factbook 2014 - Observatório da Emigração

Transcrição

observatório da emigração
portuguese emigration
factbook 2014
www.observatorioemigracao.pt
Observatório da Emigração
Portuguese Emigration
Factbook 2014
Rui Pena Pires*, Cláudia Pereira*, Joana Azevedo*,
Inês Espírito-Santo* e Inês Vidigal**
*
**
Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL),
Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia (CIES-IUL), Lisboa, Portugal
Universidade de Lisboa (UL), IGOT-UL, Lisbon, Portugal;
Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL),
Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia (CIES-IUL), Lisboa, Portugal
Revised December 2015.
Cancels and replaces the same document of December 2014.
Corrects errors in table 1.3 and chart 1.1 (pages 23-25).
Revised May 2016.
Cancels and replaces the same document of December 2015.
Corrects errors in table 1.4 (page 26).
December 2014
© OEm, Observatório da Emigração, 2014
Portuguese Emigration Factbook 2014 was co-ordinated by Rui Pena Pires
and compiled and prepared by Rui Pena Pires, Cláudia Pereira, Joana Azevedo,
Inês Espírito Santo and Inês Vidigal.
Please cite this publication as: Observatório da Emigração (2014),
Portuguese Emigration Factbook 2014, Lisbon, Observatório da Emigração, CIESIUL, ISCTE-IUL. DOI: .
First published December 2014 by Observatório da Emigração.
First revised version December 2015 by Observatório da Emigração.
Second revised version May 2016 by Observatório da Emigração.
ISBN: 978-989-20-5329-5
DOI: 10.15847/CIESOEMFB2014
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10071/8626
Tables and charts are provided in Excel format.
Just type the link at the beginning of each chapter to obtain the corresponding file.
The Observatório da Emigração (OEm) is based at the Centre for Research and Studies
in Sociology (CIES-IUL), at the University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL), and supported
and funded by a partnership between ISCTE-IUL and the Directorate-General for
Consular Affairs and Portuguese Communities (DGACCP).
Observatório da Emigração
Av. das Forças Armadas, ISCTE-IUL, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal
Tel. (CIES-IUL): + 351 210464018
E-mail: [email protected]
www.observatoriodaemigracao.pt
Public disclosure authorized
The OEm encourages dissemination of its work. You can copy, download or print this
content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from this publication in your
own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that
suitable acknowledgement of OEm as source is given.
http://www.observatorioemigracao.pt/np4/4093.html
PORTUGUESE EMIGRATION FACTBOOK 2014
Contents
List of tables, charts and maps ...................................................................................................... 5
Signs, abbreviations and acronyms ............................................................................................. 10
Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................... 11
Foreword ..................................................................................................................................... 12
Highlights ..................................................................................................................................... 16
1 | Total emigration........................................................................................................... 19
Country statistical profile ............................................................................................................ 21
Estimates of total emigration...................................................................................................... 23
International comparison ............................................................................................................ 32
2 | Emigration to top destination countries ........................................................................ 37
Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 39
Inflows ......................................................................................................................................... 42
Stocks .......................................................................................................................................... 46
Citizenship ................................................................................................................................... 50
Consular data .............................................................................................................................. 56
3 | Remittances ................................................................................................................. 59
Volume and composition ............................................................................................................ 61
Changes ....................................................................................................................................... 66
Economic weight ......................................................................................................................... 68
International comparison ............................................................................................................ 69
4 | Focus: changes in emigration to top destination countries, 2001-2013 ........................... 73
Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 74
Belgium........................................................................................................................................ 76
Brazil ............................................................................................................................................ 79
Canada ......................................................................................................................................... 81
France .......................................................................................................................................... 84
Germany ...................................................................................................................................... 86
OEm Observatório da Emigração | www.observatorioemigracao.pt
3
Italy .............................................................................................................................................. 89
Luxemburg................................................................................................................................... 92
Netherlands ................................................................................................................................. 95
Norway ........................................................................................................................................ 98
Spain .......................................................................................................................................... 101
Switzerland ................................................................................................................................ 104
United Kingdom ........................................................................................................................ 107
United States ............................................................................................................................. 110
Venezuela .................................................................................................................................. 113
Glossary ..................................................................................................................................... 115
Metadata ................................................................................................................................... 119
References................................................................................................................................. 128
Webography .............................................................................................................................. 130
4
List of tables, charts and maps
Tables
Table 1.1
Main social indicators: international comparison .................................................. 21
Table 1.2
Main migration indicators: international comparison ........................................... 22
Table 1.3
Permanent outflows of Portuguese emigrants: the historical
background ............................................................................................................. 23
Table 1.4
Estimates of the outflows of Portuguese emigrants, 2001-2013 ........................... 26
Table 1.5
UN estimates of the stock of Portuguese-born emigrants, 1990-2013.................. 27
Table 1.6
Stock of Portuguese-born emigrants in EU and EFTA countries,
2000/2001 and 2010/11 ......................................................................................... 28
Table 1.7
Stock of Portuguese-born emigrants in OECD countries by age group
and educational attainment, 2000/2001 and 2010/11 .......................................... 30
Table 1.8
Emigrants by country of origin, 2010 ..................................................................... 32
Table 1.9
Emigration and immigration rates in EU countries, 2010 ...................................... 34
Table 2.1
Main indicators of Portuguese emigration to top destination
countries, 2013 or last year available ..................................................................... 39
Table 2.2
Portuguese permanent inflows in top destination countries, 2013 or
last year available ................................................................................................... 42
Table 2.3
Change in Portuguese permanent inflows in top destination
countries, 2012-2013 or last two years available ................................................... 45
Table 2.4
Stock of migrants born in Portugal in top destination countries, 2013
or last year available ............................................................................................... 46
Table 2.5
Change in the stock of migrants born in Portugal in top destination
Table 2.6
Population with Portuguese citizenship in top destination countries,
2013 or last year available ...................................................................................... 50
Table 2.7
Change in the population with Portuguese citizenship in top
destination countries, 2012-2013 or last two years available................................ 52
Table 2.8
Acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese in top destination countries,
Table 2.9
Change in the acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese in top
destination countries, 2012-2013 or last two years available................................ 55
5
Table 2.10 Stock of consular registrations in top destination countries, 2012 or
Table 2.11 Change in the stock of consular registrations in top destination
Table 3.1
Inward and outward remittance flows in Portugal, 2013 ...................................... 61
Table 3.2
Top inward remittance flows in Portugal, 2013 ..................................................... 64
Table 3.3
Changes in inward remittance flows in Portugal, 2012-2013 ................................ 66
Table 3.4
Changes in economic weight of remittances in Portugal, 2012-2013 .................... 68
Table 3.5
Top remittance-receiving countries, thousand US dollars, 2012 ........................... 69
Table 3.6
Top remittance-receiving countries, economic weight, 2012 ................................ 71
Table 4.1
Main changes in top emigration countries, 2003-2013: average
annual growth in percentage................................................................................. 74
Table 4.2
Belgium: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ............................................ 76
Table 4.3
Belgium: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ....................................... 77
Table 4.4
Belgium: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 .............................. 78
Table 4.5
Brazil: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ................................................ 79
Table 4.6
Brazil: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ........................................... 80
Table 4.7
Canada: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ............................................. 81
Table 4.8
Canada: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ........................................ 82
Table 4.9
Canada: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ............................... 83
Table 4.10 France: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ......................................... 84
Table 4.11 France: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ................................ 85
Table 4.12 Germany: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 .......................................... 86
Table 4.13 Germany: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ..................................... 87
Table 4.14 Germany: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ............................ 88
Table 4.15 Italy: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 .................................................. 89
Table 4.16 Italy: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ............................................. 90
Table 4.17 Italy: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 .................................... 91
Table 4.18 Luxemburg: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ....................................... 92
Table 4.19 Luxemburg: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 .................................. 93
Table 4.20 Luxemburg: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ......................... 94
Table 4.21 Netherlands: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ..................................... 95
Table 4.22 Netherlands: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ................................ 96
Table 4.23 Netherlands: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ....................... 97
Table 4.24 Norway: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ............................................ 98
Table 4.25 Norway: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ....................................... 99
Table 4.26 Norway: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ............................ 100
6
Table 4.27 Spain: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 .............................................. 101
Table 4.28 Spain: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ......................................... 102
Table 4.29 Spain: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ................................ 103
Table 4.30 Switzerland: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 .................................... 104
Table 4.31 Switzerland: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ............................... 105
Table 4.32 Switzerland: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ...................... 106
Table 4.33 United Kingdom: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ............................. 107
Table 4.34 United Kingdom: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ........................ 108
Table 4.35 United Kingdom: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013............... 109
Table 4.36 United States: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ................................. 110
Table 4.37 United States: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ............................ 111
Table 4.38 United States: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ................... 112
Table 4.39 Venezuela: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ................................. 113
Charts
Chart 1.1
Permanent outflows of Portuguese emigrants: the historical
background ............................................................................................................. 25
Chart 1.2
OEm estimates of the outflows of Portuguese emigrants, 2001-2013 .................. 26
Chart 1.3
UN estimates of the stock of Portuguese-born emigrants in Europe, in
percentage of total Portuguese-born emigrants, 1990-2013 ................................ 27
Chart 1.4
Major changes in the stock of Portuguese-born emigrants in EU and
EFTA countries, 2000/2001 to 2010/11.................................................................. 29
Chart 1.5
Stock of Portuguese-born emigrants in OECD countries by age group
and educational attainment, 2000/2001 and 2010/11 .......................................... 31
Chart 1.6
Emigrants by country of origin, 2010 ..................................................................... 33
Chart 1.7
Emigration and immigration rates in EU countries, 2010 ...................................... 35
Chart 2.1
Chart 2.2
Portuguese permanent inflows as a percentage of all permanent
inflows in top destination countries, 2013 or last year available ........................... 44
Chart 2.3
Chart 2.4
Stock of migrants born in Portugal as a percentage of all foreign-born
in top destination countries, 2013 or last year available ....................................... 48
7
Chart 2.5
Population with Portuguese citizenship in top destination countries,
Chart 2.6
Acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese in top destination countries,
Chart 2.7
Stock of consular registrations in top destination countries, 2012 or
Chart 3.1
Top inward remittance flows in Portugal, 2013 ..................................................... 65
Chart 3.2
Changes in top inward remittance flows in Portugal, nominal values,
thousand euros, 2012-2013.................................................................................... 67
Chart 3.3
Changes in economic weight of remittances in Portugal, 2012-2013 .................... 68
Chart 3.4
Top remittance-receiving countries, economic weight, 2012 ................................ 72
Chart 4.1
Belgium: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2012 ............................................ 76
Chart 4.2
Belgium: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ....................................... 77
Chart 4.3
Belgium: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2012 .............................. 78
Chart 4.4
Brazil: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2004-2013 ................................................ 79
Chart 4.5
Brazil: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001 and 2010 .................................... 80
Chart 4.6
Canada: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ............................................. 81
Chart 4.7
Canada: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001, 2006 and 2011 ....................... 82
Chart 4.8
Canada: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2011 ............................... 83
Chart 4.9
France: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2005-2011 ......................................... 84
Chart 4.10 France: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2012 ................................ 85
Chart 4.11 Germany: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 .......................................... 86
Chart 4.12 Germany: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ..................................... 87
Chart 4.13 Germany: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ............................ 88
Chart 4.14 Italy: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2003-2012 .................................................. 89
Chart 4.15 Italy: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2011-2012 ............................................. 90
Chart 4.16 Italy: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2008-2012 .................................... 91
Chart 4.17 Luxemburg: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ....................................... 92
Chart 4.18 Luxemburg: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001 and 2011 ........................... 93
Chart 4.19 Luxemburg: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ......................... 94
Chart 4.20 Netherlands: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ..................................... 95
Chart 4.21 Netherlands: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ................................ 96
Chart 4.22 Netherlands: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ....................... 97
Chart 4.23 Norway: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ............................................ 98
Chart 4.24 Norway: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ....................................... 99
Chart 4.25 Norway: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ............................ 100
Chart 4.26 Spain: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 .............................................. 101
8
Chart 4.27 Spain: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ......................................... 102
Chart 4.28 Spain: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ................................ 103
Chart 4.29 Switzerland: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 .................................... 104
Chart 4.30 Switzerland: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2005-2013 ............................... 105
Chart 4.31 Switzerland: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ...................... 106
Chart 4.32 United Kingdom: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ............................. 107
Chart 4.33 United Kingdom: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ........................ 108
Chart 4.34 United Kingdom: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013............... 109
Chart 4.35 United States: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013 ................................. 110
Chart 4.36 United States: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ............................ 111
Chart 4.37 United States: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013 ................... 112
Chart 4.38 Venezuela: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013 ................................. 113
Maps
Map 1.1
2010/11................................................................................................................... 29
Map 2.1
Map 2.2
Map 3.1
Inward remittance flows in Portugal, 2013 ............................................................ 63
Map 3.2
Outward remittance flows in Portugal, 2013 ......................................................... 63
Map 3.3
Top remittance-receiving countries, thousand US dollars, 2012 ........................... 70
Map 4.1
Average annual growth in percentage of the stock of migrants born in
Portugal, in top emigration countries, 2003-2013 ................................................. 75
9
Signs, abbreviations and acronyms
..
missing value, not applicable or not available
EFTA
European Free Trade Association
EU
European Union
OECD
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PALOP
Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa
(Portuguese-speaking African countries)
ISO codes for countries
AGO
Angola
BEL
Belgium
BRA
Brazil
CAN
Canada
CHE
Switzerland
DEU
Germany
ESP
Spain
FRA
France
GBR
United Kingdom
ITA
Italy
LUX
Luxemburg
MOZ
Mozambique
NLD
Netherlands
NOR
Norway
USA
United States of America
VEN
Venezuela
10
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Directorate-General of Consular Affairs and Portuguese
Communities (DGACCP), from the Cabinet of the Secretary of State of Portuguese
Communities Abroad, for all the support provided. We wish to acknowledge the help provided
by the national statistical institutes from the following countries: Angola (Instituto Nacional
de Estatistica, INE), Brazil (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, IBGE), France
(Institut Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques, INSEE), Germany
(Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland, Destatis), Italy (Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, ISTAT),
Luxemburg (Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques du Grand-Duché
du Luxembourg, STATEC), Mozambique (Instituto Nacional de Estatística, INE), Netherlands
(Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, CBS), Spain (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, INE),
Switzerland (Office Fédéral de la Statistique, OFS), United Kingdom (Office for National
Statistics, ONS).
We are grateful for the data sent by OECD and Eurostat concerning 2011 Census.
We appreciate the data from the following institutions: Angolan Consulates in Portugal
(Lisbon and Oporto), Federal Office for Migration and Refugees of Germany (Bundesamt
für Migration und Flüchtlinge), Federal Office of Migrations of Switzerland (Office Fédéral
des Migrations), Department for Work and Pensions of UK and the Brazilian International
Migrations Observatory (Observatório das Migrações Internacionais, OBMigra).
11
Foreword
Trends in Portuguese emigration
01. Portugal is today the European Union country with the highest emigration as a proportion
of its population. There are more than two million Portuguese emigrants, meaning more than
20% of the Portuguese population lives outside the country of their birth. Over recent decades,
the growth in the number of Portuguese emigrants has been greater than the growth of the
resident population in Portugal. Around 110,000 Portuguese left the country in 2013 alone.
02. There has been constant emigration from Portugal since the Second World War, although
the rate has varied. Up until the mid-1960s, emigration was mainly intercontinental, with the
main destinations being the Americas and the former colonies in Africa. Since the mid-1960s
emigration has been mainly to Europe, although there was a brief interregnum during the
decade following the 1974 Revolution.
03. Gradually but steadily, emigration began to rise again after Portugal joined the European
Economic Community in 1986. Freedom of movement within Europe, to European Union and
EFTA member states, explains why most Portuguese emigration was increasingly focused on
Europe during this period. Not only did more than two-thirds of Portuguese emigrants settle
in this group of European countries, in 2010, so did more than 85% of the emigrants who left
Portugal that year.
04. The economic trend to stagnation and downward pressure on public investment that
followed Portugal’s entry into the Euro, led to increased emigration during the first two
decades of the 21st century. This increase was interrupted by the 2008 crisis, but it has
returned with greater intensity since 2010.
05. The effects of the crisis on the scale and pattern of Portuguese emigration have varied over
recent years. During the first phase, from 2008 to 2010, the global nature of the financial crisis
and in particular its impact on employment in Spain, then the main destination for Portuguese
emigrants, resulted in a decline in the number of Portuguese migrants. With the asymmetrical
nature of the so-called sovereign debt crisis and the recessionary effects of austerity policies,
emigration has grown faster since 2010 than before the crisis.
12
06. The main destinations during the current phase of Portuguese emigration are the United
Kingdom, Switzerland, France and Germany. Not only is the United Kingdom the main
destination for Portuguese emigrants, but it is also the most important in attracting qualified
migrants.
07. In the older emigration destinations in the Americas, there are today large and ageing
populations in decline. This is the case in Canada, the United States, Venezuela and Brazil,
although there are signs that there is a slight increase in emigration to this last one. In general,
however, the arrival of new Portuguese migrants in the Americas has declined to such an
extent that it has been unable to compensate for mortality, returns and re-emigration.
08. In those European destinations favoured by Portuguese migrants during the 1960s,
the Portuguese emigrant populations are large and ageing, but still growing. The recent return
of Portuguese migration to countries such as Germany, France and Luxembourg has been
sufficient to stabilise or even halt the decline of the resident Portuguese population in these
countries, but it has not been able to compensate for the fact they are ageing, which is largely
a result of the interruption of the flow of migrants during the years after 1974.
09. In the new destinations favoured by Portuguese emigration, the migrants are young and
their numbers are growing, although the patterns are still varied. The focus here is on three
of these countries: Switzerland, which has the longest history of intensive Portuguese
migration, dating from the mid-1980s; the United Kingdom, which is currently the main
destination for Portuguese migrants, and which is still growing rapidly; and Spain, which is
emerging from period of decline as a destination country following the 2008 financial crisis,
which was largely a result of the recession in construction that until then was the main pull
sector for unqualified labour migration.
10. The new Portuguese emigration is more qualified. However, with the data available from
the 2010-11 census it is not possible to state if the emigrants are more qualified than the
Portuguese population in general, which is also more qualified than before. Up to the date
of the last census, the growth in the proportion of the emigrant population with a university
degree had been at the same rate as the growth in the proportion of the population living in
Portugal with a university degree. Nevertheless, with the collapse in the 21st-century flow of
unqualified Portuguese emigration to Spain after 2008, and the growth in emigration to new
destinations such as the United Kingdom, it is possible that there have been as yet
unregistered changes in the structure of the qualifications held by emigrants.
13
11. The growth of emigration during recent years has already translated into changes in the
value of remittances received in Portugal. In nominal terms, this value has increased by more
than 10% a year since 2011. This year, recorded inward remittances exceeded three billion
euros, corresponding to around 1.8% of GDP. In relative terms, Portugal is now one of the
European Member states in which the economic impact of remittances is greatest. France and
Switzerland, the two main countries of Portuguese emigration, were also the source of more
than half of the remittances received in Portugal in 2013.
Methodological remarks
12. There is a basic asymmetry in international migration. The right to leave the country in
which you live is today established as a basic human freedom. However, entry into a country
of which you are not a national continues to depend on the sovereign will of the nation states.
Consequently, there is no record of exits (emigration), only of entries (immigration). Estimating
and characterising emigration from a country therefore requires gathering data on the entry
and permanence of emigrants in their country of destination. The data the Observatório
da Emigração gathers, reports and analyses is obtained from the institutes responsible for
collecting immigration statistics in each of the countries the Portuguese emigrate to.
13. The challenge of harmonising the data produced by such a large number of organisations,
the weaknesses of the statistical systems in some countries, and the international nature of
the movements studied are at the root of increasing intervention by leading international
organisations responsible for the production of databases and statistical indicators on
emigration. Consulting this data is now crucial if we are to achieve a better understanding of
the phenomenon of migration. The Factbook also brings together data and estimates about
Portuguese emigration available from sources such as Eurostat, the OECD, the World Bank and
the United Nations.
14. There is currently a consensus among international organisations on the use of place
of birth as a migration indicator: an emigrant is someone who has lived for more than a year
in a country different from the one in which they were born. However, in terms of the
statistics concerning the entry of immigrants into a country, the data generally refers to the
entry of foreigners, given that controlling the entry of foreigners is the purpose of the register.
As a rule, the Factbook uses both emigration indicators. When measuring and characterising
the emigrant Portuguese population, the indicator used whenever possible is country of birth –
people born in Portugal and living in other countries. When measuring the entry of Portuguese
14
into their destination country, the indicator generally used is that of nationality – Portuguese
citizens entering other countries.
15. The dispersion of data about Portuguese emigration, which is produced by statistics
agencies in dozens of countries, each in their own national languages, and which are often
unavailable to the public, makes it very difficult to obtain quick individual access to relevant
information. The Observatório’s main goal is to remove the difficulties and to compile and
select original data on Portuguese emigration that is available from the sources in the
destination countries, and, whenever necessary, to negotiate the collection of and access
to the data produced by these sources that remains unavailable. The Observatório then
harmonises and gathers together the data and makes it available through its website and in its
publications. The Factbook is intended to be an annual compilation of the main indicators
of Portuguese emigration resulting from this systematic endeavour, making it available in
a condensed format to all those requiring this information: in particular to researchers,
decision-makers and journalists.
16. The Factbook consists of four chapters. The first chapter provides aggregated data on total
Portuguese emigration, much of which is estimates, as well as comparative data on Portuguese
and global emigration. The second chapter contains more detailed information on the four
indicators of Portuguese emigration to the main destination countries: flows, stocks,
citizenship, and consular records. The third chapter brings together the main information
concerning remittances received in Portugal and sent from Portugal. The content of chapter
four changes each year. In this first issue, the Factbook provides a chronological series
on Portuguese emigration to all main destinations during the 21st century. Next year’s issue
will contain data from the 2000-01 and 2010-11 censuses concerning the socio-demographic
characteristics of immigrant Portuguese populations in the main destination countries.
Finally, the Factbook also contains basic information regarding the indicators and sources
consulted (metadata and glossary).
15
Highlights
Total emigration

