exceeding amount
Comment:
The parties provide the notary with all the relevant documents such as the original Property
title, non-encumbrance certificate, Birth certificate. The notary takes note of the purchase
price and reviews the documents. He/she then issues an order of payment to the buyer for the
amount:
20% of the purchasing price, to be deposited in the notary’s agent account at the Public
Revenue Office,
5% of the property value for registration fees (2.5% for each party)
Transfert taxe (taxe de publicité foncière) 1% of property value
The notary’s fees are as follows:
3% for the first 500 000 DZD
2% for the second 500 000 DZD
1% for the rest of the amount
17% VAT is applicable on the notary fees
Procedure
3
The seller pays registration and publication fees into notary’s account at the Public
Revenue Office (Trésor Public)
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
6% of the property value (5% registration fee + 1% publication fee)
Agency:
Public Revenue Office (Trésor Public)
Comment:
The Buyer subsequently informs the notary of the payment. The 6% consist of: (i) 5%
registration fee (2.5% to be paid each by seller and buyer) and (ii) 1% for publication fees.
Procedure
4
Parties sign the contract at the public notary
Time to complete:
1 day
Cost to complete:
no cost
32
After the deposit, the seller provides the notary with the receipt. The notary then drafts the
contract, which is signed by both parties and issues a provisional copy of the deed to the
seller. The notary then continues with the registration of the transfer deed (see proc. 6-11).
Comment:
Procedure
5
The original deed and documents are filed by the notary at the Registry of Deeds
(Service de l’Enregistrement et du Timbre)
Time to complete:
4 days
Cost to complete:
no cost
Agency:
Registry of Deeds (Service de l’Enregistrement et du Timbre)
Comment:
The Registry of Deeds issues an order of payment of 6% property value to the notary.
Procedure
6
The notary provides a tax declaration to be deposited at the local tax office
Time to complete:
1 day (simultaneous with following procedures)
Cost to complete:
no cost
Agency:
Local tax office
Comment:
The seller takes the proof of payment to the notary who provides a tax declaration to be
deposited at the local tax office Sous Direction du Recouvrement des Impôts)
Procedure
7
File tax declaration and proof of payment at the local tax office (Sous Direction du
Recouvrement des Impôts)
Time to complete:
1 day (simultaneous with following procedures)
Cost to complete:
no cost
Agency:
Local tax office (Sous Direction du Recouvrement des Impôts)
Comment:
The seller or notary files the tax declaration and proof of payment at the local tax office (Sous
Direction du Recouvrement des Impôts)
Procedure
8
Notary returns deposit to seller
Time to complete:
30 days (time limit) (simultaneous with following procedures)
Cost to complete:
no cost
Comment:
After 30 days, and if there are no objections by the tax office, the notary delivers to the seller a
check for the amount of the deposit or, if applicable, the amount minus the capital gains tax, if
the latter was paid from the deposit.
Procedure
9
The notary pays registration fees to the local tax authorities (Recette des Impôts)
Time to complete:
1 day (simultaneous with previous procedures)
Cost to complete:
Already counted in Procedure 3
33
Agency:
Local tax authorities (Recette des Impôts)
Comment:
The notary issues a payment of 5% of the purchase value for the registration fees from the
agent account to the local tax authorities. Subsequently, the tax authorities issue to the notary
an original deed (‘minute de l’acte) only for his records. (The "minute" is the original received
by the notary. The notary must keep it and cannot make it public.)
Procedure
10
The notary issues payment for publication fee to the Local Land Registry (Conservation
Foncière) for publication and issuance of the new deed
Time to complete:
30 day (time limit - (simultaneous with previous procedures) )
Cost to complete:
Already counted in Procedure 3
Agency:
Local Land Registry (Conservation Foncière)
Comment:
The notary issues a payment by check for the publication fee of 1% of the purchase value (part
of 6% deposited by the seller) accompanied by a copy of the deed. The Land Registry then
issues a public deed to the notary.
Procedure
11
The notary issues a copy of the deed to each party
Time to complete:
1 day (simultaneous with procedures 6 to 11)
Cost to complete:
no cost
Comment:
34
35
1. Benchmarking Getting Credit Regulations:
Algeria is ranked 138 overall for Getting Credit.
