- Pacific Disaster Net

Cuban Civil Defense:
Cyclone Preparedness Measures
EWS workshop – Nuku’alofa
November 2009
Presentation by UNDP Pacific Centre
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
1
Civil Defense
According to Law 75 on National Defense, Civil
Defense is:
A national system of state measures, the
purpose of which is to protect the population,
property, infrastructure and the national
economy.
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
2
1
Civil Defense
President
Of the
Council of State
OACE
Dependencies
Provinces
1st Vice President
of the Council of State
Minister of Armed Forces
Municipalities
General Staff DC
Dependencias
Dependencias
Businesses
Social institutions
Dependencias
Defense Zone
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
3
Decree-Law 75 – on Civil Defense System of
Measures
• The functions and place of state agencies, businesses
and social institutions in relation to complying with
Civil Defense measures,
• The organization and implementation of Civil
Defense measures to protect the population and the
economy,
• The establishment of phases,
• Financing of Civil Defense plans and measures.
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
4
2
WIRE COMMUNICATIONS
TO THE RISK MANAGEMENT CENTRES AS PART
OF THE EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS
Met Office
Civil
Defense
PABX
Server
Server
CGR
Modems
CGR
CGR
CGR
CGR
CGR
Multi-hazard risk assessment program
National
Civil Defense
Ministry of Science
Technology and
Environment (CITMA)
Provincial
Government
Municipal
Government
Environmental
Agency
Manageme
nt
Centers
for Risk
Reduction
Multi-hazard
Risk
Assessment Group
Territorial
CITMA
Universities
Institutions
People’s
Councils
First Phase:
Second Phase: Third Phase:
Fourth Phase:
Identification of
hazard scenarios
(susceptibility)
Calculation of Hazard
Calculation of
Vulnerability
Estimation of Risk
1.1 Local disaster
database
1.2 Building spatial
database
1.3 Pre-processing
of thematic maps
1.4 Susceptibility
2.1 Frequency
Analysis
2.2 Spatial and
temporal
probabilities
2.3 Hazard
assessment
3.1 Analysis of
socio-economic
conditions
3.2 Analysis of
vulnerability
indicators
3.3 Vulnerability
4.1 Risk estimation
4.2 Risk mapping
and visualization
4.3 Risk evaluation
3
General Staff of Cuban Civil Defense
• National authority
• Emergency measures
• International conventions
• Cooperation and
humanitarian aid
programs.
• Organizes, coordinates and
monitors
• State agenices
• Businesses
• Social institutions
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
José Pedro Lopes
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
7
EARLY WARNING SYSTEM FOR TROPICAL CYCLONES
BERMUDAS
UDAS
BERM
Zone of
reinforced
monitoring
ISLAS
ISLAS BAHAM
BAHAMAS
AS
CUBA
CUBA
ISLAS
ISLAS CAIM
CAIMÁN
ÁN
GUATEMALA
GUATEM
ALA
EL
EL SALVADOR
SALVADOR
ISLAS VÍRGENES
ISLAS
VÍRGENES (GRAN
(GRAN BRETA
BRETA
ANTIGUA
ANTIGUA Y
Y BARBU
BARBU
DOM
DOMINICA
INICA
Zone of
maximum
attention
COSTA RICA
COSTA
RICA
ARUBA
ARUBA
COLOM
COLOMBIA
BIA
BARBA
BARBA
GRANADA
GRANADA
TRINIDAD
TRINIDAD Y
Y TOB
TOB
TO
VENEZUELA
VENEZUELA
GUYA
GUYA
BRAS
BRAS
4
Municipio Habana Vieja
Seawater flooding
in Plaza de la
Revolución
municipality
5
Dr. Jose Rubiera, Head of Forecasting
6
PHASES ESTABLISHED FOR
PREPAREDNESS
• INFORMATION PHASE – 96 hours
before
• ALERT PHASE – 24 hours before,
evacuation
• ALARM PHASE – landfall imminent
• RECOVERY PHASE – after cyclone
WILL DEPEND ON THE TYPE OF
13
HAZARD AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
Mass evacuations for tropical
cyclones.
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
14
7
CYCLONE
Date
Category
on the
SaffirSimpson
scale
Characteristics
Provinces
Michelle
04 Nov 2001
4
Max wind speed of
215 km/h.