There are more than two million Portuguese emigrants worldwide, according to estimates
by the United Nations and the World Bank (between 2.0 and 2.3 million).

Portuguese emigrants amount to more than 20% of the population living in Portugal. In relative
terms, Portugal is the European Union country with more emigration (after Malta).

Total inflow of Portuguese in destination countries exceeded 110 thousand migrants
in 2013, almost three times more than in 2001 (about 40,000).

Population in Portugal dropped by 0.5% between 2012 and 2013.

The new Portuguese emigration is more qualified than it was in the past. The share
of graduates in Portuguese immigrants in OECD countries rose by more than 50%,
from 7% in 2001 to 11% in 2011.

However, in 2010/11 over 60% of Portuguese immigrants in OECD countries were
low-skilled (primary or lower educational attainment). Emigrants from previous waves
of Portuguese emigration, less qualified than the current ones, are still more numerous
than new emigrants.

Portuguese immigrant population in OECD countries continues to age. Between 2000
and 010, the share of the elderly grew by 80%, while the percentage of immigrants aged
25-64 increased only by 10%. The contribution of the current, younger, emigration wave
is still insufficient, in most destination countries, to offset the aging of former generations
of emigrants.
Emigration to the main destination countries

Ten out of the 16 most important countries of destination of Portuguese emigration are
European. The Portuguese emigration is mainly a European emigration.

The United Kingdom is the main destination of Portuguese emigration: 30,000 inflows in
2013. Between 2012 and 2013, the number of Portuguese inflows in the UK rose by 47%.

In 2013 Switzerland, France, and Germany ranked second, third, and fourth with inflows
of Portuguese emigration of respectively 20 thousand, 18 thousand, and 11 thousand.
16

Outside Europe, the main destination countries of Portuguese emigration are in Africa
and speak Portuguese: Angola (ranked 5th) and Mozambique (ranked 7th).

In 2013 the Portuguese were the nationality most represented among the new immigrants
in Luxembourg and France. In Switzerland they were the second most represented
nationality and in the United Kingdom and Brazil the fifth.

With more than half million persons born in Portugal living in France (592,281 in 2011),
this is the single most important country of destination of Portuguese emigration.

Switzerland is the second country with more Portuguese-born migrants, over 200 thousand
persons (211,451 in 2013).

About a quarter (23%) of all immigrants living in Brazil in 2010 were Portuguese.
In Luxembourg, 30% of all immigrants in 2011 were Portuguese.

Portuguese-born is the second most numerous immigrant population in Switzerland
(9% of all immigrants) and the third in France (11% of all immigrants).

In 2013, the two countries with the highest growth of the stock of migrants born
in Portugal were Norway (+ 26%) and the UK (+ 19%).

Portuguese were more than a fifth (22%) of the foreigners that acquired Luxembourg
citizenship in 2013.
Remittances

In 2013, recorded inward remittance exceeded three thousand million euros,
corresponding to around 1.8% of GDP.

France and Switzerland, the two main countries of destination of Portuguese emigration,
were the source of more than half of the remittances received in Portugal (respectively,
30% and 25%).

Brazil was the destination for nearly half (46%) of remittances sent abroad by immigrants
living in Portugal.

Between 2012 and 2013, remittances received in Portugal rose by 10% in nominal terms
and 9% as a percentage of GDP.

In 2012, Portugal ranked 29th among the top recipient countries of recorded remittances.
17
Changes in emigration to top destination countries, 2001-2013

Between 2003 and 2013, Portuguese inflows increased in all main destination countries.
Major changes were registered in Norway (+31%), Brazil (+22%), Belgium (+10%)
and United Kingdom (+9%).

After 2008, with the crisis, there was a large decrease of Portuguese inflows in Spain
(-21%) and sharper increases of inflows in Brazil (+34%), Norway (+ 25%), Germany (+22%)
and the United Kingdom (18%).

Between 2003 and 2013, the largest increases in the stock of Portuguese-born immigrants
were registered in Norway (+ 11%), Spain (+ 7%), Switzerland (+ 6%) and the United
Kingdom (+ 5%). Sharper decreases were registered in Brazil (-5%) and Venezuela (-4%).

Between 2003 and 2013, the largest increases in the number of Portuguese emigrants
that acquired the citizenship of the host countries were registered in Luxembourg (+ 22%),
Spain (+ 9%), Switzerland (+ 7%) and Germany (+ 5%). Sharper decreases were registered
in France (-9%), Canada (-8%), The Netherlands (-6%) and the United States (-3%).
18
1 | Total emigration
www.observatorioemigracao.pt/np4/4093
[OEm_Factbook_2014_TablesCharts01]
19
20
Country statistical profile
Table 1.1
Main social indicators: international comparison
Top three countries of destination of
Portuguese emigration (outflows)
Indicators
Top three countries of origin
of immigration in Portugal (inflows)
Portugal
United
Kingdom
Surface area (1000 km2, 2013)
Switzerland
Germany
Brazil
Cabo
Verde
Romania
91.6
241.9
39.5
348.5
8,358.1
4.0
230.0
10.5
64.1
8.1
80.6
200.4
0.5
20.0
114.2
264.9
204.5
231.3
24.0
123.8
86.8
Urban population (% of total)
62.3
82.1
73.8
74.9
85.2
64.1
54.2
Population growth (annual %, 2013)
-0.5
0.6
1.1
0.2
0.9
0.9
-0.6
Population ages 0-14 (% of total, 2013)
14.8
17.6
14.8
13.1
24.1
29.5
15.1
Population ages 65 and above (% of total, 2013)
18.8
17.5
17.7
21.1
7.5
5.3
15.1
Population (millions, 2013)
Population density (people per
km2,
2012)
Fertility rate, total (births per woman, 2012)
1.3
1.9
1.5
1.4
1.8
2.3
1.5
Labour force, total (millions, 2013)
5.5
32.6
4.6
41.8
104.7
0.2
9.6
Labour force with tertiary education (% of total, 2011)
18.3
36.7
32.9
27.5
17.2
..
17.2
Unemployment, total (% of total labour force, ILO estimate, 2012)
15.6
7.9
4.2
5.4
6.9
7.6
7.0
Long-term unemployment (% of total unemployment, 2012)
48.7
34.7
34.7
45.2
14.6
..
45.3
Unemployment, youth (ages 15-24, ILO estimate, 2012)
37.7
21.3
8.4
8.1
15.5
12.8
22.8
220.0
2,521.4
650.4
3,634.8
2,245.7
1.9
189.6
GDP growth (annual %, 2013)
-1.4
1.7
1.9
0.4
2.5
0.5
3.5
GDP per capita (current US$, thousands, 2013)
GDP (current US$, billions, 2013)
21.0
39.3
80.5
45.1
11.2
3.8
9.5
Infant mortality rate (deaths per 1000 live births, 2013)
3.1
3.9
3.6
3.2
12.3
21.9
10.5
Mean years of schooling (2012)
8.2
12.3
12.2
12.9
7.2
3.5
10.7
HDI score (2013)
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.7
0.6
0.8
41.0
14.0
3.0
6.0
79.0
123.0
54.0
HDI ranking (2013)
Note Top three countries of emigration and immigration with available data for, at least, the last three years.
Source Table by OEm, data from the World Bank, DataBank, World Development Indicators, updated 11/06/2014, and the
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), 2014 Human Development Report (for mean years of schooling, HDI score and
HDI ranking).
21
Table 1.2
Main migration indicators: international comparison
Top three countries of destination of
Portuguese emigration (outflows)
Indicators
Portugal
United
Kingdom
Stock of emigrants (thousands, 2010)
Top three countries of origin
of immigration in Portugal (inflows)
Switzerland
Germany
Brazil
Cabo
Verde
Romania
2,230.0
4,668.3
407.8
3,540.6
1,367.1
192.5
2,769.4
Stock of emigrants as percentage of population (2010)
20.8
7.5
5.4
4.3
0.7
37.5
13.1
Emigration rate of tertiary-educated population (age of entry >
22, %, 2000)
13.1
11.7
6.6
3.2
1.9
55.5
10.2
918.6
6,955.7
1,762.8
10,758.1
688.0
12.1
132.8
8.6
11.2
23.2
13.1
0.4
2.4
0.6
4,372.4
1,711.9
3,148.9
15,204.4
2,537.2
175.9
3,515.0
Stock of immigrants (thousands, 2010)
Stock of immigrants as percentage of population (2010)
Inward remittance flows (current US$, million, 2013)
Inward remittance flows as a percentage of GDP (2013)
Outward remittance flows (current US$, million, 2013)
2.0
0.1
0.5
0.4
0.1
9.3
1.9
1,230.9
2,221.9
30,109.0
16,700.6
1,019.4
9.7
543.0
Note Top three countries of emigration and immigration with available data for, at least, the last three years.
Source Table by OEm, data from the World Bank: Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011, second edition (stocks of emigrants
and of immigrants); Migration Database with Age of Entry, 1900-2000 (emigration rate of tertiary-educated population);
DataBank, World Development Indicators, updated 11/06/2014 (remittance flows).
22
Estimates of total emigration
Table 1.3
Permanent outflows of Portuguese emigrants: the historical background
By destination
By legal status
Year
Total
1901
20,646
18,426
207
2,013
3,097
17,549
1902
24,170
21,916
290
1,964
3,626
20,544
1903
21,611
19,339
320
1,952
3,242
18,369
1904
28,304
25,963
379
1,962
4,246
24,058
1905
33,610
31,227
292
2,091
5,042
28,568
1906
38,093
34,094
369
3,630
5,714
32,379
1907
41,950
40,152
106
1,692
6,293
35,657
1908
40,995
40,046
83
866
6,022
34,973
1909
37,451
37,295
67
89
5,733
31,718
1910
39,675
39,359
48
268
5,927
33,748
1911
59,549
59,150
253
146
4,176
55,373
1912
88,834
88,383
329
122
6,225
82,609
1913
77,425
77,015
407
3
5,435
71,990
1914
25,730
25,576
114
40
1,801
23,929
1915
19,314
18,830
390
94
1,352
17,962
1916
24,897
21,662
2,292
943
1,743
23,154
1917
15,825
11,593
3,381
851
1,108
14,717
1918
11,853
7,663
3,219
971
830
11,023
1919
37,138
26,883
7,989
2,266
2,600
34,538
1920
64,783
58,618
5,008
1,157
4,535
60,248
1921
24,597
18,387
5,167
1,043
1,722
22,875
1922
39,795
30,536
8,488
771
2,786
37,009
1923
40,171
28,395
11,195
581
2,812
37,359
1924
29,710
17,294
12,003
413
2,080
27,630
1925
22,884
15,697
6,818
369
1,602
21,282
1926
42,067
34,538
7,087
442
2,945
39,122
1927
27,674
24,375
3,073
226
1,937
25,737
1928
34,297
32,084
2,013
200
2,401
31,896
1929
40,361
35,898
4,122
341
2,825
37,536
1930
23,196
15,805
7,014
377
1,624
21,572
1931
6,033
4,055
1,328
650
..
6,033
1932
5,909
5,151
557
201
..
5,909
1933
8,905
7,872
720
313
..
8,905
America
Europe
Other
Clandestine
Legal
[to be continued]
23
By destination
Year
Total
America
Europe
By legal status
Other
Clandestine
Legal
1934
7,472
6,491
623
358
..
7,472
1935
9,140
8,228
434
478
..
9,140
1936
12,484
12,024
..
460
..
12,484
1937
14,667
13,505
..
1,162
..
14,667
1938
13,609
11,290
..
2,319
..
13,609
1939
17,807
17,466
..
341
..
17,807
1940
13,226
13,013
..
213
..
13,226
1941
6,260
6,191
..
69
..
6,260
1942
2,214
2,108
..
106
..
2,214
1943
893
660
..
233
..
893
1944
2,424
2,168
..
256
..
2,424
1945
5,938
5,728
..
210
..
5,938
1946
8,275
8,123
..
152
..
8,275
1947
12,838
12,128
..
710
..
12,838
1948
12,343
11,474
..
869
..
12,343
1949
17,296
15,647
..
1,649
..
17,296
1950
21,892
21,491
401
..
..
21,892
1951
34,015
33,341
674
..
351
33,664
1952
47,407
46,544
863
..
389
47,018
1953
39,962
39,026
936
..
276
39,686
1954
41,190
40,234
956
..
179
41,011
1955
30,147
28,690
1,457
..
351
29,796
1956
28,096
26,072
2,024
..
1,079
27,017
1957
33,894
32,150
1,744
..
1,538
32,356
1958
35,600
29,207
6,393
..
1,570
34,030
1959
34,754
29,780
4,974
..
1,296
33,458
1960
35,159
28,513
6,646
..
2,841
32,318
1961
38,572
27,499
11,073
..
5,046
33,526
1962
43,002
24,376
18,626
..
9,463
33,539
1963
55,218
22,420
32,798
..
17,389
37,829
1964
75,576
17,232
58,344
..
32,256
43,320
1965
91,488
17,557
73,931
..
28,736
62,752
1966
111,995
33,266
78,729
..
20,388
91,607
1967
94,712
28,584
66,128
..
16,197
78,515
1968
96,227
27,014
69,213
..
27,246
68,981
1969
155,672
27,383
128,289
..
85,507
70,165
1970
183,205
22,659
160,546
..
116,845
66,360
1971
158,473
21,962
136,511
..
108,073
50,400
1972
115,545
20,122
95,423
..
61,461
54,084
1973
129,732
22,091
107,641
..
50,215
79,517
Source Table by OEm, data from Maria Ioannis Baganha and José Carlos Marques (2001), “População”, in Nuno Valério (ed.)
(2001), Estatísticas Históricas Portuguesas, vol. I, Lisbon, Instituto Nacional de Estatística, pp. 33-126.
24
Chart 1.1
Permanent outflows of Portuguese emigrants: the historical background
200,000
180,000
160,000
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
America
Europe
1973
1971
1969
1967
1965
1963
1961
1959
1957
1955
1953
1951
1949
1947
1945
1943
1941
1939
1937
1935
1933
1931
1929
1927
1925
1923
1921
1919
1917
1915
1913
1911
1909
1907
1905
1903
1901
0
Other
Source Chart by OEm, data from Maria Ioannis Baganha and José Carlos Marques (2001), “População”, in Nuno Valério (ed.)
(2001), Estatísticas Históricas Portuguesas, vol. I, Lisbon, Instituto Nacional de Estatística, pp. 33-126.
25
Table 1.4
Estimates of the outflows of Portuguese emigrants, 2001-2013
Source
Instituto Nacional de Estatística (National Institute of Statistics)
[A]
Year
Total
Permanent
OEm
[B]
Temporary
2001
20,223
5,396
14,827
40,000
2002
27,358
8,813
18,545
50,000
2003
27,008
6,687
20,321
60,000
2004
..
6,757
..
70,000
2005
..
6,360
..
75,000
2006
..
5,600
..
80,000
2007
..
7,890
..
90,000
2008
..
20,357
..
85,000
2009
..
16,899
..
75,000
2010
..
2,376
..
70,000
2011
100,978
43,998
56,980
80,000
2012
121,418
51,958
69,460
95,000
2013
128,108
53,786
74,322
110,000
Source Table by OEm, data from: [A] Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), Migratory Exit Movement Survey (1992 until 2007)
and Annual Estimates of Emigration (as from 2008), based on the Portuguese Labour Force Survey data, in Pordata, Contemporary
Portugal Database; [B] OEm estimates based on destination countries permanent inflows data.
Chart 1.2
OEm estimates of the outflows of Portuguese emigrants, 2001-2013
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from OEm, estimates based on destination countries permanent inflows data.
26
Table 1.5
UN estimates of the stock of Portuguese-born emigrants, 1990-2013
Total
Europe
America
Others
Year
N
Percentage
N
Percentage
N
Percentage
N
Percentage
1990
1,918,681
100.0
1,091,746
56.9
768,251
40.0
58,684
3.1
2000
1,988,941
100.0
1,274,812
64.1
656,854
33.0
57,275
2.9
2010
1,869,415
100.0
1,254,706
67.1
529,087
28.3
85,622
4.6
2013
1,984,230
100.0
1,343,051
67.7
544,201
27.4
96,978
4.9
Source Table by OEm, data from United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013), Trends
in International Migrant Stock: Migrants by Destination and Origin (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2013).
Chart 1.3
UN estimates of the stock of Portuguese-born emigrants in Europe, in
percentage of total Portuguese-born emigrants, 1990-2013
70.0
65.0
60.0
55.0
50.0
1990
2000
2010
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013), Trends
in International Migrant Stock: Migrants by Destination and Origin (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2013).
27
Table 1.6
2000/2001 and 2010/11
Country
2000/2001
2010/2011
Change
859,013
1,131,965
272,952
Belgium
21,370
..
..
Bulgaria
13
..
..
Czech Republic
39
368
329
Denmark
683
1,221
538
Germany
..
75,110
..
Estonia
0
39
39
Ireland
590
2,246
1,656
Greece
292
336
44
Total
Spain
56,359
98,975
42,616
France
581,062
617,235
36,173
Croatia
..
..
..
4,158
5,241
1,083
Cyprus
33
166
133
Latvia
1
32
31
Lithuania
3
..
..
41,690
60,897
19,207
28
290
262
..
57
..
10,218
..
..
950
1,634
684
Italy
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Austria
Poland
60
222
162
Romania
116
1,016
900
Slovenia
10
39
29
Slovakia
4
33
29
Finland
141
355
214
Sweden
2,514
2,974
460
36,556
92,065
55,509
Iceland
104
416
312
Liechtenstein
331
..
..
Norway
713
1,540
827
100,975
169,458
68,483
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Note Low reliability of data on France for 2010.
Source Table by OEm, data from Eurostat, based on member states census data, 2000/2001 and 2010/2011.
28
Map 1.1
Stock of Portuguese-born emigrants in EU and EFTA countries, 2010/11
Source Map by OEm, data from Eurostat, based on member states census data, 2010/2011.
Chart 1.4
Major changes in the stock of Portuguese-born emigrants in EU and EFTA
countries, 2000/2001 to 2010/11
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Spain
France
Luxembourg
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
Source Chart by OEm, data from Eurostat, based on member states census data, 2000-2001 and 2010/2011.
29
Table 1.7
Stock of Portuguese-born emigrants in OECD countries by age group and
educational attainment, 2000/2001 and 2010/11
2001
2011
Indicator
Thousands
%
Thousands
%
1,193
100.0
1,474
100.0
15-24
82
6.9
93
6.3
25-64
991
83.1
1,163
78.9
65+
120
10.0
218
14.8
Low
799
69.3
895
61.8
Medium
276
24.0
394
27.2
High
78
6.8
160
11.0
Unknown
40
..
26
..
Total
Age group
Educational attainment
Source Table by OEm, data from OECD, Database on Immigrants in OECD Countries, DIOC 2000-2001 and DIOC 2010-2011.
30
Chart 1.5
Stock of Portuguese-born emigrants in OECD countries by age group and
educational attainment, 2000/2001 and 2010/11
Age group
100%
80%
60%
65+
25-64
40%
15-24
20%
0%
2001
2011
Educational attainment
100%
80%
60%
High
Medium
40%
Low
20%
0%
2001
2011
Source Chart by OEm, data from OECD, Database on Immigrants in OECD Countries, DIOC 2000-2001 and DIOC 2010-2011.
31
International comparison
Table 1.8
Ranking
Emigrants by country of origin, 2010
Top countries of origin
Emigrants, millions
1
Mexico
11.9
2
India
11.4
3
Russian Federation
11.1
4
China
8.3
5
Ukraine
6.6
6
Bangladesh
5.4
7
Pakistan
4.7
8
United Kingdom
4.7
9
Philippines
4.3
10
Turkey
4.3
11
Egypt, Arab Rep.
3.7
12
Kazakhstan
3.7
13
Germany
3.5
14
Italy
3.5
15
Poland
3.1
16
Morocco
3.0
17
State of Palestine
3.0
18
Romania
2.8
19
Indonesia
2.5
20
United States
2.4
21
Afghanistan
2.3
22
Portugal
2.2
23
Vietnam
2.2
24
Colombia
2.1
25
Korea, Republic of
2.1
26
Uzbekistan
2.0
27
Sri Lanka
1.8
28
Belarus
1.8
29
France
1.7
30
Puerto Rico
1.7
Source Table by OEm, data from the World Bank, Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011, second edition.
32
Chart 1.6
Emigrants by country of origin, 2010
Mexico
India
Russian Federation
China
Ukraine
Bangladesh
Pakistan
United Kingdom
Philippines
Turkey
Egypt, Arab Rep.
Kazakhstan
Germany
Italy
Poland
Morocco
State of Palestine
Romania
Indonesia
United States
Afghanistan
Portugal
Vietnam
Colombia
Korea, Republic of
Uzbekistan
Sri Lanka
Belarus
France
Puerto Rico
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
Emigrants, millions
Source Chart by OEm, data from the World Bank, Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011, second edition.
33
Table 1.9
Country
Austria
Emigration and immigration rates in EU countries, 2010
Emigration rate
Immigration rate
7.1
15.6
Belgium
4.3
13.7
Bulgaria
16.0
1.4
Cyprus
17.0
17.5
3.6
4.4
Czech Republic
Denmark
4.7
8.8
Estonia
12.7
13.6
Finland
6.2
4.2
France
2.8
10.7
Germany
4.3
13.1
Greece
10.8
10.1
Hungary
4.6
3.7
Ireland
16.1
19.6
Italy
5.8
7.4
Latvia
12.2
8.8
Lithuania
13.5
4.0
Luxembourg
11.8
35.2
Malta
26.2
3.8
Netherlands
6.0
10.5
Poland
8.2
2.2
Portugal
20.8
8.6
Romania
13.1
0.6
Slovakia
9.6
2.4
Slovenia
6.5
8.1
Spain
3.0
15.2
Sweden
3.4
14.1
United Kingdom
7.5
11.2
Source Table by OEm, data from the World Bank, Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011, second edition.
34
Chart 1.7
Emigration and immigration rates in EU countries, 2010
25
Ireland
20
Austria
Immigration rate in percentage
Spain
15
Sweden
Estonia
Belgium
Germany
United Kingdom
France
Netherlands
Greece
10
Denmark
Latvia
Portugal
Slovenia
Italy
Czech Republic
5
Finland
Hungary
Lithuania
Poland Slovakia
Bulgaria
Romania
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
Emigration rate in percentage
Note Only countries with more than one million inhabitants.
Source Chart by OEm, data from the World Bank, Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011, second edition.
35
36
2 | Emigration to top destination
countries
37
38
Summary
Table 2.1
Main indicators of Portuguese emigration to top destination countries, 2013
or last year available
Country
Portuguese permanent
inflows
Stock of migrants born
in Portugal
Population with
Portuguese citizenship
Acquisition of
citizenship by
Portuguese
Stock of registrations
in Portuguese
consulates
Angola
4,651
..
..
..
115,595
Belgium
4,227
31,564
38,813
211
53,977
Brazil
2,913
137,973
..
..
581,869
Canada
629
140,310
23,765
607
151,087
France
18,000
592,281
501,810
3,887
1,243,419
Germany
11,401
104,084
127,368
510
171,933
446
4,740
5,517
20
2,337
Luxemburg
4,590
60,897
88,200
982
103,009
Mozambique
3,759
3,767
4,279
..
24,871
Netherlands
2,079
15,486
17,266
38
46,517
815
1,967
2,432
12
4,400
Italy
Norway
Spain
5,302
134,248
129,079
1,265
48,653
Switzerland
20,039
211,451
253,227
2,184
294,925
United Kingdom
30,121
107,000
136,000
628
257,000
918
158,002
54,669
1,585
198,781
..
37,326
..
..
300,000
United States
Venezuela
Note [AGO] Permanente inflows: data from visas concerning permanent emigration. [BEL] Permanent inflows: 2012. [BRA] Migrants born in
Portugal: 2010. [CAN] Migrants born in Portugal and population with Portuguese citizenship: 2011. Acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese and
registrations in Portuguese consulates: 2012. [FRA] Permanent inflows: 2012. Migrants born in Portugal: 2011. Population with Portuguese
citizenship: 2011. [ITA] Permanent inflows: 2012. Registrations in Portuguese consulates: 2010. [LUX] Migrants born in Portugal: 2011.
[MOZ] Migrants born in Portugal and population with Portuguese citizenship: 2007. [USA] Population with Portuguese citizenship: 2012.
[VEN] Migrants born in Portugal: 2011.
Source Table by OEm, source data detailed in following pages. Entities: Consulado-Geral da República de Angola em Lisboa and
Consulado-Geral da República de Angola no Porto, Portugal; Direção-Geral dos Assuntos Consulares e das Comunidades
Portuguesas, Portugal (DGACCP); OCDE; Eurostat; Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, Brazil; IMILA, Investigación Migración
Internacional de Latinoamérica; Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; Citizenship and Immigration Canada; Institut
Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques, France; Ministère de L’intérieure, France; Instituto Nacional de Estatística,
Mozambique; Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, Italia; Le Portail des Statistiques du
Luxembourg; Ministère de la Justice, Luxembourg; Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, Netherlands; Statistics Norway; INE España;
Observatorio Permanente de la Immigración, España; Office Fédéral de la Statistique, Switzerland; Department for Work and
Pensions, UK; UK Office for National Statistics, Annual Population Survey (APS) /Labour Force Survey (LFS); Government UK, Home
Office; US Department of Homeland Security; Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Venezuela.
39
Map 2.1
Portuguese permanent inflows in top destination countries, 2013 or last year
available
Note [AGO] Data from visas concerning permanent emigration. [BEL] 2012. [FRA] 2012. [ITA] 2012. [VEN] 2011.
Source Map by OEm, data from: [AGO] Consulates of Angola in Portugal (Lisbon and Oporto); [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database,
Population and Social Conditions; [BRA] Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego; [CAN] Citizenship and Immigration Canada; [DEU]
Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [FRA] Institut Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques; [ITA] Eurostat, Statistics
Database, Population and Social Conditions; [LUX] Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg; [MOZ] Direção Geral dos Assuntos
Consulares e Comunidades Portuguesas (DGACCP) based on data from Mozambique Ministry of Labor; [NLD] Centraal Bureau voor
de Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Instituto Nacional de Estadística; [CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique; [GBR]
Department for Work and Pensions; [USA] US Department of Homeland Security; [VEN] Instituto Nacional de Estadística.
40
Map 2.2
Stock of migrants born in Portugal in top destination countries, 2013 or last year
available
Note [BRA] 2010. [CAN] 2011. [FRA] 2011. [LUX] 2011. [MOZ] 2007. [VEN] 2011.
Source Map by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [BRA] Instituto Brasileiro
de Geografia e Estatística, Censos 2010; [CAN] Statistics Canada; [FRA] Institut Nacional de la Statistique et des Études
Économiques; [DEU] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [LUX] Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg; [MOZ] Instituto
Nacional de Estatística; [NLD] Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Instituto Nacional de Estadística;
[CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique; [GBR] UK National Statistics; [USA] US Census Bureau, Current Population Survey;