Ranking of Algeria in Getting Credit - Compared to good practice and selected economies:
36
The following table shows Getting Credit data for Algeria compared to good practice and comparator economies:
Good Practice
Economies
Strength of
legal rights
index (0-10)
Depth of
credit
information
index (0-6)
Public
registry
coverage (%
of adults)
Private
bureau
coverage (%
of adults)
100.0
New Zealand*
67.1
Portugal
10
Singapore*
6
United Kingdom
Selected Economy
Algeria
3
2
0.2
0.0
Egypt, Arab Rep.
3
6
2.9
10.3
France
7
4
33.3
0.0
Mauritania
3
1
0.1
0.0
Morocco
3
5
0.0
9.9
Spain
6
5
54.6
10.7
Tunisia
3
5
22.9
0.0
Strength of legal rights index (0-10): Hong Kong, China, Kenya, Kyrgyz Republic, Malaysia
Private bureau coverage (% of adults): Argentina, Australia, Canada, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Sweden,
United Kingdom, United States
27 countries have the highest credit information index.
37
2. Historical data: Getting Credit in Algeria
Getting Credit data
Doing Business
2008
Doing Business
2009
Doing Business
2010
Doing Business
2011
Rank
..
..
135
138
3
3
3
3
Depth of credit information index (0-6)
2
2
2
2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Public registry coverage (% of adults)
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
3. The following graphs illustrate the Getting Credit sub indicators in Algeria over the past 4 years:
38
Getting Credit in Algeria
The following table summarize legal rights of borrowers and lenders, and the availability and legal framework of credit
registries in Algeria.
Getting Credit Indicators (2010)
Indicator
Private credit
bureau
Public credit
registry
2
Are data on both firms and individuals distributed?
No
Yes
1
Are both positive and negative data distributed?
No
Yes
1
Does the registry distribute credit information from retailers, trade
creditors or utility companies as well as financial institutions?
No
No
0
Are more than 2 years of historical credit information distributed?
No
No
0
Is data on all loans below 1% of income per capita distributed?
No
No
0
Is it guaranteed by law that borrowers can inspect their data in the
largest credit registry?
No
No
0
Coverage
0.0
0.2
Number of individuals
0
..
Number of firms
0
..
39
3
Can any business use movable assets as collateral while keeping possession of the assets; and any financial
institution accept such assets as collateral ?
Yes
Does the law allow businesses to grant a non possessory security right in a single category of movable assets,
without requiring a specific description of collateral?
No
Does the law allow businesses to grant a non possessory security right in substantially all of its assets, without
requiring a specific description of collateral?
Yes
May a security right extend to future or after-acquired assets, and may it extend automatically to the products,
proceeds or replacements of the original assets ?
No
Is a general description of debts and obligations permitted in collateral agreements, so that all types of obligations
and debts can be secured by stating a maximum amount rather than a specific amount between the parties ?
Yes
Is a collateral registry in operation, that is unified geographically and by asset type, as well as indexed by the
grantor's name of a security right ?
No
Do secured creditors have absolute priority to their collateral outside bankruptcy procedures?
No
Do secured creditors have absolute priority to their collateral in bankruptcy procedures?
No
During reorganization, are secured creditors' claims exempt from an automatic stay on enforcement?
No
Does the law authorize parties to agree on out of court enforcement?
No
40
41
1. Benchmarking Protecting Investors Regulations:
Algeria is ranked 74 overall for Protecting Investors.
Ranking of Algeria in Protecting Investors - Compared to good practice and selected economies:
42
The following table shows Protecting Investors data for Algeria compared to good practice and comparator economies:
Good Practice
Economies
Strength of
investor
protection
index (0-10)
9.7
New Zealand
Selected Economy
Algeria
5.3
Egypt, Arab Rep.
5.3
France
5.3
Mauritania
3.7
Morocco
3.3
Spain
5.0
Tunisia
5.3
43
2. Historical data: Protecting Investors in Algeria
Protecting Investors data
Doing Business
2008
Doing Business
2010
Doing Business
2011
..
