Programme - EXRS 2010 - Universidade de Coimbra
Transcrição
Programme - EXRS 2010 - Universidade de Coimbra
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portable XRF Session 2: High resolution X-Ray absorption and X-Ray spectroscopy 9:30-10:00 3,25(.6WDQLVODZ 58%(16621-DQ(ULN 10:00-10:20 HOCQUET, François-Philippe STJEPKO, Fazinic 10:20-10:40 KAWAI, Jun MARQUES, J. P. 10:40-11:00 NAKAYE, Yasukazu POLLAKOWSKI, Beatrix 11:00-11:30 Coffee Break 11:30-11:50 MIGLIORI, Alessandro FRAENKEL, Benjamin 11:50-12:10 IWATA, Akihiko SILVERSMIT, Geert 12:10-12:30 KUNIMURA, Shinsuke ANKLAMM, Lars 12:30-12:50 BUZANICH, Günter LE GUEN, Karine 12:50-14:30 Conference Lunch: “Sardine Gastronomic Festival of Figueira” Session 3: Interactions of X-Rays with matter and fundamental parameters Session 4: X-Ray imaging and tomography 14:30-15:00 6$/9$7)UDQFHVF =,71,.0DW]DM 15:00-15:20 AMARO, Pedro HASCHKE, Michael 15:20-15:40 FERNANDEZ, Jorge TSUJI, Kouichi 15:40-16:00 SANTOS, José Paulo BENDAHAN, Joseph 16:00-16:30 16:30-16:50 SCOT, Viviana BRUYNDONCKX, Peter 16:50-17:10 ERDOöAN, Hasan JANSSENS, Koen 17:10-18:30 Coffee Break Poster Session KWWSH[UVILVXFSW Tuesday Session 5: Interactions of X-Rays with matter and fundamental parameters Session 6: X-Ray imaging and tomography 8:30-8:50 JONNARD, Philippe DE SAMBER, Björn 8:50-9:10 SOKARAS, Dimosthenis SZALóKI, Imre 9:10-9:30 BECKHOFF, Burkhard LIMA, Inayá 9:30-9:50 MÉNESGUEN, Yves RIBEIRO PEREIRA, Gabriela 9:50-10:10 MACIEJEWSKA, Karina FRIZZI, Tommaso 10:10-10:40 Coffee Break 10:40-11:00 SCHOONJANS, Tom SOLTAU, Heike 11:00-11:20 HODOROABA, Dan WHITE, Victor 11:20-11:40 PAPP, Tibor FIGUEROA, Rodolfo 11:40-12:00 REUTER, Dirk SCHARF, Oliver 12:00-13:30 Lunch Session 7: Recent scientific developments by XRS instrumentation manufacturers Session 8: Synchrotron XRS; PIXE and electron induced XRS; WDXRS Ivaylo Peev (TOIVEL) 13:30-14:00 Tibor Papp (CAMBRIDGE SCI.) 0h//(50DWWKLDV Robert H Redus (AMPTEK) 14:00-14:20 14:20-14:40 14:40-15:00 15:00-15:20 15:20-15:40 Kohei Kansai (RIGAKU) Peter Grudberg (XIA LLC) Sebastien Rivard (CLAISSE) Joan Pujol (FISHER INSTRUMENTS) Reinhard Singer (ROENALYTIC) Ralf Terborg (BRUKER-NANO) Gordon Myers (SII NANOTEC USA) A. Niculae (PNDSENSOR) A. Niculae (PNDETECTOR) P. Lamberge (THERMO FISHER) KWWSH[UVILVXFSW VINCZE, Laszlo LANKOSZ, Marek KAVCIC, Matjaz STRÜDER, Lothar KOUMEIR, Charbel 15:40-16:10 16:10-16:30 Coffee Break Sanjay Kamtekar (XOS) LLOVET, Xavier Kris Kozacek (MOXTEK) Bruno Vrebos (PANALYTICAL) 16:30-16:50 Jürgen Knobloch (KETEK) WILCOX, Jaroslava Andreas Wittkopp (AMETEK) 16:50-18:30 Poster Session 18:00 Wine Degustation 18:15-19:15 EXSA General Assembly Wednesday Session 9: Life Sciences and forensics Session 10: TXRF, GIXRF and related techniques 8:30-9:00 8:40 - CHETTLE, David %528:(53HWHU 9:00-9:20 GRAGG III, Richard D. WOBRAUSCHEK, Peter 9:20-9:40 FLEMING, David PEPPONI, Giancarlo 9:40-10:00 EICHERT, Diane KALLITHRAKAS-KONTOS, N. 10:00-10:20 NAKAI, Izumi KAYSER, Yves 10:20-10:50 Coffee