[VEN] Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Censos de Población e Vivienda.
41
Inflows
Table 2.2
available
Portuguese inflows
Country
Total inflows
As a percentage
of total inflows
N
Angola
Ranking in
total inflows
..
4,651
..
..
109,995
4,227
3.8
..
62,387
2,913
4.7
5th
Canada
258,953
629
0.2
..
France
229,600
18,000
7.8
1st
Germany
932,920
11,401
1.2
..
Italy
350,772
446
0.1
..
21,098
4,590
21.8
1st
Mozambique
..
3,759
..
..
Netherlands
137,160
2,079
1.5
..
66,934
815
1.2
..
Spain
342,390
5,302
1.5
..
Switzerland
167,248
20,039
12.0
2nd
United Kingdom
617,236
30,121
4.9
5th
United States
990,553
918
0.1
..
Venezuela
287,499
..
..
..
Belgium
Brazil
Luxemburg
Norway
Note [AGO] Data from visas concerning permanent emigration. [BEL] 2012. [FRA] 2012. [ITA] 2012. [VEN] 2011.
Source Table by OEm, data from: [AGO] Consulates of Angola in Portugal (Lisbon and Oporto); [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database,
Department for Work and Pensions; [USA] US Department of Homeland Security; [VEN] Instituto Nacional de Estadística.
42
Chart 2.1
available
United Kingdom
Switzerland
France
Germany
Spain
Angola
Luxemburg
Belgium
Mozambique
Brazil
Netherlands
United States
Norway
Canada
Italy
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
Note [AGO] Data from visas concerning permanent emigration. [BEL] 2012. [FRA] 2012. [ITA] 2012.
Source Chart by OEm, data from: [AGO] Consulates of Angola in Portugal (Lisbon and Oporto); [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database,
Department for Work and Pensions; [USA] US Department of Homeland Security.
43
Chart 2.2
Portuguese permanent inflows as a percentage of all permanent inflows in top
destination countries, 2013 or last year available
Luxemburg
Switzerland
France
United Kingdom
Brazil
Belgium
Spain
Netherlands
Germany
Norway
Canada
Italy
United States
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
Note [BEL] 2012. [FRA] 2012. [ITA] 2012.
Source Chart by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [BRA] Ministério do
Trabalho e Emprego; [CAN] Citizenship and Immigration Canada; [DEU] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [FRA] Institut
Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques; [ITA] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [LUX]
Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg; [NLD] Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Instituto
Nacional de Estadística; [CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique; [GBR] Department for Work and Pensions; [USA] US Department of
Homeland Security.
44
Table 2.3
Change in Portuguese permanent inflows in top destination countries,
2012-2013 or last two years available
Total inflows
Country
2012
Angola
Belgium
Brazil
Portuguese inflows
Change
in percentage
2013
2012
Change
in percentage
2013
..
..
..
..
4,651
..
117,948
109,995
-6.7
3,140
4,227
34.6
73,022
62,387
-14.6
2,247
2,913
29.6
Canada
257,895
258,953
0.4
560
629
12.3
France
216,640
229,600
6.0
..
18,000
..
Germany
755,318
932,920
23.5
9,054
11,401
25.9
Italy
385,793
350,772
-9.1
452
446
-1.3
20,478
21,098
3.0
5,193
4,590
-11.6
Mozambique
..
..
..
2,597
3,759
44.7
Netherlands
130,698
137,160
4.9
2,051
2,079
1.4
Luxemburg
Norway
70,012
66,934
-4.4
582
815
40.0
Spain
336,110
342,390
1.9
6,201
5,302
-14.5
Switzerland
151,002
167,248
10.8
18,892
20,039
6.1
United Kingdom
518,954
617,236
18.9
20,443
30,121
47.3
1,031,631
990,553
-4.0
811
918
13.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
United States
Venezuela
Note [AGO] Data from visas concerning permanent emigration. [BEL] 2011 and 2012. [FRA] 2011 and 2012. [ITA] 2011 and 2012.
Source Table by OEm, data from: [AGO] Consulates of Angola in Portugal (Lisbon and Oporto); [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database,
Population and Social Conditions; [BRA] Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego; [CAN] Citizenship and Immigration Canada; [FRA]
Institut National Etudes Démographiques; [DEU] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [ITA] Eurostat, Statistics Database,
Population and Social Conditions; [LUX] Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg; [MOZ] Direção Geral dos Assuntos Consulares e
Comunidades Portuguesas (DGACCP), based on data from Mozambique Ministry of Labor; [NLD] Centraal Bureau voor de
Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Instituto Nacional de Estadística; [CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique; [GBR]
Department for Work and Pensions; [USA] US Department of Homeland Security.
45
Stocks
Table 2.4
available
All foreign-born migrants
Country
Total population
As a percentage
of total
population
N
Angola
Belgium
Migrants born in Portugal
..
..
..
As a percentage
of total
population
N
..
..
As a percentage
of all foreignborn
..
Ranking in
foreign-born
population
..
11,099,554
1,747,641
15.7
31,564
0.3
1.8
..
190,755,799
592,570
0.3
137,973
0.1
23.3
1st
Canada
32,852,325
7,217,295
22.0
140,310
0.4
1.9
..
France
64.933.400
5,605,167
8.7
592,281
0.9
10.6
3rd
Germany
80,716,000
6,402,828
7.9
104,084
0.1
1.6
..
Italy
59,685,227
4,387,721
7.4
7,023
0.0
0.2
..
512,400
205,162
40.0
60,897
11.9
29.7
1st
Mozambique
20,252,223
342,117
1.7
3,767
0.0
1.1
..
Netherlands
16,779,575
1,793,189
10.7
15,486
0.1
0.9
..
5,051,275
593,322
11.7
1,967
0.0
0.3
..
47,129,783
6,640,536
14.1
134,248
0.3
2.0
..
8,139,631
2,289,560
28.1
211,451
2.6
9.2
2nd
Brazil
Luxemburg
Norway
Spain
Switzerland
United Kingdom
United States
Venezuela
62,605,000
7,780,000
12.4
107,000
0.2
1.4
..
310,817,022
43,960,023
14.1
158,002
0.1
0.4
..
27,150,095
1,156,578
4.3
37,326
0.1
3.2
..
Note [BRA] 2010. [CAN] 2011. [FRA] 2011. [ITA] 2012. [LUX] 2011. [MOZ] 2007. [VEN] 2011.
Source Table by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [BRA] Instituto Brasileiro
Économiques; [DEU] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [ITA] OECD, International Migration Database; [LUX] Le Portail des
Statistiques du Luxembourg; [MOZ] Instituto Nacional de Estatística; [NLD] Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics
Norway; [ESP] Instituto Nacional de Estadística; [CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique; [GBR] UK National Statistics; [USA] US
Census Bureau, Current Population Survey; [VEN] Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Censos de Población e Vivienda.
46
Chart 2.3
available
France
Switzerland
United States
Canada
Brazil
Spain
United Kingdom
Germany
Luxemburg
Venezuela
Belgium
Netherlands
Italy
Mozambique
Norway
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
Source Chart by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [BRA] Instituto Brasileiro
47
Chart 2.4
Stock of migrants born in Portugal as a percentage
of all foreign-born in top destination countries, 2013 or last year available
Luxemburg
Brazil
France
Switzerland
Venezuela
Spain
Canada
Belgium
Germany
United Kingdom
Mozambique
Netherlands
United States
Norway
Italy
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
Source Chart by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [BRA] Instituto Brasileiro
48
Table 2.5
Change in the stock of migrants born in Portugal in top destination countries,
Country
2012
Angola
Change
in percentage
2013
2012
Change
in percentage
2013
..
..
..
..
..
..
1,689,526
1,747,641
3.4
31,560
31,564
0.0
Brazil
..
..
..
..
..
..
Canada
..
..
..
..
..
..
France
5,514,154
5,605,167
1.7
588,276
592,281
0.7
Germany
5,975,210
6,402,828
7.2
97,445
104,084
6.8
Italy
Belgium
4,052,081
4,387,721
8.3
4,226
4,740
12.2
Luxemburg
..
..
..
..
..
..
Mozambique
..
..
..
..
..
..
Netherlands
1,772,204
1,793,189
1.2
14,868
15,486
4.2
Norway
546,732
593,322
8.5
1,557
1,967
26.3
Spain
6,759,780
6,640,536
-1.8
143,488
134,248
-6.4
Switzerland
2,218,445
2,289,560
3.2
199,209
211,451
6.1
United Kingdom
7,679,000
7,780,000
1.3
90,000
107,000
18.9
44,056,641
43,960,023
-0.2
166,582
158,002
-5.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
United States
Venezuela
Note [FRA] 2009 and 2010.
Source Table by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [FRA] Institut Nacional de
la Statistique et des Études Économiques; [DEU] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [NLD] Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek;
[NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Instituto Nacional de Estadística; [CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique; [GBR] UK National Statistics;
[USA] US Census Bureau, Current Population Survey.
49
Citizenship
Table 2.6
Population with Portuguese citizenship in top destination countries, 2013 or last
year available
All foreigners
Country
Total population
As a percentage of
total population
N
Angola
Foreigners with Portuguese citizenship
As a percentage
of total population
N
As a percentage
of all foreigners
..
..
..
..
..
..
11,099,554
1,253,902
11.3
38,813
0.3
3.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
Canada
32,852,325
1,957,015
6.0
23,765
0.1
1.2
France
64,933,400
3,888,977
6.0
501,810
0.8
12.9
Germany
80,716,000
7,633,628
9.5
127,368
0.2
1.7
Italy
59,685,227
4,387,721
7.4
5,517
0.0
0.1
537,000
238,800
44.5
88,200
16.4
36.9
Mozambique
20,252,223
205,906
1.0
4,279
0.0
2.1
Netherlands
16,779,575
796,243
4.7
17,266
0.1
2.2
5,051,275
448,765
8.9
2,432
0.0
0.5
47,129,783
5,546,238
11.8
129,079
0.3
2.3
Belgium
Brazil
Luxemburg
Norway
Spain
Switzerland
United Kingdom
United States
Venezuela
8,139,631
1,937,447
23.8
253,227
3.1
13.1
62,605,000
4,902,000
7.8
136,000
0.2
2.8
308,827,259
22,041,983
7.1
54,669
0.0
0.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
Note [CAN] 2011. [FRA] 2010. [MOZ] 2007. [USA] 2012.
Source Table by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [CAN] Statistics Canada;
[FRA] Institut Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques; [DEU] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [ITA] Istituto
Nazionale di Statistica; [LUX] Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg; [MOZ] Instituto Nacional de Estatística; [NLD] Centraal
Bureau voor de Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Instituto Nacional de Estadística; [CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique;
[GBR] UK National Statistics; [USA] US Census Bureau, American Community Survey.
50
Chart 2.5
Population with Portuguese citizenship in top destination countries, 2013 or last
year available
France
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Spain
Germany
Luxemburg
United States
Belgium
Canada
Netherlands
Italy
Mozambique
Norway
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
Note [CAN] 2006. [FRA] 2010. [MOZ] 2007. [USA] 2012.
Source Chart by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [CAN] Statistics Canada;
[FRA] Institut Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques; [DEU] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [ITA] Istituto
Nazionale di Statistica; [LUX] Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg; [MOZ] Instituto Nacional de Estatística; [NLD] Centraal
Bureau voor de Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Instituto Nacional de Estadística; [CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique;
[GBR] UK National Statistics; [USA] US Census Bureau, American Community Survey.
51
Table 2.7
Change in the population with Portuguese citizenship in top destination
countries, 2012-2013 or last two years available
All foreigners
Country
2012
Angola
Foreigners with Portuguese citizenship
Change
in percentage
2013
2012
Change
in percentage
2013
..
..
..
..
..
..
1,224,904
1,253,902
2.4
36,082
38,813
7.6
Brazil
..
..
..
..
..
..
Canada
..
..
..
..
..
..
France
3,817,562
3,888,977
1.9
495,454
501,810
1.3
Germany
7,213,708
7,633,628
5.8
120,560
127,368
5.6
Italy
4,052,081
4,387,721
8.3
4,740
5,517
16.4
229,900
238,800
3.9
85,300
88,200
3.4
Mozambique
..
..
..
..
..
..
Netherlands
786,057
796,243
1.3
16,430
17,266
5.1
Belgium
Luxemburg
Norway
407,262
448,765
10.2
1,902
2,432
27.9
Spain
5,736,258
5,546,238
-3.3
138,682
129,079
-6.9
Switzerland
1,869,969
1,937,447
3.6
237,945
253,227
6.4
United Kingdom
4,852,000
4,903,000
1.0
111,000
136,000
22.5
22,041,983
21,906,231
-0.6
54,669
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
United States
Venezuela
Note [FRA] 2010 and 2011.
Source Table by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [FRA] Institut Nacional de la
Statistique et des Études Économiques; [DEU] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [ITA] Istituto Nazionale di Statistica; [LUX] Le Portail des
Statistiques du Luxembourg; [NLD] Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Instituto Nacional de Estadística; [CHE]
Office Fédéral de la Statistique; [GBR] UK National Statistics; [USA] US Census Bureau, American Community Survey.
52
Table 2.8
Acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese in top destination countries, 2013
Acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese
Country
Acquisition of citizenship
by all foreigners
Angola
Belgium
Brazil
As a percentage of acquisition
of citizenship by all foreigners
N
..
..
..
38,612
211
0.5
..
..
..
Canada
113,150
607
0.5
France
97,276
3,887
4.0
112,353
510
0.5
Germany
Italy
65,383
20
0.0
4,412
982
22.3
Mozambique
..
..
..
Netherlands
25,882
38
0.1
Luxemburg
Norway
13,223
12
0.1
261,295
1,265
0.5
34,061
2,184
6.4
United Kingdom
207,989
628
0.3
United States
779,929
1,585
0.2
..
..
..
Spain
Switzerland
Venezuela
Note [BEL] 2012. [CAN] 2012. [ITA] 2012.
Source Table by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [CAN] OECD, International
Migration Database; [FRA] Ministère de L’intérieure; [DEU] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [ITA] Istituto Nazionale di
Statistica; [LUX] Ministère de la Justice; [NLD] Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Ministerio de
Justicia; [CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique; [GBR] Government UK; [USA] US Department of Homeland Security.
53
Chart 2.6
Acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese in top destination countries, 2013
France
Switzerland
United States
Spain
Luxemburg
United Kingdom
Canada
Germany
Belgium
Netherlands
Italy
Norway
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
Note [BEL] 2012. [CAN] 2012. [ITA] 2012.
Source Chart by OEm, data from: [BEL] Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions; [CAN] OECD, International
Migration Database; [FRA] Ministère de L’intérieure; [DEU] Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [ITA] Istituto Nazionale di
Statistica; [LUX] Ministère de la Justice; [NLD] Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Ministerio de
Justicia; [CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique; [GBR] Government UK; [USA] US Department of Homeland Security.
54
Table 2.9
Change in the acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese in top destination
countries, 2012-2013 or last two years available
Acquisition of citizenship by all foreigners
Country
2012
Angola
Belgium
Brazil
Change
in percentage
2013
2012
Change
in percentage
2013
..
..
..
..
..
..
29,786
38,612
29.6
165
211
27.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
Canada
181,338
113,150
-37.6
775
607
-21.7
France
96,051
97,276
1.3
4,294
3,887
-9.5
112,348
112,353
0.0
444
510
14.9
56,153
65,383
16.4
37
20
-45.9
4,680
4,412
-5.7
1,155
982
-15.0
Mozambique
..
..
..
..
..
..
Netherlands
30,955
25,882
-16.4
69
38
-44.9
Germany
Italy
Luxemburg
Norway
12,384
13,223
6.8
12
12
0.0
115,557
261,295
126.1
830
1,265
52.4
33,500
34,061
1.7
2,071
2,184
5.5
United Kingdom
194,209
207,989
7.1
499
628
25.9
United States
757,434
779,929
3.0
1,607
1,585
-1.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
Spain
Switzerland
Venezuela
Note [BEL] 2011 and 2012. [CAN] 2011 and 2012. [ITA] 2011 and 2012.
Source Table by OEm, data from: [BEL] OECD, International Migration Database (2011); Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population
and Social Conditions (2012); [CAN] OECD, International Migration Database; [FRA] Ministère de l'Intérieur (2010); [DEU]
Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; [ITA] Istituto Nazionale di Statistica; [LUX] Ministère de la Justice; [NLD] Centraal Bureau
voor de Statistiek; [NOR] Statistics Norway; [ESP] Ministerio de Justicia; [CHE] Office Fédéral de la Statistique; [GBR] Government
UK; [USA] US Department of Homeland Security.
55
Consular data
Table 2.10 Stock of consular registrations in top destination countries, 2012 or last year
available
Registrations by migrants born in Portugal
Country
All registrations
in Portuguese consulates
As a percentage
of all registrations
N
Angola
115,595
38,994
33.7
Belgium
46,642
33,039
70.8
Brazil
612,203
425,396
69.5
Canada
133,954
103,653
77.4
1,190,798
817,138
68.6
171,166
117,327
68.5
2,337
1,434
61.4
Luxemburg
99,738
60,502
60.7
Mozambique
24,871
10,631
42.7
Netherlands
18,992
11,936
62.8
4,400
..
..
66,212
47,959
72.4
Switzerland
288,465
210,327
72.9
United Kingdom
171,497
100,542
58.6
United States
195,164
168,484
86.3
Venezuela
165,498
96,509
58.3
France
Germany
Italy
Norway
Spain
Note [ANG] 2013. The number of those born in Portugal do not include data from the consulate of Benguela and refers only to
computerized records. [ITA] 2010. [MOZ] 2013. [NOR] 2013.
Source Table by OEm, data from Direcção-Geral dos Assuntos Consulares e das Comunidades Portuguesas (DGACCP).
56
Chart 2.7
Stock of consular registrations in top destination countries, 2012 or last year
available
France
Brazil
Switzerland
United States
United Kingdom
Germany
Venezuela
Canada
Angola
Luxemburg
Spain
Belgium
Mozambique
Netherlands
Norway
Italy
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
Note [ANG] 2013. [ITA] 2010. [MOZ] 2013. [NOR] 2013.
Source Chart by OEm, data from Direcção-Geral dos Assuntos Consulares e das Comunidades Portuguesas (DGACCP).
57
Table 2.11 Change in the stock of consular registrations in top destination countries,
All registrations in Portuguese consulates
Country
Registrations by migrants born in Portugal
Change
in percentage
2012
Angola
113,194
115,595
2.1
..
38,994
..
Belgium
44,228
46,642
5.5
31,698
33,039
4.2
Brazil
596,668
612,203
2.6
425,449
425,396
0.0
Canada
132,467
133,954
1.1
101,519
103,653
2.1
1,161,900
1,190,798
2.5
801,180
817,138
2.0
164,770
171,166
3.9
115,605
117,327
1.5
France
Germany
Italy
2011
Change
in percentage
2011
2012
1,845
2,337
26.7
1,133
1,434
26.6
Luxemburg
96,467
99,738
3.4
58,860
60,502
2.8
Mozambique
21,114
22,663
7.3
8,315
9,224
10.9
Netherlands
17,172
18,992
10.6
10,809
11,936
10.4
Norway
..
4,400
..
..
..
..
62,381
66,212
6.1
44,586
47,959
7.6
Switzerland
278,692
288,465
3.5
204,989
210,327
2.6
United Kingdom
159,336
171,497
7.6
96,327
100,542
4.4
United States
191,987
195,164
1.7
167,173
168,484
0.8
Venezuela
142,157
165,498
16.4
80,029
96,509
20.6
Spain
Note [ANG] 2012 and 2013. [ITA] 2009 and 2010. [NOR] 2013.
Source Table by OEm, data from Direcção-Geral dos Assuntos Consulares e das Comunidades Portuguesas (DGACCP).
58
3 | Remittances
59
60
Volume and composition
Table 3.1
Inward and outward remittance flows in Portugal, 2013
Inward flows
(thousand euros)
Outward flows
(thousand euros)
Balance
3,015,777
556,044
2,459,733
Algeria
42
220
-178
Angola
304,328
18,847
285,481
449
158
291
Australia
3,221
484
2,737
Austria
9,167
220
8,947
Belgium
67,205
1,566
65,639
Brazil
16,524
253,250
-236,726
Bulgaria
527
5,678
-5,151
Canada
42,792
3,453
39,339
Cape Verde
3,438
13,130
-9,692
China
1,669
78,204
-76,535
Croatia
50
423
-373
Cyprus
982
42
940
Czech Republic
1,193
3,489
-2,296
Denmark
6,024
162
5,862
Egypt, Arab Rep.
180
662
-482
Estonia
673
1,297
-624
Country
Total
Argentina
Finland
3,800
78
3,722
France
894,932
20,145
874,787
Germany
197,247
4,163
193,084
1,118
281
837
Guinea-Bissau
526
2,610
-2,084
Hungary
684
1,352
-668
Iceland
252
23
229
India
571
2,447
-1,876
Greece
Ireland
8,753
267
8,486
22,136
2,415
19,721
1,159
27
1,132
99
38
61
Latvia
667
3,688
-3,021
Lithuania
229
866
-637
86,937
1,449
85,488
Italy
Japan
Korea, Rep.
Luxembourg
[to be continued]
61
Country
Inward flows
(thousand euros)
Outward flows
(thousand euros)
Balance
Malta
944
40
904
Mexico
618
237
381
Morocco
1,132
5,037
-3,905
Mozambique
7,560
10,015
-2,455
Netherlands
61,053
1,733
59,320
96
12
84
Nigeria
554
1,560
-1,006
Norway
5,834
160
5,674
Poland
3,168
6,656
-3,488
Romania
1,789
15,764
-13,975
Russian Federation
New Zealand
1,390
4,641
-3,251
São Tomé and Principe
687
986
-299
Saudi Arabia
826
11
815
Slovak Republic
573
1,137
-564
Slovenia
398
868
-470
6,558
480
6,078
Spain
156,697
15,237
141,460
Switzerland
738,128
3,846
734,282
South Africa
Sweden
10,175
169
10,006
Turkey
794
341
453
Ukraine
403
31,321
-30,918
United Kingdom
156,227
6,635
149,592
United States
140,320
7,139
133,181
Venezuela, RB
6,974
574
6,400
Other countries
35,305
20,311
14,994
2,622,437
85,247
2,537,190
316,539
45,587
270,952
EU27
1,693,353
95,819
1,597,534
Euro Zone (15)
1,512,615
50,937
1,461,678
OECD
PALOP
Source Table by OEm, data from Banco de Portugal, Statistics Online (BPstat), Balance of Payment Statistics.
62
Map 3.1
Inward remittance flows in Portugal, 2013
Source Map by OEm, data from Banco de Portugal, Statistics Online (BPstat), Balance of Payment Statistics.
Map 3.2
Outward remittance flows in Portugal, 2013
Source Map by OEm, data from Banco de Portugal, Statistics Online (BPstat), Balance of Payment Statistics.
63
Table 3.2
Top inward remittance flows in Portugal, 2013
Country
Thousand
euros
As a percentage
of total inward flows
Total inward flows
3,015,777
100.0
..
France
894,932
29.7
29.7
Switzerland
738,128
24.5
54.2
Angola
304,328
10.1
64.2
Germany
197,247
6.5
70.8
Spain
156,697
5.2
76.0
United Kingdom
156,227
5.2
81.2
United States
140,320
4.7
85.8
Luxembourg
86,937
2.9
88.7
Belgium
67,205
2.2
90.9
Netherlands
61,053
2.0
92.9
Canada
42,792
1.4
94.4
Italy
22,136
0.7
95.1
Brazil
16,524
0.5
95.6
Sweden
10,175
0.3
96.0
Cumulative percentage
Top inward flows
64
Chart 3.1
Top inward remittance flows in Portugal, 2013
France
Switzerland
Angola
Germany
Spain
United Kingdom
United States
Luxembourg
Belgium
Netherlands
Canada
Italy
Brazil
Sweden
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Source Chart by OEm, data from Banco de Portugal, Statistics Online (BPstat), Balance of Payment Statistics.
65
Changes
Table 3.3
Changes in inward remittance flows in Portugal, 2012-2013
2012
thousand euros,
nominal values
2013
thousand euros,
nominal values
Change in nominal values,
thousand euros
2,749,461
3,015,777
266,316
9.7
France
846,149
894,932
48,783
5.8
Switzerland
697,326
738,128
40,802
5.9
Angola
270,687
304,328
33,641
12.4
Germany
172,943
197,247
24,304
14.1
Spain
129,910
156,697
26,787
20.6
United Kingdom
130,487
156,227
25,740
19.7
United States
135,553
140,320
4,767
3.5
Luxembourg
74,532
86,937
12,405
16.6
Belgium
52,019
67,205
15,186
29.2
Netherlands
45,468
61,053
15,585
34.3
Canada
45,900
42,792
-3,108
-6.8
Italy
20,013
22,136
2,123
10.6
Brazil
10,733
16,524
5,791
54.0
8,910
10,175
1,265
14.2
Country
Total inward flows
Change in percentage
Top inward flows
Sweden
66
Chart 3.2
Changes in top inward remittance flows in Portugal, nominal values,
thousand euros, 2012-2013
France
Switzerland
Angola
Germany
Spain
United Kingdom
United States
Luxembourg
Belgium
Netherlands
Canada
Italy
Brazil
Sweden
-10,000
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
Source Chart by OEm, data from Banco de Portugal, Statistics Online (BPstat), Balance of Payment Statistics.
67
Economic weight
Table 3.4
Changes in economic weight of remittances in Portugal, 2012-2013
Indicators
2012
2013
Change in percentage
2,749,461
3,015,777
9.7
165,107,000
165,666,000
0.3
Exports
63,363,864
67,216,301
6.1
Foreign direct investment (FDI)
47,655,795
30,109,086
-36.8
GDP
1.7
1.8
9.3
Exports
4.3
4.5
3.4
5.8
10.0
73.6
Thousand euros, nominal values
Remittances
GDP
Remittances as a percentage of
Source Table by OEm, data from Banco de Portugal, Statistics Online (BPstat), Balance of Payment Statistics (remittances and
FDI) and Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), National Accounts (GDP and exports).
Chart 3.3
10.0
9.0
Changes in economic weight of remittances in Portugal, 2012-2013
2012
2013
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
GDP
Exports
Remittances as a percentage of
Source Chart by OEm, data from Banco de Portugal, Statistics Online (BPstat), Balance of Payment Statistics (remittances and
FDI) and Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), National Accounts (GDP and exports).
68
International comparison
Table 3.5
Top remittance-receiving countries, thousand US dollars, 2012
Country
Total world remittance flows
Inward remittance flows,
thousand US dollars
As a percentage of
total world remittance flows
478,460,675
100.0
India
68,820,518
14.4
China
39,221,094
8.2
Philippines
24,641,000
5.2
Mexico
23,365,991
4.9
France
21,675,866
4.5
Nigeria
20,633,319
4.3
Egypt, Arab Rep.
19,236,400
4.0
Bangladesh
14,084,934
2.9
Pakistan
14,007,002
2.9
Germany
13,963,679
2.9
South Africa
10,846,553
2.3
Belgium
10,123,473
2.1
Spain
9,633,131
2.0
Korea, Rep.
8,474,000
1.8
Ukraine
8,449,000
1.8
Italy
7,326,336
1.5
Indonesia
7,212,197
1.5
Poland
6,935,000
1.4
Lebanon
6,918,082
1.4
Morocco
6,507,908
1.4
United States
6,285,000
1.3
Sri Lanka
5,999,552
1.3
Russian Federation
5,787,700
1.2
Guatemala
5,034,519
1.1
Nepal
4,793,419
1.0
Thailand
4,713,381
1.0
Colombia
4,018,675
0.8
El Salvador
3,927,280
0.8
Portugal
3,903,788
0.8
Romania
3,674,000
0.8
Top remittance-receiving countries
Source Table by OEm, data from the World Bank, World DataBank, World Development Indicators, Economic Policy & Debt Series.
69
Map 3.3
Top remittance-receiving countries, thousand US dollars, 2012
Source Map by OEm, data from the World Bank, World DataBank, World Development Indicators, Economic Policy & Debt Series.
70
Table 3.6
Top remittance-receiving countries, economic weight, 2012
Country
Total world remittance flows
Inward remittance flows,
thousand US dollars
GDP,
thousand US dollars
Remittances
as a percentage of GDP
478,460,675
72,908,414,851
0.7
Nepal
4,793,419
18,962,963
25.3
El Salvador
3,927,280
23,864,400
16.5
Lebanon
6,918,082
42,945,274
16.1
Top remittancereceiving countries
Bangladesh
14,084,934
116,355,057
12.1
Sri Lanka
5,999,552
59,423,009
10.1
Guatemala
5,034,519
50,233,749
10.0
Philippines
24,641,000
250,182,019
9.8
Egypt, Arab Rep.
19,236,400
262,831,913
7.3
Morocco
6,507,908
95,981,573
6.8
Pakistan
14,007,002
225,143,266
6.2
Ukraine
8,449,000
176,308,826
4.8
Nigeria
20,633,319
459,615,932
4.5
India
68,820,518
1,858,740,106
3.7
South Africa
10,846,553
384,312,674
2.8
Romania
3,674,000
169,396,056
2.2
Belgium
10,123,473
482,951,304
2.1
Mexico
23,365,991
1,178,126,184
2.0
Portugal
3,903,788
212,137,608
1.8
Poland
6,935,000
489,795,487
1.4
Thailand
4,713,381
365,965,816
1.3
Colombia
4,018,675
369,606,331
1.1
21,675,866
2,611,199,846
0.8
Indonesia
7,212,197
878,043,028
0.8
Korea, Rep.
8,474,000
1,129,598,273
0.8
Spain
9,633,131
1,322,114,866
0.7
China
39,221,094
8,227,102,630
0.5
Germany
13,963,679
3,425,928,305
0.4
Italy
7,326,336
2,013,375,304
0.4
Russian Federation
5,787,700
2,014,774,938
0.3
United States
6,285,000
16,244,600,000
0.0
France
Source Table by OEm, data from the World Bank, World DataBank, World Development Indicators, Economic Policy & Debt Series.
71
Chart 3.4
Top remittance-receiving countries, economic weight, 2012
Nepal
El Salvador
Lebanon
Bangladesh
Sri Lanka
Guatemala
Philippines
Egypt, Arab Rep.
Morocco
Pakistan
Ukraine
Nigeria
India
South Africa
Romania
Belgium
Mexico
Portugal
Poland
Thailand
Colombia
France
Indonesia
Korea, Rep.
Spain
China
Germany
Italy
Russian Federation
United States
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
Remittances as a percentage of GDP
Source Chart by OEm, data from the World Bank, World DataBank, World Development Indicators, Economic Policy & Debt Series.
72
4 | Focus: changes in emigration to top
destination countries, 2001-2013
73
Summary
Table 4.1
Main changes in top emigration countries, 2003-2013: average annual growth
in percentage
Portuguese permanent inflows
Stock of migrants born in Portugal
Country
2003-2008
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
France
2008-2013
2003-2013
2003-2008
2008-2013
2003-2013
2003-2008
2008-2013
2003-2013
11.9
7.2
9.8
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.4
-3.2
0.4
8.9
33.8
22.1
..
..
-4.7
..
..
..
18.6
-1.1
8.3
-0.4
-1.4
-0.9
-4.4
-11.3
-7.5
..
..
..
0.8
0.7
0.7
-4.1
-13.0
-8.6
Germany
-9.6
22.0
5.0
-2.8
2.7
-0.1
-0.7
11.4
5.2
Italy
6.0
-3.0
1.9
6.5
-0.4
3.0
19.7
-23.7
-2.0
Luxemburg
3.3
0.3
1.8
..
..
3.9
13.2
32.0
22.2
Netherlands
11.4
0.8
5.6
2.2
4.3
3.2
-3.6
-8.4
-6.1
Norway
37.6
24.6
30.9
1.2
20.7
10.5
-5.1
3.7
-0.8
Spain
28.4
-20.7
0.9
13.6
-0.3
6.5
1.1
17.5
9.0
7.6
2.6
5.1
5.8
6.1
6.0
8.6
4.4
6.5
United Kingdom
0.6
18.3
9.1
4.7
5.2
5.0
-4.1
9.0
2.2
United States
-0.9
3.5
1.3
2.9
-6.2
-1.8
14.4
-16.9
-2.5
..
..
..
..
..
-3.5
..
..
..
Switzerland
Venezuela
Note [BEL] Inflows: no data for 2013. Acquisition of citizenship: no data for 2013. [BRA] Inflows: no data for 2003. Stock: based
on census data for 2001 and 2010; no series of data available for other years. Acquisition of citizenship: no series of data. [CAN]
Stock: based on census data for 2001, 2006 and 2011; no series of data available for other years. Acquisition of citizenship: no data
for 2013. [FRA] Inflows: no series of data available. Stock: no data for 2003-2004 and 2012-2013. [ITA] Inflows: no data for 2013.
Stock: data is based on the stock of residents with Portuguese citizenship. Acquisition of citizenship: no data for 2004-2007 and
2013. [LUX] Stock: based on census data for 2001 and 2011; no series of data available for other years. [CHE] Stock: no data for
2003-2004. [VEN] Inflows and acquistion of citizenship: no series of data available. Stock: based on census data for 2001 and 2011;
no series of data available for other years.
Source Table by OEm, source data detailed in following pages. Entities: OCDE; Eurostat; Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego,
Brazil; IMILA, Investigación Migración Internacional de Latinoamérica; Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; Citizenship
and Immigration Canada; Institut Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques, France; Ministère de L’intérieure, France;
Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, Italia; Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg; Ministère
de la Justice, Luxembourg; Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, Netherlands; Statistics Norway; INE España; Observatorio
Permanente de la Immigración, España; Office Fédéral de la Statistique, Switzerland; Department for Work and Pensions, UK; UK
Office for National Statistics, Annual Population Survey (APS) /Labour Force Survey (LFS); Government UK, Home Office; US
Department of Homeland Security; Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Venezuela.
74
Map 4.1
Average annual growth in percentage of the stock of migrants born in Portugal,
in top emigration countries, 2003-2013
Note [BEL] Inflows: no data for 2013. Acquisition of citizenship: no data for 2013. [BRA] Inflows: no data for 2003. Stock: based
on census data for 2001 and 2010; no series of data available for other years. Acquisition of citizenship: no series of data. [CAN]
Stock: based on census data for 2001, 2006 and 2011; no series of data available for other years. Acquisition of citizenship: no data
for 2013. [FRA] Inflows: no series of data available. Stock: no data for 2003-2004 and 2012-2013. [ITA] Inflows: no data for 2013.
Stock: data is based on the stock of residents with Portuguese citizenship. Acquisition of citizenship: no data for 2004-2007 and
2013. [LUX] Stock: based on census data for 2001 and 2011; no series of data available for other years. [CHE] Stock: no data for
2003-2004. [VEN] Inflows and acquistion of citizenship: no series of data available. Stock: based on census data for 2001 and 2011;
no series of data available for other years.
Source Table by OEm, source data detailed in following pages. Entities: OCDE; Eurostat; Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego,
Brazil; IMILA, Investigación Migración Internacional de Latinoamérica; Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; Citizenship
and Immigration Canada; Institut Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques, France; Ministère de L’intérieure, France;
Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland; Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, Italia; Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg; Ministère
de la Justice, Luxembourg; Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, Netherlands; Statistics Norway; INE España; Observatorio
Permanente de la Immigración, España; Office Fédéral de la Statistique, Switzerland; Department for Work and Pensions, UK; UK
Office for National Statistics, Annual Population Survey (APS) /Labour Force Survey (LFS); Government UK, Home Office; US
Department of Homeland Security; Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Venezuela.
75
Belgium
Table 4.2
Belgium: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
65,974
..
1,347
2.0
..
2002
70,230
6.5
1,567
2.2
16.3
2003
68,800
-2.0
1,823
2.6
16.3
2004
72,446
5.3
1,907
2.6
4.6
2005
77,411
6.9
1,934
2.5
1.4
2006
83,433
7.8
2,030
2.4
5.0
2007
93,387
11.9
2,293
2.5
13.0
2008
106,012
13.5
3,200
3.0
39.6
2009
102,714
-3.1
2,854
2.8
-10.8
2010
113,582
10.6
2,717
2.4
-4.8
2011
117,948
3.8
3,140
2.7
15.6
2012
109,995
-6.7
4,227
3.8
34.6
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Source Table by OEm, data from OECD, International Migration Database.
Chart 4.1
Belgium: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2012
4,500
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source Chart by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database.
76
Table 4.3
Belgium: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
1,112,158
..
21,331
1.9
..
2002
1,151,799
3.6
21,657
1.9
1.5
2003
1,185,456
2.9
22,324
1.9
3.1
2004
1,220,062
2.9
22,795
1.9
2.1
2005
1,268,915
4.0
23,337
1.8
2.4
2006
1,319,302
4.0
24,005
1.8
2.9
2007
1,380,323
4.6
24,950
1.8
3.9
2008
1,443,937
4.6
26,541
1.8
6.4
2009
1,503,806
4.1
27,532
1.8
3.7
2010
1,628,793
8.3
28,310
1.7
2.8
2011
1,643,614
0.9
29,453
1.8
4.0
2012
1,689,526
2.8
31,560
1.9
7.2
2013
1,747,641
3.4
31,564
1.8
0.0
Note The proximity between the data for the years 2012 and 2013 are due to methodological issues resulting from changes in sources.
Source Table by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2012); Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population
and Social Conditions (2013).
Chart 4.2
Belgium: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2001
Note
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
The proximity between the data for the years 2012 and 2013 are due to methodological issues resulting from changes in sources.
Source Chart by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2012); Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population
and Social Conditions (2013).
77
Table 4.4
Belgium: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
of citizenship by all
foreigners
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
62,982
..
276
0.4
..
2002
46,417
-26.3
318
0.7
15.2
2003
33,709
-27.4
203
0.6
-36.2
2004
34,754
3.1
240
0.7
18.2
2005
31,512
-9.3
229
0.7
-4.6
2006
31,860
1.1
239
0.8
4.4
2007
36,063
13.2
284
0.8
18.8
2008
37,710
4.6
240
0.6
-15.5
2009
32,767
-13.1
215
0.7
-10.4
2010
34,635
5.7
159
0.5
-26.0
2011
29,786
-14.0
165
0.6
3.8
2012
38,612
29.6
211
0.5
27.9
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Source
Table by OEm, data from OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2012).
Chart 4.3
Belgium: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2012
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source Chart by OEm, data from OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2012).
78
Brazil
Table 4.5
Brazil: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
N
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
..
..
..
..
..
2002
..
..
..
..
..
2003
..
..
..
..
..
2004
20,162
..
482
2.4
..
2005
24,158
19.8
595
2.5
23.4
2006
25,440
5.3
477
1.9
-19.8
2007
29,488
15.9
550
1.9
15.3
2008
43,993
49.2
679
1.5
23.5
2009
42,914
-2.5
708
1.6
4.3
2010
56,006
30.5
798
1.4
12.7
2011
70,524
25.9
1,564
2.2
96.0
2012
73,022
3.5
2,247
3.1
43.7
2013
62,387
-14.6
2,913
4.7
29.6
Note Data refers to temporary work permits and permanent work permits granted to foreigners, by country of origin.
Source Table by OEm, data from Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, Coordenação Geral de Imigração (CGIg), Autorizações
concedidas a estrangeiros por país de origem, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013.
Chart 4.4
Brazil: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2004-2013
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Note Data refers to temporary work permits and permanent work permits granted to foreigners, by country of origin.
Source Chart by OEm, data from Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, Coordenação Geral de Imigração (CGIg), Autorizações
concedidas a estrangeiros por país de origem, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013.
79
Table 4.6
Brazil: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
683,830
..
213,203
31.2
..
2002
..
..
..
..
..
2003
..
..
..
..
..
2004
..
..
..
..
..
2005
..
..
..
..
..
2006
..
..
..
..
..
2007
..
..
..
..
..
2008
..
..
..
..
..
2009
..
..
..
..
..
2010
592,570
..
137,973
23.3
..
2011
..
..
..
..
..
2012
..
..
..
..
..
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Note Data of 2001 refers to Census of 2000.
Source Table by OEm, data from: IMILA, Investigación Migración Internacional de Latinoamérica, Centro Latinoamericano e
Caribeño de Población (CELADE), División de Población de la CEPAL, Santiago, Chile (2001); Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e
Estatística, Censos 2010 (2010).
Chart 4.5
Brazil: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001 and 2010
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
2001
2010
Note Data of 2001 refers to Census of 2000.
Source Chart by OEm, data from: IMILA, Investigación Migración Internacional de Latinoamérica, Centro Latinoamericano e
Caribeño de Población (CELADE), División de Población de la CEPAL, Santiago, Chile (2001); Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e
Estatística, Censos 2010 (2010).
80
Canada
Table 4.7
Canada: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
250,640
..
481
0.2
..
2002
228,919
-8.7
319
0.1
-33.7
2003
221,203
-3.4
283
0.1
-11.3
2004
235,823
6.6
336
0.1
18.7
2005
262,243
11.2
338
0.1
0.6
2006
251,640
-4.0
424
0.2
25.4
2007
236,753
-5.9
405
0.2
-4.5
2008
247,245
4.4
665
0.3
64.2
2009
252,172
2.0
623
0.2
-6.3
2010
280,688
11.3
629
0.2
1.0
2011
248,749
-11.4
528
0.2
-16.1
2012
257,895
3.7
560
0.2
6.1
2013
258,953
0.4
629
0.2
12.3
Note Data from 2004 to 2013 was reviewed in 2014 by Citizenship and Immigration Canada.
Source Table by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2003); Citizenship and Immigration Canada,
Permanent residents by source country (2004-2013).
Chart 4.6
Canada: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Note Data from 2004 to 2013 was reviewed in 2014 by Citizenship and Immigration Canada.
Source Chart by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2003); Citizenship and Immigration Canada,
Permanent residents by source country (2004-2013).
81
Table 4.8
Canada: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
5,448,480
..
153,530
2.8
..
2002
..
..
..
..
..
2003
..
..
..
..
..
2004
..
..
..
..
..
2005
..
..
..
..
..
2006
6,186,950
..
150,390
2.4
..
2007
..
..
..
..
..
2008
..
..
..
..
..
2009
..
..
..
..
..
2010
..
..
..
..
..
2011
7,217,295
..
140,310
1.9
..
2012
..
..
..
..
..
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Source Table by OEm, data from Statistics Canada, Place of Birth, Census, 2001, 2006, 2011.
Chart 4.7
Canada: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001, 2006 and 2011
155,000
150,000
145,000
140,000
135,000
130,000
2001
2006
2011
Source Chart by OEm, data from Statistics Canada, Place of Birth, Census, 2001, 2006, 2011.
82
Table 4.9
Canada: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
167,353
..
2,824
1.7
..
2002
141,591
-15.4
1,407
1.0
-50.2
2003
155,117
9.6
1,229
0.8
-12.7
2004
193,620
24.8
2,178
1.1
77.2
2005
198,724
2.6
1,704
0.9
-21.8
2006
260,803
31.2
1,756
0.7
3.1
2007
199,871
-23.4
1,266
0.6
-27.9
2008
176,575
-11.7
980
0.6
-22.6
2009
156,349
-11.5
993
0.6
1.3
2010
143,678
-8.1
847
0.6
-14.7
2011
181,338
26.2
775
0.4
-8.5
2012
113,150
-37.6
607
0.5
-21.7
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Note Data from 2005 to 2012 was reviewed in 2014 by OECD, International Migration Database.
Chart 4.8
Canada: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2011
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Note Data from 2005 to 2012 was reviewed in 2014 by OECD, International Migration Database.
Source Chart by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database.
83
France
Table 4.10 France: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
..
..
..
..
..
2002
..
..
..
..
..
2003
..
..
..
..
..
2004
..
..
..
..
..
2005
4,959,000
..
567,000
11.4
..
2006
5,136,294
3.6
569,600
11.1
0.5
2007
5,252,696
2.3
576,084
11.0
1.1
2008
5,236,607
-0.3
580,240
11.1
0.7
2009
5,433,000
3.8
585,000
10.8
0.8
2010
5,514,154
1.5
588,276
10.7
0.6
2011
5,605,167
1.7
592,281
10.6
0.7
2012
..
..
..
..
..
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Source Table by OEm, data from Institut Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques, Répartition des immigrés par
pays de naissance.
Chart 4.9
France: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2005-2011
595,000
590,000
585,000
580,000
575,000
570,000
565,000
560,000
555,000
550,000
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source Chart by OEm, data from Institut Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques, Répartition des immigrés par
pays de naissance.
84
Table 4.11 France: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
127,548
..
9,182
7.2
..
2002
128,097
0.4
8,844
6.9
-3.7
2003
144,649
12.9
9,577
6.6
8.3
2004
168,845
16.7
10,988
6.5
14.7
2005
154,643
-8.4
8,884
5.7
-19.1
2006
147,868
-4.4
10,524
7.1
18.5
2007
132,002
-10.7
3,749
2.8
-64.4
2008
137,452
4.1
7,778
5.7
107.5
2009
135,852
-1.2
6,583
4.8
-15.4
2010
143,261
5.5
5,723
4.0
-13.1
2011
114,569
-20.0
4,720
4.1
-17.5
2012
96,051
-16.2
4,294
4.5
-9.0
2013
97,276
1.3
3,887
4.0
-9.5
Source Table by OEm, data from Ministère de L’intérieure, Immigration, Intégration, Asile et le Dévelopment Solidaire,
acquistions de la nationalité française.
Chart 4.10 France: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2012
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Ministère de L’intérieure, Immigration, Intégration, Asile et le Dévelopment Solidaire,
acquistions de la nationalité française.
85
Germany
Table 4.12 Germany: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
685,259
..
9,287
1.4
..
2002
658,341
-3.9
7,955
1.2
-14.3
2003
601,759
-8.6
6,981
1.2
-12.2
2004
602,182
0.1
5,570
0.9
-20.2
2005
401,493
-33.3
3,418
0.9
-38.6
2006
382,772
-4.7
3,371
0.9
-1.4
2007
402,397
5.1
3,766
0.9
11.7
2008
403,432
0.3
4,214
1.0
11.9
2009
412,404
2.2
4,468
1.1
6.0
2010
472,105
14.5
4,238
0.9
-5.1
2011
609,184
29.0
5,752
0.9
35.7
2012
755,318
24.0
9,054
1.2
57.4
2013
932,920
23.5
11,401
1.2
25.9
Source Table by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2004); Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland,
Ausländische Bevölkerung (2005-2013).
Chart 4.11 Germany: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2004); Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland,
86
Table 4.13 Germany: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
5,755,232
..
107,057
1.9
..
2002
5,804,263
0.9
105,667
1.8
-1.3
2003
5,834,577
0.5
105,135
1.8
-0.5
2004
5,312,860
-8.9
93,190
1.8
-11.4
2005
5,363,410
1.0
92,136
1.7
-1.1
2006
5,386,570
0.4
91,651
1.7
-0.5
2007
5,400,325
0.3
91,253
1.7
-0.4
2008
5,401,777
0.0
91,225
1.7
0.0
2009
5,393,264
-0.2
90,203
1.7
-1.1
2010
5,473,547
1.5
90,148
1.6
-0.1
2011
5,664,681
3.5
92,343
1.6
2.4
2012
5,975,210
5.5
97,445
1.6
5.5
2013
6,402,828
7.2
104,084
1.6
6.8
Source Table by OEm, data from Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland, Ausländische Bevölkerung.
Chart 4.12 Germany: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
110,000
105,000
100,000
95,000
90,000
85,000
80,000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland, Ausländische Bevölkerung.
87
Table 4.14 Germany: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
178,098
..
290
0.2
..
2002
154,547
-13.2
243
0.2
-16.2
2003
140,731
-8.9
308
0.2
26.7
2004
127,153
-9.6
293
0.2
-4.9
2005
117,241
-7.8
313
0.3
6.8
2006
124,566
6.2
327
0.3
4.5
2007
113,030
-9.3
237
0.2
-27.5
2008
94,470
-16.4
297
0.3
25.3
2009
96,122
1.7
277
0.3
-6.7
2010
101,570
5.7
259
0.3
-6.5
2011
106,897
5.2
376
0.4
45.2
2012
112,348
5.1
444
0.4
18.1
2013
112,353
0.0
510
0.5
14.9
Source Table by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2002); Statistisches Bundesamt Deutshland,
Chart 4.13 Germany: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2002); Statistisches Bundesamt Deutshland,
88
Italy
Table 4.15 Italy: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
..
..
..
..
..
2002
..
..
..
..
..
2003
470,491
..
376
0.1
..
2004
444,566
-5.5
330
0.1
-12.2
2005
325,673
-26.7
382
0.1
15.8
2006
297,640
-8.6
366
0.1
-4.2
2007
558,019
87.5
594
0.1
62.3
2008
534,712
-4.2
503
0.1
-15.3
2009
442,940
-17.2
516
0.1
2.6
2010
458,856
3.6
420
0.1
-18.6
2011
385,793
-15.9
452
0.1
7.6
2012
350,772
-9.1
446
0.1
-1.3
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Source Table by OEm, data from Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions.
Chart 4.14 Italy: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2003-2012
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source Chart by OEm, data from Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions.
89
Table 4.16 Italy: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
..
..
..
..
..
2002
..
..
..
..
..
2003
..
..
..
..
..
2004
..
..
..
..
..
2005
..
..
..
..
..
2006
..
..
..
..
..
2007
..
..
..
..
..
2008
4,375,240
..
..
..
..
2009
4,798,715
9.7
..
..
..
2010
5,350,412
11.5
..
..
..
2011
5,457,820
2.0
6,624
0.1
..
2012
5,695,883
4.4
7,023
0.1
6.0
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Chart 4.15 Italy: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2011-2012
8,000
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from OECD, International Migration Database.
90
Table 4.17 Italy: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
..
..
..
..
..
2002
..
..
..
..
..
2003
13,406
..
24
0.2
..
2004
19,140
42.8
..
..
..
2005
28,659
49.7
..
..
..
2006
35,266
23.1
..
..
..
2007
45,485
29.0
..
..
..
2008
53,696
18.1
59
0.1
..
2009
59,369
10.6
44
0.1
-25.4
2010
65,938
11.1
44
0.1
0.0
2011
56,153
-14.8
37
0.1
-15.9
2012
65,383
16.4
20
0.0
-45.9
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Source Table by OEm, data from Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions.
Chart 4.16 Italy: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2008-2012
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source Chart by OEm, data from Eurostat, Statistics Database, Population and Social Conditions.
91
Luxemburg
Table 4.18 Luxemburg: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
12,135
..
2,293
18.9
..
2002
12,101
-0.3
2,767
22.9
20.7
2003
13,158
8.7
3,857
29.3
39.4
2004
12,872
-2.2
3,542
27.5
-8.2
2005
14,397
11.8
3,761
26.1
6.2
2006
14,352
-0.3
3,796
26.4
0.9
2007
16,675
16.2
4,385
26.3
15.5
2008
17,758
6.5
4,531
25.5
3.3
2009
15,751
-11.3
3,844
24.4
-15.2
2010
16,962
7.7
3,845
22.7
0.0
2011
20,268
19.5
4,977
24.6
29.4
2012
20,478
1.0
5,193
25.4
4.3
2013
21,098
3.0
4,590
21.8
-11.6
Source Table by OEm, data from Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg, Arrivées, 1967-2013.
Chart 4.17 Luxemburg: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg, Arrivées, 1967-2013.
92
Table 4.19 Luxemburg: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
144,844
..
41,690
28.8
..
2002
..
..
..
..
..
2003
..
..
..
..
..
2004
..
..
..
..
..
2005
..
..
..
..
..
2006
..
..
..
..
..
2007
..
..
..
..
..
2008
..
..
..
..
..
2009
..
..
..
..
..
2010
..
..
..
..
..
2011
205,162
..
60,897
29.7
..
2012
..
..
..
..
..
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Source Table by OEm, data from Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg, STATEC, Pays de naissance, Recensement de la
population, 2001, 2011.
Chart 4.18 Luxemburg: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001 and 2011
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
2001
2011
Source Chart by OEm, data from Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg, STATEC, Pays de naissance, Recensement de la
population, 2001, 2011.
93
Table 4.20 Luxemburg: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
by all foreigners
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
474
..
94
19.8
..
2002
826
74.3
157
19.0
67.0
2003
721
-12.7
132
18.3
-15.9
2004
848
17.6
195
23.0
47.7
2005
995
17.3
273
27.4
40.0
2006
1,084
8.9
330
30.4
20.9
2007
1,311
20.9
383
29.2
16.1
2008
1,129
-13.9
245
21.7
-36.0
2009
4,022
256.2
1,242
30.9
406.9
2010
4,311
7.2
1,351
31.3
8.8
2011
3,405
-21.0
1,085
31.9
-19.7
2012
4,680
37.4
1,155
24.7
6.5
2013
4,412
-5.7
982
22.3
-15.0
Note Nationality law of 2008, applied in 2009, dismissed the renouncement of the individual's original nationality in order to
acquire Luxemburg citizenship.
Source Table by OEm, data from Ministère de la Justice, Chiffres clés statistiques en matière d'indigénat.
Chart 4.19 Luxemburg: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Note Nationality law of 2008, applied in 2009, dismissed the renouncement of the individual's original nationality in order to
acquire Luxemburg citizenship.
Source Chart by OEm, data from Ministère de la Justice, Chiffres clés statistiques en matière d'indigénat.
94
Netherlands
Table 4.21 Netherlands: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
110,554
..
1,216
1.1
..
2002
99,808
-9.7
1,189
1.2
-2.2
2003
84,686
-15.2
1,166
1.4
-1.9
2004
74,572
-11.9
984
1.3
-15.6
2005
72,110
-3.3
830
1.2
-15.7
2006
77,666
7.7
1,211
1.6
45.9
2007
91,835
18.2
1,577
1.7
30.2
2008
116,517
26.9
2,002
1.7
26.9
2009
118,130
1.4
1,983
1.7
-0.9
2010
126,035
6.7
1,530
1.2
-22.8
2011
134,500
6.7
1,727
1.3
12.9
2012
130,698
-2.8
2,051
1.6
18.8
2013
137,160
4.9
2,079
1.5
1.4
Note Inflows in Netherlands are registered by country of birth.
Source Table by OEm, data from Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek,Immigration by country of birth.
Chart 4.20 Netherlands: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Note Inflows in Netherlands are registered by country of birth.
Source Chart by OEm, data from Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, Immigration by country of birth.
95
Table 4.22 Netherlands: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
1,488,960
..
10,030
0.7
..
2002
1,547,079
3.9
10,762
0.7
7.3
2003
1,585,927
2.5
11,300
0.7
5.0
2004
1,602,730
1.1
11,729
0.7
3.8
2005
1,606,664
0.2
11,833
0.7
0.9
2006
1,604,259
-0.1
11,823
0.7
-0.1
2007
1,601,194
-0.2
11,940
0.7
1.0
2008
1,619,314
1.1
12,569
0.8
5.3
2009
1,661,505
2.6
13,553
0.8
7.8
2010
1,699,751
2.3
14,356
0.8
5.9
2011
1,735,217
2.1
14,430
0.8
0.5
2012
1,772,204
2.1
14,868
0.8
3.0
2013
1,793,189
1.2
15,486
0.9
4.2
Source Table by OEm, data from Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, Statline Database, Population.
Chart 4.21 Netherlands: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, Statline Database, Population.
96
Table 4.23 Netherlands: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
46,667
..
129
0.3
..
2002
45,321
-2.9
142
0.3
10.1
2003
28,799
-36.5
71
0.2
-50.0
2004
26,173
-9.1
69
0.3
-2.8
2005
28,488
8.8
50
0.2
-27.5
2006
29,089
2.1
77
0.3
54.0
2007
30,653
5.4
76
0.2
-1.3
2008
28,229
-7.9
59
0.2
-22.4
2009
29,754
5.4
57
0.2
-3.4
2010
26,275
-11.7
67
0.3
17.5
2011
28,612
8.9
51
0.2
-23.9
2012
30,955
8.2
69
0.2
35.3
2013
25,882
-16.4
38
0.1
-44.9
Source Table by OEm, data from Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, Statline Database (Nationaliteitswijzigingen; geslacht,
nationaliteit en regeling).
Chart 4.22 Netherlands: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, Statline Database (Nationaliteitswijzigingen; geslacht,
nationaliteit en regeling).
97
Norway
Table 4.24 Norway: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
25,412
..
70
0.3
..
2002
30,788
21.2
70
0.2
0.0
2003
26,787
-13.0
55
0.2
-21.4
2004
27,863
4.0
76
0.3
38.2
2005
31,356
12.5
98
0.3
28.9
2006
37,429
19.4
97
0.3
-1.0
2007
53,498
42.9
156
0.3
60.8
2008
58,820
9.9
271
0.5
73.7
2009
56,680
-3.6
257
0.5
-5.2
2010
65,065
14.8
284
0.4
10.5
2011
70,759
8.8
458
0.6
61.3
2012
70,012
-1.1
582
0.8
27.1
2013
66,934
-4.4
815
1.2
40.0
Source Table by OEm, data from Statistics Norway, Immigration, emigration and net migration, by citizenship.
Chart 4.23 Norway: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Statistics Norway, Immigration, emigration and net migration, by citizenship.
98
Table 4.25 Norway: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
249,904
..
704
0.3
..
2002
259,222
3.7
713
0.3
1.3
2003
277,262
7.0
726
0.3
1.8
2004
289,104
4.3
718
0.2
-1.1
2005
301,045
4.1
733
0.2
2.1
2006
318,514
5.8
779
0.2
6.3
2007
341,831
7.3
687
0.2
-11.8
2008
380,643
11.4
769
0.2
11.9
2009
422,594
11.0
941
0.2
22.4
2010
459,347
8.7
1,079
0.2
14.7
2011
500,499
9.0
1,226
0.2
13.6
2012
546,732
9.2
1,557
0.3
27.0
2013
593,322
8.5
1,967
0.3
26.3
Source Table by OEm, data from Statistics Norway, Immigrant and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents.
Chart 4.24 Norway: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Statistics Norway, Immigrant and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents.
99
Table 4.26 Norway: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
10,838
..
16
0.1
..
2002
9,041
-16.6
20
0.2
25.0
2003
7,867
-13.0
13
0.2
-35.0
2004
8,154
3.6
15
0.2
15.4
2005
12,655
55.2
18
0.1
20.0
2006
11,955
-5.5
20
0.2
11.1
2007
14,877
24.4
17
0.1
-15.0
2008
10,312
-30.7
10
0.1
-41.2
2009
11,442
11.0
5
0.0
-50.0
2010
11,903
4.0
3
0.0
-40.0
2011
14,286
20.0
13
0.1
333.3
2012
12,384
-13.3
12
0.1
-7.7
2013
13,223
6.8
12
0.1
0.0
Source Table by OEm, data from Statistics Norway, Naturalizations by sex, age and earlier citizenship, 1977-2013.
Chart 4.25 Norway: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
25
20
15
10
5
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Statistics Norway, Naturalizations by sex, age and earlier citizenship, 1977-2013.
100
Spain
Table 4.27 Spain: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
394,048
..
3,057
0.8
..
2002
443,085
12.4
3,538
0.8
15.7
2003
429,524
-3.1
4,825
1.1
36.4
2004
645,844
50.4
9,851
1.5
104.2
2005
682,711
5.7
13,327
2.0
35.3
2006
802,971
17.6
20,658
2.6
55.0
2007
920,534
14.6
27,178
3.0
31.6
2008
692,228
-24.8
16,857
2.4
-38.0
2009
469,342
-32.2
9,739
2.1
-42.2
2010
431,334
-8.1
7,678
1.8
-21.2
2011
416,282
-3.5
7,424
1.8
-3.3
2012
336,110
-19.3
6,201
1.8
-16.5
2013
342,390
1.9
5,302
1.5
-14.5
Source Table by OEm, data from INE España, Estadística de Variaciones Residenciales, Altas por país de nacionalidad sexo y edad.
Chart 4.26 Spain: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from INE España, Estadística de Variaciones Residenciales, Altas por país de nacionalidad sexo y edad.
101
Table 4.28 Spain: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
1,969,269
..
62,610
3.2
..
2002
2,594,052
31.7
67,313
2.6
7.5
2003
3,302,440
27.3
71,843
2.2
6.7
2004
3,693,806
11.9
71,065
1.9
-1.1
2005
4,391,484
18.9
80,846
1.8
13.8
2006
4,837,622
10.2
93,767
1.9
16.0
2007
5,249,993
8.5
111,575
2.1
19.0
2008
6,044,528
15.1
136,171
2.3
22.0
2009
6,466,278
7.0
148,154
2.3
8.8
2010
6,604,181
2.1
148,789
2.3
0.4
2011
6,677,839
1.1
146,298
2.2
-1.7
2012
6,759,780
1.2
143,488
2.1
-1.9
2013
6,640,536
-1.8
134,248
2.0
-6.4
Source Table by OEm, data from INE España, Padrón Municipal de Habitantes, Población por nacionalidad, pais de nacimiento y sexo.
Chart 4.27 Spain: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
160,000
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from INE España, Padrón Municipal de Habitantes, Población por nacionalidad, Pais de nacimiento y sexo.
102
Table 4.29 Spain: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
16,743
..
558
3.3
..
2002
21,805
30.2
627
2.9
12.4
2003
26,556
21.8
536
2.0
-14.5
2004
38,335
44.4
634
1.7
18.3
2005
42,829
11.7
478
1.1
-24.6
2006
62,339
45.6
430
0.7
-10.0
2007
71,810
15.2
381
0.5
-11.4
2008
84,170
17.2
566
0.7
48.6
2009
79,597
-5.4
485
0.6
-14.3
2010
123,721
55.4
800
0.6
64.9
2011
114,599
-7.4
884
0.8
10.5
2012
115,557
0.8
830
0.7
-6.1
2013
261,295
126.1
1,265
0.5
52.4
Source Table by OEm, data from Observatorio Permanente de la Immigración, Concesiones de nacionalidad española por residencia.
Chart 4.28 Spain: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Observatorio Permanente de la Immigración, Concesiones de nacionalidad española por residencia.
103
Switzerland
Table 4.30 Switzerland: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
99,746
..
4,347
4.4
..
2002
105,014
5.3
9,005
8.6
107.2
2003
98,812
-5.9
12,228
12.4
35.8
2004
100,834
2.0
13,539
13.4
10.7
2005
99,091
-1.7
12,138
12.2
-10.3
2006
107,177
8.2
12,441
11.6
2.5
2007
143,855
34.2
15,351
10.7
23.4
2008
161,629
12.4
17,657
10.9
15.0
2009
138,269
-14.5
13,601
9.8
-23.0
2010
139,495
0.9
12,720
9.1
-6.5
2011
140,508
0.7
15,020
10.7
18.1
2012
151,002
7.5
18,892
12.5
25.8
2013
167,248
10.8
20,039
12.0
6.1
Source Table by OEm, data from Office Fédéral de la Statistique, Immigration de la population résidante permanente selon la
nationalité, 1991 a 2013.
Chart 4.29 Switzerland: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Office Fédéral de la Statistique, Immigration de la population résidante permanente selon la
nationalité, 1991 a 2013.
104
Table 4.31 Switzerland: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
1,083,580
..
106,828
9.9
..
2002
1,106,438
2.1
111,106
10.0
4.0
2003
1,124,813
1.7
118,521
10.5
6.7
2004
1,144,304
1.7
126,789
11.1
7.0
2005
1,159,677
1.3
132,872
11.5
4.8
2006
1,173,324
1.2
138,065
11.8
3.9
2007
1,221,068
4.1
145,736
11.9
5.6
2008
1,287,496
5.4
157,455
12.2
8.0
2009
1,326,262
3.0
164,691
12.4
4.6
2010
2,075,182
56.5
172,274
8.3
4.6
2011
2,158,424
4.0
187,409
8.7
8.8
2012
2,218,445
2.8
199,209
9.0
6.3
2013
2,289,560
3.2
211,451
9.2
6.1
Note Until 2009 data concerning migrants born in Portugal relates to migrants born outside Switzerland with Portuguese
citizenship (the only available data), excluding born in Portugal with a foreign citizenship. From 2010 data concern migrants born
in Portugal. As such, migrants born in Portugal in 2010, according to the previous calculation, were 169,485.
Source Table by OEm, data from Office Fédéral de la Statistique: Population résidante permanente et non permanente selon la
région, la nationalité et le lieu de naissance (2005-2009); Population résidante permanente et non permanente selon le canton, le
sexe, la nationalité, le pays de naissance et l'âge (2010-2013).
Chart 4.30 Switzerland: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2005-2013
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Note Until 2009 data concerning migrants born in Portugal relates to migrants born outside Switzerland with Portuguese citizenship (the only
available data), excluding born in Portugal with a foreign citizenship. From 2010 data concern migrants born in Portugal.
Source Chart by OEm, data from Office Fédéral de la Statistique: Population résidante permanente et non permanente selon la
région, la nationalité et le lieu de naissance (2005-2009); Population résidante permanente et non permanente selon le canton, le
sexe, la nationalité, le pays de naissance et l'âge (2010-2013).