..
73
74
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.3
Rank
Doing Business
2009
3.3
o
or
oc
c
ita
au
r
M
ni
a
n
Sp
ai
M
A
lg
er
ia
a
Tu
ni
si
Fr
an
ce
Eg
yp
t
R ,A
ep ra
b
.
N
ew
Ze
al
a
nd
3.7
5.0
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.3
9.7
3. The following graph illustrates the Protecting Investors index in Algeria compared to best practice
and selected Economies:
Note: The higher the score, the greater the investor protection.
44
Protecting Investors in Algeria
The table below provides a full breakdown of how the disclosure, director liability, and shareholder suits indexes are
calculated in Algeria.
Protecting Investors Data (2010)
Extent of disclosure index (0-10)
What corporate body provides legally sufficient approval for the transaction?
Whether immediate disclosure of the transaction to the public and/or shareholders is
required?
Whether disclosure of the transaction in published periodic filings (annual reports) is
required?
Whether disclosure of the conflict of interest by Mr. James to the board of directors is
required?
Whether an external body must review the terms of the transaction before it takes place?
Extent of director liability index (0-10)
Whether shareholders can hold Mr. James liable for the damage that the Buyer-Seller
transaction causes to the company?
Whether shareholders can hold the approving body (the CEO or board of directors) liable for
the damage that the Buyer-Seller transaction causes to the company?
Whether a court can void the transaction upon a successful claim by a shareholder plaintiff?
Whether Mr. James pays damages for the harm caused to the company upon a successful
claim by the shareholder plaintiff?
Indicator
6
3
0
0
2
1
6
1
1
0
1
45
Whether Mr. James repays profits made from the transaction upon a successful claim by the
shareholder plaintiff?
Whether fines and imprisonment can be applied against Mr. James?
Whether shareholders can sue directly or derivatively for the damage that the Buyer-Seller
transaction causes to the company?
Ease of shareholder suits index (0-10)
Whether the plaintiff can obtain any documents from the defendant and witnesses during
trial?
Whether the plaintiff can directly question the defendant and witnesses during trial?
Whether the plaintiff can request categories of documents from the defendant without
identifying specific ones?
Whether shareholders owning 10% or less of Buyer's shares can request an inspector to
investigate the transaction?
Whether the level of proof required for civil suits is lower than that of criminal cases?
Whether shareholders owning 10% or less of Buyer's shares can inspect transaction
documents before filing suit?
1
1
1
4
2
0
0
0
1
1
5.3
46
47
1. Benchmarking Paying Taxes Regulations:
Algeria is ranked 168 overall for Paying Taxes.
Ranking of Algeria in Paying Taxes - Compared to good practice and selected economies:
48
The following table shows Paying Taxes data for Algeria compared to good practice and comparator economies:
Good Practice
Economies
Payments
(number per
year)
Time (hours
per year)
3
Maldives*
Total tax rate
(% profit)
0
0.2
Timor-Leste
Selected Economy
Algeria
34
451
72.0
29
433
42.6
7
132
65.8
Mauritania
38
696
68.4
Morocco
28
358
41.7
Spain
8
197
56.5
Tunisia
8
144
62.8
Egypt, Arab Rep.
France
Payments (number per year): Qatar
49
2. Historical data: Paying Taxes in Algeria
Paying Taxes data
Doing Business
2008
Doing Business
2009
Doing Business
2010
Doing Business
2011
..
..
167
168
74.2
74.2
72.0
72.0
Payments (number per year)
34
34
34
34
Time (hours per year)
451
451
451
451
Rank
Total tax rate (% profit)
3. The following graphs illustrate the Paying Taxes sub indicators in Algeria over the past 4 years:
50
Paying Taxes in Algeria
The table below addresses the taxes and mandatory contributions that a medium-size company must pay or withhold in
a given year in Algeria, as well as measures of administrative burden in paying taxes.
Tax or mandatory
contribution
Payments
(number)
Notes on
Payments
Time
(hours)
Statutory tax
rate
Totaltax rate
(% profit)
Value added tax (VAT)
12
Stamp duty
1
DZD 40 to
DZD 60
number of
pages in
document
Tax on unbuilt land
1
7.0%
rental value
of land
0.00
Vehicle tax
1
DZD 1,000
fixed fee
0.00
Dwelling tax
1
DZD 1,200
fixed fee
0.00
Fuel tax
1
1.0%
value of fuel
0.00
Drainage tax
0
fixed fee
0.10
Tax on built land
1
3.0%
rental value
of land
0.20
Tax on interest
0
withheld
10.0%
interest
income
0.30
Apprenticeship tax
0
paid jointly
1.0%
net salaries
1.00
189
paid jointly
17.0%
Tax
base
DZD 10,000
Notes on
TTR
value added
51
Corporate income tax
4
152
19.0%
taxable profit
6.60
Social security
contributions
12
110
25.5%
gross salaries
28.80
Tax on professional
activity
0
2.0%
turnover
35.40
Totals
34
paid jointly
451
72.0
52
53
1. Benchmarking Trading Across Borders Regulations:
Algeria is ranked 124 overall for Trading Across Borders.
Ranking of Algeria in Trading Across Borders - Compared to good practice and selected economies:
54
The following table shows Trading Across Borders data for Algeria compared to good practice and comparator economies:
Good Practice
Economies
Documents to
export
(number)
Time to
export (days)
Cost to
export (US$
per
container)
Documents to
import
(number)
Time to
import (days)
Cost to
import (US$
per
container)
5
Denmark*
2
France
2
450
Malaysia
4
Singapore
439
Selected Economy
Algeria
8
17
1248
9
23
1428
Egypt, Arab Rep.
6
12
613
6
12
698
France
2
9
1078
2
11
1248
11
39
1520
11
42
1523
Morocco
7
14
700
10
17
1000
Spain
6
9
1221
7
10
1221
Tunisia
4
13
773
7
17
858
Mauritania
Time to export (days): Estonia
55
2. Historical data: Trading Across Borders in Algeria
Trading Across Borders data
Doing Business
2008
Doing Business
2009
Doing Business
2010
Doing Business
2011
..
..
122
124
Cost to export (US$ per container)
1198
1248
1248
1248
Cost to import (US$ per container)
1378
1428
1428
1428
Documents to export (number)
8
8
8
8
Documents to import (number)
9
9
9
9
Time to export (days)
17
17
17
17
Time to import (days)
23
23
23
23
Rank
3. The following graphs illustrate the Trading Across Borders sub indicators in Algeria over the past 4
years:
56
57
Trading Across Borders in Algeria
These tables list the procedures necessary to import and export a standardized cargo of goods in Algeria. The documents
required to export and import the goods are also shown.
Nature of Export Procedures (2010)
Duration (days)
US$ Cost
Documents preparation
8
450
Customs clearance and technical control
4
100
Ports and terminal handling
2
310
Inland transportation and handling
3
388
17
1248
Totals
Nature of Import Procedures (2010)
Documents preparation
Duration (days)
US$ Cost
10
540
Customs clearance and technical control
6
100
Ports and terminal handling
5
400
Inland transportation and handling
2
388
23
1428
Totals
58
Documents for Export and Import
Export
Bill of lading
Cargo release order
Certified copy of the commercial registry
Commercial Invoice
Customs export declaration
Packing list
Technical standard/health certificate
Terminal handling receipts
Import
Bill of lading
Cargo release order
Certified copy of the commercial registry
Commercial Invoice
Customs import declaration
Inspection report
Packing list
Technical standard/health certificate
Terminal handling receipts
59
60
1. Benchmarking Enforcing Contracts Regulations:
Algeria is ranked 127 overall for Enforcing Contracts.
Ranking of Algeria in Enforcing Contracts - Compared to good practice and selected economies:
61
The following table shows Enforcing Contracts data for Algeria compared to good practice and comparator economies:
Good Practice
Economies
Procedures
(number)
Time (days)
Cost (% of
claim)
0.1
Bhutan
20
Ireland
150
Singapore
Selected Economy
Algeria
46
630
21.9
Egypt, Arab Rep.
41
1010
26.2
France
29
331
17.4
Mauritania
46
370
23.2
Morocco
40
615
25.2
Spain
39
515
17.2
Tunisia
39
565
21.8
62
2. Historical data: Enforcing Contracts in Algeria
Enforcing Contracts data
Doing Business
2008
Doing Business
2009
Doing Business
2010
Doing Business
2011
Rank
..
..
124
127
Procedures (number)
47
47
46
46
Time (days)
630
630
630
630
Cost (% of claim)
21.9
21.9
21.9
21.9
3. The following graphs illustrate the Enforcing Contracts sub indicators in Algeria over the past 4 years:
63
Enforcing Contracts in Algeria
This topic looks at the efficiency of contract enforcement in Algeria.
Nature of Procedure (2010)
Indicator
Procedures (number)
46
Time (days)
630
Filing and service
21.0
Trial and judgment
390.0
Enforcement of judgment
219.0
Cost (% of claim)*
21.90
Attorney cost (% of claim)
8.1
Court cost (% of claim)
9.4
Enforcement Cost (% of claim)
4.4
64
Court information:
Alger Sidi M'hamed Tribunal, ("‫ القسم التجـاري‬- ‫)"محكمة سيدي محمد‬
Commercial Section
* Claim assumed to be equivalent to 200% of income per capita.
65
66
1. Benchmarking Closing Business Regulations:
Algeria is ranked 51 overall for Closing a Business.
Ranking of Algeria in Closing Business - Compared to good practice and selected economies:
67
The following table shows Closing Business data for Algeria compared to good practice and comparator economies:
Good Practice
Economies
Recovery rate
(cents on the
dollar)
Time (years)
Cost (% of
estate)
0.4
Ireland
92.7
Japan
1
Singapore*
Selected Economy
Algeria
41.7
2.5
7
Egypt, Arab Rep.
17.4
4.2
22
France
45.2
1.9
9
Mauritania
10.3
8.0
9
Morocco
38.4
1.8
18
Spain
76.3
1.0
11
Tunisia
51.7
1.3
7
Cost (% of estate): Colombia, Kuwait, Norway
68
2. Historical data: Closing Business in Algeria
Closing a Business data
Rank
Time (years)
Cost (% of estate)
Recovery rate (cents on the dollar)
Doing Business
2008
Doing Business
2009
Doing Business
2010
Doing Business
2011
..
..
51
51
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
7
7
7
7
41.7
41.7
41.7
41.7
3. The following graphs illustrate the Closing Business sub indicators in Algeria over the past 4 years:
69
Since 2004 Doing Business has been tracking reforms aimed at simplifying business regulations, strengthening property
rights, opening access to credit and enforcing contracts by measuring their impact on 10 indicator sets . * Nearly 1,000
reforms have had an impact on these indicators. Doing Business 2011, covering June 2009 to June 2010, reports that 117
economies implemented 216 reforms to make it easier to start a business. 64% of economies measured by Doing
Business have reformed this year, focusing on easing business start-up, lightening the tax burden, simplifying import and
export regulations and improving credit information systems.
Closing a Business
Enforcing Contracts
Paying Taxes
Getting Credit
Economy
Negative Change
Starting a Business
Positive Change
Dealing with Construction
Permits
The top 10 most-improved in Doing Business 2011
Kazakhstan
Rwanda
Peru
Vietnam
Cape Verde
Tajikistan
Zambia
Hungary
Grenada
Brunei Darussalam
* For Doing Business 2011 the Employing Workers indicator is not included in the aggregate ease of doing
business ranking.
70
Summary of changes to business regulation in top 10 most improved economies in Doing
Business 2011 and selected comparator economies.
Brunei Darussalam
Brunei Darussalam made starting a business easier by improving efficiency at
and implementing an electronic system for name searches. Brunei Darussalam
income tax rate from 23.5% to 22% while also introducing a lower tax rate
ranging from 5.5% to 11%. The introduction of an electronic customs system
made trading easier.