Break 10:50-11:10 MATJACIC, Lidija OSAN, Janos 11:10-11:30 ANTUNES, Andrea NUTSCH, Andreas 11:30-11:50 REGO, Florbela REINHARDT, Falk 11:50-12:10 ZVEREVA, Valentina PAGELS, Marcel 12:10-12:30 MILIC, Ana HAMPAI, Dariush 12:30-14:00 Lunch 14:00-19:00 Excursion KWWSH[UVILVXFSW Thursday Session 11: Earth and environment sciences Session 12: Quantification methodology 8:30-9:00 48(5$/7,JQDFLR 3$',//$5RPDQ 9:00-9:20 BOMAN, Johan WOLFF, Timo 9:20-9:40 VAN MEEL,Katleen CZYZYCKI, Mateusz 9:40-10:00 FURGER, Markus GARDNER, Robin 10:00-10:20 HOKURA, Akiko GAZULLA, Mª Fernanda 10:20-10:50 Coffee Break 10:50-11:10 HOMMA, Hisashi BLOKHINA, Elena 11:10-11:30 OBHODAS, Jasmina MANTLER, Michael 11:30-11:50 MASSABO, Dario LÜHL, Lars 11:50-12:10 RICHARD, Agnes NENSEL, Bernhard 12:10-12:30 RO, Chul-Un WELLENREUTHER, Gerd 12:30-14:00 Lunch 14:00-14:20 LUO, Liqiang 14:20-14:40 MARGUI, Eva 14:10 - KESSLER, Jens Session 13: Advanced materials and nanoscience Session 14: Industrial quality and process control 14:40-15:00 H - ARCON, Iztok 14:30 - =+826KDQJMXQ 15:00-15:20 STREECK, Cornelia DILL, Simone 15:20-15:40 KRAEMER, Markus GAO, Ning 15:40-16:00 SILVA, Pedro COELHO, Luis 16:00-16:30 Coffee Break 16:30-16:50 Fundamental Parameter Initiative ANYSZKIEWICZ, Jacek 16:50-17:10 (M.C. Lépy, B. Beckhoff, M. Mantler) RIVARD, Sébastien – Survey and discussion 17:10-18:30 Poster Session 20:15 Banquet KWWSH[UVILVXFSW Friday Session 15: X-Ray sources, optics and detectors Session 16: Art and cultural heritage 8:30-9:00 '$%$*296XOWDQ 8:40 - ALFELD, Matthias 9:00-9:20 COVITA, Daniel LEMBERGE, Pascal 9:20-9:40 EGGERT, Tobias KRIZNAR, Anabelle 9:40-10:00 SILVA, Ana Luísa GÓMEZ-TENA, M.P. 10:00-10:20 GRIGORIEVA, Inna FIGUEIREDO, Maria Ondina 10:20-10:50 Coffee Break 10:50-11:10 TERBORG, Ralf FRAGOSO, Emanuela 11:10-11:30 TOMAS, Alfredo TRUNOVA, Valentina 11:30-11:50 FERNANDES, Luis BUCCOLIERI, Giovanni 11:50-12:10 MANTOUVALOU, Ioanna APPOLONI, C. Roberto. 12:10-12:30 RACKWITZ, Vanessa RODRIGUES, Marta 12:30-14:00 Lunch 14:00-14:20 RODRIGUES, Matias FURTADO, Maria 14:20-14:40 SCOULLAR, Paul GIL, Francisco 14:40-15:00 CARRAMATE, Lara CONSTANTINESCU, Bogdan 15:00-15:20 SIMSEK, Atakan Le GAC, Agnès 15:20-15:40 TAIBI, Angelo CAVALLO, Giovanni 15:40-16:00 UKIBE, Masahiro CALZA, Cristiane 16:00 Conference Closing Coffee Break KWWSH[UVILVXFSW KWWSH[UVILVXFSW 'HWDLOHG3URJUDP ^hEzͲ:hEϮϬ͕ϮϬϭϬ ϭϳ͗ϬϬʹϭϴ͗ϯϬ ϭϴ͗ϯϬʹϭϵ͗ϭϱ ϭϵ͗ϭϱʹϮϬ͗ϬϬ ZĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƚŝŽŶ ŚŽŝƌŽŶĐĞƌƚ ZĞĐĞƉƚŝŽŶ DKEzͲ:hEϮϭ͕ϮϬϭϬ Ϭϴ͗ϬϬͲϬϵ͗ϬϬ Ϭϵ͗ϬϬͲϬϵ͗ϯϬ ZĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƚŝŽŶ tĞůĐŽŵĞĂŶĚKƉĞŶŝŶŐ ΎZŽŽŵ'с'ƌĂŶĚƵĚŝƚŽƌŝƵŵ ΎZŽŽŵ^с^ŵĂůůƵĚŝƚŽƌŝƵŵ ^ĞƐƐŝŽŶϭ͗DŽďŝůĞĂŶĚ ƉŽƌƚĂďůĞyZ& ^ĞƐƐŝŽŶϮ͗,ŝŐŚƌĞƐŽůƵƚŝŽŶyͲ ƌĂLJĂďƐŽƌƉƚŝŽŶĂŶĚyͲƌĂLJ ƐƉĞĐƚƌŽƐĐŽƉLJ ZŽŽŵ'ͲŚĂŝƌ͗ZĞŶĠsĂŶ'ƌŝĞŬĞŶ ZŽŽŵ^ͲŚĂŝƌ͗WĞƚĞƌtŽďƌĂƵƐĐŚĞŬ Ϭϵ͗ϯϬʹϭϬ͗ϬϬ Ϭϵ͗ϯϬʹϭϬ͗ϬϬ /Es/d>dhZ͗ WĂƐƚ͕ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŶĚĨƵƚƵƌĞŽĨĨŝĞůĚͲ ƉŽƌƚĂďůĞĂŶĚŚĂŶĚŚĞůĚyZ&ĂŶĂůLJnjĞƌƐ ĂŶĚƚŚĞŝƌƌŽůĞŝŶǀĂƌŝŽƵƐĨŝĞůĚƐŽĨ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJĂŶĚƐĐŝĞŶĐĞ /Es/d>dhZ͗ ZĞƐŽŶĂŶƚ/ŶĞůĂƐƚŝĐ^ŽĨƚyͲƌĂLJ^ĐĂƚƚĞƌŝŶŐ ǁŝƚŚsŝďƌĂƚŝŽŶĂůZĞƐŽůƵƚŝŽŶ ^ƚĂŶŝƐůĂǁWŝŽƌĞŬ ;dŚĞƌŵŽ&ŝƐŚĞƌ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐͿ :͘Ͳ͘ZƵďĞŶƐƐŽŶ͕z͘^ƵŶ͕D͘KĚĞůŝƵƐ͕D͘ ĞƌŐůƵŶĚ͕͘WŝĞƚnjƐĐŚ͕:͘^ĐŚůĂƉƉĂ͕͘<ĞŶŶĞĚLJ͕ d͘^ĐŚŵŝƚƚ͕s͘^ƚƌŽĐŽǀ͕:͘ŶĚĞƌƐƐŽŶ͕,͘K͘ <ĂƌůƐƐŽŶ͕&͘'ĞůΖŵƵŬŚĂŶŽǀ͕͘&ƂŚůŝƐĐŚ͕ĂŶĚ&͘ ,ĞŶŶŝĞƐ ;hƉƉƐĂůĂhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJͿ ϭϬ͗ϬϬʹϭϬ͗ϮϬ ϭϬ͗ϬϬʹϭϬ͗ϮϬ ϮůĞŵĞŶƚĂůŝŵĂŐŝŶŐƚŽŽůǁŝƚŚĂŵŽďŝůĞ yZ&ƐLJƐƚĞŵ ŚĞŵŝĐĂůĞĨĨĞĐƚƐŽŶƚŚĞ<ɴ͛͛ĂŶĚ<ɴϮ͕ϱ džͲƌĂLJůŝŶĞƐŽĨϯĚƚƌĂŶƐŝƚŝŽŶĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ĂŶĚƚŚĞŝƌŽdžŝĚĞĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚƐďLJW/y &͘ͲWŚ͘,ŽĐƋƵĞƚ͕͘DĂƌĐŚĂů͕D͘ůĂƌ͕^͘ZĂŬŬĂĂ͕ ͘KŐĞƌ&͘DĂƚŚŝƐ͕͘^ƚƌŝǀĂLJ ^͘&ĂnjŝŶŝĐ͕>͘DĂŶĚŝĐ͕/͘ŽnjŝĐĞǀŝĐ ϭϬ͗ϮϬʹϭϬ͗ϰϬ ϭϬ͗ϮϬʹϭϬ͗ϰϬ WĂůŵƚŽƉĞůĞĐƚƌŽŶƉƌŽďĞyͲƌĂLJ ƐƉĞĐƚƌŽŵĞƚĞƌ ŶĂůLJƐŝƐŽĨyͲƌĂLJƐƉĞĐƚƌĂĞŵŝƚƚĞĚĨƌŽŵ ůĂƐĞƌͲƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚƉůĂƐŵĂƐŽĨůĞĂĚ :ƵŶ<ĂǁĂŝ͕ŝƐƵŬĞ,ŝƌŽ ͘DĂƌƚŝŶƐ͕&͘WĂƌĞŶƚĞ͕W͘/ŶĚĞůŝĐĂƚŽ͕:͘W͘ DĂƌƋƵĞƐ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW ϭϬ͗ϰϬʹϭϭ͗ϬϬ ϭϬ͗ϰϬʹϭϭ͗ϬϬ ZĞĐŽƌĚŝŶŐyͲƌĂLJƐƉĞĐƚƌĂƵƐŝŶŐĂŵƵƐŝĐ ĚŝŐŝƚŝnjĞƌ͗ϭϴϬĞs&t,DĂƚϱ͘ϵŬĞs ^ƉĞĐŝĂƚŝŽŶĚĞƉƚŚƉƌŽĨŝůŝŶŐŽĨďƵƌŝĞĚ ŶĂŶŽůĂLJĞƌƐ z͘EĂŬĂLJĞ͕:͘<ĂǁĂŝ ͘WŽůůĂŬŽǁƐŬŝ͕͘ĞĐŬŚŽĨĨ ϭϭ͗ϬϬʹϭϭ͗ϯϬŽĨĨĞĞƌĞĂŬ ϭϭ͗ϬϬʹϭϭ͗ϯϬŽĨĨĞĞƌĞĂŬ ZŽŽŵ'ͲŚĂŝƌ͗:ƵŶ<ĂǁĂŝ ZŽŽŵ^ͲŚĂŝƌ͗DĂƌŝĞͲŚƌŝƐƚŝŶĞ>ĠƉLJ ϭϭ͗ϯϬʹϭϭ͗ϱϬ ϭϭ͗ϯϬʹϭϭ͗ϱϬ 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dƵĞƌůŝŶ :KhD/<,Ks͕ ^ĞŵĨŝƌĂ ŐĞƐĐŚĞǀĂΛŝĨŐͲĂĚůĞƌƐŚŽĨ͘ĚĞ /Ĩ'͕/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞĨŽƌ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐ /ŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚƐ >/Z͕'ůĞŶ ŐůĞŶ͘ďůĂŝƌΛŽdžŝŶƐƚ͘ĐŽŵ KdžĨŽƌĚ/ŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚƐ >K<,/E͕ůĞŶĂ ĞůĞŶĂ͘ďůŽŬŚŝŶĂΛďƌƵŬĞƌͲŶĂŶŽ͘ĚĞ ƌƵŬĞƌEĂŶŽ'ŵď, KDE͕:ŽŚĂŶ ũŽŚĂŶ͘ďŽŵĂŶΛĐŚĞŵ͘ŐƵ͘ƐĞ KE/KE/͕>ĞƚŝnjŝĂ ůĞƚŝnjŝĂ͘ďŽŶŝnjnjŽŶŝΛŵŝ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ K^>z͕dŽŶLJ ƚŽŶLJ͘ďŽƐůĞLJΛĞϮǀ͘ĐŽŵ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ'ŽƚŚĞŶďƵƌŐ͕ ^ǁĞĚĞŶ ŝƉĂƌƚŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŝ&ŝƐŝĐĂ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚăĚŝDŝůĂŶŽ ĞϮǀƐĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚƐůƚĚ͕ h< >/^dK&WZd//WEd^ Z/dK͕:ŽƐĠ ũďƌŝƚŽΛĂůĨϭ͘Đŝŝ͘ĨĐ͘Ƶů͘Ɖƚ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŽ^ƵƉĞƌŝŽƌĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂƐ ĚĂ^ĂƷĚĞŐĂƐDŽŶŝnj ZKhtZ͕WĞƚĞƌ ƉĞƚĞƌ͘ďƌŽƵǁĞƌΛƉĂŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂů͘ĐŽŵ WEĂůLJƚŝĐĂů͘s͘ ZhzEKE<y͕WĞƚĞƌ ƉĞƚĞƌ͘ďƌƵLJŶĚŽŶĐŬdžΛƐŬLJƐĐĂŶ͘ďĞ ^ŬLJ^ĐĂŶ hK>/Z/͕'ŝŽǀĂŶŶŝ ŐŝŽǀĂŶŶŝ͘ďƵĐĐŽůŝĞƌŝΛƵŶŝůĞ͘ŝƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚăĚĞů^ĂůĞŶƚŽ hE/,͕'ƵĞŶƚĞƌ 'ƵĞŶƚĞƌ͘ƵnjĂŶŝĐŚΛďĂŵ͘ĚĞ ͕>ŝǀŝĂsŝĚĂů >͕ƌŝƐƚŝĂŶĞ ĐƌŝƐĐĂůnjĂΛŚŽƚŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ͖ ĐĂƚĂƌŝŶĞΛůŝŶ͘ƵĨƌũ͘ďƌ ZZDd͕>ĂƌĂ ũŽĂŽ͘ǀĞůŽƐŽΛƵĂ͘Ɖƚ Zs>,K͕>ƵŝƐĂ ůƵŝƐĂΛĐŝŝ͘ĨĐ͘Ƶů͘Ɖƚ ^d>>EK͕ůĨƌĞĚŽ ĂůĨƌĞĚŽ͘ĐĂƐƚĞůůĂŶŽΛƵŶŝůĞ͘ŝƚ s>>K͕'ŝŽǀĂŶŶŝ ŐŝŽǀĂŶŶŝ͘ĐĂǀĂůůŽΛƐƵƉƐŝ͘ĐŚ /D^hW^/^ǁŝƚnjĞƌůĂŶĚ ,dd>͕ĂǀŝĚ ĐŚĞƚƚůĞΛŵĐŵĂƐƚĞƌ͘ĐĂ DĐDĂƐƚĞƌhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ĂŶĂĚĂ ,hZKs͕sŝĐƚŽƌ ŵĂƐƚĞƌͲϭϳΛƌĂŵďůĞƌ͘ƌƵ K>,K͕>ƵŝƐ ůƵŝƐ͘ĐŽĞůŚŽΛŝƉůĞŝƌŝĂ͘Ɖƚ KE/K͕ŶĂ ĂŶĂƐŽĨŝĂΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ KE^dEd/E^h͕ ŽŐĚĂŶ ďĐŽŶƐƚΛŶŝƉŶĞ͘ƌŽ KZE:K͕>ŽƌĞŶĂ ůŽƌĞŶĂĐƉΛƵƚĂ͘Đů ůŽƌĞŶĂĐŽƌŶĞũŽƉΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ Ks/d͕ĂŶŝĞů ĚƐĐŽǀŝƚĂΛƵĂ͘Ɖƚ Z/^dͲ^dE͕ĂŶŝĞůĂ ĚĂŶŝĞůĂΛŶŝƉŶĞ͘ƌŽ zz</͕DĂƚĞƵƐnj njLJnjLJĐŬŝΛŶŽǀĞůů͘Ĩƚũ͘ĂŐŚ͘ĞĚƵ͘Ɖů 'Ks͕^ƵůƚĂŶ ƐƵůƚĂŶ͘ĚĂďĂŐŽǀΛůŶĨ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ E/>͕Žď ďŽď͘ĚĂŶŝĞůΛĞϮǀ͘ĐŽŵ ZZhdE͕WŝƐƵƚƚŝ ƉŝƐƵƚƚŝΛŚŽƚŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ WW͕WŽů ƉŽů͘ĚĞƉĂƉĞΛďƌƵŬĞƌͲĂdžƐ͘ĚĞ ƌƵŬĞƌy^ ^DZ͕ũƂƌŶ ũŽƌŶ͘Ğ^ĂŵďĞƌΛhŐĞŶƚ͘ďĞ 'ŚĞŶƚhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ĞůŐŝƵŵ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW ƵŶĚĞƐĂŶƐƚĂůƚĨƺƌ DĂƚĞƌŝĂůĨŽƌƐĐŚƵŶŐƵŶĚͲ ƉƌƺĨƵŶŐ ŽŵƉůƵƚĞŶƐĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ DĂĚƌŝĚ͕^ƉĂŝŶ EƵĐůĞĂƌ/ŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚĂƚŝŽŶ >ĂďŽƌĂƚŽƌLJ͘KWWͬh&Z:͘ /ϯE͕WŚLJƐŝĐƐĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨǀĞŝƌŽ ĞŶƚƌŽĚĞ&şƐŝĐĂƚſŵŝĐĂĚĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ>ŝƐďŽĂ ŝƉĂƌƚŝŵĞŶƚŽĚŝ^ĐŝĞŶnjĂĚĞŝ DĂƚĞƌŝĂůŝͲhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚăĚŝ >ĞĐĐĞ͕/ƚĂůLJ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ'ĞŽĐŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ^ Z^ DZy͕ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨ WŚLJƐŝĐƐ͕hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ /Ͳ/ŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚĂƚŝŽŶĞŶƚĞƌͲ &dhͲhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ EĂƚŝŽŶĂůŝŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨŶƵĐůĞĂƌ ƉŚLJƐŝĐƐĂŶĚĞŶŐŝŶĞĞƌŝŶŐ͕ ZŽŵĞŶŝĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĚĞdĂƌĂƉĂĐĄĂŶĚ ĞŶƚƌŽĚĞ/ŶǀĞƐƚŝŐĂĐŝŽŶĞƐĚĞů ,ŽŵďƌĞĞŶĞůĞƐŝĞƌƚŽ /ϯE͕WŚLJƐŝĐƐĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨǀĞŝƌŽ EĂƚŝŽŶĂů/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨEƵĐůĞĂƌ WŚLJƐŝĐƐĂŶĚŶŐŝŶĞĞƌŝŶŐ ',hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ĂŶĚdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJ /E&E>ĂďEĂnj&ƌĂƐĐĂƚŝ ĞϮǀƐĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚƐůƚĚ͕ h< <ĂƐĞƚƐĂƌƚhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ ĂŶŐŬŽŬ͕dŚĂŝůĂŶĚ >/^dK&WZd//WEd^ ^E/͕sůĂĚĂŶ ǀĚĞƐŶŝĐĂΛŝƌď͘Śƌ ĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨĨŝŶĞĂƌƚƐ͕ĂŐƌĞď ^Kh͕ůƐƚĂŶ ĚĞƐŽƵnjĞΛŵĐŵĂƐƚĞƌ͘ĐĂ DĐDĂƐƚĞƌhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ /'/h>/K͕ƵŐĞŶŝŽ ƵŐŐĞŶŝŽϴϲΛŚŽƚŵĂŝů͘ŝƚ ŽůŽŐŶĂhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ />>͕^ŝŵŽŶĞ ƐŝŵŽŶĞ͘ĚŝůůΛŚĞůŵƵƚͲĨŝƐĐŚĞƌ͘ĚĞ ,ĞůŵƵƚ&ŝƐĐŚĞƌ'ŵď, h'Ez͕ŚƌŝƐƚŽƉŚĞ ŝŶĨŽΛƐĐŚĂĞĨĞƌͲƚĞĐŚ͘ĐŽŵ ^ĐŚĂĞĨĞƌdĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞƐ ''Zd͕dŽďŝĂƐ ƚŽďŝĂƐ͘ĞŐŐĞƌƚΛŬĞƚĞŬ͘ŶĞƚ <d<'ŵď, /,Zd͕ŝĂŶĞ ĚŝĂŶĞ͘ĞŝĐŚĞƌƚΛĞůĞƚƚƌĂ͘ƚƌŝĞƐƚĞ͘ŝƚ ůĞƚƚƌĂ^d ZK)E͕,ĂƐĂŶ ŚĞƌĚŽŐĂŶΛƉĂƵ͘ĞĚƵ͘ƚƌ ^͕:ŽƐĠ ũĞƐĐĂĚĂΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ &/E/͕^ƚũĞƉŬŽ ƐƚũĞƉŬŽ͘ĨĂnjŝŶŝĐΛŝƌď͘Śƌ ZƵĚũĞƌŽƐŬŽǀŝĐ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ &ZEE^͕>ƵŝƐ ƉĂŶĐŚŽΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ &ZEE͕:ŽƌŐĞ ĚƵĂƌĚŽ &ZEĄEͲZh/͕ ZĂŵſŶ ũŽƌŐĞ͘ĨĞƌŶĂŶĚĞnjΛƵŶŝďŽ͘ŝƚ ƌĂŵŽŶ͘ĨĞƌŶĂŶĚĞnjΛƵĂŵ͘ĞƐ WĂŵƵŬŬĂůĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ƌƚΘ ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ&ĂĐƵůƚLJ͕ĞŶŝnjůŝ͕ dhZ<z 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DZYh^͕:ŽƐĠ ũŵŵĂƌƋƵĞƐΛĨĐ͘Ƶů͘Ɖƚ ĞƉĂƌƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞ&şƐŝĐĂĚĂ &ĂĐƵůĚĂĚĞĚĞŝġŶĐŝĂƐĚĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞ>ŝƐďŽĂ DZd/E͕:ĞƐƵƐ ŵĂĚĞůĞŝŶĞ͘ƉĞLJƚĂǀŝŶΛƚŚĞƌŵŽĨŝƐŚĞƌ͘ĐŽŵ dŚĞƌŵŽ&ŝƐŚĞƌ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐ DZdzE/h<͕sŝŬƚŽƌ ŵƌƚΛĞůǀĂƚĞĐŚ͘ĐŽŵ ůǀĂƚĞĐŚ>ƚĚ͘ DZt,͕>ĂƌĂ ŵĂƌǁĂŚĂΛŝƐŝď͘ďĞ /Z/^/ D^^ž͕ĂƌŝŽ ŵĂƐƐĂďŽΛŐĞ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚăĚŝ'ĞŶŽǀĂ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW >/^dK&WZd//WEd^ Dd/^͕:ŽƐĠ ĨĐũĂŵΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ Dd:/͕>ŝĚŝũĂ ůŝĚŝũĂ͘ŵĂƚΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ ƌŽĂƚŝĂ DZd͕ĂŶŝĞů ĚŵĞĞƌƚΛĐĂŶďĞƌƌĂ͘ĐŽŵ EZZEs DE^͕ZƵƚĞ ŶƉŝŶŚĂŽΛŝƚŶ͘Ɖƚ /dEʹEƵĐůĞĂƌĂŶĚ dĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĐĂů/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ DĠE^'hE͕zǀĞƐ LJǀĞƐ͘ŵĞŶĞƐŐƵĞŶΛĐĞĂ͘Ĩƌ DZ>d͕ůĂƵĚĞ ĐůĂƵĚĞ͘ŵĞƌůĞƚΛŐŵ͘ƵŶŝǀͲŵŽŶƚƉϮ͘Ĩƌ EZ^ D/Z:t^</͕ĂŶŝĞů Ě͘ŵŝĞƌnjĞũĞǁƐŬŝΛƉǁƉǁ͘Ɖů WŽůŝƐŚ^ĞĐƵƌŝƚLJWƌŝŶƚŝŶŐtŽƌŬƐ D/'>/KZ/͕ůĞƐƐĂŶĚƌŽ ŵŝŐůŝŽƌŝΛĨŝ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ /WZd/DEdK/&/^/Ͳ hE/sZ^/dzK&&>KZE DKEd/ZK͕ƌŝƐƚŝŶĂ ĐƌŝƐƚŝŶĂΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ DKZ/Z͕^ŝůǀĂŶĂ ƐŝůǀĂŶĂΛĨĞĐ͘ƵŶŝĐĂŵƉ͘ďƌ hE/sZ^/dzK&DW/E^ DKZ>>͕DĂƚŚŝĞƵ ŵŵŽƌĞůůĞΛĐĂŶďĞƌƌĂ͘ĐŽŵ EZZEs DKd͕ĂƌůĂ ĐĞŶŐŶƵĐůĞĂƌΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ Dƺ>>Z͕DĂƚƚŚŝĂƐ ŵĂƚƚŚŝĂƐ͘ŵƵĞůůĞƌΛƉƚď͘ĚĞ DzZ^͕'ŽƌĚŽŶ ŐŵLJĞƌƐΛƐŝŝŶƚƵƐĂ͘ĐŽŵ ^//EĂŶŽdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJh^/ŶĐ͘ Dz<͕ŽĨŝĂ njŽĨŝĂ͘ŵnjLJŬΛŝŵŶ͘ŐůŝǁŝĐĞ͘Ɖů /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨEŽŶͲ&ĞƌƌŽƵƐ DĞƚĂůƐ E</͕/njƵŵŝ ŝŶĂŬĂŝΛƌƐ͘ŬĂŐƵ͘ƚƵƐ͘ĂĐ͘ũƉ dŽŬLJŽhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ E<z͕zĂƐƵŬĂnjƵ zĂƐƵŬĂnjƵΛdƌƵĞŵŽŽŶ͘ŵďŽdž͘ŵĞĚŝĂ ĞƉ͘ŽĨDĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ͘ŬLJŽƚŽͲƵ͘ĂĐ͘ũƉ ĂŶĚŶŐ͕͘<LJŽƚŽhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ Ed>>h͕,ƵŐŽ ŚƵŐŽΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ EDZ͕DĂƌŝũĂŶ ŵĂƌŝũĂŶ͘ŶĞĐĞŵĞƌΛŝũƐ͘Ɛŝ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚ:ŽnjĞĨ^ƚĞĨĂŶ EE^>͕ĞƌŶŚĂƌĚ ŶĞŶƐĞůΛŚĞůŵƵƚͲĨŝƐĐŚĞƌ͘ĚĞ ,ĞůŵƵƚ&ŝƐĐŚĞƌ'ŵď, E/h>͕ĚƌŝĂŶ ĂĚƌŝĂŶ͘ŶŝĐƵůĂĞΛƉŶĚĞƚĞĐƚŽƌ͘ĚĞ WE^ĞŶƐŽƌ'ŵď, E/D>͕ƌƚŽ ĂƌƚŽ͘ŶŝĞŵĞůĂΛƉŝdžƉŽůĂƌ͘ĐŽŵ WŝdžƉŽůĂƌ EhsK͕DĂƌŝĂ:͘ ŵĂƌŝĂΛƵŶĞdž͘ĞƐ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨdžƚƌĞŵĂĚƵƌĂ Ehd^,͕ŶĚƌĞĂƐ ĂŶĚƌĞĂƐ͘ŶƵƚƐĐŚΛŝŝƐď͘ĨƌĂƵŶŚŽĨĞƌ͘ĚĞ &ƌĂƵŶŚŽĨĞƌ//^ K,K^͕:ĂƐŵŝŶĂ ũŽďŚŽĚĂƐΛŝƌď͘Śƌ ZƵĚĞƌŽƐŬŽǀŝĐ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ KZZ/'K͕^ŽŶũĂ ƐŽŶũĂŽƌƌŝŐŽΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ K^E͕:ĂŶŽƐ ŽƐĂŶΛĂĞŬŝ͘ŬĨŬŝ͘ŚƵ ,ƵŶŐĂƌŝĂŶĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨ ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ<&</ƚŽŵŝĐŶĞƌŐLJ ZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ Kh>>d͕^ŝŵŽŶ ƐŽƵĞůůĞƚΛĐůĂŝƐƐĞ͘ĐŽŵ ůĂŝƐƐĞ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚŝŽŶ W/>>Ͳ>sZ͕ ZŽŵĄŶ Z͘WĂĚŝůůĂͲůǀĂƌĞnjΛŝĂĞĂ͘ŽƌŐ /ŶƚĞƌŶĂƚŝŽŶĂůƚŽŵŝĐŶĞƌŐLJ ŐĞŶĐLJ͕sŝĞŶŶĂ͕ƵƐƚƌŝĂ W'>^͕DĂƌĐĞů ŵĂƌĐĞů͘ƉĂŐĞůƐΛƉŚLJƐŝŬ͘ƚƵͲďĞƌůŝŶ͘ĚĞ dĞĐŚŶŝƐĐŚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚćƚĞƌůŝŶ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW KWWͰh&Z:ͲZŝŽĚĞ:ĂŶĞŝƌŽͲ ƌĂnjŝů WŚLJƐŝŬĂůŝƐĐŚͲdĞĐŚŶŝƐĐŚĞ ƵŶĚĞƐĂŶƐƚĂůƚ >/^dK&WZd//WEd^ W,><͕^ƚĞĨĨĞŶ ƐƚĞĨĨĞŶ͘ƉĂŚůŬĞΛŬĞƚĞŬ͘ŶĞƚ <d<'ŵď, W>Dă͕'ŝĂŶĨƌĂŶĐŽ ƉĂůĂŵĂΛůĞ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ ĞƉƚ͘^ĐŝĞŶnjĂĚĞŝDĂƚĞƌŝĂůŝ WWW͕dŝďŽƌ ƚŝďƉĂƉƉΛĐĂŵďƌŝĚŐĞƐĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐ͘ŶĞƚ ĂŵďƌŝĚŐĞ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐ Ws͕/ǀĂLJůŽ ŝƉĞĞǀΛƚŽŝǀĞů͘ĐŽŵ dK/s>>ƚĚ͕͘^ŽĨŝĂ͕ƵůŐĂƌŝĂ W:Ks/ͲD/>/͕ŶĂ ĂŶĂŵŝůŝĐΛƌLJĞƌƐŽŶ͘ĐĂ ZLJĞƌƐŽŶhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ WWWKE/͕'ŝĂŶĐĂƌůŽ Ő͘ƉĞƉƉŽŶŝΛŚŽƚŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ D/E>Ăď͕DDʹ/ƌƐƚ͕ &ŽŶĚĂnjŝŽŶĞƌƵŶŽ<ĞƐƐůĞƌ WZ>d͕>ƵŝƐ ůƵŝƐΛůŝƉ͘Ɖƚ &h>ͬ>/W W^^E,͕^ŽĨŝĂ ĂůĚĂƐƉƐŽƵƐĂΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ ĐĞŶƚƌŽĚĞĨŝƐŝĐĂĂƚſŵŝĐĂĚĂ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞůŝƐďŽĂ W/KZ<͕^ƚĂŶŝƐůĂǁ ƐƚĂŶ͘ƉŝŽƌĞŬΛƚŚĞƌŵŽ͘ĐŽŵ dŚĞƌŵŽEŝƚŽŶŶĂůLJnjĞƌƐ͕>> W/dZ,͕ĨƌŝĐĂ WK>><Kt^</͕ĞĂƚƌŝdž Wh:K>͕:ŽĂŶ YhZ>d͕/ŐŶĂĐŝŽ Z<t/d͕sĂŶĞƐƐĂ /ŶƐƚ͘ŽĨĂƌƚŚ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ Η:͘ůŵĞƌĂΗ^/ WŚLJƐŝŬĂůŝƐĐŚͲdĞĐŚŶŝƐĐŚĞ ďĞĂƚƌŝdž͘ƉŽůůĂŬŽǁƐŬŝΛƉƚď͘ĚĞ ƵŶĚĞƐĂŶƐƚĂůƚ &/^,Z/E^dZhDEd^͕^͕͘͘ ũŽĂŶ͘ƉƵũŽůΛĨŝƐĐŚĞƌͲŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚƐ͘ĞƐ ^ƉĂŝŶ /ŶƐƚ͘ŽĨĂƌƚŚ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ ŝƋƵĞƌĂůƚΛŝũĂ͘ĐƐŝĐ͘ĞƐ Η:͘ůŵĞƌĂΗ͕^/ D&ĞĚĞƌĂů/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞĨŽƌ ǀĂŶĞƐƐĂ͘ƌĂĐŬǁŝƚnjΛďĂŵ͘ĚĞ DĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚĂŶĚ dĞƐƚŝŶŐ ĂƉŝƚĂƌĐŚΛŝũĂ͘ĐƐŝĐ͘ĞƐ Zd<͕DĂƌƚŝŶ ŵĂƌƚŝŶ͘ƌĂĚƚŬĞΛďĂŵ͘ĚĞ D Z>/E/͕DĂƌĐŽ ŵ͘ƌĞĂůŝŶŝΛŝĐǀďĐ͘ĐŶƌ͘ŝƚ /sͲEZ Zh^͕ZŽďĞƌƚ ƌŚƌĞĚƵƐΛĂŵƉƚĞŬ͘ĐŽŵ ŵƉƚĞŬ/ŶĐ͘ Z'K͕&ůŽƌďĞůĂ ĨůŽƌďĞůĂΛůŝƉ͘Ɖƚ >/WͲ>ŝƐďŽĂ Z/E,Zd͕&ĂůŬ ĨĂůŬ͘ƌĞŝŶŚĂƌĚƚΛƉƚď͘ĚĞ WŚLJƐŝŬĂůŝƐĐŚͲdĞĐŚŶŝƐĐŚĞ ƵŶĚĞƐĂŶƐƚĂůƚ ZYh/,&ZZ/Z͕ >ƵŝƐ ƌĞƋƵŝĐŚĂΛĐŝ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ Z^W>/͕DŝŐƵĞů͘ ƌĞƐƉĂůĚŝnjĂΛƵƐ͘ĞƐ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ^ĞǀŝůůĞ ZhdZ͕ŝƌŬ ĚŝƌŬ͘ƌĞƵƚĞƌΛďĂŵ͘ĚĞ D Z//ZKWZ/Z͕ 'ĂďƌŝĞůĂ ŐĂďƌŝĞůĂΛůŝŶ͘ƵĨƌũ͘ďƌ EƵĐůĞĂƌ/ŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚĂƚŝŽŶ >ĂďŽƌĂƚŽƌLJͲ>/EͬKWWͬh&Z: Z/,Z͕ŐŶĞƐ ĂŐŶĞƐ͘ƌŝĐŚĂƌĚΛƉƐŝ͘ĐŚ WĂƵů^ĐŚĞƌƌĞƌ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚ Z/sZ͕^ĠďĂƐƚŝĞŶ ƐƌŝǀĂƌĚΛĐůĂŝƐƐĞ͘ĐŽŵ ůĂŝƐƐĞ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚŝŽŶ ZK͕ŚƵůͲhŶ ĐƵƌŽΛŝŶŚĂ͘ĂĐ͘Ŭƌ /ŶŚĂhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ ZKZ/'h^͕DĂƌƚĂ ŵ͘ƌŽĚƌŝŐƵĞƐΛĂŬďŝůĚ͘ĂĐ͘Ăƚ ĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨ&ŝŶĞƌƚƐsŝĞŶŶĂ͕ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞĂŶĚ dĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJŝŶƌƚ ZKZ/'h^͕DĂƚŝĂƐ ŵĂƚŝĂƐ͘ƌŽĚƌŝŐƵĞƐΛĐĞĂ͘Ĩƌ >E, ZKZ/'h^͕^ĞƌŐŝŽ ƐĞƌŐŝŽ͘ƌŽĚƌŝŐƵĞƐΛdžĞŶŽĐƐ͘ĐŽŵ yEK^^ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW >/^dK&WZd//WEd^ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŽĚĞŝĞŶĐŝĂĚĞůŽƐ DĂƚĞƌŝĂůĞƐͲhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝĚĂĚĚĞ sĂůĞŶĐŝĂ EƵĐůĞĂƌŶŐ͘Ɖƚ͕͘DĞĐŚĂŶŝĐĂů ŶŐ͘^ĐŚŽŽů͕EĂƚŝŽŶĂů dĞĐŚŶŝĐĂůhŶŝǀ͘ŽĨƚŚĞŶƐ ZK>E͕ůŽĚŽĂůĚŽ ĐůŽĚŽĂůĚŽ͘ƌŽůĚĂŶΛƵǀ͘ĞƐ ZKhE/͕WĂŶĂŐŝŽƚĂ ƉƌŽƵŶŝΛŶƵĐůĞĂƌ͘ŶƚƵĂ͘Őƌ ZhE^^KE͕:ĂŶͲƌŝŬ ũĂŶͲĞƌŝŬ͘ƌƵďĞŶƐƐŽŶΛĨLJƐŝŬ͘ƵƵ͘ƐĞ hƉƉƐĂůĂhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ ^<DKdK͕^ŝůŵĂƌĂ ^ĂŶĂĞ ƐŝůŵĂƌĂƐĂŶĂĞΛĨŵǀĂ͘ƵŶĞƐƉ͘ďƌ hE^W͕ƌĂnjŝů ^>sd͕&ƌĂŶĐĞƐĐ ĨƌĂŶĐĞƐĐ͘ƐĂůǀĂƚΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚĂƚĚĞĂƌĐĞůŽŶĂ EĂƚŝŽŶĂůZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚEƵĐůĞĂƌ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ;DŽƐĐŽǁ ŶŐŝŶĞĞƌŝŶŐWŚLJƐŝĐƐ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞͿ ƚŽŵŝĐWŚLJƐŝĐƐĞŶƚĞƌ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ>ŝƐďŽŶ ^DKs͕sŝĐƚŽƌ ǀͲƐĂŵĞĚŽǀΛLJĂŶĚĞdž͘ƌƵ ^DW/K͕:ŽƌŐĞ ũŵƐĂŵƉĂŝŽΛĨĐ͘Ƶů͘Ɖƚ ^ĄE,͕,ĠĐƚŽƌ ũƐĂŶΛĨĂŵĂĨ͘ƵŶĐ͘ĞĚƵ͘Ăƌ &ĂD&͕hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨſƌĚŽďĂ ^EdK^͕:ŽĂƋƵŝŵ ũŵĨΛŐŝĂŶ͘ĨŝƐ͘ƵĐ͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽŝŵďƌĂ ^EdK^͕:ŽƐĞWĂƵůŽ ũƉƐΛĨĐƚ͘ƵŶů͘Ɖƚ hŶŝǀ͘EŽǀĂ>ŝƐďŽĂ ^dK͕/ǀŽŶĞDƵůĂŬŽ ŝŵƐĂƚŽΛŝƉĞŶ͘ďƌ /WE͗/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚŽĚĞWĞƐƋƵŝƐĂƐ ŶĞƌŐĠƚŝĐĂƐĞEƵĐůĞĂƌĞƐ ^s>/s͕sĂůĞƌŝ ǀƐĂǀĞůŝĞǀΛƐŝŝŶƚƵƐĂ͘ĐŽŵ ^//EĂŶŽdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJh^͕/ŶĐ͘ ^,Z&͕KůŝǀĞƌ ŽůŝǀĞƌ͘ƐĐŚĂƌĨΛďĂŵ͘ĚĞ ^,KKE:E^͕dŽŵ dŽŵ͘^ĐŚŽŽŶũĂŶƐΛŵĞ͘ĐŽŵ ^,h>͕DĞůĂŶŝĞ ŵĞůĂŶŝĞ͘ƐĐŚƵůnjĞΛƉŶĚĞƚĞĐƚŽƌ͘ĚĞ WEĞƚĞĐƚŽƌ'ŵď, ^Kd͕sŝǀŝĂŶĂ ǀŝǀŝĂŶĂ͘ƐĐŽƚΛƵŶŝďŽ͘ŝƚ ůŵĂDĂƚĞƌ^ƚƵĚŝŽƌƵŵ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŽůŽŐŶĂ ^Kh>>Z͕ĂǀŝĚ 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ŚĞŝŬĞ͘ƐŽůƚĂƵΛƉŶƐĞŶƐŽƌ͘ĚĞ WE^ĞŶƐŽƌ'ŵď, ^dK^E,͕,ĂŐĞŶ ŚĂŐĞŶ͘ƐƚŽƐŶĂĐŚΛďƌƵŬĞƌͲŶĂŶŽ͘ĚĞ ƌƵŬĞƌEĂŶŽ'ŵď, ^dZ<͕ŽƌŶĞůŝĂ ĞŵƐΛŚĞůŵŚŽůƚnjͲďĞƌůŝŶ͘ĚĞ͖ ,ĞůŵŚŽůƚnjͲĞŶƚƌƵŵĞƌůŝŶ ĐŽƌŶĞůŝĂ͘ƐƚƌĞĞĐŬΛŚĞůŵŚŽůƚnjͲďĞƌůŝŶ͘ĚĞ ^dZ>/͕ŚƌŝƐƚŝŶĂ ƐƚƌĞůŝΛĂƚŝ͘ĂĐ͘Ăƚ hŶŝǀ͘WƌŽĨ͘ ^dZƺZ͕>ŽƚŚĂƌ ůƚƐΛŚůů͘ŵƉŐ͘ĚĞ ^ĞŵŝĐŽŶĚƵĐƚŽƌ>ĂďŽƌĂƚŽƌLJŽĨ ƚŚĞDĂdžͲWůĂŶĐŬͲ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞƐ ^>ſ</͕/ŵƌĞ ƐnjĂůŽŬŝΛƌĞĂŬ͘ďŵĞ͘ŚƵ ƵĚĂƉĞƐƚhŶŝǀŽĨdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJ ĂŶĚĐŽŶŽŵŝĐƐ͕/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ EƵĐůĞĂƌdĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞƐ d//͕ŶŐĞůŽ ƚĂŝďŝΛĨĞ͘ŝŶĨŶ͘ŝƚ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ&ĞƌƌĂƌĂ d<,^,/͕DĂƐĂŶŽƌŝ ŵƚĂŬĂŚĂƐŚŝΛƐŝŝŶƚƵƐĂ͘ĐŽŵ ^//EĂŶŽdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJh^/ŶĐ͘ dE/'h,/͕<ĂnjƵŽ ƚĂŶŝŐƵĐŚŝΛƚĞĐŚŶŽͲdž͘ĐŽ͘ũƉ dĞĐŚŶŽyŽ͕͘>ƚĚ͘ dZKZ'͕ZĂůĨ ƌĂůĨ͘ƚĞƌďŽƌŐΛďƌƵŬĞƌͲŶĂŶŽ͘ĚĞ ƌƵŬĞƌEĂŶŽ'ŵď, d/d͕ĂƌďĂƌĂ ďĂƌďĂƌĂ͘ƚŝƚnjĞΛƉŶƐĞŶƐŽƌ͘ĚĞ WEĞƚĞĐƚŽƌ'ŵď, dKD^͕ůĨƌĞĚŽ ĂƚŽŵĂƐΛƵŶŝnjĂƌ͘ĞƐ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨĂƌĂŐŽnjĂ dZh͕DĂƌĐ ŵĂƌĐ͘ƚƌĂƵĞΛŬĞƚĞŬ͘ŶĞƚ <d<'ŵď, dZE<KsĄ͕>ĞŶŬĂ ůĞŶŬĂ͘ƚƌŶŬŽǀĂΛĨũĨŝ͘ĐǀƵƚ͘Đnj dZK:<͕dŽŵĂƐ ƚŽŵĂƐ͘ƚƌŽũĞŬΛĨũĨŝ͘ĐǀƵƚ͘Đnj dZhEKs͕sĂůĞŶƚŝŶĂ dƌƵŶŽǀĂΛŝŶƉ͘ŶƐŬ͘ƐƵ͖ǀĂůŶĂͲ ƚΛŵĂŝů͘ƌƵ d^h:/͕<ŽƵŝĐŚŝ ƚƐƵũŝΛĂͲĐŚĞŵ͘ĞŶŐ͘ŽƐĂŬĂͲĐƵ͘ĂĐ͘ũƉ KƐĂŬĂŝƚLJhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ njĞĐŚdĞĐŚŶŝĐĂůhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŝŶ WƌĂŐƵĞ njĞĐŚdĞĐŚŶŝĐĂůhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŝŶ WƌĂŐƵĞ ͘s͘EŝŬŽůĂĞǀ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ /ŶŽƌŐĂŶŝĐŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ^Z^ EĂƚŝŽŶĂů/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ ĚǀĂŶĐĞĚ/ŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂů^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ĂŶĚdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJ WŚLJƐŝŬĂůŝƐĐŚͲdĞĐŚŶŝƐĐŚĞ ƵŶĚĞƐĂŶƐƚĂůƚ h</͕DĂƐĂŚŝƌŽ ƵŬŝďĞͲŵΛĂŝƐƚ͘ŐŽ͘ũƉ hEdZhD^Z'Z͕ ZĂŝŶĞƌ ƌĂŝŶĞƌ͘ƵŶƚĞƌƵŵƐďĞƌŐĞƌΛƉƚď͘ĚĞ s>Ed͕>ƵşƐ ůƵŝƐǀĂůĞŶƚĞΛŝƚŝƐĞ͘Ɖƚ /d/^ʹƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐdĠĐŶŝĐŽƐĚĞ WƌĞĐŝƐĆŽĞŝĞŶƚşĨŝĐŽƐ͕>ĚĂ͘ sE'>͕ZĞŶĂĂƚ ŵĂĚĞůĞŝŶĞ͘ƉĞLJƚĂǀŝŶΛƚŚĞƌŵŽĨŝƐŚĞƌ͘ĐŽŵ dŚĞƌŵŽ&ŝƐŚĞƌ^ĐŝĞŶƚŝĨŝĐ sE'Z/<E͕ZĞŶĞ ƌĞŶĞ͘ǀĂŶŐƌŝĞŬĞŶΛƵĂ͘ĂĐ͘ďĞ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŶƚǁĞƌƉ sED>͕<ĂƚůĞĞŶ ŬĂƚůĞĞŶ͘ǀĂŶŵĞĞůΛƵĂ͘ĂĐ͘ďĞ s>K^K͕:ŽĆŽ ũŽĂŽ͘ǀĞůŽƐŽΛƵĂ͘Ɖƚ sZZ/͕>ƵĐĂ ůƵĐĂǀĞƌĂϴϲΛƚŝŶ͘ŝƚ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨŶƚǁĞƌƉ͕ ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ /ϯE͕WŚLJƐŝĐƐĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨǀĞŝƌŽ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚăĚŝŽůŽŐŶĂ >/^dK&WZd//WEd^ /ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨƉƉůŝĞĚWŚLJƐŝĐƐ͕ EĂƚŝŽŶĂůĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ ŽĨhŬƌĂŝŶĞ;/WE^hͿ 'ŚĞŶƚhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ĞƉƚ͘ŽĨ ŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂůŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ sZ^,zE^<z/͕^Z'// ƚŽƉŝĐĞƌΛƌĂŵďůĞƌ͘ƌƵ s/E͕>ĂƐnjůŽ ůĂƐnjůŽ͘ǀŝŶĐnjĞΛƵŐĞŶƚ͘ďĞ sZK^͕ƌƵŶŽ ďƌƵŶŽ͘ǀƌĞďŽƐΛƉĂŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂů͘ĐŽŵ WEĂůLJƚŝĐĂů t,/d͕sŝĐƚŽƌ ǀŝĐƚŽƌ͘ǁŚŝƚĞΛũƉů͘ŶĂƐĂ͘ŐŽǀ :W>ͲĂůƚĞĐŚ t/>Ky͕:ĂƌŽƐůĂǀĂ ũnjǁΛũƉů͘ŶĂƐĂ͘ŐŽǀ :W>ͲĂůƚĞĐŚ t/dd<KWW͕ŶĚƌĞĂƐ ĂŶĚƌĞĂƐ͘ǁŝƚƚŬŽƉƉΛĂŵĞƚĞŬ͘ĚĞ ŵĞƚĞŬͬy tKZh^,<͕WĞƚĞƌ ǁŽďŝΛĂƚŝ͘ĂĐ͘Ăƚ hŶŝǀ͘WƌŽĨ͘ tK>&&͕dŝŵŽ ƚŝŵŽ͘ǁŽůĨĨΛƚƵͲďĞƌůŝŶ͘ĚĞ /KWdĞĐŚŶŝĐĂůhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ ĞƌůŝŶ Z<^͕ŚĂƌĂůĂŵƉŽƐ ĐŚĂƌĂůĂŵďŽƐ͘njĂƌŬĂĚĂƐΛƉĂŶĂůLJƚŝĐĂů͘ĐŽŵ WEĂůLJƚŝĐĂů͘s͘ t/^͕ĞĂƚĂ ďĞĂƚĂ͘njĂǁŝƐnjĂΛƵƐ͘ĞĚƵ͘Ɖů hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ^ŝůĞƐŝĂ ,hK͕^ŚĂŶŐũƵŶ ƐũnjŚƵŽΛŵĂŝů͘ƐŝĐ͘ĂĐ͘ĐŶ ^ŚĂŶŐŚĂŝ/ŶƐƚŝƚ͘ŽĨĞƌĂŵŝĐƐ͕ ŚŝŶĞƐĞĐĂĚĞŵLJŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ /dE/<͕DĂƚũĂǎ ŵĂƚũĂnj͘njŝƚŶŝŬΛŝũƐ͘Ɛŝ :ŽǎĞĨ^ƚĞĨĂŶ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞ sZs͕sĂůĞŶƚŝŶĂ ǀĂůŝnjĂŶƚΛŵĂŝů͘ƌƵ ͘s͘EŝŬŽůĂĞǀ/ŶƐƚŝƚƵƚĞŽĨ /ŶŽƌŐĂŶŝĐŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ^Z^ KWWSH[UVILVXFSW
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