list of registered - EXRS 2010
Transcrição
list of registered - EXRS 2010
20 – 25 June 2010 Figueira da Foz, Coimbra PORTUGAL http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 1 http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 2 Welcome The Local Organizing Committee of the European Conference on X-ray Spectrometry (EXRS 2010) is pleased to welcome all participants in Figueira da Foz. About 290 delegates from 37 countries will have the opportunity to exchange ideas and knowledge related to X-ray Spectrometry, including fundamental aspects, technological developments, traditional and novel areas of application and interdisciplinary research. We thank our sponsors and all the people that contributed for this event to take place. We hope that you enjoy your participation in EXRS 2010. Joaquim M. F. dos Santos EXRS 2010 Chair, on behalf of the Local Organizing Committee Conference organization EXRS 2010 is organized by GIAN (Atomic and Nuclear Instrumentation Group), Instrumentation Centre of the Physics Department, University of Coimbra, Portugal, in cooperation with the Atomic Physics Group of the University of Lisbon and the European Xray Spectrometry Association. E-mail: [email protected] Conference Web-page: http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ Local Organizing Committee International Advisory Committee Joaquim Santos, University of Coimbra - Chair Burkhard Beckhoff, Germany M. Luisa Carvalho, University of Lisbon- Co-chair Maria Luisa Carvalho, Portugal Cristina Monteiro, University of Coimbra Roberto Cesareo, Italy Elisabete Freitas, University of Coimbra Stjepko Fazinić, Croatia Hugo Natal da Luz, University of Coimbra Jorge E. Fernandez, Italy João Veloso, University of Aveiro René Van Grieken, Belgium José Lopes, University of Coimbra Yohichi Gohshi, Japan Luis Requicha Ferreira, University of Coimbra Marie-Christine Lepy, France Luis Fernandes, University of Coimbra Marcelo Rubio, Argentina Manuela Ramos Silva, University of Coimbra Eva Selin-Lindgren, Sweden Szabina Török, Hungary Peter Wobrauschek, Austria http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 3 Conference Secretariat Address: ADDF, Physics Department, University of Coimbra Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal Phone number: + 351 239410101; Fax: +351 239829158 E-mail: [email protected] Scientific Program EXRS 2010 is the 14th in a series of biennial conferences which bring together scientists from the various research fields of X-ray spectrometry, using photon beams, electrons or other energetic particles. The conference programme will consist of 10 invited lectures (30 min) from distinguished scientists, 129 oral presentations (20 min) and 170 poster contributions. Scientific Topics 1. Interactions of X-rays with matter and fundamental parameters; 2. X-ray sources, optics and detectors; 3. Quantification methodology; 4. TXRF, GIXRF and related techniques; 5. Microbeam techniques; 6. Mobile and portable XRF; 7. WDXRS; 8. Synchrotron XRS; 9. PIXE and electron induced XRS; 10. Recent Scientific Developments by XRS Instrumentation Manufacturers; 11. X-ray imaging and tomography; 12. High resolution X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy; 13. XRS Applications: a. Advanced materials and nanoscience; b. Art and Cultural Heritage; c. Earth and environment sciences; d. Industrial quality and process control; e. Life sciences and forensics. http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 4 Conference Sponsors We thank the following institutions and companies for supporting the conference: EXSA – European X-ray Spectrometry Association (http://www.exsa.hu) GIAN – Grupo de Instrumentação Atómica e Nuclear (http://gian.fis.uc.pt/pt/index.html) FCTUC – Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (http://www.uc.pt/fctuc) Universidade de Coimbra (http://www.uc.pt) ADDF – Associação para o Desenvolvimento do Departamento de Física da FCTUC Universidade de Lisboa (http://www.ul.pt) Figueira Grande Turismo (http://www.figueiraturismo.com) Câmara Municipal da Figueira da Foz (http://www.figueiradigital.com/cmff) CAE, Figueira da Foz (http://www.cae.pt) Invited Speakers Román Padilla-Alvarez International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria Topic 3, Thursday 8:30 Peter Brouwer PANalytical BV, The Netherlands Topic 4, Wednesday 8:30 