Cape Verde
Cape Verde made start-up easier by eliminating the need for a municipal inspection before a business
begins operations and computerizing the system for delivering the municipal license. Cape Verde eased
property registration by switching from fees based on a percentage of the property value to lower fixed
rates. Cape Verde abolished the stamp duties on sales and checks.
Egypt, Arab Rep.
Egypt reduced the cost to start a business. Egypt made trading easier by introducing an electronic
system for submitting export and import documents.
Grenada
Grenada eased business start-up by transferring responsibility for the commercial registry from the
courts to the civil administration. The appointment of a registrar focusing only on property cut the time
needed to transfer property in Grenada by almost half. Grenada’s customs administration made trading
faster by simplifying procedures, reducing inspections, improving staff training and enhancing
communication with users.
Hungary
Hungary implemented a time limit for the issuance of building permits. Hungary reduced the property
registration fee by 6% of the property value. Hungary simplified taxes and tax bases. Amendments to
Hungary’s bankruptcy law encourage insolvent companies to consider reaching agreements with
creditors out of court so as to avoid bankruptcy.
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan eased business start-up by reducing the minimum capital requirement to 100 tenge ($0.70)
and eliminating the need to have the memorandum of association and company charter notarized.
Kazakhstan made dealing with construction permits easier by implementing a one-stop shop related to
technical conditions for utilities. Kazakhstan strengthened investor protections by requiring greater
corporate disclosure in company annual reports. Kazakhstan speeded up trade through efforts to
modernize customs, including implementation of a risk management system and improvements in
customs automation.
Morocco
Morocco
reports.
Peru
Peru eased business start-up by simplifying the requirements for operating licenses and creating an
online one-stop shop for business registration. Peru streamlined construction permitting by
implementing administrative
reforms. Peru introduced fast-track procedures at the land registry, cutting by half the time needed to
register property. Peru made trading easier by implementing a new web-based electronic data
interchange system, risk-based inspections and payment deferrals.
Rwanda
Rwanda made dealing with construction permits easier by passing new building regulations at the end
of April 2010 and implementing new time limits for the issuance of various permits. Rwanda enhanced
access to credit by allowing borrowers the right to inspect their own credit report and mandating that
loans of all sizes be reported to the central bank’s public credit registry. Rwanda reduced the number of
trade documents required and enhanced its joint border management procedures with Uganda and other
neighbors, leading to an improvement in the trade logistics environment.
Spain
Spain streamlined the documentation for imports by including tax-related information on its single
administrative document. Spain amended its regulations governing insolvency proceedings with the
aim of reducing the cost and time. The new regulations also introduced out-of-court workouts.
Tajikistan
Tajikistan made starting a business easier by creating a one-stop shop that consolidates registration with
the state and the tax authority. Tajikistan strengthened investor protections by requiring greater
corporate disclosure in the annual report and greater access to corporate information for minority
investors. Tajikistan lowered its corporate income tax rate.
Tunisia
Tunisia introduced the use of electronic systems for payment of corporate income tax and value added
tax. Tunisia upgraded its electronic data interchange system for imports and exports, speeding up the
assembly of import documents.
strengthened
investor
protections
by
requiring
greater
disclosure
the company registrar
reduced the corporate
for small businesses,
in Brunei Darussalam
in
companies’
annual
71
Vietnam
Vietnam eased company start-up by creating a one-stop shop that combines the processes for obtaining
a business license and tax license and by eliminating the need for a seal for company licensing.
Vietnam made dealing with construction permits easier by reducing the cost to register newly
completed buildings by 50% and transferring the authority to register buildings from local authorities to
the Department of National Resources and Environment. Vietnam improved its credit information
system by allowing borrowers to examine their own credit report and correct errors.
Zambia
Zambia eased business start-up by eliminating the minimum capital requirement. Zambia eased trade by
implementing a one-stop border post with Zimbabwe, launching web-based submission of customs
declarations and introducing scanning machines at border posts. Zambia improved contract
enforcement by introducing an electronic case management system in the courts that provides electronic
referencing of cases, a database of laws, real-time court reporting and public access to court records.
72
73

Algeria

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