Gusts up to 250 km/h.
Matanzas, Cienfuegos,
Villa Clara and Santi
Spiritus
Isidore
20 Sept 2002
2
Max wind speed of
165 km/h.
Gusts up to 250 km/h
Accumulated rainfall
of 364 mm.
Pinar del Río, Isla de la
Juventud
Lili
01 Oct 2002
2
Max wind speed of134
km/h.
Gusts up to 164 km/h
Accumulated rainfall
of 111 mm.
Pinar del Río, Isla de la
Juventud
Charley
13 Aug 2004
2-3
Max wind speed of
220 km/h.
Gusts up to 280 km/h.
Provincia La Habana/
Ciudad Habana and
Pinar del Río.
IVÁN
13 Sept 2004
4-5
Max wind speed of
250 km/h.
Gusts up to 310 km/h.
Pinar del Río, Isla de la
Juventud, Provincia de
La Habana
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
15
Hurricane Michelle
(4 November2001)
• Category 4, the first
high intensity
hurricane to hit Cuba
in this century
• The previous
hurricane of this
magnitude was
Hurricane Fox in
October 1952.
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
16
8
Hurricane Michelle
Evacuation of the population
areas at risk.
• 564,031 residents
• Of these 166,339 sent to
shelters
• 397,903 were sent to the houses
of relatives or neighbours
Evacuation of students at
boarding schools.
• 219,206 sent home
• 522 sent to shelters
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
17
Hurricane Isidore
(20 September 2002)
• Struck Cuba only
10 months after
Hurricane
Michelle.
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
18
9
Hurricane Isidore
Evacuation of the population in
at risk areas.
• 223,842 inhabitants
• Of these 20,981 sent to
shelters, the rest sent to
houses of family and
neighbors
Evacuation of boarding
school students.
• 112,951 sent home.
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
19
Hurricane Lili
(1 October 2002)
• Arrived in Cuba
just 11 days after
Hurricane Isidore
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
20
10
Two hurricanes in 11 days
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
21
Hurricane Lili
Evacuation of the population in at risk areas
• 385,323 inhabitants
• Of the 56, 204 sent to shelters, the rest sent to the
houses of family and neighbors.
Evacuation of boarding school students.
• 163,498 sent home.
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
22
11
Hurricane Charley
13 August 2004
Evacuation of the population in at risk areas.
• 221,228 inhabitants
• Of the 35,749 sent to shelters, the rest sent to the
houses of family and neighbours.
Evacuation of students.
• 1175 sent home.
Evacuation of tourists.
• 1348 tourists (Cayo Largo del Sur).
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
23
Hurricane Ivan
Activation of Command
Posts).
• 14 in provinces
• 169 in municipalities
Movilization of personnel
and transport vehicles .
• 215,122 personnel
• 13,016 vehicles and
equipment.
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
José Pedro Lopes
24
12
Hurricane Ivan
Evacuation of the population in at risk areas
• 1,898,396 inhabitants.
• Of these 416,123 sent to shelters.
Evacuation of students.
• 359,644 sent home
Evacuation of tourists.
• 8026 tourists.
Total: 2,266,066
Serviço Nacional Bombeiros
Protecção Civil
JUL2003
e
José Pedro Lopes
“SISTEMA NACIONAL DE PROTECÇÃO CIVIL”
25
EVACUATION SUMMARY
HURRICANES
DATE
1-MICHELLE
4 NOV 2001
# EVACUATED
STUDENTS
TOTAL
564 031
219 206
783 237
2-ISIDORE
20 SEP 2002
223 842
11 295
235 137
3-LILI
1 OCT 2002
385 323
163 498
548 821
4-CHARLY
13 AUG2004
221 228
1175
222 403
1 898 396
359 644
2 258 040
3 292 818
754 718
4 047 638
5-IVÁN
13 SEPT 2004
13
Gustav, Hanna and Ike in 02/Sept
Total evacuation: 3,179,846 people
Casualties: 7 people
Total estimated damage: ~10,000 million
USD
Total housing damage: 444,000 houses
Total collapsed houses: 63,249 houses
Temporally homeless: ~200,000 people
14
Meteoro
• National simulation exercise in all workplaces,
schools and neighborhoods
• Annually, just before start of cyclone season
• Participation mandatory
15