105
Table 4.32 Switzerland: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
27,583
..
779
2.8
..
2002
36,515
32.4
920
2.5
18.1
2003
35,424
-3.0
1,165
3.3
26.6
2004
35,685
0.7
1,199
3.4
2.9
2005
38,437
7.7
1,505
3.9
25.5
2006
46,711
21.5
2,383
5.1
58.3
2007
43,889
-6.0
2,201
5.0
-7.6
2008
44,365
1.1
1,761
4.0
-20.0
2009
43,440
-2.1
2,336
5.4
32.7
2010
39,314
-9.5
2,217
5.6
-5.1
2011
36,012
-8.4
2,211
6.1
-0.3
2012
33,500
-7.0
2,071
6.2
-6.3
2013
34,061
1.7
2,184
6.4
5.5
Source Table by OEm, data from Office Fédéral de la Statistique, Acquisition de la nationalité suisse selon la nationalité
antérieure 1981-2013.
Chart 4.31 Switzerland: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from Office Fédéral de la Statistique, Acquisition de la nationalité suisse selon la nationalité
antérieure 1981-2013.
106
United Kingdom
Table 4.33 United Kingdom: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
262,239
..
4,396
1.7
..
2002
311,241
18.7
7,915
2.5
80.1
2003
362,148
16.4
12,603
3.5
59.2
2004
412,780
14.0
13,850
3.4
9.9
2005
618,560
49.9
11,710
1.9
-15.5
2006
633,050
2.3
9,700
1.5
-17.2
2007
796,880
25.9
12,040
1.5
24.1
2008
669,560
-16.0
12,980
1.9
7.8
2009
613,210
-8.4
12,230
2.0
-5.8
2010
667,500
8.9
12,080
1.8
-1.2
2011
671,050
0.5
16,350
2.4
35.3
2012
518,954
-22.7
20,443
3.9
25.0
2013
617,236
18.9
30,121
4.9
47.3
Source Table by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001); Department for Work and Pensions, StatExplore (2002-2013).
Chart 4.32 United Kingdom: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001); Department for Work and Pensions, StatExplore (2002-2013).
107
Table 4.34 United Kingdom: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
4,675,000
..
51,000
1.1
..
2002
4,861,000
4.0
60,000
1.2
17.6
2003
5,013,000
3.1
66,000
1.3
10.0
2004
5,233,000
4.4
68,000
1.3
3.0
2005
5,552,000
6.1
57,000
1.0
-16.2
2006
5,997,000
8.0
71,000
1.2
24.6
2007
6,342,000
5.8
71,000
1.1
0.0
2008
6,683,000
5.4
83,000
1.2
16.9
2009
6,910,000
3.4
87,000
1.3
4.8
2010
7,139,000
3.3
83,000
1.2
-4.6
2011
7,509,000
5.2
84,000
1.1
1.2
2012
7,679,000
2.3
90,000
1.2
7.1
2013
7,780,000
1.3
107,000
1.4
18.9
Note
Data obtained from sampling processes, which may affect variations.
Source Table by OEm, data from Office for National Statistics, Annual Population Survey (APS) and Labour Force Survey (LFS),
Population by country of birth and nationality.
Chart 4.33 United Kingdom: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
2001
Note
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Data obtained from sampling processes, which may affect variations.
Source Chart by OEm, data from Office for National Statistics, Annual Population Survey (APS) and Labour Force Survey (LFS),
Population by country of birth and nationality.
108
Table 4.35 United Kingdom: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
90,282
..
284
0.3
..
2002
120,121
33.1
290
0.2
2.1
2003
130,535
8.7
505
0.4
74.1
2004
148,273
13.6
548
0.4
8.5
2005
161,699
9.1
651
0.4
18.8
2006
154,018
-4.8
532
0.3
-18.3
2007
164,637
6.9
521
0.3
-2.1
2008
129,377
-21.4
409
0.3
-21.5
2009
203,789
57.5
587
0.3
43.5
2010
195,046
-4.3
479
0.2
-18.4
2011
177,785
-8.8
402
0.2
-16.1
2012
194,209
9.2
499
0.3
24.1
2013
207,989
7.1
628
0.3
25.9
Source Table by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2003); Government UK, Home Office,
Immigration Statistics March-June 2014, Citizenship grants by previous country of nationality (2004-2013).
Chart 4.34 United Kingdom: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from: OECD, International Migration Database (2001-2003); Government UK, Home Office,
Immigration Statistics March-June 2014, Citizenship grants by previous country of nationality (2004-2013).
109
United States
Table 4.36 United States: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
Total inflows
Year
Portuguese inflows
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage
of total inflows
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
1,058,902
..
1,609
0.2
..
2002
1,059,356
0.0
1,313
0.1
-18.4
2003
703,542
-33.6
808
0.1
-38.5
2004
957,883
36.2
1,069
0.1
32.3
2005
1,122,257
17.2
1,125
0.1
5.2
2006
1,266,129
12.8
1,409
0.1
25.2
2007
1,052,415
-16.9
1,019
0.1
-27.7
2008
1,107,126
5.2
772
0.1
-24.2
2009
1,130,818
2.1
946
0.1
22.5
2010
1,042,625
-7.8
755
0.1
-20.2
2011
1,062,040
1.9
821
0.1
8.7
2012
1,031,631
-2.9
811
0.1
-1.2
2013
990,553
-4.0
918
0.1
13.2
Source Table by OEm, data from US Department of Homeland Security, Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2013, Table 3, Persons
obtaining lawful permanent resident status by region and country of birth, fiscal years 2004 to 2013.
Chart 4.35 United States: Portuguese permanent inflows, 2001-2013
1,800
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from US Department of Homeland Security, Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2013, Table 3, Persons
obtaining lawful permanent resident status by region and country of birth, fiscal years 2004 to 2013.
110
Table 4.37 United States: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
33,107,273
..
210,269
0.6
..
2002
35,978,543
8.7
190,736
0.5
-9.3
2003
37,174,627
3.3
188,874
0.5
-1.0
2004
38,234,138
2.9
188,277
0.5
-0.3
2005
37,408,445
-2.2
179,463
0.5
-4.7
2006
37,910,218
1.3
193,621
0.5
7.9
2007
39,524,899
4.3
266,612
0.7
37.7
2008
39,624,216
0.3
217,540
0.5
-18.4
2009
38,947,597
-1.7
171,506
0.4
-21.2
2010
39,937,022
2.5
191,803
0.5
11.8
2011
42,109,468
5.4
177,561
0.4
-7.4
2012
44,056,641
4.6
166,582
0.4
-6.2
2013
43,960,023
-0.2
158,002
0.4
-5.2
Note Some differences in the annual data of those born in Portugal and born abroad may be due to the fact that the information gathering is
done through sampling processes. In some years there may be almost no changes, which may be due to the same reason.
Source Table by OEm, data from US Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, Annual Social and Economic (ASEC), March
Supplement, Data Ferrett.
Chart 4.36 United States: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
300,000
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Note Some differences in the annual data of those born in Portugal and born abroad may be due to the fact that the information gathering is
done through sampling processes. In some years there may be almost no changes, which may be due to the same reason.
Source Chart by OEm, data from US Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, Annual Social and Economic (ASEC), March
Supplement, Data Ferrett.
111
Table 4.38 United States: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
As a percentage of
acquisition
foreigners
N
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
608,205
..
2,780
0.5
..
2002
573,708
-5.7
2,198
0.4
-20.9
2003
463,204
-19.3
2,037
0.4
-7.3
2004
537,151
16.0
2,173
0.4
6.7
2005
604,280
12.5
2,403
0.4
10.6
2006
702,589
16.3
2,638
0.4
9.8
2007
660,477
-6.0
2,506
0.4
-5.0
2008
1,046,539
58.5
3,988
0.4
59.1
2009
743,715
-28.9
2,143
0.3
-46.3
2010
619,913
-16.6
1,266
0.2
-40.9
2011
694,193
12.0
1,426
0.2
12.6
2012
757,434
9.1
1,607
0.2
12.7
2013
779,929
3.0
1,585
0.2
-1.4
Source Table by OEm, data from US Department of Homeland Security: Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2004, Table 32,
Persons naturalized by region and country of birth, fiscal years 1986-2004 (2001-2002); Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2013,
Table 21, Persons naturalized by region and country of birth, fiscal years 2004 to 2013 (2003-2013).
Chart 4.37 United States: acquisition of citizenship by Portuguese, 2001-2013
4,500
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source Chart by OEm, data from US Department of Homeland Security: Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2004, Table 32,
persons naturalized by region and country of birth, fiscal years 1986-2004 (2001-2002); Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2013,
Table 21, persons naturalized by region and country of birth, fiscal years 2004 to 2013 (2003-2013).
112
Venezuela
Table 4.39 Venezuela: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
Year
Annual growth
in percentage
N
N
As a percentage
of all foreign-born
Annual growth
in percentage
2001
1,015,538
..
53,477
5.3
..
2002
..
..
..
..
..
2003
..
..
..
..
..
2004
..
..
..
..
..
2005
..
..
..
..
..
2006
..
..
..
..
..
2007
..
..
..
..
..
2008
..
..
..
..
..
2009
..
..
..
..
..
2010
..
..
..
..
..
2011
1,156,578
..
37,326
3.2
..
2012
..
..
..
..
..
2013
..
..
..
..
..
Source Table by OEm, data from Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Censos de Población e Vivienda 2001 and 2011.
Chart 4.38 Venezuela: stock of migrants born in Portugal, 2001-2013
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
2001
2011
Source Chart by OEm, data from Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Censos de Población e Vivienda 2001, 2011.
113
114
Glossary
Acknowledgment Adapted from European Migration Network (2014), Asylum and Migration Glossary 3.0. A Tool
for Better Comparability, Directorate General for Home Affairs, European Commission. The EMN Glossary has been
developed by the European Migration Network (EMN). The European Commission and the National Contact Points,
which collectively constitute the EMN, accept no responsibility or liability whatsoever with regard to the use made
of the information contained in this Glossary or of the content of the websites from which some terms are
extracted. [LINK]
Any mode of becoming a national, i.e., by birth or at any time after birth, automatic
or non-automatic, based on attribution, declaration, option or application.
Notes [1] Art. 3 (d) of Regulation (EC) No. 862/2007 (Migration Statistics Regulation) refers or relates to the
acquisition of citizenship to those persons having their usual residence in the territory of the Member State and
having acquired during the reference year the citizenship of the Member State and having formerly held the
citizenship of another Member State or a third country or having formerly been a stateless person. [2] One of the
possible ways of acquiring citizenship is through naturalisation, which refers more to the decision / administrative
process by the relevant authorities for the granting of nationality.
Citizenship
The particular legal bond between an individual and their state, acquired by birth
or naturalisation, whether by declaration, choice, marriage or other means according
to national legislation.
Notes [1] Whilst in some Member States a distinction is made between citizenship and nationality, in the EU
context and for the purpose of this glossary, no distinction is made and the two terms are considered to be
interchangeable. In countries which distinguish between citizenship and nationality, the term citizenship refers
specifically to the legal rights and duties of nationals. The European Convention on Nationality, the International
Organisation for Migration (IOM) Glossary and the EUDO Glossary on Citizenship and Nationality prefer the term
“nationality”. [2] According to Art. 1 of the Hague Convention on Certain Questions Relating to the Conflict of
Nationality Law, 1930, it is for each State to determine under its own laws who are its nationals. [3] The tie of
nationality confers individual rights and imposes obligations that a State reserves for its population. Nationality
carries with it certain consequences as regards migration, such as the right of a State to protect its nationals against
violations of their individual rights committed by foreign authorities (particularly by means of diplomatic
protection), the duty to accept its nationals onto its territory, and the prohibition to expel them.
Consular registration
National citizens of a given country residing abroad and registered voluntarily at a consular
office of the origin country. The registration is a consular act, whereby the identification of the
national citizen is inscribed in the archives of the consular office of the area of jurisdiction in
which the citizen is resident or lives occasionally.
115
Emigrant
In the global context, a resident (national or alien) departing or exiting from one State intending to
remain abroad for a period exceeding one year. In the EU context, a person who, having previously
been usually resident in the territory of a Member State, ceases to have their usual residence in that
Member State for a period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12 months.
Note National legislation might understand different time limits in their definitions.
Emigration
In the global context, the act of departing or exiting from one State with the intention to
remain abroad for a period exceeding one year. In the EU context, the action by which a
person, having previously been usually resident in the territory of a Member State, ceases to
have their usual residence in that Member State or another Member State for a period that is,
or is expected to be, of at least 12 months.
Foreign population of a country
All persons who have a certain country as their country of usual residence and who are citizens
of another country.
Immigrant
In the global context, a non-resident (either national or alien) arriving in a State with the intention to
remain for a period exceeding a year. In the EU context, a person who establishes their usual
residence in the territory of a Member State for a period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12
months, having previously been usually resident in another Member State or a third country.
Immigration
In the global context, the act of arriving in a State with the intention to remain for a period exceeding
one year. In the EU context, the action by which a person establishes their usual residence in the
territory of a Member State for a period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12 months, having
previously been usually resident in another Member State or a third country.
Irregular migration
Movement of persons to a new place of residence or transit that takes place outside the
regulatory norms of the sending, transit and receiving countries.
Notes [1] There is no universally accepted definition of irregular migration. From the perspective of destination countries it
is entry, stay or work in a country without the necessary authorisation or documents required under immigration regulations.
From the perspective of the sending country, the irregularity is, for example, seen in cases in which a person crosses an
international boundary without a valid passport or travel document or does not fulfil the administrative requirements for
leaving the country. There is, however, a tendency to restrict the use of the term to cases of smuggling of migrants and
116
trafficking in persons. [2] Defining irregular migration has been the subject of considerable debate. Terms such as illegal,
undocumented, non-documented, and unauthorised migration can have different connotations in national policy debates.
Due to this and the association with criminality the term “illegal migration” should be avoided, as most irregular migrants are
not criminals. Being in a country without the required papers is, in most countries, not a criminal offence but an administrative
infringement. [3] While the UN use the term “irregular” or “undocumented” migration, the European Commission favoured
for a long time the term “illegal immigration”, but more recently refers to “irregular migration” as well. [4] The Council of
Europe differentiates between illegal migration and irregular migrant. Referring to Resolution 1509 (2006) of the Council of
Europe Parliamentary Assembly, “illegal” is preferred when referring to a status or process, whereas “irregular” is preferred
when referring to a person.
Long-term migrant
A person who moves to a country other than that of their usual residence for a period of at
least a year (12 months), so that the country of destination effectively becomes their new
country of usual residence.
Migrant stock
The number of migrants in a given area on a certain date (e.g. 1 January or 31 December)
of the year in question.
Migration
In the global context, movement of a person either across an international border (international
migration), or within a state (internal migration) for more than one year irrespective of the causes,
voluntary or involuntary, and the means, regular or irregular, used to migrate. In the EU context, the
action by which a person either: (i) establishes their usual residence in the territory of a Member
State for a period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12 months, having previously been usually
resident in another Member State or a third country; or (ii) having previously been usually resident in
the territory of a Member State, ceases to have their usual residence in that Member State for a
period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12 months.
Notes [1] At the international level, no universally accepted definition for migration exists. [2] IOM defines migration as
follows: “movement of a person or a group of persons, either across an international border (international migration), or
within a state (internal migration), encompassing any kind of movement of people, whatever its length, composition and
causes”. This broad definition covers all forms of migration (voluntary/forced migration, internal/international migration, longterm/short-term migration), different motives for migration (migration because of political persecution, conflicts, economic
problems, environmental degradation or a combination of these reasons or migration in search of better economic conditions
or conditions of survival or well-being, or other motives such as family reunification) and irrespective of the means used to
migrate (legal/irregular migration). Thus it includes migration of refugees, displaced persons, economic migrants and persons
moving for other purposes, including family reunification. [3] Under the UN, the definition “movements for shorter periods”
would not be considered migration.
Migration flow
The number of migrants crossing a boundary, within a specific time period, for the purpose
of establishing residence.
117
Notes [1] The boundary can range from within national borders, within the EU and international boundaries, and
can range from international migration flows (crossing national borders) and internal migration flows (within the
same national border). [2] UN statistics in particular also refer to “inflows” (flow of migrants entering into a
particular boundary) and “outflows” (flow of migrants leaving a particular boundary).
Net migration
The difference between immigration into and emigration from a given area during the year.
Notes [1] Net migration is negative when the number of emigrants exceeds the number of immigrants. [2] Since
many countries either do not have accurate figures on immigration and emigration or have no figures at all, net
migration is frequently estimated as the difference between total population change and natural increase between
two dates (in Eurostat”s database it is then called corrected net migration). The statistics on net migration are
therefore affected by any statistical inaccuracies in any of the components used for their derivation.
Population stock
The inhabitants of a given area on a certain date (e.g. 31 December) of the year in question.
Note The population is based either on data from the most recent census, adjusted by the components
of population change produced since the last census, or on population registers.
Remittances
Personal remittances. Includes personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal
transfers consist of all current transfers made or received by resident households to or from
nonresident households. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border,
seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not
resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities.
Short-term migrant
A person who moves to a country other than that of their usual residence for a period of at