Sultan Dabagov INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy Topic 2, Friday 8:30 Matthias Müller Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany Topic 8, Tuesday 13:30 Stanislaw Piorek Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA Topic 6, Monday 9:30 Ignacio Queralt Topic 13c, Thursday 8:30 Institute of Earth Sciences “Jaume Almera”, Barcelona, Spain Jan-Erik Rubensson Topic 12, Monday 9:30 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Sweden Francesc Salvat Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain Topic 1, Monday 14:30 Shangjun Zhuo Topic 13d, Thursday 14:30 Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Acad. Sciences, Shanghai, China Matjaz Zitnik Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ Topic 11, Monday 14:30 5 Proceedings of the EXRS 2010 Abstracts of all accepted contributions will be published in the Book of Abstracts that will be distributed to all participants during registration. Only abstracts of registered people will be included in the Book of Abstracts and in the Conference Proceedings. The Conference Proceedings will be published in a CD-ROM and sent to participants after the conference. The proceedings will contain all presentations in pdf format as well as the submitted manuscripts, except for those accepted for publication in X-Ray Sprectrometry. Oral Presentations Each oral presentation is entitled to 15 minutes + 5 min for questions. All technical material will be presented with a digital projector and a PC running Microsoft Powerpoint. We kindly ask you to load your file into the presentation machines at least one session prior to the one in which you are to present. Speakers should be present at least 15 minutes before the beginning of the Session in which they will give their presentation, in order to introduce themselves to the Session Chair. Poster Presentations The size of the poster should not exceed A0 (841 mm x 1189 mm). Authors will have the opportunity to discuss their posters during the respective poster session. Posters should be displayed in the morning and should be removed after the end of the session. Manuscripts Authors of accepted contributions are invited to submit one single manuscript per attendee for publication in a special issue of X-Ray Spectrometry (Wiley Interscience). Manuscripts should be prepared in the strict format of the Journal and will be reviewed in its normal review procedure. Manuscripts can only be submitted online, mentioning that the manuscript is intended for the special issue of EXRS2010. The on-line submission must be done before June 30. Instructions for authors can be found in: http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0049-8246/authors.html http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 6 Industrial Exhibition Traditionally, EXRS conferences include an Industrial Exhibition featuring companies producing X-ray related instruments and consumables. EXRS2010 will be held in "CAE - Centro de Artes e Espectáculos", Figueira da Foz, a modern Conference Hall with pleasant ample space, including an inner garden with glazed roof. The Industrial Exhibition stands will be located in the common foyer of the entrance to both auditoria and poster area. It will take place during the whole conference period. Exhibitors (in alphabetical order): AMPTEK, Inc. http://www.amptek.com/ BRUKER AXS http://www.bruker-axs-ma.com/ Cambridge Scientific http://www.cambridgescientific.net/ CANBERRA http://www.canberra.com/ CLAISSE http://www.claisse.com/ e2v Scientific Instruments http://www.e2vsi.com/ AMETEK/EDAX/ SPECTRO http://www.ametek.de/ http://www.edax.com/ http://spectro.com/ Elvatech, Ltd. http://www.elvatech.com/ Gravimeta, Lda. http://www.gravimeta.pt/ Fischer-Instruments, S.A. http://www.helmut-fischer.com/ KETEK GmbH http://www.ketek.net/ MOXTEK, Inc. http://www.moxtek.com/ PANalytical B.V. http://www.panalytical.com/ PNDetector GmbH http://www.pndetector.de/ PNSensor GmbH http://www.pnsensor.de/ Rigaku http://www.rigaku.com/ ROENALYTIC GmbH/ Schaefer GmbH http://www.roentgenanalytik.de/ http://www.schaefer-tec.com/ SII NanoTechnology USA Inc. http://www.siintusa.com/ Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. http://www.thermo.fr/ ToIvEl Co. http://www.toivel.com/ XIA LLC http://www.xia.com/ X-Ray Optical Systems, Inc. (XOS®) http://www.xos.com/ http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 7 Social Program Sunday, June 20 18:30-19:10 Choir Concert 19:15-20:00 Welcome Reception Monday, June 21 12:50-14:30 Conference Lunch: “Sardine Gastronomic Festival of Figueira” Tuesday, June 22 18:00 Wine Degustation Wednesday, June 23 14:00-19:00 Excursion Thursday, June 24 20:15 Banquet Friday, June 25 16:00 Closing Ceremony & Coffee Accompanying persons: 2 (or 3) guided tours are foreseen for accompanies: Salt ponds and Salt Museum in the estuary of Mondego river; Bus-trip around the city of Figueira da Foz and the fisherman’s village Buarcos, with stops at the interesting spots; Visit to Sotto Mayor Palace. http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 8 Sunday 17:00-18:30 Registration 18:30-19:15 Choir Concert 19:15-20:00 Welcome Reception Monday 8:00-9:00 Registration 9:00-9:30 Welcome and Opening Session 1: Mobile and portable XRF Session 2: High resolution X-Ray absorption and X-Ray spectroscopy 9:30-10:00 PIOREK, Stanislaw RUBENSSON, Jan-Erik 10:00-10:20 HOCQUET, François-Philippe STJEPKO, Fazinic 10:20-10:40 KAWAI, Jun MARQUES, J. P. 10:40-11:00 NAKAYE, Yasukazu POLLAKOWSKI, Beatrix 11:00-11:30 Coffee Break 11:30-11:50 MIGLIORI, Alessandro FRAENKEL, Benjamin 11:50-12:10 IWATA, Akihiko SILVERSMIT, Geert 12:10-12:30 KUNIMURA, Shinsuke ANKLAMM, Lars 12:30-12:50 BUZANICH, Günter LE GUEN, Karine 12:50-14:30 Conference Lunch: “Sardine Gastronomic Festival of Figueira” Session 3: Interactions of X-Rays with matter and fundamental parameters Session 4: X-Ray imaging and tomography 14:30-15:00 SALVAT, Francesc ZITNIK, Matzaj 15:00-15:20 AMARO, Pedro HASCHKE, Michael 15:20-15:40 FERNANDEZ, Jorge TSUJI, Kouichi 15:40-16:00 SANTOS, José Paulo BENDAHAN, Joseph 16:00-16:30 Coffee Break 16:30-16:50 SCOT, Viviana BRUYNDONCKX, Peter 16:50-17:10 ERDOĞAN, Hasan JANSSENS, Koen 17:10-18:30 Poster Session http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 9 Tuesday Session 5: Interactions of X-Rays with matter and fundamental parameters Session 6: X-Ray imaging and tomography 8:30-8:50 JONNARD, Philippe DE SAMBER, Björn 8:50-9:10 SOKARAS, Dimosthenis SZALóKI, Imre 9:10-9:30 BECKHOFF, Burkhard LIMA, Inayá 9:30-9:50 MÉNESGUEN, Yves RIBEIRO PEREIRA, Gabriela 9:50-10:10 MACIEJEWSKA, Karina FRIZZI, Tommaso 10:10-10:40 Coffee Break 10:40-11:00 SCHOONJANS, Tom SOLTAU, Heike 11:00-11:20 HODOROABA, Dan WHITE, Victor 11:20-11:40 PAPP, Tibor FIGUEROA, Rodolfo 11:40-12:00 REUTER, Dirk SCHARF, Oliver 12:00-13:30 Lunch Session 7: Recent scientific developments by XRS instrumentation manufacturers Session 8: Synchrotron XRS; PIXE and electron induced XRS; WDXRS Ivaylo Peev (TOIVEL) 13:30-14:00 Tibor Papp (CAMBRIDGE SCI.) MÜLLER, Matthias Robert H Redus (AMPTEK) 14:00-14:20 14:20-14:40 14:40-15:00 15:00-15:20 15:20-15:40 Kohei Kansai (RIGAKU) Peter Grudberg (XIA LLC) Sebastien Rivard (CLAISSE) Joan Pujol (FISHER INSTRUMENTS) Reinhard Singer (ROENALYTIC) Ralf Terborg (BRUKER-NANO) Gordon Myers (SII NANOTEC USA) A. Niculae (PNDSENSOR) A. Niculae (PNDETECTOR) P. Lamberge (THERMO FISHER) http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ VINCZE, Laszlo LANKOSZ, Marek KAVCIC, Matjaz STRÜDER, Lothar KOUMEIR, Charbel 10 15:40-16:10 16:10-16:30 Coffee Break Sanjay Kamtekar (XOS) LLOVET, Xavier Kris Kozacek (MOXTEK) Bruno Vrebos (PANALYTICAL) 16:30-16:50 Jürgen Knobloch (KETEK) WILCOX, Jaroslava Andreas Wittkopp (AMETEK) 16:50-18:30 Poster Session 18:00 Wine Degustation 18:15-19:15 EXSA General Assembly Wednesday Session 9: Life Sciences and forensics Session 10: TXRF, GIXRF and related techniques 8:30-9:00 8:40 - CHETTLE, David BROUWER, Peter 9:00-9:20 GRAGG III, Richard D. WOBRAUSCHEK, Peter 9:20-9:40 FLEMING, David PEPPONI, Giancarlo 9:40-10:00 EICHERT, Diane KALLITHRAKAS-KONTOS, N. 10:00-10:20 NAKAI, Izumi KAYSER, Yves 10:20-10:50 Coffee Break 10:50-11:10 MATJACIC, Lidija OSAN, Janos 11:10-11:30 ANTUNES, Andrea NUTSCH, Andreas 11:30-11:50 REGO, Florbela REINHARDT, Falk 11:50-12:10 ZVEREVA, Valentina PAGELS, Marcel 12:10-12:30 MILIC, Ana HAMPAI, Dariush 12:30-14:00 Lunch 14:00-19:00 Excursion http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 11 Thursday Session 11: Earth and environment sciences Session 12: Quantification methodology 8:30-9:00 QUERALT, Ignacio PADILLA, Roman 9:00-9:20 BOMAN, Johan WOLFF, Timo 9:20-9:40 VAN MEEL, Katleen