least three months but less than a year (12 months) except in cases where the movement to
that country is for purposes of recreation, holiday, visits to friends or relatives, business,
medical treatment or religious pilgrimage.
Stock of foreigners
The number of foreign nationals in a given area on a certain date (e.g. 1 January or 31
December) of the year in question.
Notes [1] The term is added because of the two methods used to calculate population stock. [2] Foreign stock can
include migrants plus those born in a given area to foreign parents living in given area.
Temporary migration
Migration for a specific motivation and/or purpose with the intention that afterwards there
will be a return to the country of origin or onward movement.
118
Metadata
www.observatorioemigracao.pt/np4/4093 [OEm_Factbook_2014_Metadata]
Belgium All types of acquisition. Includes only foreigners who were living in Belgium when
they got naturalised. Souce 2001-2012: OECD, International Migration Database, based on the
Belgium National Statistical Office and Ministry of Justice. [LINK]
Canada All types of acquisition. Data refers to country of birth, not to country of previous
nationality. Persons who acquire Canadian citizenship may also hold other citizenships at the
same time if allowed by the country of previous nationality. Application for citizenship can only
be made by a permanent resident after living in Canada for at least three years (1,095 days) in
the four years immediately preceding the apply date. Source 2001-2012: OECD, International
Migration Database, based on Citizenship and Immigration Canada. [LINK]
France All types of acquisition. Data by former nationality. Source 2001-2013: Ministère de
L'Intérieure: immigration, intégration, asile et le dévelopment solidaire. [LINK]
Germany Source 2001-2002: OECD, International Migration Database, based in Statistisches
Bundesamt Deutshland. Source 2003-2013: Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland,
Einbürgerungen, Fachserie 1 Reihe 2.1, 2013, tabelle 3b. [LINK 1] [LINK 2]
Italy Source 2003-2012: Eurostat, Statistics Database: population and social conditions,
acquisition of citizenship by sex, age group and former citizenship. [LINK]
Luxemburg All types of acquisition excluding those of children acquiring nationality as a
consequence of the naturalisation of their parents. Source 2001-2013: Ministère de la Justice:
chiffres clés statistiques en matière d'indigénat. [LINK]
Netherlands Acquisition of Dutch citizenship other than by birth. Dutch citizenship can be
obtained by law (including by adoption), by option, by naturalization (independent or co
119
naturalization) and by recognition. Source 2001-2013: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek:
statline database (Nationaliteitswijzigingen; geslacht, nationaliteit en regeling). [LINK]
Norway Source 2001-2013: Statistics Norway: naturalizations by sex, age and earlier
citizenship, 1977-2013. [LINK]
Spain Includes only acquisitions on grounds of residence in Spain. Data corresponds to
acquisition of citizenship whose resolution depends on the Dirección General de los Registros y
del Notariado, Ministerio de Justicia. Source 2001-2013: Observatorio Permanente de la
Inmigració: concesiones de nacionalidad española por residencia. [LINK]
Switzerland Source 2001-2013: Office Fédéral de la Statistique: acquisition de la nationalité
suisse selon la nationalité antérieure 1981-2013. [LINK]
United Kingdom Source 2001-2003: OECD, International Migration Database, based in
Government UK, Home Office. Source 2004-2013: Government UK, Home Office: immigration
statistics, July to September 2014, citizenship grants by previous country of nationality.
[LINK 1]
[LINK 2]
United States The conferring, by any means, of citizenship upon a person after birth. Data
refers to the fiscal year ending 30 September of each (calendar) year indicated and starting on
1st October of the previous year. Source 2001-2013: US Department of Homeland Security,
Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2004, table 32, persons naturalized by region and country
of birth, fiscal years 1986-2004 (2001-2002), and Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2013,
table 21, persons naturalized by region and country of birth, fiscal years 2004 to 2013 (20032013). [LINK]
Consular registrations
All countries Voluntary registration of Portuguese and relatives in Portuguese consulates.
Source 2012-2013 Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros, Direção-Geral dos Assuntos
Consulares e das Comunidades Portuguesas (DGACCP), Portugal: information provided on
request. Data available in each country page at Observatório da Emigração. [LINK]
120
Foreign population
Belgium Foreign population in the population annual register. Source 2013: Eurostat, based
in the Belgium Direction Générale Statistique et Information Économique. [LINK]
Canada Foreign population in the 2011 Canadian census. The data refers only to people with
one nationality. People with two or more are excluded. In 2011 there were over 18,315
individuals born in Portugal who had a second nationality in addition to the Portuguese one.
Source 2011: Statistics of Canada, National Household Survey 2011: citizenship (5), place of
birth (236), immigrant status and period of immigration (11), age groups (10) and sex (3) for
the population in private households of Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan
areas and census, agglomerations. [LINK]
France Foreign population in the annual census. The data for census surveys is collected by
the municipalities and monitored and organised by the national statistical office. Source 2010:
Institut Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques (INSEE): NAT3B, population par
catégorie socioprofessionnelle et nationalité. [LINK]
Germany Foreig population registered in the Central Register of Foreigners
(Ausländerzentralregister). The number concerns individuals of foreign citizenship living in the
country for at least three months and includes both those born outside Germany and those
born in Germany. Source 2013: Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland, Ausländische
Bevölkerung, Fachserie 1 Reihe 2, 2013, tabelle 7, Ausländische Bevölkerung. [LINK]
Italy Foreign population in the municipal registry offices. Source 2013: Istituto Nazionale di
Statistica: resident foreigners. [LINK]
Luxemburg Foreign population registered each year. Does not include visitors (less than
three months) and cross-border workers. Source 2013: Le Portail des Statistiques du
Luxembourg: population par sexe et par nationalité. [LINK]
Mozambique Foreign population in the Mozambique census. The data refers only to people
with one nationality. People with two or more nationalities are excluded. Source 2007:
Instituto Nacional de Estatística: information provided on request. [LINK]
121
Netherlands Foreign population in the population register. Data concerns 1st January of
2013. Source 2013: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek: population; sex, age and nationality, 1st
January. [LINK]
Norway Foreign population in the population register. Excludes visitors (less than six months)
and cross-border workers. Source 2013: Statistics Norway: population, by sex, age and
citizenship. [LINK]
Spain Foreign population in the population register. Data includes all registered foreign
citizens no matters their administrative status. Source 2013: Instituto Nacional de Estadística,
Padron Municipal de habitantes: datos nacionales por CCAA y por provincias, población por
nacionalidad, pais de nacimiento y sexo. [LINK]
Switzerland Residence permits, including also people who stay in the country more than 12
months. Does not include seasonal or cross-border workers. Source 2013: Office Fédéral de la
Statistique: population résidante permanente et non permanente selon le canton, le sexe,
l'autorisation de résidence, la classe d'âge et la nationalité. [LINK]
United Kingdom Estimates of the foreign population based on the Annual Population Survey
(APS) which is the Labour Force Survey (LFS) plus various sample boosts. Source 2013: Office
for National Statistics, Annual Population Survey (APS) /Labour Force Survey (LFS): population
by country of birth and nationality (2.4. Estimated population of overseas nationals resident in
the United Kingdom by sex, by nationality). [LINK]
United States Estimates of the foreign population based on the annual American Community
Survey. Source 2012: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Fact Finder, advanced
search, race and ethnic groups, detailed groups [enter Portuguese], selected population profile
in the United States, one year estimate. [LINK]
Permanent inflows
Belgium Foreigners holding a residence permit and intending to stay in the country for at
least 3 months. Source 2001-2012 OECD, International Migration Database, based in the
Belgium Direction Générale Statistique et Information Économique. [LINK]
122
Brazil Foreigners holding permanent work permits, indexed to periods for at least 1 year, or
temporary work permits, indexed to the periods of work contracts (which may be more than 1
year or less than 1 year). Source 2004-2013: Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, Coordenação
Geral de Imigração (CGIg): autorizações concedidas a estrangeiros por país de origem.
[LINK 1]
[LINK 2]
[LINK 3]
[LINK 4]
Canada Foreigners holding a permanent resident status. Source 2001-2003: OECD,
International Migration Database, based in Citizenship and Immigration Canada. Source 20042013: Citizenship and Immigration Canada. permanent residents by source country.
[LINK 1]
[LINK 2]
France Specific survey, in which estimate is based on the result of annual census survey
sample of France. Since 2004 the new method is based in the following sample of lodgings: for
the small departments (less than 10.000 habitants) one in five is registered, for the big
departments a sample of 8% is registered every year. Source 2012: Institut Nacional de la
Statistique et des Études Économiques: les immigrés récemment arrivés en France. [LINK]
Germany All foreigners registered, each year, at the Central Register of Foreigners
(Ausländerzentralregister) if they stay in Germany more than ninety days. Foreigners from
outside EU hold a resident permit. The total foreign inflows include the number of foreigners
born in Germany in the year in question. Source 2001-2004: OECD, International Migration
Database, based in Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland. Source 2005-2013: Statistisches
Bundesamt Deutschland: Ausländische Bevölkerung, Ausländische Bevölkerung Fachserie 1
Reihe 2, 2013, tabelle 14. [LINK 1] [LINK 2]
Italy Foreigners holding a residence permit (short-term and long-term). Long-term resident permits
for EU citizens (more than 3 months) grant annual or biennial residence, according to the reason for
their presence in Italy, renewable at the end of the expiration date. Source 2003-2012: OECD,
International Migration Database, based in Italian Ministro dell'Interno. [LINK]
Luxemburg Foreigners who arrived in the country, holding a resident permit and intending to
stay for at least 3 months. Source 2001-2013: Le Portail des statistiques du Luxembourg:
arrivées, 1967-2013. [LINK]
Netherlands For EU citizens arriving in the Netherlands from another country with the
intention of staying in the country for at least four months during the first six months
following, registration is obligatory at the municipality where they are staying. Foreigners from
123
outside EU hold a resident permit that is valid for one year and can be renewed. All inflows are
registered by country of birth. Source 2001-2013: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek: statline
database (population > migration and migrants), external migration; sex, age (31 dec), marital
status and country of birth. [LINK]
Norway Foreigners holding a resident or work permit and intending to stay in the country for
at least 6 months. Source 2001-2013: Statistics Norway: immigration, emigration and net
migration, by citizenship. [LINK]
Spain Foreigners registered in the national Municipal Registers, Padron Municipal de Habitantes,
and intending to stay in the country for at least 1 year. Source 2001-2013: INE España: estadística de
variaciones residenciales, altas por país de nacionalidad sexo y edad. [LINK]
Switzerland Foreigners holding a permanent or an annual resident permit. Holders of an LPermit (short duration) are also included if their stay in the country is longer than 12 months.
Inflow includes also status change by citizenship. In 2014 the Office Fédéral de la Statistique
altered the collection and recording method of accounting inflows in Switzerland. Source 20012013: Office Fédéral de la Statistique: immigration de la population résidante permanente
selon la nationalité, 1991-2013. [LINK]
United Kingdom Foreigner 16 and older who entered the country and were conceded a
National Insurance Number (NIN) by the Department for Work and Pensions (social security
system) because they are looking for work or already obtained employment. Source 2001:
OECD, International Migration Database, based in estimates of international passenger survey
from Office for National Statistics (UK). [LINK]
United Kingdom Foreigner 16 and older who entered the country and were conceded a
National Insurance Number (NIN) by the Department for Work and Pensions (social security
system) because they are looking for work or already obtained employment. Source 20022013: Department for Work and Pensions: stat-explore. [LINK]
United States Inflows correspond to permanent resident permit concessions (including status
changes), by country of birth, in the fiscal year ending 30 September of each (calendar) year indicated
and starting on 1st October of the previous year. Source 2001-2013: US Department of Homeland
Security: Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2013 (table 3, persons obtaining lawful permanent
resident status by region and country of birth: fiscal years 2004 to 2013). [LINK]
124
Remittances
All countries Personal remittances. Includes personal transfers and compensation of
employees. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers made or received by resident
households to or from nonresident households. Compensation of employees refers to the
income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy
where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Source 20122013: World Bank, World DataBank, World Development Indicators. [LINK]
Portugal Personal remittances. Includes personal transfers and compensation of employees.
Personal transfers consist of all current transfers made or received by resident households to
or from nonresident households. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border,
seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not
resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Source 2012-2013: Banco de
Portugal, Balance of Payment Statistics (BOP). [LINK]
Stock of foreign-born
Belgium Foreign-born population in population register. Source 2001-2012: OECD,
International Migration Database, based in the Belgium Direction Générale Statistique et
Information Économique. Source 2013: Eurostat, based in the national Direction Générale
Statistique et Information Économique (Belgium). [LINK 1] [LINK 2]
Brazil Foreign-born population in the 2000 and the 2010 Brasilian censuses. Source 2000 and 2010:
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística: information provided on request. [LINK 1] [LINK 2]
Canada Foreign-born population in the 2001, 2006 and the 2011 Canadian censuses. Source
2001, 2006, 2011: Statistics Canada, Place of Birth. [LINK 1] [LINK 2] [LINK 3]
France Foreign-born population in the annual censuses. The data for census surveys is collected by
the municipalities and monitored and organised by the national statistical office. Source 2005: Institut
Nacional de la Statistique et des Études Économiques (INSEE): données socio-démographiques sur les
étrangers et les immigrés, pays de naissance. [LINK 1] [LINK 2] [LINK 3]
Germany Microcensus, based in the records of the national Central Register of Foreigners
(Ausländerzentralregister). Data for those born in Portugal correspond to those who were born
125
outside Germany with Portuguese citizenship (the only available data). Source 2001-2013:
Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland: Ausländische Bevölkerung, Fachserie 1 Reihe 2, 2013,
tabelle 7 (2013). [LINK]
Italy Source 2011-2012: OECD, International Migration Database based in Italian Istituto
Nazionale di Statistica. [LINK]
Luxemburg Foreign-born population in the 2001 Luxemburg census. Source 2001: Le Portail
des Statistiques du Luxembourg: population totale par sexe et groupe d'âge selon le pays de
naissance 2001. Source 2011: Le Portail des Statistiques du Luxembourg: population par pays
de naissance et situation socio-économique au 1er février 2011. [LINK 1] [LINK 2]
Netherlands Foreign-born population in the Municipal Population Register. Data concerns
1st January of each year. Source 2001-2013: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek: statline
database, population, persons (first generation background). [LINK]
Norway Foreign-born population in the Central Population Register. Data concerns 1st
January of each year. Source 2001-2013: Statistics Norway: immigrant and norwegian-born to
immigrant parents. [LINK]
Spain Foreign-born population in the Population Register. Data concerns 1st January of each
year. Source 2001-2013: INE España, Padrón Municipal de Habitantes: datos nacionales por
CCAA y por provincias, población por nacionalidad, pais de nacimiento y sexo. [LINK]
Switzerland Foreign-born population in the censuses and residence permits. Until 2009 data
concerning migrants born in Portugal relates to migrants born outside Switzerland with
Portuguese citizenship (the only available data), excluding those born in Portugal with a
foreign citizenship. Source 2005-2009: Office Fédéral de la Statistique: titulaires d'autorisation
de séjour ou d'établissement selon la nationalité par pays, le lieu de naissance et la durée de
résidence. [LINK]
Switzerland Foreign-born population in the censuses and residence permits. From 2010 data
concerns all migrants born in Portugal. Source 2010-2013: Office Fédéral de la Statistique:
population résidante permanente et non permanente selon le canton, le sexe, la nationalité, le
pays de naissance et l'âge. [LINK]
126
United Kingdom Estimates of foreign-born population based on the Annual Population
Survey (APS) which is the Labour Force Survey (LFS) plus various sample boosts. Source 20012013: Office for National Statistics, Annual Population Survey (APS) /Labour Force Survey (LFS),
Population by country of birth and nationality (1.4. Estimated overseas-born population
resident in the United Kingdom by sex, by country of birth). [LINK]
United States Estimates of foreign-born population based inCurrent Population Survey.
Source 2001-2013: US Census Bureau, Current Population Survey: Data Ferret, March
supplement [select year], view variables, person variables, demographics, country of birth,
person. [LINK]
Venezuela Foreign-born population in the 2001 and the 2011 Venezuelan censuses. Source 2001:
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Censo de Población y Vivienda 2001 en REDATAM: población,
población nacida en el exterior por año de llegada a Venezuela, según país de nacimiento. Source
2011: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Censo 2011: unidades de observación, características de las
personas, migración, migración toda la vida. [LINK 1] [LINK 2]
127
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132
oem
The Observatório da Emigração (OEm) is based at the Centre
for Research and Studies in Sociology (CIES-IUL), at the University
Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL).
www.observatorioemigracao.pt
ISBN: 978-989-20-5329-5

factbook 2014 - Observatório da Emigração

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