CZYZYCKI, Mateusz 9:40-10:00 FURGER, Markus GARDNER, Robin 10:00-10:20 HOKURA, Akiko GAZULLA, Mª Fernanda 10:20-10:50 Coffee Break 10:50-11:10 HOMMA, Hisashi BLOKHINA, Elena 11:10-11:30 OBHODAS, Jasmina MANTLER, Michael 11:30-11:50 MASSABO, Dario LÜHL, Lars 11:50-12:10 RICHARD, Agnes NENSEL, Bernhard 12:10-12:30 RO, Chul-Un WELLENREUTHER, Gerd 12:30-14:00 Lunch 14:00-14:20 LUO, Liqiang 14:20-14:40 MARGUI, Eva 14:10 - KESSLER, Jens Session 13: Advanced materials and nanoscience Session 14: Industrial quality and process control 14:40-15:00 H - ARCON, Iztok 14:30 - ZHUO, Shangjun 15:00-15:20 STREECK, Cornelia DILL, Simone 15:20-15:40 KRAEMER, Markus GAO, Ning 15:40-16:00 SILVA, Pedro COELHO, Luis 16:00-16:30 Coffee Break 16:30-16:50 Fundamental Parameter Initiative ANYSZKIEWICZ, Jacek 16:50-17:10 (M.C. Lépy, B. Beckhoff, M. Mantler) RIVARD, Sébastien – Survey and discussion 17:10-18:30 Poster Session 20:15 Banquet http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 12 Friday Session 15: X-Ray sources, optics and detectors Session 16: Art and cultural heritage 8:30-9:00 DABAGOV, Sultan 8:40 - ALFELD, Matthias 9:00-9:20 COVITA, Daniel LEMBERGE, Pascal 9:20-9:40 EGGERT, Tobias KRIZNAR, Anabelle 9:40-10:00 SILVA, Ana Luísa GÓMEZ-TENA, M.P. 10:00-10:20 GRIGORIEVA, Inna FIGUEIREDO, Maria Ondina 10:20-10:50 Coffee Break 10:50-11:10 TERBORG, Ralf FRAGOSO, Emanuela 11:10-11:30 TOMAS, Alfredo TRUNOVA, Valentina 11:30-11:50 FERNANDES, Luis BUCCOLIERI, Giovanni 11:50-12:10 MANTOUVALOU, Ioanna APPOLONI, C. Roberto. 12:10-12:30 RACKWITZ, Vanessa RODRIGUES, Marta 12:30-14:00 Lunch 14:00-14:20 RODRIGUES, Matias FURTADO, Maria 14:20-14:40 SCOULLAR, Paul GIL, Francisco 14:40-15:00 CARRAMATE, Lara CONSTANTINESCU, Bogdan 15:00-15:20 SIMSEK, Atakan Le GAC, Agnès 15:20-15:40 TAIBI, Angelo CAVALLO, Giovanni 15:40-16:00 UKIBE, Masahiro CALZA, Cristiane 16:00 Conference Closing Coffee Break http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 13 http://exrs2010.fis.uc.pt/ 14 'HWDLOHG3URJUDP ^hEzͲ:hEϮϬ͕ϮϬϭϬ ϭϳ͗ϬϬʹϭϴ͗ϯϬ ϭϴ͗ϯϬʹϭϵ͗ϭϱ ϭϵ͗ϭϱʹϮϬ͗ϬϬ ZĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƚŝŽŶ ŚŽŝƌŽŶĐĞƌƚ ZĞĐĞƉƚŝŽŶ DKEzͲ:hEϮϭ͕ϮϬϭϬ Ϭϴ͗ϬϬͲϬϵ͗ϬϬ Ϭϵ͗ϬϬͲϬϵ͗ϯϬ ZĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƚŝŽŶ tĞůĐŽŵĞĂŶĚKƉĞŶŝŶŐ ΎZŽŽŵ'с'ƌĂŶĚƵĚŝƚŽƌŝƵŵ ΎZŽŽŵ^с^ŵĂůůƵĚŝƚŽƌŝƵŵ ^ĞƐƐŝŽŶϭ͗DŽďŝůĞĂŶĚ ƉŽƌƚĂďůĞyZ& ^ĞƐƐŝŽŶϮ͗,ŝŐŚƌĞƐŽůƵƚŝŽŶyͲ ƌĂLJĂďƐŽƌƉƚŝŽŶĂŶĚyͲƌĂLJ ƐƉĞĐƚƌŽƐĐŽƉLJ ZŽŽŵ'ͲŚĂŝƌ͗ZĞŶĠsĂŶ'ƌŝĞŬĞŶ ZŽŽŵ^ͲŚĂŝƌ͗WĞƚĞƌtŽďƌĂƵƐĐŚĞŬ Ϭϵ͗ϯϬʹϭϬ͗ϬϬ Ϭϵ͗ϯϬʹϭϬ͗ϬϬ /Es/d>dhZ͗ WĂƐƚ͕ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶĚĨƵƚƵƌĞŽĨĨŝĞůĚͲ ƉŽƌƚĂďůĞĂŶĚŚĂŶĚŚĞůĚyZ&ĂŶĂůLJnjĞƌƐ ĂŶĚƚŚĞŝƌƌŽůĞŝŶǀĂƌŝŽƵƐĨŝĞůĚƐŽĨ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJĂŶĚƐĐŝĞŶĐĞ /Es/d>dhZ͗ 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ZŽŽŵ^ͲŚĂŝƌ͗DĂƌŝĞͲŚƌŝƐƚŝŶĞ>ĠƉLJ ϭϭ͗ϯϬʹϭϭ͗ϱϬ ϭϭ͗ϯϬʹϭϭ͗ϱϬ WĞƌĨŽƌŵĂŶĐĞĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐĂƚŝŽŶŽĨĂ ĐƵƐƚŽŵͲƌĞĂůŝƐĞĚƉŽƌƚĂďůĞyZ& ƐƉĞĐƚƌŽŵĞƚĞƌ ďƐŽůƵƚĞƐƚĂŶĚĂƌĚƐĨŽƌyͲƌĂLJ tĂǀĞůĞŶŐƚŚƐ ĞŶũĂŵŝŶ^͘&ƌĂĞŶŬĞů͕ǁŝ,͘<ĂůŵĂŶ ͘ DŝŐůŝŽƌŝ͕ W͘ ŽŶĂŶŶŝ͕ >͘ ĂƌƌĂƌĞƐŝ͕ E͘ 'ƌĂƐƐŝ ĂŶĚW͘͘DĂŶĚž ϭϭ͗ϱϬʹϭϮ͗ϭϬ ϭϭ͗ϱϬʹϭϮ͗ϭϬ yͲƌĂLJĨůƵŽƌĞƐĐĞŶĐĞĂŶĂůLJƐŝƐŽĨƌŽĐŬƐ ƵƐŝŶŐĂďĞŶĐŚƚŽƉtͲyZ& ϯĐŽŶĨŽĐĂů&ĞͲ<yE^ŽŶŝŶĐůƵƐŝŽŶƐŝŶ ͞ƵůƚƌĂͲĚĞĞƉ͟ĚŝĂŵŽŶĚƐ ͘/ǁĂƚĂ͕<͘<ĂŶƐĂŝ͕z͘<ĂƚĂŽŬĂ͕:͘<ĂǁĂŝ '͘^ŝůǀĞƌƐŵŝƚ͕͘sĞŬĞŵĂŶƐ͕d͘^ĐŚŽŽŶũĂŶƐ͕^͘ ^ĐŚŵŝƚnj͕&͘͘ƌĞŶŬĞƌ͕>͘sŝŶĐnjĞ ϭϮ͗ϭϬʹϭϮ͗ϯϬ ϭϮ͗ϭϬʹϭϮ͗ϯϬ hůƚƌĂdƌĂĐĞůĞŵĞŶƚĂůĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂƚŝŽŶ hƐŝŶŐdyZ&^ƉĞĐƚƌŽŵĞƚƌLJǁŝƚŚ>Žǁ WŽǁĞƌyͲZĂLJdƵďĞ ,ŝŐŚƌĞƐŽůƵƚŝŽŶyͲƌĂLJĞŵŝƐƐŝŽŶ ƐƉĞĐƚƌŽƐĐŽƉLJĨŽƌĐŚĞŵŝĐĂůƐƉĞĐŝĂƚŝŽŶ ǁŝƚŚĂŶĞǁĚĞǀĞůŽƉĞĚ,W'ǀŽŶͲ ,ĂŵŽƐƐƉĞĐƚƌŽŵĞƚĞƌ ^ŚŝŶƐƵŬĞ<ƵŶŝŵƵƌĂĂŶĚ:ƵŶ<ĂǁĂŝ >͘ŶŬůĂŵŵ͕D͘WĂŐĞůƐ͕,͘>ĞŐĂůů͕,͘^ƚŝĞů͕͘ <ĂŶŶŐŝĞƘĞƌ͕t͘DĂůnjĞƌ͕D͘DƺůůĞƌ͕͘ĞĐŬŚŽĨĨ͕ /͘'ƌĞŐŽƌŝĞǀĂ͕͘ŶƚŽŶŽǀ ϭϮ͗ϯϬʹϭϮ͗ϱϬ ϭϮ͗ϯϬʹϭϮ͗ϱϬ WZd;WŽƌƚĂďůĞZdŶĂůLJƐĞƌͿͲŶyZĂLJ ^ƉĞĐƚƌŽŵĞƚĞƌĨŽƌƐƉĞĐŝĂů ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƚŝŽŶƐŝŶƵůƚƵƌĂů,ĞƌŝƚĂŐĞ ŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝnjĂƚŝŽŶŽĨhsƉĞƌŝŽĚŝĐ ŵƵůƚŝůĂLJĞƌƐ 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ZĂĚŝĂƚŝŽŶƚŽŝĂŐŶŽƐƚŝĐZĂĚŝŽůŽŐLJ͗Ă dŚĞŽƌĞƚŝĐĂů^ƚƵĚLJ yͲZĂLJŝĨĨƌĂĐƚŝŽŶĂŶĂůLJƐŝƐŽĨŝƌŽŶŽdžŝĚĞƐ ĂŶĚĐůĂLJƉĂŝŶƚŝŶŐƌĂǁŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐĨƌŽŵ ZĂũĂƐƚŚĂŶ^ƚĂƚĞ;Et/ŶĚŝĂͿ '͘ŝŽŵĞŶŝĐŽ͕W͘ĂƌĚĂƌĞůůŝ͕D͘'ĂŵďĂĐĐŝŶŝ͕ D͘DĂƌnjŝĂŶŝ͕͘dĂŝďŝ '͘ĂǀĂůůŽ͕D͘<͘WĂŶĚŝƚ ϭϱ͗ϰϬʹϭϲ͗ϬϬ ϭϱ͗ϰϬʹϭϲ͗ϬϬ &ĂďƌŝĐĂƚŝŽŶŽĨƐƵƉĞƌĐŽŶĚƵĐƚŝŶŐƚƵŶŶĞů ũƵŶĐƚŝŽŶƐĨŽƌƐŽĨƚyͲƌĂLJƐƉĞĐƚƌŽŵĞƚĞƌƐ yZ&ĂŶĂůLJƐŝƐŽĨĂƌƚŝĨĂĐƚƐĨƌŽŵ ŶĐŝĞŶƚŐLJƉƚƵƐŝŶŐĂƉŽƌƚĂďůĞƐLJƐƚĞŵ D͘hŬŝďĞ͕^͘^ŚŝŬŝ͕z͘<ŝƚĂũŝŵĂ͕D͘KŚŬƵďŽ ͘ĂůnjĂ͕Z͘W͘&ƌĞŝƚĂƐ͕͘ƌĂŶĐĂŐůŝŽŶ:ƌ͕͘Z͘d͘ >ŽƉĞƐ ϭϲ͗ϬϬŽŶĨĞƌĞŶĐĞĐůŽƐŝŶŐ ϭϲ͗ϬϬŽŶĨĞƌĞŶĐĞĐůŽƐŝŶŐ ŽĨĨĞĞ ŽĨĨĞĞ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW >/^dK&Z'/^dZ /'h>͕KƐŵĂŶ ŽĂĚŝŐƵnjĞůΛĨŝƌĂƚ͘ĞĚƵ͘ƚƌ &ŝƌĂƚhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ůĂnjŝŐͲdƵƌŬĞLJ 'Z͕&ƌĂŶĐŝƐĐŽ:͘ ĨũĂŐĞƌΛƵƐ͘ĞƐ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĚĞ^ĞǀŝůůĂ >&>͕DĂƚƚŚŝĂƐ ŵĂƚƚŚŝĂƐ͘ĂůĨĞůĚΛƵĂ͘ĂĐ͘ďĞ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŶƚǁĞƌƉ͕ ĞůŐŝƵŵ >Ks͕EŝŬŽůĂŝ ŶͺĂůŽǀΛŵĂŝů͘ƌƵ DŽƐĐŽǁ^ƚĂƚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ DZK͕WĞĚƌŽ ĂŵĂƌŽǀΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ &ĞŶƚƌŽ&şƐŝĐĂƚſŵŝĐĂ EZ/͕sĞůŝďŽƌ ǀĞůĂŶΛǀŝŶĐĂ͘ƌƐ s/E/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨEƵĐůĞĂƌ ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ E<>DD͕>ĂƌƐ ĂŶŬůĂŵŵΛƉŚLJƐŝŬ͘ƚƵͲďĞƌůŝŶ͘ĚĞ dhĞƌůŝŶ EdKEKs͕ůĞdžĂŶĚĞƌ ĂŶƚŽŶŽǀĂΛŽƉƚŝŐƌĂƉŚ͘ĞƵ KƉƚŝŐƌĂƉŚ'ŵď, EdhE^͕ŶĚƌĞĂ ĂŶƚƵŶĞƐΛŝŶĨŝƐ͘ƵĨƵ͘ďƌ Ez^</t/͕:ĂĐĞŬ ũĂĐĞŬĂŶΛŝŵŶ͘ŐůŝǁŝĐĞ͘Ɖů WWK>KE/͕ĂƌůŽƐ ZŽďĞƌƚŽ ĂƉƉŽůŽŶŝΛƵĞů͘ďƌ ZƷ:K͕D͘&ĄƚŝŵĂ ĨĂƌĂƵũŽΛŝƚŶ͘Ɖƚ ZKE͕/njƚŽŬ ŝnjƚŽŬ͘ĂƌĐŽŶΛƵŶŐ͘Ɛŝ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨEŽǀĂ'ŽƌŝĐĂ ^&KZ͕sŝǀŝĂŶĞ ǀŝŬŚŽƵƌLJΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ &ĞĚĞƌĂůhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ WĞƌŶĂŵďƵĐŽ ,>Z͕ZŽďĞƌƚ ƌŽďĞƌƚ͘ďĂĞĐŚůĞƌΛƌĚůƐ͘ŶĞƐƚůĞ͘ĐŽŵ EĞƐƚůĠ͕^ǁŝƚnjĞƌůĂŶĚ ͕/^> ŵŝďĂĞnjΛĂƌƚ͘ƵĐŵ͘ĞƐ ŽŵƉůƵƚĞŶƐĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ DĂĚƌŝĚ͕^ƉĂŝŶ >>͕DĂƌŬƵƐ ďĂůůΛŝĨŝĐ͘Ƶǀ͘ĞƐ /&/͕sĂůĞŶĐŝĂ͕^ƉĂŝŶ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨWŚLJƐŝĐƐ͕hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ ŽĨhďĞƌůĂŶĚŝĂ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨEŽŶͲ&ĞƌƌŽƵƐ DĞƚĂůƐ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞƐƚĂĚƵĂůĚĞ >ŽŶĚƌŝŶĂ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŽdĞĐŶŽůſŐŝĐŽĞ EƵĐůĞĂƌ ZZdK͕:ŽĆŽ&ƌĂŶĐŝƐĐŽ ũŽĂŽĂƌƌŽďĂΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ &ĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂƐĞ dĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂ͕hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞ EŽǀĂĚĞ>ŝƐďŽĂ Ġ͕DĂƌŝĞͲDĂƌƚŝŶĞ ŵŵďĞΛĐĞĂ͘Ĩƌ ͕&ƌĂŶĐĞ <,K&&͕ƵƌŬŚĂƌĚ ƵƌŬŚĂƌĚ͘ĞĐŬŚŽĨĨΛWd͘ĚĞ WŚLJƐŝŬĂůŝƐĐŚͲdĞĐŚŶŝƐĐŚĞ ƵŶĚĞƐĂŶƐƚĂůƚ E,E͕:ŽƐĞƉŚ ũďĞŶĚĂŚĂŶΛƌĂƉŝƐĐĂŶƐLJƐƚĞŵƐ͘ĐŽŵ ZĂƉŝƐĐĂŶ^LJƐƚĞŵƐ EdK͕ŶƚſŶŝŽ ďĞŶƚŽΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ d,<͕:ŽŚĂŶŶĞƐ ďĞƚŚŬĞΛdžƐϰĂůů͘Ŷů ŶƚĞĐŚ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐsͲ>ƵŵŝŶŝƐ 'ƌŽƵƉ /h͕dŚĞŽ ƚŚĞŽΛĂƚŽŵ͘ƉŚLJƐŝŬ͘ƚƵͲďĞƌůŝŶ͘ĚĞ dƵĞƌůŝŶ :KhD/<,Ks͕ ^ĞŵĨŝƌĂ ŐĞƐĐŚĞǀĂΛŝĨŐͲĂĚůĞƌƐŚŽĨ͘ĚĞ /Ĩ'͕/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞĨŽƌ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐ /ŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚƐ >/Z͕'ůĞŶ ŐůĞŶ͘ďůĂŝƌΛŽdžŝŶƐƚ͘ĐŽŵ KdžĨŽƌĚ/ŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚƐ >K<,/E͕ůĞŶĂ ĞůĞŶĂ͘ďůŽŬŚŝŶĂΛďƌƵŬĞƌͲŶĂŶŽ͘ĚĞ ƌƵŬĞƌEĂŶŽ'ŵď, K/<K͕DŝĐŚĂĞů͘ ŵ͘Ğ͘ďŽŝŬŽΛŵĂŝů͘ŝŽĨĨĞ͘ƌƵ /ŽĨĨĞWŚLJƐŝĐĂůͲdĞĐŚŶŝĐĂů /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW >/^dK&Z'/^dZ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ'ŽƚŚĞŶďƵƌŐ͕ ^ǁĞĚĞŶ ŝƉĂƌƚŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŝ&ŝƐŝĐĂ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚăĚŝDŝůĂŶŽ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŽ^ƵƉĞƌŝŽƌĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĂ^ĂƷĚĞŐĂƐDŽŶŝnj KDE͕:ŽŚĂŶ ũŽŚĂŶ͘ďŽŵĂŶΛĐŚĞŵ͘ŐƵ͘ƐĞ KE/KE/͕>ĞƚŝnjŝĂ ůĞƚŝnjŝĂ͘ďŽŶŝnjnjŽŶŝΛŵŝ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ Z/dK͕:ŽƐĠ ũďƌŝƚŽΛĂůĨϭ͘Đŝŝ͘ĨĐ͘Ƶů͘Ɖƚ ZKhtZ͕WĞƚĞƌ ƉĞƚĞƌ͘ďƌŽƵǁĞƌΛƉĂŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂů͘ĐŽŵ WEĂůLJƚŝĐĂů͘s͘ ZhzEKE<y͕WĞƚĞƌ ƉĞƚĞƌ͘ďƌƵLJŶĚŽŶĐŬdžΛƐŬLJƐĐĂŶ͘ďĞ ^ŬLJ^ĐĂŶ hK>/Z/͕'ŝŽǀĂŶŶŝ ŐŝŽǀĂŶŶŝ͘ďƵĐĐŽůŝĞƌŝΛƵŶŝůĞ͘ŝƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚăĚĞů^ĂůĞŶƚŽ hE/,͕'ƵĞŶƚĞƌ 'ƵĞŶƚĞƌ͘ƵnjĂŶŝĐŚΛďĂŵ͘ĚĞ >͕ƌŝƐƚŝĂŶĞ ĐƌŝƐĐĂůnjĂΛŚŽƚŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ͖ ĐĂƚĂƌŝŶĞΛůŝŶ͘ƵĨƌũ͘ďƌ ZZDd͕>ĂƌĂ ũŽĂŽ͘ǀĞůŽƐŽΛƵĂ͘Ɖƚ Zs>,K͕>ƵŝƐĂ ůƵŝƐĂΛĐŝŝ͘ĨĐ͘Ƶů͘Ɖƚ ^d>>EK͕ůĨƌĞĚŽ ĂůĨƌĞĚŽ͘ĐĂƐƚĞůůĂŶŽΛƵŶŝůĞ͘ŝƚ s>>K͕'ŝŽǀĂŶŶŝ ŐŝŽǀĂŶŶŝ͘ĐĂǀĂůůŽΛƐƵƉƐŝ͘ĐŚ /D^hW^/^ǁŝƚnjĞƌůĂŶĚ ,dd>͕ĂǀŝĚ ĐŚĞƚƚůĞΛŵĐŵĂƐƚĞƌ͘ĐĂ DĐDĂƐƚĞƌhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ĂŶĂĚĂ ,hZKs͕sŝĐƚŽƌ ŵĂƐƚĞƌͲϭϳΛƌĂŵďůĞƌ͘ƌƵ K>,K͕>ƵŝƐ ůƵŝƐ͘ĐŽĞůŚŽΛŝƉůĞŝƌŝĂ͘Ɖƚ KE/K͕ŶĂ ĂŶĂƐŽĨŝĂΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ KE^dEd/E^h͕ ŽŐĚĂŶ ďĐŽŶƐƚΛŶŝƉŶĞ͘ƌŽ KZE:K͕>ŽƌĞŶĂ ůŽƌĞŶĂĐƉΛƵƚĂ͘Đů ůŽƌĞŶĂĐŽƌŶĞũŽƉΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ Ks/d͕ĂŶŝĞů ĚƐĐŽǀŝƚĂΛƵĂ͘Ɖƚ Z/^dͲ^dE͕ĂŶŝĞůĂ ĚĂŶŝĞůĂΛŶŝƉŶĞ͘ƌŽ zz</͕DĂƚĞƵƐnj njLJnjLJĐŬŝΛŶŽǀĞůů͘Ĩƚũ͘ĂŐŚ͘ĞĚƵ͘Ɖů 'Ks͕^ƵůƚĂŶ ƐƵůƚĂŶ͘ĚĂďĂŐŽǀΛůŶĨ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ /E&E>ĂďEĂnj&ƌĂƐĐĂƚŝ ZZhdE͕WŝƐƵƚƚŝ ƉŝƐƵƚƚŝΛŚŽƚŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ <ĂƐĞƚƐĂƌƚhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ ĂŶŐŬŽŬ͕dŚĂŝůĂŶĚ WW͕WŽů ƉŽů͘ĚĞƉĂƉĞΛďƌƵŬĞƌͲĂdžƐ͘ĚĞ ƌƵŬĞƌy^ ^DZ͕ũƂƌŶ ũŽƌŶ͘Ğ^ĂŵďĞƌΛhŐĞŶƚ͘ďĞ 'ŚĞŶƚhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ĞůŐŝƵŵ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW ƵŶĚĞƐĂŶƐƚĂůƚĨƺƌ DĂƚĞƌŝĂůĨŽƌƐĐŚƵŶŐƵŶĚͲ ƉƌƺĨƵŶŐ EƵĐůĞĂƌ/ŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚĂƚŝŽŶ >ĂďŽƌĂƚŽƌLJ͘KWWͬh&Z:͘ /ϯE͕WŚLJƐŝĐƐĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨǀĞŝƌŽ ĞŶƚƌŽĚĞ&şƐŝĐĂƚſŵŝĐĂĚĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ>ŝƐďŽĂ ŝƉĂƌƚŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŝ^ĐŝĞŶnjĂĚĞŝ DĂƚĞƌŝĂůŝͲhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚăĚŝ >ĞĐĐĞ͕/ƚĂůLJ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ'ĞŽĐŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ^ Z^ DZy͕ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨ WŚLJƐŝĐƐ͕hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ /Ͳ/ŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚĂƚŝŽŶĞŶƚĞƌͲ &dhͲhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ EĂƚŝŽŶĂůŝŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨŶƵĐůĞĂƌ ƉŚLJƐŝĐƐĂŶĚĞŶŐŝŶĞĞƌŝŶŐ͕ ZŽŵĞŶŝĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĚĞdĂƌĂƉĂĐĄĂŶĚ ĞŶƚƌŽĚĞ/ŶǀĞƐƚŝŐĂĐŝŽŶĞƐĚĞů ,ŽŵďƌĞĞŶĞůĞƐŝĞƌƚŽ /ϯE͕WŚLJƐŝĐƐĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨǀĞŝƌŽ EĂƚŝŽŶĂů/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨEƵĐůĞĂƌ WŚLJƐŝĐƐĂŶĚŶŐŝŶĞĞƌŝŶŐ ',hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ĂŶĚdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJ >/^dK&Z'/^dZ ^E/͕sůĂĚĂŶ ǀĚĞƐŶŝĐĂΛŝƌď͘Śƌ ĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨĨŝŶĞĂƌƚƐ͕ĂŐƌĞď ^Kh͕ůƐƚĂŶ ĚĞƐŽƵnjĞΛŵĐŵĂƐƚĞƌ͘ĐĂ DĐDĂƐƚĞƌhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ /'/h>/K͕ƵŐĞŶŝŽ ƵŐŐĞŶŝŽϴϲΛŚŽƚŵĂŝů͘ŝƚ ŽůŽŐŶĂhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ />>͕^ŝŵŽŶĞ ƐŝŵŽŶĞ͘ĚŝůůΛŚĞůŵƵƚͲĨŝƐĐŚĞƌ͘ĚĞ ,ĞůŵƵƚ&ŝƐĐŚĞƌ'ŵď, ''Zd͕dŽďŝĂƐ ƚŽďŝĂƐ͘ĞŐŐĞƌƚΛŬĞƚĞŬ͘ŶĞƚ <d<'ŵď, 'KZKs͕sůĂĚŝŵŝƌ ĞŐŽƌŽǀΛŝƉƚŵ͘ƌƵ /DdZ^ /,Zd͕ŝĂŶĞ ĚŝĂŶĞ͘ĞŝĐŚĞƌƚΛĞůĞƚƚƌĂ͘ƚƌŝĞƐƚĞ͘ŝƚ ůĞƚƚƌĂ^d ZK)E͕,ĂƐĂŶ ŚĞƌĚŽŐĂŶΛƉĂƵ͘ĞĚƵ͘ƚƌ ZEhZ'͕^ŝŵŽŶ ƐŝŵŽŶΛŶŝŝĐ͘ŶƐĐ͘ƌƵ ^͕:ŽƐĠ ũĞƐĐĂĚĂΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ &/E/͕^ƚũĞƉŬŽ ƐƚũĞƉŬŽ͘ĨĂnjŝŶŝĐΛŝƌď͘Śƌ ZƵĚũĞƌŽƐŬŽǀŝĐ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ &ZEE^͕>ƵŝƐ ƉĂŶĐŚŽΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ &ZEE͕:ŽƌŐĞ ĚƵĂƌĚŽ &ZEĄEͲZh/͕ ZĂŵſŶ ũŽƌŐĞ͘ĨĞƌŶĂŶĚĞnjΛƵŶŝďŽ͘ŝƚ ƌĂŵŽŶ͘ĨĞƌŶĂŶĚĞnjΛƵĂŵ͘ĞƐ WĂŵƵŬŬĂůĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ƌƚΘ ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ&ĂĐƵůƚLJ͕ĞŶŝnjůŝ͕ dhZ<z EŝŬŽůĂĞǀ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ/ŶŽƌŐĂŶŝĐ ŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ^Z^ ĞƉĂƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞ&şƐŝĐĂͲ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞŽŝŵďƌĂ ůŵĂŵĂƚĞƌ^ƚƵĚŝŽƌƵŵ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽůŽŐŶĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚƵƚſŶŽŵĂĚĞ DĂĚƌŝĚ͘^/Ě/ &ZEE͕sŝĐĞŶƚĞK͘ ǀŽƐŽƌŝŽΛĐĂŶďĞƌƌĂ͘ĐŽŵ EZZEs &/'h/ZK͕DĂƌŝĂͲ KŶĚŝŶĂ ŽŶĚŝŶĂ͘ĨŝŐƵĞŝƌĞĚŽΛŝŶĞƚŝ͘Ɖƚ E/Ddͬ/ϯE͕&ĂĐ͘^Đŝ͘ dĞĐŚŶŽů͕͘EĞǁhŶŝǀ͘>ŝƐďŽŶ &/'hZK͕ZŽĚŽůĨŽ ĨŝŐƵĞƌŽƌΛƵĨƌŽ͘Đů hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĚĞ>Ă&ƌŽŶƚĞƌĂ &/>/WKs͕KůĞŬƐĂŶĚƌ ĨŝůΛĞůǀĂƚĞĐŚ͘ĐŽŵ ůǀĂƚĞĐŚ>ƚĚ͘ &>D/E'͕ĂǀŝĚ ĚĨůĞŵŝŶŐΛŵƚĂ͘ĐĂ DŽƵŶƚůůŝƐŽŶhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ &ZE<>͕ĞŶũĂŵŝŶ^͘ ĨƌĂĞŶŬĞůΛǀŵƐ͘ŚƵũŝ͘ĂĐ͘ŝů ,ĞďƌĞǁhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ:ĞƌƵƐĂůĞŵ &Z'K^K͕ŵĂŶƵĞůĂ ĞŵĂŶƵĞůĂĨƌĂŐŽƐŽΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ EZͲ&ĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂƐ ĞdĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂ͕hE> &Z/d^͕ůŝƐĂďĞƚĞ ĞůŝƐĂďĞƚĞΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ &Z//͕dŽŵŵĂƐŽ ŝŶĨŽΛdžŐůĂď͘ŝƚ y'>ĂďƐƌů͕DŝůĂŶŽ͕/ƚĂůLJ &hZ'Z͕DĂƌŬƵƐ ŵĂƌŬƵƐ͘ĨƵƌŐĞƌΛƉƐŝ͘ĐŚ WĂƵů^ĐŚĞƌƌĞƌ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚ &hZdK͕DĂƌŝĂ ŵũĨƵƌƚĂĚŽΛŝƚŶ͘Ɖƚ /dE '>^͕^ƚĞǀĞŶ ƐƚĞǀĞŶ͘ŐĂůĞƐΛŽdžŝŶƐƚ͘ĐŽŵ KdžĨŽƌĚ/ŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚƐ '>>/͕ŶŶĂ ĂŶŶĂ͘ŐĂůůŝΛŵĂƚĞƌ͘ƵŶŝŵŝď͘ŝƚ EZͲ/&E 'K͕EŝŶŐ ŶŐĂŽΛdžŽƐ͘ĐŽŵ 'ZEZ͕ZŽďŝŶ ŐĂƌĚŶĞƌΛŶĐƐƵ͘ĞĚƵ yͲZĂLJKƉƚŝĐĂů^LJƐƚĞŵƐ͕h^ EŽƌƚŚĂƌŽůŝŶĂ^ƚĂƚĞ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŽĚĞdĞĐŶŽůŽŐşĂ ĞƌĄŵŝĐĂ 'h>>͕Dǐ&ĞƌŶĂŶĚĂ ŵĨŐĂnjƵůůĂΛŝƚĐ͘Ƶũŝ͘ĞƐ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW >/^dK&Z'/^dZ 'Z͕tĞůůĞŶƌĞƵƚŚĞƌ 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hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞƐƚĂĚƵĂůĚĞ >ŽŶĚƌŝŶĂ WŚLJƐŝĐƐĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂůhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨĞƌůŝŶ͘ DEdKhs>Kh͕/ŽĂŶŶĂ /ŽĂŶŶĂ͘DĂŶƚŽƵǀĂůŽƵΛƚƵͲďĞƌůŝŶ͘ĚĞ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞĨŽƌŽƉƚŝĐĂŶĚĂƚŽŵŝĐ ƉŚLJƐŝĐƐ DZ'h/͕ǀĂ ĞŵĂƌŐƵŝΛŝũĂ͘ĐƐŝĐ͘ĞƐ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨĂƌƚŚ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ Η:ĂƵŵĞůŵĞƌĂΗ͕^/ >/^dK&Z'/^dZ DZYh^͕:ŽƐĠ ũŵŵĂƌƋƵĞƐΛĨĐ͘Ƶů͘Ɖƚ ĞƉĂƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞ&şƐŝĐĂĚĂ &ĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂƐĚĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ>ŝƐďŽĂ DZd/E͕:ĞƐƵƐ ŵĂĚĞůĞŝŶĞ͘ƉĞLJƚĂǀŝŶΛƚŚĞƌŵŽĨŝƐŚĞƌ͘ĐŽŵ dŚĞƌŵŽ&ŝƐŚĞƌ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐ DZdzE/h<͕sŝŬƚŽƌ ŵƌƚΛĞůǀĂƚĞĐŚ͘ĐŽŵ ůǀĂƚĞĐŚ>ƚĚ͘ DZt,͕>ĂƌĂ ŵĂƌǁĂŚĂΛŝƐŝď͘ďĞ /Z/^/ D^^ž͕ĂƌŝŽ ŵĂƐƐĂďŽΛŐĞ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚăĚŝ'ĞŶŽǀĂ Dd/^͕:ŽƐĠ ĨĐũĂŵΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ Dd:/͕>ŝĚŝũĂ ůŝĚŝũĂ͘ŵĂƚΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ ƌŽĂƚŝĂ DK>E/͕WĂŽůŽ ƉŵĂnjnjŽůΛƵŶŝĐƚ͘ŝƚ ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨ'ĞŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐʹhŶŝǀ͘ŽĨĂƚĂŶŝĂ DZd͕ĂŶŝĞů ĚŵĞĞƌƚΛĐĂŶďĞƌƌĂ͘ĐŽŵ EZZEs DE^͕ZƵƚĞ ŶƉŝŶŚĂŽΛŝƚŶ͘Ɖƚ /dEʹEƵĐůĞĂƌĂŶĚ dĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĐĂů/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ DĠE^'hE͕zǀĞƐ LJǀĞƐ͘ŵĞŶĞƐŐƵĞŶΛĐĞĂ͘Ĩƌ DZ>d͕ůĂƵĚĞ ĐůĂƵĚĞ͘ŵĞƌůĞƚΛŐŵ͘ƵŶŝǀͲŵŽŶƚƉϮ͘Ĩƌ EZ^ D/Z:t^</͕ĂŶŝĞů Ě͘ŵŝĞƌnjĞũĞǁƐŬŝΛƉǁƉǁ͘Ɖů WŽůŝƐŚ^ĞĐƵƌŝƚLJWƌŝŶƚŝŶŐtŽƌŬƐ D/'>/KZ/͕ůĞƐƐĂŶĚƌŽ ŵŝŐůŝŽƌŝΛĨŝ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ /WZd/DEdK/&/^/Ͳ hE/sZ^/dzK&&>KZE D/^Z͕EĂŶĚ>Ăů ŶůŵŝƐƌĂΛLJĂŚŽŽ͘ĐŽŵ Z DKE/E͕sůĂĚŝŵŝƌ ŵŽŶŝŶΛŝƉƌũ͘ƵĞƌũ͘ďƌ /WZ:ͬhZ: DKEd/ZK͕ƌŝƐƚŝŶĂ ĐƌŝƐƚŝŶĂΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ DKZ/Z͕^ŝůǀĂŶĂ ^/>sEΛ&͘hE/DW͘Z hE/sZ^/dzK&DW/E^ DKZ>>͕DĂƚŚŝĞƵ ŵŵŽƌĞůůĞΛĐĂŶďĞƌƌĂ͘ĐŽŵ EZZEs DKZ'hEKs͕ĚƵĂƌĚ ŝͺƉĞƌĞƉĞůLJƚƐLJĂΛƵŬƌ͘ŶĞƚ ŵĂŝůϮŝŐŽƌΛƵŬƌ͘ŶĞƚ ŝͺƉĞƌĞƉĞůLJƚƐLJĂΛƵŬƌ͘ŶĞƚ ŵĂŝůϮŝŐŽƌΛƵŬƌ͘ŶĞƚ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂůŽŶƚƌŽů DĞƚŚŽĚƐ͕<ŝĞǀ͕hŬƌĂŝŶĞ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂůŽŶƚƌŽů DĞƚŚŽĚƐ͕<ŝĞǀ͕hŬƌĂŝŶĞ KWWͰh&Z:ͲZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽͲ ƌĂnjŝů WŚLJƐŝŬĂůŝƐĐŚͲdĞĐŚŶŝƐĐŚĞ ƵŶĚĞƐĂŶƐƚĂůƚ DKZ,hEKs͕KůĞŬƐŝLJ DKd͕ĂƌůĂ ĐĞŶŐŶƵĐůĞĂƌΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ Dƺ>>Z͕DĂƚƚŚŝĂƐ ŵĂƚƚŚŝĂƐ͘ŵƵĞůůĞƌΛƉƚď͘ĚĞ DzZ^͕'ŽƌĚŽŶ ŐŵLJĞƌƐΛƐŝŝŶƚƵƐĂ͘ĐŽŵ ^//EĂŶŽdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJh^/ŶĐ͘ Dz<͕ŽĨŝĂ njŽĨŝĂ͘ŵnjLJŬΛŝŵŶ͘ŐůŝǁŝĐĞ͘Ɖů /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨEŽŶͲ&ĞƌƌŽƵƐ DĞƚĂůƐ E</͕/njƵŵŝ ŝŶĂŬĂŝΛƌƐ͘ŬĂŐƵ͘ƚƵƐ͘ĂĐ͘ũƉ dŽŬLJŽhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ E<z͕zĂƐƵŬĂnjƵ zĂƐƵŬĂnjƵΛdƌƵĞŵŽŽŶ͘ŵďŽdž͘ŵĞĚŝĂ ĞƉ͘ŽĨDĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ͘ŬLJŽƚŽͲƵ͘ĂĐ͘ũƉ ĂŶĚŶŐ͕͘<LJŽƚŽhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ E^,^,//͕dĂǁĨŝĐ ƚĂǁĨŝĐ͘ŶΛŶƚůǁŽƌůĚ͘ĐŽŵ d^EdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJ E^^/^/͕sŝŶĐĞŶnjŽ s/EEK͘E^^/^/Λ>͘/E&E͘/d ĞƉƚŽĨWŚLJƐŝĐƐ͕hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ ^ĂůĞŶƚŽ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW >/^dK&Z'/^dZ Ed>>h͕,ƵŐŽ ŚƵŐŽΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ EDZ͕DĂƌŝũĂŶ ŵĂƌŝũĂŶ͘ŶĞĐĞŵĞƌΛŝũƐ͘Ɛŝ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚ:ŽnjĞĨ^ƚĞĨĂŶ EE^>͕ĞƌŶŚĂƌĚ ŶĞŶƐĞůΛŚĞůŵƵƚͲĨŝƐĐŚĞƌ͘ĚĞ ,ĞůŵƵƚ&ŝƐĐŚĞƌ'ŵď, E/h>͕ĚƌŝĂŶ ĂĚƌŝĂŶ͘ŶŝĐƵůĂĞΛƉŶĚĞƚĞĐƚŽƌ͘ĚĞ WE^ĞŶƐŽƌ'ŵď, E/D>͕ƌƚŽ ĂƌƚŽ͘ŶŝĞŵĞůĂΛƉŝdžƉŽůĂƌ͘ĐŽŵ WŝdžƉŽůĂƌ EhsK͕DĂƌŝĂ:͘ ŵĂƌŝĂΛƵŶĞdž͘ĞƐ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨdžƚƌĞŵĂĚƵƌĂ Ehd^,͕ŶĚƌĞĂƐ ĂŶĚƌĞĂƐ͘ŶƵƚƐĐŚΛŝŝƐď͘ĨƌĂƵŶŚŽĨĞƌ͘ĚĞ &ƌĂƵŶŚŽĨĞƌ//^ K,K^͕:ĂƐŵŝŶĂ ũŽďŚŽĚĂƐΛŝƌď͘Śƌ ZƵĚĞƌŽƐŬŽǀŝĐ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ KZZ/'K͕^ŽŶũĂ ƐŽŶũĂŽƌƌŝŐŽΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ K^E͕:ĂŶŽƐ ŽƐĂŶΛĂĞŬŝ͘ŬĨŬŝ͘ŚƵ ,ƵŶŐĂƌŝĂŶĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨ ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ<&</ƚŽŵŝĐŶĞƌŐLJ ZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ Kh>>d͕^ŝŵŽŶ ƐŽƵĞůůĞƚΛĐůĂŝƐƐĞ͘ĐŽŵ ůĂŝƐƐĞ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚŝŽŶ W'>^͕DĂƌĐĞů ŵĂƌĐĞů͘ƉĂŐĞůƐΛƉŚLJƐŝŬ͘ƚƵͲďĞƌůŝŶ͘ĚĞ dĞĐŚŶŝƐĐŚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚćƚĞƌůŝŶ W,><͕^ƚĞĨĨĞŶ ƐƚĞĨĨĞŶ͘ƉĂŚůŬĞΛŬĞƚĞŬ͘ŶĞƚ <d<'ŵď, W>Dă͕'ŝĂŶĨƌĂŶĐŽ ƉĂůĂŵĂΛůĞ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ ĞƉƚ͘^ĐŝĞŶnjĂĚĞŝDĂƚĞƌŝĂůŝ WWW͕dŝďŽƌ ƚŝďƉĂƉƉΛĐĂŵďƌŝĚŐĞƐĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐ͘ŶĞƚ ĂŵďƌŝĚŐĞ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐ 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dZh/E͕^ǀĞƚůĂŶĂ ƐǀƚΛŶŝŝĐ͘ŶƐĐ͘ƌƵ dZhEKs͕sĂůĞŶƚŝŶĂ dƌƵŶŽǀĂΛŝŶƉ͘ŶƐŬ͘ƐƵ͖ǀĂůŶĂͲ ƚΛŵĂŝů͘ƌƵ d^h:/͕<ŽƵŝĐŚŝ ƚƐƵũŝΛĂͲĐŚĞŵ͘ĞŶŐ͘ŽƐĂŬĂͲĐƵ͘ĂĐ͘ũƉ KƐĂŬĂŝƚLJhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ h:s/đ͕DĂŐĚĂůĞŶĂ ŵĂŐĚĂůĞŶĂ͘ƵũĞǀŝĐΛŚnjũnj͘Śƌ h</͕DĂƐĂŚŝƌŽ ƵŬŝďĞͲŵΛĂŝƐƚ͘ŐŽ͘ũƉ hEdZhD^Z'Z͕ ZĂŝŶĞƌ ƌĂŝŶĞƌ͘ƵŶƚĞƌƵŵƐďĞƌŐĞƌΛƉƚď͘ĚĞ sĂŶ'>͕ZĞŶĂĂƚ ŵĂĚĞůĞŝŶĞ͘ƉĞLJƚĂǀŝŶΛƚŚĞƌŵŽĨŝƐŚĞƌ͘ĐŽŵ dŚĞƌŵŽ&ŝƐŚĞƌ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐ sE'Z/<E͕ZĞŶĞ ƌĞŶĞ͘ǀĂŶŐƌŝĞŬĞŶΛƵĂ͘ĂĐ͘ďĞ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŶƚǁĞƌƉ sED>͕<ĂƚůĞĞŶ ŬĂƚůĞĞŶ͘ǀĂŶŵĞĞůΛƵĂ͘ĂĐ͘ďĞ s>K^K͕:ŽĆŽ ũŽĂŽ͘ǀĞůŽƐŽΛƵĂ͘Ɖƚ sZZ/͕>ƵĐĂ ůƵĐĂǀĞƌĂϴϲΛƚŝŶ͘ŝƚ sZ^,zE^<z/͕^Z'// ƚŽƉŝĐĞƌΛƌĂŵďůĞƌ͘ƌƵ s/E͕>ĂƐnjůŽ ůĂƐnjůŽ͘ǀŝŶĐnjĞΛƵŐĞŶƚ͘ďĞ sZK^͕ƌƵŶŽ ďƌƵŶŽ͘ǀƌĞďŽƐΛƉĂŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂů͘ĐŽŵ njĞĐŚdĞĐŚŶŝĐĂůhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŝŶ WƌĂŐƵĞ njĞĐŚdĞĐŚŶŝĐĂůhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŝŶ WƌĂŐƵĞ EŝŬŽůĂĞǀ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ/ŶŽƌŐĂŶŝĐ ŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ^Z^ ͘s͘EŝŬŽůĂĞǀ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ /ŶŽƌŐĂŶŝĐŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ^Z^ ƌŽĂƚŝĂŶEĂƚŝŽŶĂů/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ WƵďůŝĐ,ĞĂůƚŚ EĂƚŝŽŶĂů/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ ĚǀĂŶĐĞĚ/ŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ĂŶĚdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJ WŚLJƐŝŬĂůŝƐĐŚͲdĞĐŚŶŝƐĐŚĞ ƵŶĚĞƐĂŶƐƚĂůƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŶƚǁĞƌƉ͕ ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ /ϯE͕WŚLJƐŝĐƐĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨǀĞŝƌŽ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚăĚŝŽůŽŐŶĂ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨƉƉůŝĞĚWŚLJƐŝĐƐ͕ EĂƚŝŽŶĂůĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ ŽĨhŬƌĂŝŶĞ;/WE^hͿ 'ŚĞŶƚhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ĞƉƚ͘ŽĨ ŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂůŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ WEĂůLJƚŝĐĂů /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ,ŝŐŚŶĞƌŐLJ WŚLJƐŝĐƐ͕ŚŝŶĞƐĞĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨ ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ͕ŚŝŶĂ ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨWŚLJƐŝĐƐ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨEĂŝƌŽďŝ tE'͕Śŝůŝ ǁĂŶŐnjůΛŵĂŝů͘ŝŚĞƉ͘ĂĐ͘ĐŶ tWh<,h>h͕'ŽĚĨƌĞLJ ǁĞƉLJΛƵŽŶďŝ͘ĂĐ͘ŬĞ t,/d͕sŝĐƚŽƌ ǀŝĐƚŽƌ͘ǁŚŝƚĞΛũƉů͘ŶĂƐĂ͘ŐŽǀ :W>ͲĂůƚĞĐŚ t/>Ky͕:ĂƌŽƐůĂǀĂ ũnjǁΛũƉů͘ŶĂƐĂ͘ŐŽǀ :W>ͲĂůƚĞĐŚ t/dd<KWW͕ŶĚƌĞĂƐ ĂŶĚƌĞĂƐ͘ǁŝƚƚŬŽƉƉΛĂŵĞƚĞŬ͘ĚĞ ŵĞƚĞŬͬy KWWSH[UVILVXFSW >/^dK&Z'/^dZ tKZh^,<͕WĞƚĞƌ ǁŽďŝΛĂƚŝ͘ĂĐ͘Ăƚ hŶŝǀ͘WƌŽĨ͘ tK>&&͕dŝŵŽ ƚŝŵŽ͘ǁŽůĨĨΛƚƵͲďĞƌůŝŶ͘ĚĞ /KWdĞĐŚŶŝĐĂůhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ ĞƌůŝŶ Z<^͕ŚĂƌĂůĂŵƉŽƐ ĐŚĂƌĂůĂŵďŽƐ͘njĂƌŬĂĚĂƐΛƉĂŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂů͘ĐŽŵ WEĂůLJƚŝĐĂů͘s͘ t/^͕ĞĂƚĂ ďĞĂƚĂ͘njĂǁŝƐnjĂΛƵƐ͘ĞĚƵ͘Ɖů hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ^ŝůĞƐŝĂ ,E'͕<Ăŝ njŚĂŶŐŬΛŝŚĞƉ͘ĂĐ͘ĐŶ ,hK͕^ŚĂŶŐũƵŶ ƐũnjŚƵŽΛŵĂŝů͘ƐŝĐ͘ĂĐ͘ĐŶ /dE/<͕DĂƚũĂǎ ŵĂƚũĂnj͘njŝƚŶŝŬΛŝũƐ͘Ɛŝ :ŽǎĞĨ^ƚĞĨĂŶ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ sZs͕sĂůĞŶƚŝŶĂ ǀĂůŝnjĂŶƚΛŵĂŝů͘ƌƵ ͘s͘EŝŬŽůĂĞǀ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ /ŶŽƌŐĂŶŝĐŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ^Z^ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ,ŝŐŚŶĞƌŐLJWŚLJƐ͕͘ ŚŝŶĞƐĞĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ ^ŚĂŶŐŚĂŝ/ŶƐƚŝƚ͘ŽĨĞƌĂŵŝĐƐ͕ ŚŝŶĞƐĞĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW