p o l i t i k a rCeuli Txzulebani

rCeuli Txzulebani
ocdaxuT tomad
Tanamedrove qarTuli literaturis klasikosis, rusTave­
lis premiis laureatis, revaz miSvelaZis Semoqmedeba karga­
xania msoflio literaturis organul nawilad iqca.
`saqarTvelos macne~ gamoscems prozis didostatis revaz
miSvelaZis rCeul TxzulebaTa ocdaxuTtomeuls.
mkiTxveli am tomebis wakiTxvisas advilad darwmundeba, rom
mwerlis Janrulad uaRresad mdidar nawerebSi Cans ara marto
saqarTvelos problemebi, aramed qarTuli sarkmlidan dana­
xuli msoflioc.
2013
politika
tomi
XVIII
gamomcemloba `saqarTvelos macne~
ISBN 978-9941-16-228-2 (ocdaxuTive tomi)
ISBN 978-9941-16-349-4 (XVIII tomi)
redaqtori
merab cagareiSvili
kompiuteruli
uzrunvelyofa
mavra bancuri
ciala ZimistariSvili
 revaz miSvelaZe, rCeuli Txzulebani ocdaxuT tomad
 gamomcemloba `saqarTvelos macne~, Tbilisi, 2013
misamarTi: Tbilisi, 0179, i. WavWavaZis gamz. #27
ramdenjer unda Sercxve...
Cveni opozicia, rogorc xedavT, dabneulia, misi liderebi
ki, xan iqiT garbian, xan aqeT gamorbian.
rac opoziciam SarSan, aprilidan agvistomde qarTveli
xalxi amasxarava, xan galiebis binadrebad gadaaqcia, xan suleluri TariRebi uniSna da imedis foCiani kanfetebi aZlia
gaubedurebul da usamsaxurod darCenilebs.
me sabolood Camomiyalibda Cemi azri am e. w. opoziciaze da amas veravin Semacvlevinebs. mkiTxvelo, gaxsovs da,
ra Tqma unda, gemaxsovreba, 500 manqana gavidoda Tbilisidan
da 520 manqana dabrundeboda ukan. aba, CvenTan aris quTaisi,
_ gamoacxadeben mitingze. iyo erTi ambavi, erTi taSis kvra
da momitingeTa Soris Semodioda 27, ha-ha 29 kaci. bolos da
bolos, es Teatraloba, cirkis dadgma, saqarTvelos centrSi
mTeli msoflios TvalSi xom CvenTvis TavismomWreli iyo, magram yvelaze metad im imeds urtyamda CaquCs da wvavda im nel
naRverdalze, ra imedic qarTveli kacis gulSi arsebobda.
axla, bolos da bolos, Wadrakis saxlSi xalxi rom gaamasxaraves, ra Tqma unda, me ar mivsulvar...
me iq ar mivedi, imitom rom Cemi RirsebisTvis Zalian damamcirebeli iyo, me vicodi, riT damTavrdeboda yvelaferi,
magram Zalian Semecodnen Cemi sufTa kolegebi, namdvili inteligentebi, xelovnebis warmomadgenlebi, maT Soris mwerlebic iyvnen.
Semecodnen, rom kidev gulubryvilod hqondaT SerCenili
am opoziciis gaerTianebis imedi. erTi wamiT, SegiZlia warmoidgino, rom es e. w. opoziciis beladebi erT razmSi iqnebian da erTi saqmisTvis ibrZoleben?
amas veraviTar SemTxvevaSi ver warmoidgen da ratom, ici?
99 procents opoziciis liderebisas ara aqvs saqarTvelos
Svelis araviTari survili. ai, rom daelaparako, kaco, aseTi
ambavi momxdara, ager, ojaxi SimSiliT amomwydara, ager Svid-
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suliani ojaxia da arc erTi kaci ar muSaobs... Sen rom icode,
opoziciis liderebdan arc erTi SimSiliT ar kvdeba, xelisufleba sakmaod kargad afinansebs opoziciur partiebs. Cemda
gasamtyuneblad, modi aseTi ram gaakeTe: yvelaze xelmomarTul, me geubnebi Sen, mwerali rezo miSvelaZe, yvelaze xelmomarTul opozicioner liderTan, axla rom zogi qalaqis
merobis msurvelia da zogi iqiT-aqeT garbis, gamorbis, ariqa,
iq vinmem ar mimaswroso, miagzavne ai, aseT liderTan Raribi
kaci, mosmeniTac ar mousmens. rogorc ki kaci Tavis gaWirvebaze Camoagdebs laparaks, icode Sen, am Cvens rCeuls imedis
TvaliT da sasoebiT rom Sehyurebda mTeli saqarTvelo, im
wuTSi mTqnareba autydeba.
Tu moxda saswauli da zrdilobisTvis mousmina, gamamtyune
da Semdeg miTxari: batono rezo, ki xarT saxelganTqmuli mwe­
rali, magram Tqven ar gqoniaT politikuri alRo, magaliTad,
mivagzavne ama da am kacTan, ama da am liderTan gaWirvebuli,
SvidSviliani, usaxsrod darCenili adamiani da maSinve gaikra
jibeze xeli, Tundac 50-lariani aCuqao. ar moxdeba aseTi ram.
isini xalxisTvis saqarTvelos gadarCenisTvis, saqarTvelos
SvelisTvis ar zrunaven.
maTi ocnebaa, radac ar unda daujdeT, moipovon ori skami
_ prezidentis savarZeli da qalaqis meris savarZeli.
maTi jiuti neba da jiuti ocneba amis iqiT ar midis.
an is ra aris, roca opoziciuri partiis lideri ambobs:
rusebs teritoriebis dabrunebaze ar unda davelaparakoTo,
sxva raRacebze unda vilaparakoTo, amaze arao. sxva raze
velaparako rusebs, lamazi gogoebi gamomigzavne-meTqi? me,
gasresili, teritoriebwarTmeuli qveyana, raze velaparako
rusebs, `balalaika~ erTad davukraT-meTqi?
kargi, kaco, ramdenjer unda Sercxve, ramdenjer unda
dagiWiron tyuilSi, rom waxvide politikidan? maT daZaxilze
saqarTveloSi 200 aTasi kaci aRar gamova, arc 10 aTasi kaci,
ha-ha, Wadrakis sasaxle gaavson.
albaT, usmineT saakaSvilis gamosvlas parlamentSi. iq
bolos moxda cota ucnauri ram `qristian-demokratebma~
ise Seuties, yvela gaocebuli darCa. aris azri, rom es
yvelaferi Cawyobili iyo saakaSvilTan. aseve, aris azri,
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rom gamoCnda realuri Zala, romelic e. w. quCis opozicias
Caanacvlebs.
Cven sakmaod vlanZReT `qristian-demokratebi~, rom es iyo
Straikbrexeroba, es iyo eris interesebis gayidva, rom es nayidi partiaa da ase Semdeg. SeiZleba pirvel etapze asec iyo,
ara mgonia, rom ori kviris Seqmnili partia, romelsac saTaveSi Tundac gamocdili, magram mainc Jurnalistebi edgnen,
saqarTveloSi imden xmas aiRebda, rom Tavisi deputatebi
gaeyvana parlamentSi. aq Tavidan raRac garigeba iyo, saSualo
partia iyo xelisuflebasa da xalxs Soris. ar gamovricxav
arc imas, rom TargamaZem Tavisi razmiT moatyua xelisufleba
raRac doziT, TargamaZe dRes saswaulebs ar axdens, magram
wina Sexvedrazec da axlac `qristian-demokratebma~ prezidents bevri mware simarTle pirSi miaxales. axla sxva sakiTxia... Tqven, Jurnalistebi, yovelTvis maZiebeli da eWviani
gonebis xalxi xarT, es xom ar iyo dadgmuli speqtakli? iqneb
saakaSvili uflebas aZlevs, opoziciuri partiis warmomadgenlebi gamovidnen mkacrad? es gulis mofxanvisTvis rom ar
iyo gamiznuli, saidan Sevatyve ici? iqidan, rom kargad davinaxe, rogor abakunebdnen fexebs da rogor mosdiodaT cofi
pirze xelisuflebis buldogebad qceul parlamentarebs. sxvaTa Soris, saakaSvili ar gabrazebula ise, mSvidad usmenda
mis mimarT gamoTqmul kritikul SeniSvnebs, magram patarpatara parlamentarebic wkavwkavebdnen, fexebs abakunebdnen,
Cemo batono, da iyo erTi ambavi.
ra Tqma unda, axvledianisa da TargamaZis verc erTi SeniSvna ver gaabaTiles. es rom yofiliyo dadgmuli farsi, maSin
iseT sakiTxebs Seexebodnen, axvlediani da TargamaZe, romlebzec pasuxebi ioli mosaZebni iqneboda. ai, Cven gavakritikeT,
imaT gvipasuxes da ase damTavrdeboda yvelaferi. ra Tqma unda,
Sedegis TvalsazrisiT, parlamentis im sxdomidan qarTvelma
erma veraferi ver miiRo, magram sanaxaobrivad Zalian kargi
iyo. erTi mxriv iyo xelisufleba, romelsac akritikebdnen,
meore mxriv iyo opoziciuri Tu naxevradopoziciuri partia,
romelic Tavis simarTles vaJkacurad ambobda. saerTod, unda
icode, rom opoziciis funqcias parlamentis SigniT `qristiandemokratebi~ asruleben warmatebiT da parlaments gareT _
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`leiboristebi~. isini TiTqmis yoveldRe gamodian konkretul
sakiTxze miniSnebiT da Cvenda gasaxarad, maT mier dayenebuli
bevri konkretuli sakiTxi dadebiTad wydeba. xelisuflebis
TiTqmis yru kedeli bevrgan gaarRvies. es kargia, rom `leiboristuli partia~ xalxze mzrunveli partiaa, magram meCveneba ratomRac, rom isini ise gaerTvnen mxilebaSi, politikuri
partiis erTi mTavari amocana _ parlamentSi gasvla da xelisuflebis savarZlebis mopoveba TiTqmis daiviwyes.
axla SeiZleba marTlebi arian, rom qalaqis merobisTvis
gamarTul doRSi ar monawileoben, magram uaris Tqma yovel
arCevnebze, sul erTia, mainc ar Catardeba namdvili arCevnebio, me ver momiwonebia Cemi megobari `leiboristebisTvis~.
Sen roca uars ityvi marTali da mebrZoli partia, Sens adgils romelime naxevradopoziciuri partia daikavebs da isev
is karuseli gaTamaSdeba, is mojadoebuli wre iqneba, raSic
vtrialebT ager ukve 20 weliwadia da Tavi ver dagviRwevia.
me meCveneba, rom `qristian-demokratebma~ daikaves is adgili mTlianad rac unda daekavebina quCaSi mdgom opozicias,
anu gamodis, rom mandatebis daxevam ar gaamarTla. ukve droa,
opoziciis didma nawilma uari Tqvas politikaSi moRvaweobaze da wavides saxlSi. amis dro ukve dadga?
ra Tqma unda, es dro karga xania damdgaria, gakotrebuli
politikosi saxlSi unda wavides da sxva saqmes unda mohkidos
xeli. axla me, magaliTad, xandaxan rom mxvdebian, ver mivdivar
da xels ver varTmev, me mecodebian isini.
Se kai kaco, roca Sen gamxelen. cremlebs Rvri, Sehyvireb
xolme xandaxan _ movdivar da gavimarjvebo, Semogyurebs 100
aTasi kaci da iZaxis: vaime, es ra vaJkaci mogvevlina, es ra
cotne da daviT aRmaSenebeli gamogviCndao da mere SuaRamisas
midixar, xvdebi mavans da mavans, _ xval ra gavakeTo, rogorc
moviqceo, am sulel brbos rom hgonia, TiTqos marTla Seni
Camogdeba mindao, _ amaSi rom gamxelen, raRa unda gaakeTo?!
gaixseneT, nino burjanaZem ra Tqva, mivedi da iq damxvdnen
gaCeCilaZeebi, isxdnen saxelmwifo kancelariaSio. bolos da
bolos, Seni marTva ase advilad rom SeiZleba, aqedan erTi
daskvnis gamotanaa saWiro, _ Sen gajoba im kacma, Sen gagabiTura, gagamasxarava da kidev ras epotinebi? ra iyo, Sedi, da-
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jeqi Sens saxlSi, dawynardi, damSviddi, bizness mohkide xeli,
an raRac sxva saqme gamonaxe.
raSia iciT, saqme? or skamze jdoma, anu babac ginda da
CiCiac, ase ar gamova.
Sen qarTveli eri pirSi ar geubneba... ise kargi biWi xar
Sesaxedavad, vakeli kaci xar, yvelas uyvardi erT dros, am
xalxs aqvs raRac saocari grZnoba _ Sebralebisa, mitevebisa
da Cxubs ar giwyebs, magram yvela Tavis gulSi fiqrobs, _
gamanebe Tavi, Se matyuara, gamanebe Tavi, Zmao, ras merCi, damtove me Cems gaWirvebasTan, damtove me Cems sevdasTan.
axla gamodian, _ ariqa, praimerio... mere, praimeri me ar
mindao, ariqa, erTi kandidati movnaxoT, SevCerdeT erT kandidatzeo, gaxarebuli gamodioda Turme xalxi Wadrakis sasaxlidan... imasac ki, vinc yvelaze metad gakotrebulia, hgonia
ratomRac, rom qarTveli eris siyvaruli mas ekuTvnis, rogor
fiqrob axla, Sen, gaxarebulebi rom atrialeben Cveni televiziebi, ai, daiSala erTi opoziciuri bloki, daiSala meore
opoziciuri bloki, mere gaerTianeba moxda, mere alasania
gamoeTiSa, eka beselia gamoeTiSa irakli oqruaSvils, vinaa,
biWo, oqruaSvili, vinaa eka beselia, ra ginaxavs Sen maTi gakeTebuli praqtikuli saqme? hoda, gamoeTiSa, gamoeTiSa! gaxarebulebi arian, bolos da bolos, jer imasTan erTad myofi
da Caxutebuli verafers akeTebdi da axla gamoTiSuli risi
gamkeTebeli xar? gagaTiTokaces, mogerivnen, eSmakurad gagabiTures da axla faras CamorCenili cxvariviT darbixar iqeTaqeT... axla xan erTi ufskrulidan gadaixedav Zirs, xan meore
ufskrulidan. albaT, ginaxavs aseTi cxvari, SenTan sofelSi
naxavdi, wrialeben, wrialeben, sad wavidnen da ra gaakeTon,
aRar ician. Sen rom CamorCi, Svilo, ukve mglis lukma xar,
axla mec da Senc kargad viciT, ra xdeba, magram me mainc mTavari sakiTxi _ saqarTvelos bedi mainteresebs. saqarTvelos
xelisufleba bevrs verafers wyvets, Cveni qveyana mibmulia
dasavleTze, mibmulia amerikaze, mibmulia ruseTze. axla
SevxedoT saTiTaod. nato Tavisi jarebis gadaqaCvas apirebs
baltiispireTis siaxloveso, _ weren gazeTebi. imitom, rom
safrangeTis mier ruseTisTvis gemis miyidva, `mistrali~ rom
hqvia, qmnis saSiSroebas, rom es gemi an baltiis zRvaSi Seva, an
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Sav zRvaSi Semovao. orive ubedurebaa, saiTac gaviqeci, iqiT
waviqecio. axla awrialda natos wevri baltiispireTi, natom
uTxra, _ nu geSinia, SeiaraRebul Zalebs Senken gadmovqaCavo,
verafersac ver gadaqaCavs, aravaiTari Zala, Sen icode, natos
ar gaaCnia. ruseTi rom Sevides `mistraliTac da umistralodac, ginda baltiispireTSi, ginda saqarTveloSi Semovides,
icode, Cemo kargo, nato xmis amomRebi ar aris. saqarTvelos
mxriv, erTi magaliTi ukve iyo, ruseTi Semovida da ar gaSorebia saqme SeSfoTebas da sarkoz-medvedevis ybadaRebul
xelSekrulebas. ra mohyva mere am xelSekrulebas? xom xedav,
ar Seasrula ruseTma piroba da axla bavSvebiviT vTamaSobT.
mivuyvaneT gasalaxad amerika, magram am amerikam aqeT gviTxra,
_ wamodi, biWo, ruseTs Segneba ar hqoniao. saakaSvilma kargad
icis, rom nato aravisTvis gamoidebs Tavs, arc baltiispireTisTvis. is imaSic darwmunda, rom evrokavSiris dadgenilebebi da gaeros mkvdari rezoluciebi, arafris maqnisia.
isic icis saakaSvilma, rom ara marto evropam gagvwira
Cven, aramed amerikamac.
evropa Tavis tyavs ufrTxildeba, Tan is gazsadeni
adardebs, romelic ruseTidan Sedis, CvenTvis Tavs ar itkiebs, es faqtia. Cven Zalian kargad vicodiT, rom es ase iqneboda. marTlac vixtunaveT aqeT-iqiT, xan am tribunaze gamovdiodiT, xan im tribunaze, ver gavalRveT Cven evrokavSiris
guli, axla obamamac Sors dagviWira, esec kargad icis saakaSvilma, magram ra qnas? saakaSvili iq damTavrdeba, rogorc
ki Tundac pawawkintela SeniSvnas isvris amerikis misamarTiT.
amerika isedac aris aRrenili, obama ukve sxva ganwyobiT aris
saqarTvelos mimarT da Cven uialqno naviviT Segvacures istoriis okeaneSi, varT ai, ase, casa da xmeleTs Sua gamokidebulebi. yvelaze did damsaxurebad saqarTvelos amerika uTvlis axla avRaneTSi Cveni biWebis gagzavnas da aris gavsebuli
amerikis gazeTebi: rom icodeT, ra kargad arian gawvrTnili
qarTveli jariskacebi, rogor gviyvars Cveni megobari saqarTvelo, Cvens magivrad sisxls Rvris avRaneTSio. ra qnas
ubedurma saqarTvelom, axla Zalian advilia patriotuli
mjiRis cema gulze, ra undaT qarTvel biWebs avRaneTSi, mec
vambob amas, ratom unda daiRvaros qarTveli kacis sisxli,
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romelsac amerikuli jaris forma acvia? magram aba, erTi saakaSvilma Tqvas uari, ar gavagzavnio, axla rom daxmarebas gvaZlevs amerika fulad da mxolod fulad, kide mogvcems? sul
tyuili aRmoCnda is qartia, dafa-zurniT rom dado amerikam
saqarTvelosTan, e. w. samxedro daxmarebis Sesaxeb.
Sagrenis tyaviviT SeikumSa da gaiwova es qartia. axla
amerika fuls gadmogvigdebs xolme, rom mSierebi ar davixocoT, Cven Tu vityviT Zvirs amerikaze, im fulsac Segviwyveten.
ruseTi eZebs CvenTan dasayrdens inteligenciaSi, mwerlebSi, xelovnebis muSakebSi, magram me vfiqrob, rom amaod
eZebs. es ar moxdeba, ar SeiZleba, rom Cven simwriT mopovebuli Tavisufleba Cveni nebiTve mivyidoT vinmes, Tumca rusis
politikosebi dasayrdens mainc pouloben. magram is mikvirs,
ruseTma noRaidelze cotaTi ukeTesi mainc veravin ipova?
me getyviT pirdapir, rom saqarTveloSi araviTari partiebi ar arsebobs. marto siebi arsebobs, sadac xalxi varaudzea
Cawerili. TavianTi megobrebi, naTesavebi, axloblebi da ase
Semdeg. noRaideli xalxis saxeliT rom gadi-gamodis da ruseTTan xelSekrulebebs debs, es sasacilo ar aris? anda eWvs
ar aRZravs? raSia saqme, me magaliTad, 20 welia, ruseTSi ver
wavsulvar Cemi samwerlo da samecniero saqmeebis gadamkide.
ranairad dadis es kaci yovelkvira moskovSi? saqarTvelos
xelisuflebas ruseTSi visi gaSvebac ar unda, uamrav mizezs
mouZebnis, vTqvaT, aeroportSive gaaCerebs, an vizas gauCerebs,
an raRac sxva mizezs mouZebnis. es dadis, daparpaSebs Tavisuflad. es romeli noRaidelia, ici? saqarTvelos veraviTari
sikeTe rom ver moutana Tavisi premier-ministrobiT; es is noRaidelia, romlis keTili nebiTac da dasturiTac moxda 2007
wlis 7 noemberi, romel sircxvilsac verasodes Camoirecxavs
saqarTvelos xelisufleba. erT patara ambavs getyvi, piradad CemTan dakavSirebiT. erTi avadmyofi kaci iyo, romelsac
operacia sWirdeboda. mogvmarTa me da levan sanikiZes, _ iqneb
miSuamdgomloT finansTa ministrTano. 5 aTasi lari daxmareba gamomiyos, an sesxad momces, raRac formiTo. axlac ar veubnebi me aravis uars Suamdgomlobaze, sxva sakiTxia, ramdenad
SveliT Cemi Suamdgomloba, magram uars vinmes rogor vetyvi?
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hoda, mivediT me da levan sanikiZe zurab noRaidelTan, maSin
finansTa ministri iyo. ori saaTi velodeT kabinetTan, mdivani Sedis, gamodis, iciT, axlave migiRebT. axla ar scalia...
iciT, axla amas akeTebs, Cven vzivarT da aravin Sesula, arc
aravin gamosula gareT. am mdivanma gogonam gvatyua, gvatyua,
gamodis da bodiSi mogixadaT, axlave migiRebTo. varT axla,
me da levan sanikiZe, CamovwydiT lodiniT. sami saaTi rom
gavida, me vuTxari gogonas, _ Sedi, genacvale, uTxari bolobolo, gviRebT Tu ara-meTqi? Sevida, uceb gamovida da vaime,
iciT rao? ukana karidan gasula batoni zurabi, gaparulao.
ai, aseTi kaci unda iyos Cemi beladi da winamZRoli?
ai, aseTma kacma unda gamikvlos me gza da urTierToba
ruseTTan? me kidev erTxel vambob, gela, rom ra Tqma unda,
politikaSic da diplomatiaSic gabutva ar SeiZleba, sisuleles ambobs ruseTis xelmZRvaneli _ Cven saakaSvils ar
velaparakebiT, umZraxad var masTano... ras hqvia, kaco, ar
elaparakebi, Sen ufleba vin mogca maSin, roca rus da qarTvel xalxs erTmaneTTan aqvT saukunebrivi urTierToba,
amas Sah-abasi ar ityoda, _ me ar velaparakebi Teimurazso, is
elaparakeboda, vin arian es patara biWebi. vin arian es umwifara politikosebi, rom amboben, Cven ar davelaparakebiTo.
me isev da isev dabejiTebiT vambob, saelCoc unda gaixsnas
ruseTisa TbilisSi, frenac unda aRdges, urTierTobac unda
aRdges, miuxedavad 2008 wlis agvistos omisa. Cven gvaklia
politikuri da diplomatiuri moqniloba. amas Cvenma diplomatebma yuradReba unda miaqcion, moqnilobis gareSe, qveynis
sagareo saqmeebis mogvareba ar xerxdeba. me uari vTqvi daviT aRmaSeneblis premiaze imitom, rom is kaci, vinc es premia
daawesa, ruseTis mmarTvel wreebTan megobrobs.
me uari vTqvi im saxelmwifos mier mocemul premiaze,
romelzec akaki wereTeli ambobda, _ gaiZvera moyvareao.
romelzec ilia WavWavaZem daikvnesa _ rac kargi eqnas rusisa
xiStsa, RmerTma is ukan russave misceso. me uari vTqvi im
rusis mier mocemul premiaze, romelmac 1801 wels gamiuqma
saxelmwifoebrioba, romelmac Cemi alaverdi da sveticxoveli TeTri kiriT SemiTxupna, romelmac qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalia gaauqma, romelmac 2008 wels udanaSaulo biWebi
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damixoca, damipyro, tankebiT gadaxna waRma-ukuRma saqarTvelo da 160 sofeli wamarTva.
aravisTvis zedmeti ar iqneboda is 20 aTasi lari, romelsac
aviRebdi, magram, rom warmovidgine es yvelaferi, uari vTqvi.
axla ra xdeba, ici? Cemze ufro didi vaJkacebi gamovidnen
sxvebi, romlebmac es fuli aiRes, RmerTma xeli moumarToT,
imaT TavianTi Sexedulebebi aqvT, magram me viRacis jinaze am
premiebs ver aviRebdi. me Tavidanve gamovedi da gamovacxade,
ar vkicxav imaT, vinc premias miiRebs-meTqi, kolegebi arian
Cemi da pativs vcem-meTqi. axla es Cemi kolegebi gauTaveblad,
udReurad da uniWod, wkipurtebs mesvrian. viTom SegveSinda
me da Wabua amirejibs, xelisuflebas gavurigdiT, ufro meti
fuli gamovarTviT, vidre daviT aRmaSeneblis premia iyo.
ise Sevida imaT ojaxSi xelisuflebidan miZRvnili fuli,
rogorc Cems ojaxSi Semovida.
axla qaliviT viwyevlebi, magram nuTu, kaco, yvelaferi
unda Tqvas enam? nuTu enas Wavli ar moedeba arasodes? Sen
gaamarTle kaco, Sen rom premia aiRe da vinc ar aiRo, imas
raze kben? ese igi, Sen erTi wuTiT mainc geCveneba, rom Sen
imaze ukeTesi xar, an imaze ukeTesi mwerali xar? ai, sanam iqneba aseTi Sinagani, qvecnobieri zizRi, araferi ar gveSveleba,
Tu Zma xar. me sxvanairi kaci var, me Cems Tavs yovelTvis
vTvli keTil mrCevlad, Suamavlad, Serigebis da mitevebis
momxred da verasodes viqnebi gawirvis momxre. Sen ras hgav­
xar, Sen ra cxvirpiri gaqvs, Sen ra katokiT gadavlils hgavxar, Sen ra fqvilis tomridan amosuli xar? ra iyo, kaco, amdeni lanZRva, gauTavebeli, arc qali viciT, arc kaci viciT...
ki, ironia saWiroa, brwyinvale Tvisebaa, eg Cemi mogonilia,
Tavs vdeb ironiazec da iumorzec, magram gakapasebuli qaliviT da yoveldRe RvarZli gadmoanTxio, ar SeiZleba. kargia,
rom ironiulad viRacas gakicxav, ai, mSvenivrad mieweba zogierTs `daRlil virTan~ Sedareba, magram amis iqiT ukve marTla aRar SeiZleba. ra vici, Zmao, iseTi rTulia es cxovreba,
iseTi saSinelebaa, rom xandaxan ifiqreb, yvelafers daanebo
Tavi da saerTod gadaikargo sadme.
2011 w.
13
am wuTsac veli ruseTis Setevas
saqarTveloze
ukrainis saprezidento arCevnebze qarTuli desantis
gadasxmidan TiTqmis ori Tve gavida da Tamamad SemiZlia
giTxraT, rom mixeil saakaSvilis mecadineobiT namdvilad ar
mogviwyenia. metic, am adamianma 13 marts mTeli qveyana Caagdo
SokSi. xvdebiT, albaT, rom telekompania `imedis~ eTerSi gaSvebul provokacias vgulisxmob.
unda giTxraT, rom es siuJeti CemTvis warmoudgeneli ram
ar yofila ori ramis gamo...
ai, axla gelaparakebi mkiTxvelo, me Sen da am wuTasac veli
ruseTis Setevas saqarTveloze.
es Seteva bolo 20 wlis damokidebulebis gamo ki ar aris
mosalodneli, es libo gamagrebulia saqarTvelo-ruseTis
200-wliani urTierTobiT. Cven xom kargad viciT, rom pirqve
iyo damxobili mTeli me-19 saukunis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelo.
CavrTe televizori da, ra Tqma unda, xelis TiTebi gamicivda imisgan, rasac vismendi, magram gakvirvebiT ar gamkvirvebia.
me aman SemaZrwuna, magram es iyo SemaZrwunebeli mosalodneloba. daukvirdiT, es ki ar iyo marto tyuili, yoveldRe yoveli fexis nabijze saqarTvelos televiziebi atyueben xalxs patar-patara tyuilebiT, sul sxvaa sinamdvileSi
cxovreba da sul sxvaa telecxovreba.
ai, me pirdapir getyviT, ar vici vin karnaxobs am televiziebis xelmZRvanelebs. Cemi azriT, TviTon es xelmZRvanelebi arian dabali donisani da aqvT monuri morCileba xelisuflebis mimarT da hgoniaT, rom Tu erTi patara siuJeti mainc
gava cota iseTi, maT panRuriskvriT gayrian televiziebidan.
Tu marTla asea saqme, Se kai kaco, nuTu ase Zvirad giRirs
marionetis skami? xom araviTari dafnis gvirgvini ar elis xelisuflebis damqaS Jurnalists? magaliTad, iseTi rogoric
daedga sergei mesxs? aseTi saxeli da dideba xom arc erT
teleJurnalists ar eRirseba? maSin ra iyo, Se kai kaco, ram
dagakompleqsa ase? ara Tu xelisuflebis kritika ar WaWanebs am arxebze, ara Tu raime gansxvavebuli azri ar WaWa-
14
nebs, aramed pirovnebebia amoRebuli... ese igi, es pirovneba
ar moswons amas da ar gamoaCinoT, arc kargad da arc avad ar
gamoaCinoT, dae, qarTvel telemayurebels egonos, rom is ar
arsebobs. ai, es grZeldeba ukve TiTqmis 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi. minda gkiTxoT, sadme kursebi arsebobs, sadac gamohyavT es
mosulelo da avadmyofi teleJurnalistebi?
aseTi kursebi albaT arsebobs `nacionalur moZraobaSi~.
ese igi, iq aswavlian: raki mwerali aris sazogadoebrivi
azris upirvelesi mebairaxtre, raki am pirSercxvenili politikosebis gadamkide saqarTvelos jer kidev sjera Tavisi
mwerlisa da raki isev miaCnia Tavis mrCevlad, nu gamoaCenT
eTerSi.
am bolo dros ra xdeba, iciT? arsebobda xelisuflebis
oTxi-xuTi Tanamoazre Cemi kolega, isinic ki waSales eTeridan... aba, daakvirdi, pirdapir gaoceba Segipyrobs. amas imitom giyvebi, rom Tu 13 martamdel movlenebs gadavxedavT,
`imedSi~ gasuli siuJeti aRar unda gagvikvirdes, moulodneli ar unda iyos. axla, bevri maTgani, vinc televiziaSi muSaobs, Cemi nacnobia da rom mxvdebian, vekiTxebi: gamagebineT,
biWo, ra xdeba, raSia saqme, vinme giSliT zemodan, qarTveli
mwerali ar gamoaCinoT-meTqi? isini im wuTSi xelebs asavsaveben da mimtkiceben: ara, batono rezo, rogor gekadrebaT,
aravin Cvens saqmeSi ar ereva, aravin Cven amas ar geubnebao. vai
Tqven maSin, Tu amas ar geubnebian da TviTon aiReT es roli!
TviTon prezidentma Tqva amas winaT, rogor SeiZlebao
kaco, msoflio kulturis elementaruli codna rom ara aqvT
Cvens axalgazrdebso? arc skolaSi aswavlian amas da arc
umaRles saswavlebelSio. me vusmendi amas da gamixarda.
ai, televizorSi yovel saRamos gviCveneben, mavanma danaSauli Caidina da daiWireso. Se kai kaco, ufro didi danaSauli ra unda Caedina vinmes, vidre es Caidina kaxa lomaiam? am
adamianma Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi 600 policieli
Semoiyvana da iqauroba miwasTan gaaswora. aviRoT omis periodi, roca is uSiSroebis sabWos mdivani iyo, acxadebda:
Cven, mTlianad vakontrolebT samxreT oseTso, xolo rac Seexeba cxinvals, rogorc dasaxlebuli punqti, aRar arsebobs,
miwasTan aris gasworebulio. axla vxedavT Cven televiziiT
15
kadrebs, rogorc sami saxli daingra gorSi, isea sami saxli
dangreuli cxinvalSi. risTvis ginda, kaco, mteri xar saqarTvelosi, amas rom akeTeb? ukve cxinvali miwasTan aris gasworebulio, gana es ar iyo mizanmimarTuli provokacia, axla rom
gikvirT es gadacema? isao, droebiT cxinvalidan gamovediT
da irgvliv SemaRlebuli adgilidan vakontrolebT mTlianad
mTel cxinvalso. am dros TviTon rusis generals dasdevda
da Cvens prezidents kidev Turme kapitulaciaze sami dRis
mowerili hqonia xeli. es kaci, gela, trapizonSi eswreboda
ragbis TamaSs da imxelaze hqonda piri gaRebuli, rom Tavisuflad Seufrindeboda yvavi.
baqraZis gverdiT ijda lomaia, Sen rom gaauqme sportis
akademia, ra namusiT ijeqi stadionze, Se usindisov?! ra namusiT ukravdi taSs, ra namusiT gulSematkivrobdi qarTvel
sportsmenebs?!
ai, amitom mtkiva guli me, sami laris qurds cixeSi rom
alpoben da marTla danaSaulis Camdeni kidev stadionze zis
da taSs ukravs, esaa ubedureba. prezidento, keTili inebe,
mokide imas yurSi xeli, lomaias bralic aris, dRe-naxevarSi rom damTavrda omi ruseTTan... ratom, ici? mag adamianis
msubuqi xeliT saskolo saxelmZRvaneloebidan amoRebuli
iqna 80 procenti qarTuli patriotuli poeziisa. am dros,
Cemo kargo, Sen rom ar ginda, bavSvebi gazardo patriotebad,
swored imitom, iyo, rom cxinvalis moedanze ormocdaaTma
biWma uyoymanod daiCoqa. imaT rom Zval-rbilSi hqonodaT
gamjdari galaktionis an vaJa-fSavelas romelime leqsi samSobloze, erTi mainc aRmoCndeboda, romelic ityoda: ara, ar
daviCoqeb, momkaliT da ar daviCoqeb, me qarTveli var!
ai, amitom vambob me, rom televiziiT gasuli SemaZrwunebeli siuJeti CemTvis ar yofila moulodneli. am qveyanaSi ori ram saWiroebs gonivrul reformas, unda Seicvalos
Cveni swavlebis sistema, Cven xom, faqtobrivad, gadavagdeT
Cveni erovnuli saskolo programa? aseve, saswrafo reformas
saWiroebs Cveni televizia, veraviTar kritikas ver uZlebs
e. w. `sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli~, aris uniWoeba, uniWoba da
uniWoba! amasac xelisufleba geubneba, Se kai kaco, gaumarTavi qarTuliT ilaparake da ar gaaWaWano qarTuli terminebio?
ra iyo, ra mogividaT, ratom mtrobT, Svilebo, am Tqven mSobliur qarTuls, ra dagiSavaT?
yvelaferi rom virwmuno da isic davijero, yovel RamiT
kancelariaSi sxedan Cinovnikebi da imaze bWoben, televizias
marwuxebi rogor mouWiron, imas mainc ver davijereb, vinme
amaT eubnebodes, gamarTuli qarTuliT ar ilaparakoTo.
raRaze unda vilaparako, roca TevzaZem sami umaRlesi
saswavlebeli SeierTa da faqtobrivad, erTic aRar arsebobs?
gamodis es TevzaZe axla da iZaxis, saxelmwifo enad inglisuri unda gamovacxadoTo.
rac Seexeba avantiurist xubuas, ukve amxiles is amaSi, rom
ori welia, rac reqtoria da ukve ormilioniani saxli aiSena,
amxiles kidev imaSi, rom Turme 3 aTasi lari ekuTvnoda xelfasi da 7 aTasi lari dainiSna, amxila kontrolis palatam
imaSi, rom arasworad iqna daxarjuli milionobiT lari TviT
xubuasve gankargulebiT. amxiles kidev imaSi, rom samarcxvino konkursebi Caatara da erT-erTi bolo konkursi ekonomistebTan Caatarebina germaniidan Camoyvanil profesors,
Tavis megobars, romelic azrze ar iyo, ra saswavlebelSi ata­
rebda konkurss, ratom atarebda, visTan atarebda, mas misca
sia xubuam da xeli moawerina.
SeiZleba, kaci moiwvio germaniidan da saerTod ar dainteresde, es adamiani metyvelebs Tu ara, raimes gadmocemis
unari aqvs Tu ara? xubuas sasamarTloebSi aqvs gauTaveblad
saqme, Cveni `sayvareli~ televizia ki yovel saRamos pitnasaviT gvCris cxvirSi xubuas galifrebul, usindiso gamometyvelebis xuTkuTxa saxes. xubuam Sejibri moawyo universitetSi, siciliT movkvdi, qaRaldis TviTmfrinavebs rom
akeTeben xolme sabavSvo baRSi, Tu baRSi givlia, gecodineba...
qaRaldis TviTmfrinavebi gaakeTebina studentebs da
moawyo Sejibri, vin ufro Sors gaafrenda.
arada, es axalgazrdebi unda iyvnen Tanamedrove moazrovneebi, romlebic cota xanSi qveynis marTvis tvirTs Seidgamen mxrebze. me kidev televiziiT miCveneben, rogor erToba xubua Tavis studentebTan, aba, qaRaldis TviTmfrinavs
vin ufro Sors gauSvebso.
gana es naklebi avantiura da provokaciaa? axla isev `imedis~ siuJets davubrundeT, Cemo batono, ukve giTxariT, CemTvis
16
2. r. miSvelaZe. tomi XVIII
17
moulodneli ar yofila-meTqi, pirveli, rac gavifiqre, es iyo:
vai, ubeduro saqarTvelov, me xom vici, CvenTvis aravin Tavs ar
gamoidebs... mere gairkva, rom es yvelaferi TamaSi iyo, ra Tqma
unda, me wnevam amiwia, orjer wamali davlie, magram simarTlis
gagebis Semdeg es ar gamkvirvebia... es iyo, sazogadoebrivi azris
ganze gayvanisTvis, Sen ar unda gagaxsendes, qarTvelo kaco, rom
umuSevari xar, arc is unda gagaxsendes, rom ager, male cxvirwin
gagiyalbebT arCevnebs da xma gaqvs amosaRebi.
ar unda inerviulo imaze, rom samarcxvino opozicia gyavs,
ar unda dainaxo, rogor daxtunaoben aqeT-iqiT. Sen garToben
televiziebi imiT, Tu romeli opozicioneri sad garbis da
vis xvdeba.
kaco, raSi mainteresebs me, guSin saRamos sad Seikribnen
Cveni ukve CaWrili opozicionerebi da raze ilaparakes? misdeven ukan gaCeCilaZes: rogor aris saqme, raze moilaparakeT
Sen da alasaniam? gamoxedavs manqanidan Cveni levani da ityvis: yvelaferi kargad iqneba. miixuravs Tavisi manqanis kars
da wava Tavis gzaze. ras merCi, Tu Zma xar, ra dagiSave? ai, es
nerviuli ZigZigi cotaTi mainc rom Caecxro, xelisuflebam
da `imedma~ moifiqres es tragikomedia, moifiqres uborotesi
xumroba, warmoudgeneli avantiura.
marti, 2010
salami axal grigalebs
saqarTvelos erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba dRi­
Ti­dRe frTebs Slis da axal mwvervalebs ipyrobs.
mowinaaRmdege; konservatiuli; bneli Zala yvelafers
akeTebs, raTa saxeli gautexos eris uZlevel SemarTebas TavisuflebisaTvis. man, am bolo dros, xma gaavrcela, TiTqos
`erovnuli aRtkinebis~ cecxli minelda da moZraoba erT adgils tkepnis, TiTqos Sinaganma daqsaqsulobam daasusta erTiani fronti da ganmaTavisuflebeli laSqari Semcirda.
mTeli xmiT vacxadebT, rom naadrevia demagogTa da
eris moRalateTa sixaruli, damoukideblobisTvis brZolis
18
Rvelfs daSreta ar uweria. igi dRiTi dRe, miwisqveSa da miwiszeda dinebebiT moicavs sruliad saqarTvelos da male
erovnuli daumorCileblobis erTian koconad agizgizdeba.
erovnul moZraobas saxels ver gautexs da, miTumetes,
mimarTulebas ver Seucvlis misi wminda, yovlismomcveli Sinagani duRilis dros motivtivebuli qafi _ brZolis formebSi
droebiTi SeuTanxmebloba, an gandidebis maniiT Sepyrobili TiTo-orola unayofo `politikosis~ da (vai sircxvilo!) korumpirebuli piris udReuri gaZvroma eronuli laSqris liderTa
karvebSi saeWvo moTaTbireTa, Tu `TanaprezidentTa~ mantiiT.
Cveni erovnuli qaravani Seudreklad ganagrZobs Tavis grandiozul svlas Tavisufali, damoukidebeli saqarTvelosken.
imperiis savalalo ekonomikur-politikuri mdgomareoba
zurgis qarad dahqris saxalxo moZraobebs da imis utyuar imeds
unergavs, rom Zalmomreobasa da erTa Cagvraze damyarebuli
sazogadoebrivi institutis gankiTxvis dRe moaxloebulia.
erTa Tanasworoba, adamianis bednierebisaTvis zrunva,
mSvidobis burjis misiis ganxorcieleba... ra absurdad Cans
es frazebi dRes im `saxelovan~ gzasTan mimarTebaSi im samocdaaTi wlis ganmavlobaSi rom gamoviareT.
maxsendeba poetis striqonebi, sarkastulad Tqmuli
araerTi aTeuli wlis winaT imperiis komunisti lideris misamarTiT: `erebis TviTgamorkveva programad hqonda qceuli,
maram mosrisa, ra naxa, man eri _ gamorkveuli~.
am bolo dros meti sidinje da gonivruloba, meti mizanswrafuloba da qmediToba, konkretuloba daetyo Cvens
erovnul aqciebs.
mixvdnen Cveni umrwmesi Zmebi, rom erTi xelis dakvriT,
erTi `hais zmiT~ Tavisuflebisa da damoukideblobis mopoveba ar moxerxdeba,
saWiroa, Cveni Tavi nel-nela aRvzardoT Tavisufali saqarTvelos amay moqalaqeebad.
jer pirovnuli damoukidebloba movipovoT da nawilnawilad gamovacaloT centrs sasTumali, Tanmimdevrulad,
Cvenve mivceT damoukidebloba erovnul uwyebebs da sxva
dawesebulebebsac.
mSvenivrad miedineba Cveni erovnuli moZraobis mdinare am
axal kalapotSi.
19
uSualod gavdivarT ucxoeTis ekonomikur bazarze, uceremoniod mivmarTavT dasavleTs: daintresdnen aneqsirebuli
saqarTvels bediT, vqmniT olimpiur komitets, vixveWT universitetis damoukideblobas, saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiri
acxadebs ssrk mweralTa kavSiridan gamoyofis survils, uars
vambobT disertaciebis da scenarebis moskovSi dasamtkiceblad gagzavnaze, vepatronebiT Cvens istoriul miwebs, gons
mosvlisken movuwodebT Tavgasul stumarT, vaxdenT erovnuli, mkvidri mosaxleobis demografil gadanawilebas. avamuSaveT aqamde cxraklitulSi migdebuli erovnuli mecenierulpublicisturi manqana imis dasadgenad, Tu vin varT Cven _ am
miwis patroni qarTvelebi da saidan Semogveparnen gaTavxedebuli stumari erebi. ra gvekuTvnis Cven, qarTvelebs, da ra
vali aqvT Cveni sikeTisa Cvens ubeSi Sefarebul tomebs.
esaa gaRviZebuli saqarTvelos axali sunTqva. es gaxlavT Cveni moZraobis axali mSvidobiani formebi. `mSvidobian formebs~ Cven wamdauwum vimeorebT, magram, sxvaTa Soris,
SevaxsenebT mtrebs, rom daviT aRmaSeneblisa da giorgi saakaZis STamomavalT arc mamulisTvis xmliT brZola daviwyniaT.
saqarTvelos erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli brZolis umTavres formad migvaCnia misi etapobrivi ganviTareba mSvidobiani, parlamenturi gziT.
moviTxovT progresuli, alternatiuli, erovnuli partiebis dauyovnebliv registraciaSi gatarebas.
mxars vuWerT mravalpartiulobas, rogorc qveynis demokratiuli xelmZRvanelobis ganxorcielebis erTaderT gzas.
dabejiTebiT vurCevT erovnuli moZraobis flagmanT
(rusTavelis sazogadoebas, saxalxo fronts, sxvadasxva partiasa da jgufebs...) gaerTiandnen erT centrad _ sruliad
saqarTvelos xsnis erovnul komitetad, romelic koordinacias gauwevs daqsaqsul saxalxo moZraobas pirvel etapze
TiToeuli sazogadoebrivi wevris originalurobisa da damoukideblobis SenarCunebiT.
kategoriulad moviTxovT xelisuflebisagan, daCqardes
erovnuli sajariso formirebebis Seqmna. Cveni warmomadgenlis mier dayenebuli am sakiTxis centris mier ignorirebis
SemTxvevaSi movuwodebT yvelas, mxari dauWiron okupaciur
jarebSi samsaxurisadmi boikotis axalgazrdul aqciebs.
20
eTnokrizisis, gamwvavebuli erovnuli urTierTobebis,
gaWirvebul stumar erTa saeWvo qmedebisTvis pasuxis gacema
`centraluri meTodebiT~, urTierTobas ufro gaamwvavebs.
saWiroa, respublikurma presam farTod gaSalos dialogi
saqarTvelos miwaze mcxovreb xalxTa warmomavlobisa da dakavebul teritoriaze maTi pretenziebis kanonierebis Sesaxeb.
istoriul samSobloTa mecnieruli moZiebisa da sxvis kuTvnil miwaze stumris mdgomareobis garkvevis Semdeg saWiroa
kategoriulad dadges sakiTxi saqarTvelos teritoriaze
arakanonier, arakonstituciuri erovnul-teritoriuli erTeulebis gauqmebis Sesaxeb.
erovnuli damoukideblobis mopovebis gzaze erT-erT
qmediT RonisZiebad migvaCnia saqarTvelos moqalaqis statusis dauyovnebliv damtkiceba.
vinaidan es saparlamento reformebi saqarTvelos umaRlesi sabWos kompetenciaa movuwodebT yvelas, mxari dauWiron,
pirvel rigSi respublikis parlamentisTvis erovnulad moazrovne kandidaturebis dasaxelebas da Semdgom maTs arCevas Tavisufali, WeSmaritad demokratiuli, sayovelTao arCevnebiT.
erovnul moZraobas gamudmebiT Tan unda axldes pirovnebis
TavisuflebisaTvis moqalaqis WeSmariti uflebebis dacvisaTvis Tanmimdevruli brZola.
saqarTvelos daoukideblobis mopoveba qimeraa, Tu
TiToeulma qarTvelma erovnul molaSqred ar igrZno Tavi da
saerTo saqmeSi Tavisi piradi monawileoba ar gaisigrZegana.
1988 w.
imedis Suqi
Cems yurebs moaxlovebuli Zlevis guguni askdeba.
es guguni ar aZinebs axla erTi droSis qveS mdgar, erT
muStad Sekrul saqarTvelos.
mainc ra xdeba ratom gadmodis napirebidan Cveni saxalxo
moZraobis SenakadebiT dRiTidRe gamZlavrebuli mdinare?
saxalxo amboxebis mizezebs unda CavwvdeT, qveynis wyluls
21
unda vumkurnaloT, amis gareSe yoveli RonisZieba moCvenebiTi, droebiTi da fuWi iqneba.
crudapirebebiT Tavgabezrebuli xalxi dRes erTgan rom
miyuCdeba, xval meoregan ifeTqebs da yvelas gvagrZnobinebs,
rom erovnuli brZola mTels saqarTvelos moedo, rom patara provinciul dabaSic ki sami-oTxi pirvelmercxlis mier
qarSi oblad afrialebuli transparanti `vacxadebT SimSilobas~ saerTo moZraobis organuli nawilia.
TavisuflebisaTvis Cveni brZola dRes ar dawyebula, igi
jer kidev maSin daiwyo, roca pirveli dampyrobeli gadmosxda saqarTvelos miwaze da Cems mSvidobian winapars borkilis
dadeba daupira.
es brZola saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi araerTgzis aRmoskda
borkilTa msxvrevis vulkanebad da gansakuTrebuli elviT
daimuxta, roca `gaiZvera moyvarem~ saxelmwifo gagviuqma da
ukidegano imperiis morevSi gvikra Tavi.
amitomac nuravis hgonia amdRevandeli gamosvlebi ukmayofilo brbos stiqiuri aRtkineba, balRiviT satyuaras rom
CasCri pirSi da gayuCdeba.
saqarTvelom didxans iTmina. mcire erTa abuCad agdebis,
dakabalebis da ganxalxebis eSmakur, Sorsgamiznul magram
SedarebiT araqmediT kompaniebs igi sayovelTao demonstraciebiT ar pasuxobda, xSirad gulSi iklavda varams, an pasiuri
protestiT gamoxatavda Tavis ukmayofilebas.
xolo roca imperiuli TviTneboba zRvars scdeboda, qarTveli eri, TiTqos jadosnur zars Semohkreso, erTbaSad
aRimarTeboda barikadebze da im erovnuli laSqris daokeba
ukve aRaraviTar Zalas aRar SeeZlo.
da maTi marTvis stilisTvis sruliad uCveulod Zlierni
ama qveynisani iZulebulni xdebodnen ukan daexiaT. ase moxda
1978 wlis aprilSi maSin, rodesac garusebis politikam apogeas miaRwia da gadawyvites erTbaSad amoeRoT saqarTvelos
konstituciidan muxli qarTuli enis saxelmwifo enad dakanonebis Sesaxeb.
Cven maSin gavimarjveT.
ase iyo aTas cxraas oTxmocdarva wlis noemberSic, rodesac xelisuflebis zogierT bnel warmomadgenels surda Cveni
aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi fiqtiuri, magram Teoriulad
22
metnaklebad srulyofili konstituciidan amoeRoT muxli
sabWoTa kavSiris Semadgenlobidan respublikaTa Tavisufali
gasvlis uflebis Sesaxeb.
gamovacxadeT istoriaSi manamde ucnobi masStabis SimSiloba da Cven maSinac gavimarjveT. noembris epopea oqros asoebiT
Caiwera Tavisufali saqarTvelosTvis brZolis istoriaSi.
gadioda dro cxovrebas gaukeTesebis niSanwyalic ki ar
etyoboda. umaRlesi xelisuflebis is warmomadgenlebi, vis
droSazec erTa Tanasworobis ybadaRebuli lozungis meore
mxares `gaTiSe da ibatone~ ewera, Cveuli energiulobiT axorcielebdnen TavianT bnel zraxvebs, xolo adgilobrivi
marionetuli mTavrobebi yvelafers akeTebdnen, raTa ilajgawyvetili xalxis suliskveTeba `maRla~ ar wasuliyo da
centris tribunebze gamosulni mziur saqarTvelos cxvariviT mSvid da Tvinier qveynad asaRebdnen.
erovnuli saqmisaTvis TiTis ganZrevac ki ar surdaT, magram maSinve aimrizebodnen, roca vinme eris mamad mwerals
gamoacxadebda, an saqarTvelos `ayvavebaSi~ maT wvlils eWvis
TvaliT Sexedavda.
am sufris patriotebma lamis Weri dagvaqcies Tavze.
yvelaze didi istoriuli danaSauli, rac saqarTvelos
xelisuflebam am samocdaaTi wlis ganmavlobaSi met-naklebi
aqtiurobiT Caidina, is gaxlavT, rom gaaRo kari da daviT
aRmaSeneblis qveyanaSi ganukiTxavad SemouSva yvela juris
gadamTieli.
saqarTvelos gadaSenebis, gaqrobis realuri safrTxe daemuqra.
da kidev erTxel gaanaTa aprilma. eri aRsdga usamarTlobis, stumar erTa TviTnebobis, adamianis uflebaTa daTrgunvis, ekonomiuri krizisis, respublikis suverenitetis SebRalvis winaaRmdeg.
bnelma Zalam urCi saqarTvelos dasja gadawyvita. Cven
umowyalod dagvCexes da saukunis SxamiT dagvwamles, magram
Cven amjeradac gavimarjveT.
ver warmoidgenen Zirmompali reJimis damqaSebi, ra moraluri gamarjveba moipova cxra aprilis sisxliT patara saqarTvelom. ara marto vananeT, cxvirSi Zmradac amovadineT
23
ugunuri saqcieli, mTeli msoflios Tvalwin niRabi CamovaglijeT da yvelas davanaxeT maTi namdvili saxe.
axla roca es striqonebi iwereba, Tavis programas
azustebs, brZolis formebs srulyofs da axali naxtomisTvis
emzadeba Cveni mSvenieri axalgazrdoba, oficialuri wreebisgan araerTgzis motyuebul-gacurebuli.
dResac ebrZvis sikvdils `mSobliuri armiis~ nawilebisgan
SxamdanTxeuli ramdenime kaci Cvens saavadmyofoebSi.
dResac epareba, gars uvlis da muStris TvaliT zveravs
Cvens miwas Secbunebuli gadamTieli, romelsac, simarTle
unda iTqvas, am bolo dros, cota ar iyos, xeli SeuSales.
dResac araerTgan Sendeba SuaRamisas Semoxetebuli stumris qarvasla, raTa mzis amosvlis mere misi fanjridan darxeuli Siqasta-baiaTiT jiuti faqtis winaSe daayenos zogi raionis doylapia xelmZRvaneli.
gardaqmnis uniaTo nabijebs ise mZlavrad dahqrola biurokratiuli mafiis grigalma, rom samasmilioniani saxelmwifos es ukanaskneli imedic ZlivsRa bJutavs da Signidanve
afeTqebiT emuqreba tyuilsa da Zalmomreobaze damyarebul
sazogadoebriv instituts. imasac ki, vis winaSec erovnuli
gadagvarebis veSapi ar dgas, sabaraTo sistema uxuTavs suls.
am dReebs unda emsaxuro, mweralo!
saxalxo moZraobis SuagulSi unda trialebde, erovnuli
brZolisTvis aqoCril xalxs sityviT da saqmiT unda Seewio,
ers unda uwinamZRvro saboloo, nanatri miznisken.
saqarTvelo unda gadavarCinoT.
imedis fari vifaroT, yovelgvar gansacdelisgan gvixsnis
CvenTvis Cveuli `Wirsa Sigan gamagreba~.
Tavi avwioT da welSi gavimarToT!
`amodis, naTdeba!~
1989 w.
erTi wliTac mivuaxlovdiT
aTas cxraas oTxmocdacxra welic bardeba warsuls.
oTxmocdacxra saqarTvelosTvis friad mRelvare, tragediebiTa da glova-foriaqiT datvirTuli weli gamodga.
24
istoriam am wels mkacri gamocda mogviwyo.
erTmaneTs mohyva cxra aprilis, ocdasami ivnisis, TxuTmeti ivlisis saSineli dReebi da eTnokrizisma saqarTveloSi
lazaTianad dawyebuli ekonomiuri da politikuri damoukideblobisaTvis sayovelTao-saxalxo brZolis, Sinasamoqalaqo
omis talRaze gadarTva scada.
magram qarTveli ar ahyva provokaciebs, Cvenma moTminebam
gamocdas gauZlo.
ver vityvi, es yovelive nervebis glejisa da TiTTakbenis gareSe moxda-meTqi, magram erTi ram cxadia; rusTavelis
qveyana ar ahyva afsua-TaTar-lek-ovsTa mier SemoTavazebul
brZolis meTodebs.
ar Caeba im uTanasworo omSi, rac SeiZleba, stumar erTaTvis savalalod dasrulebuliyo.
samagierod, aTas cxraas oTxmocdacxra welma RvTiSoblis wilxvedr qveyanas saSualeba misca mieRo kidev erTi, am
etapze misTvis friad saWiro gakveTili.
kerZod;
Cven erTxel da samudamod davrwmundiT, rom saqarTvelosTvis msoflio Tavs ar gamoidebs da Cveni xsna Cvensave
xelSia.
erTxel da samudamod davrwmundiT, rom imperia arc ise
Zlieria, rogorc mis damqaSebs hgoniaT.
erTxel da samudamod davrwmundiT, rom Cveni simarTlisa,
mTavaria, Cvenve gvjerodes da brmad nu vendobiT mravalricxovan erTa moZRvar-warmomadgenlebs. taSisgan xelisgulebs nu gadavityavebT moRvawe-turistis mier tribunidan
qamandiviT nasrol or qarTul frazaze. mere maTi umecrebac
aRar gagvikvirdeba da maTi Ralatic (saxarovi, huiti) iqneb
bunebrivad mogveCvenos.
saqarTvelo darwmunda, rom visac aswleulebis ganmavlobaSi lukma gauziara da ubeSi Seifara, swored man mouRera
muSti da zurgSi xanjali Casca. 1989 wlis cnobili movlenebiT qarTveli kacis SegnebaSi samudamod dasrulda stumari
eris mimarT dayvaveba-daTmobis epoqa, daingra xalxTa Zmobis
yalbkomunisturi ubalavro koSki da Cemma erma, erTis mxriv,
ukanaskneli gafrTxrleba misca xizan xalxebs, meore mxriv ki
25
masTan axleburi, zomieri urTierTobis istoriul aRmarTs
Seudga.
da rac mTavaria, saqarTvelo darwmunda, rom imperiis nangrevebSi ar unda mohyves. amjerad mis winaSe qveynis demografiuli gawmendis, ucxo erTa gastumreba-gacilebis gegmaa
umTavresi da pirveli nawili im sayovelTao-gegma-maqsimumisa, ramac qveyana saboloo gadarCenamde da Tavisuflebamde
unda miiyvanos.
axla saqarTvelo Tavis Zala-SesaZleblobebSi darwmunebulia. Tumca, jer kidev boginoben Tavgaxurebuli `politikosebi~ saqmes bolodan rom iwyeben, verafriT rom ver
SeugniaT mimdinare momentis mTeli simZafre da yayaneben:
qveynis demografiuli gawmenda sul ar gvainteresebs, mTavari politikuri Tavisuflebis dauyovnebeli mopovebaao.
drakonis winaaRmdeg wkepliT amxedrebaa es da meti
araferi.
Tanmimdevruli, Wkvianurad mizan-mimarTuli, yoveldRiuri, parlamenturi, alagmSvidobiani brZolis formebi
gvWirdeba Cven dRes da ara 1924 wlis msgavsi, moumzadebeli
afeTqeba-ajanyeba, romelic Cveni imperiis damcvelTa Zalaveragobis masStabebiT Tu vimsjelebT, ufro didi sisxlisRvriT SeiZleba damTavrdes, vidre 1924 wels damTavrda.
RmerTma gvaSoros SarSandeli Secdomebi, stiqiuri aqciebi, Sedeggauazrebeli RonisZiebebi, gulubryvilo lozungebi, saxalxo frontisa da rusTavelis sazogadoebebis mCxavana
yrilobebi, elementaruli parlamentaruli kulturisa da
umwifara programa-wesdebebis damtkiceba-xeldasxmis niSniT
rom Catarda, magram es mxolod dasawyisi iyo da gzaTa Ziebis
anarqia saxalxo moZraobis dasawyiss yovelTvis axlavs.
am wels da maradis ufro mozomili, brZnuli nabijebiT
unda viaroT.
ras warmoadgens igi, maTraxiT da ara xalxosnebiT Sekowiwebuli imperia, romelmac yvelas Tvalwin ganwirulis xmauriT iwyo daSla, xolo im daSlas milionTa erovnuli Tavisufleba da suvereniteti unda mohyves?
Tu Cveni samizne sworad ar SevafaseT, usier tevrSi TavCaRunulad, ukompasod mavalT davemsgavsebiT. igi, erT dros
politikur-ekonomiurad Zlieri, magram axla sayovelTao
26
krizisiT daRrRnili saxelmwifoa, romelsac erTgul damqaSad am bolo dros mxolod SeiaraRebuli Zalebi SerCenia da
sxva araferi.
igi amaod cdilobs ekonomiuri siduxWiridan Tavis daRwevas, radganac gabeduleba ar hyofnis marqsisa da leninis,
erT dros, albaT, progresul, amJamad ki aSkarad moZvelebul
Teoriebs Seelios. dRes yvelasaTvis cnobilia, rom marqsizmi
Tavisi oTxi gamousworebeli winaaRmdegobiT (klasTa brZolis Teoriis, religiis uaryofa, kerZo sakuTrebis gauqmeba,
usamSoblo moqalaqis gamoyvanis qadageba) ar SeiZleba Cvens
umTavres mecnierul moZRvrebad migvaCndes, sabWoTa imperia
ki dResac jiutad ebRauWeba meurneobriobis socialistur
kanonebs da ekonomikis marTvis biurokratiul-Cinovnikuri
stilidan win nabijic ver gadaugams.
CixSi moeqca imperiis erovnuli politika. mZime viTarebidan Tavis daRwevis efeqturi RonisZiebebis nacvlad aqveyneben plenumiswina umwifara `platformebs~, romelSic winaswar ucxadeben xalxebs, rom Tavs nu moityuebT, araferic ar
Seicvleba, yovel SemTxvevaSi, Cvengan, Cveni nebiT, nuraviTar
sikeTes nu elodebiTo. amasac ar sjerdebian, uzarmazar javSnosan qveyana-manqanaSi SeyuJulebi, TiTs uqneven pawawkintela baltiis qveynebs (estoneTi, litva, latvia) romlebmac, amao lodiniT da aSmorebuli politikuri atmosferoTi
gulSeRonebulebma, javSnosanidan Tavi gadmoyves da sufTa
haers gauRes piri.
es yovelive da sxva aTasi winaaRmdegoba kargs aras
dahmarTebs moyirWebul marTvis sistemas da oden muStis
sawyisebze agebul xuxulas.
magram (daufiqrdiT am `magrams~) saqmes nu gaviiolebT,
erTi xelis dakvriT saSviliSvilo saqme ar keTdeba. Cven sxva
erebTan, erTad xelixelCakidebulebs triumfaluri svla
gvelis nanatri Tavisuflebisken. saqarTvelo am saerTo ferxulSi Wakis win marbeni kvicis dReSi nu aRmoCndeba, kvicisa,
romelsac an mgeli SeWams, an mglisferi tura.
bednieri iyos, saqarTvelov, SenTvis 1990 weli.
am wels erovnuli brZolis saZirkvelSi saimedo duRabi
Cagesxas realur ocnebaTa frTaSesxmis garantiad.
1989
27
axla saqmea mTavari
gaiara saqarTvelos erovnuli moZraobis pirvelma periodma.
am ori wlis manZilze unda Camogveyalibebina Cveni strategia da taqtika. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, unda gagverkvia,
ra gvsurs da ra gziT viaroT dasaxuli miznisken.
CavatareT erovnul sazogadoebaTa da asociaciaTa mRelvare yrilobebi, davamtkiceT programa-wesdebebi, avirCieT
prezidiumebi, prezidentebi da `Tanaprezidentebi~... rac
mTavaria, SevqmeniT oficialur xelisuflebasTan dialogis
atmosfero da mainc saeWvoa, amoivsos is ufskruli, aTeuli
wlebis ganmavlobaSi rom arsebobda xalxsa da mTavrobas Soris.
am urTierTndobis iluziam is TvalsaCino Sedegi gamoiRo,
rom xelTa gvaqvs saerTo ZalisxmeviT damtkicebuli ori dokumenti: qarTuli enis programa da saqarTvelos erovnuli
koncefcia.
miuxedavad am dokumentebis mimarT agresiulad morCili
umravlesobis da centristuli Zalebis uaryofiTi damokidebulebisa, qarTveli eris kanonis Zalas aZlevs, misi arsebobis
SenarCunebis mZlavr garantiad miiCnevs `programas~ da `koncefcias~.
diax, Cven ukve viciT, ra gvWirs da isic Segnebuli gvaqvs,
wyluls rogor vuwamloT.
amitomacaa, rom TandaTanobiT CamoSorda mrevli stiqiur,
anarqiul mitingebs, Zveleburi aRtkinebiT aRar miveSurebiT
ambiciur politikan ymawvilTa usagno aqciebze, gulgrilad
auvlis moqalaqe mahaTma gandis CvenTvis sruliad gamousadegari gziT mavali `mebrZolebis~ Wirveul SimSilobebs, aRarc
saeWvod gamravlebul, umwifara, rTul politikaSi gaurkvevel, da, rac aranakleb dasanania, marTlweris elementaruli
wesebis ucodinari adamianebis mier wamdauwum gamocxobil,
maneTian gazeTebs etaneba farTo mkrTxveli.
mTavrobam am sakiTxSi lamis WkuiT gvajoba; beWdeT da
avrceleT, rac gindaTo, araformaluri presis am `unapiro
Tavisuflebam~ is Sedegi gamoiRo, rom naTlad gamoCnda, er-
28
Tis mxriv, swor erovnul niadagze mdgar disidentTa naTeli
pozicia da meores mxriv, umwifara, gulubryvilo politikanTa eiforuli RavRavi _ `Seni ar gesmodes da sxvisi ar
daijeros~ sarkastuli beWdiT daRdasmuli.
sagzajvaredino ganwyobilebam gauara qarTvels. ukan darCa gzis arCevaze Tavis mtvrevisa da yoymanis periodi. Cven
winaSe konkretuli mizani dgas: saqarTvelo unda ganiwmindos
moZalebuli ucxo Teslisagan da saqarTvelo unda gaTavisufldes. alternativa Tu arsebobs, igi daRupvis mets aras
mogvitans. Cven sxva gza ara gvaqvs.
dadga dro xeldakapiwebuli praqtikuli garjisa, dadga
dro disput-yrilobaTa auditoriebs sityvis `pin-pongs~
aRar Seaberdes Cveni moZraoba da mSvenieri miznis mWvretelis mantia im miznis saqmiT xorcSemsxmelis, eris bedis mWedlis xalaTze gacvalos.
aq ki jerjerobiT verafriT davikvexniT. erovnuli moZraobis praqtikul etapze, nela, `erTmaneTisa mzeriTa~, saeWvo zoziniT gadavdivarT.
zis guSindeli mRelvare memitinge, eris gaRviZebisTvis
saxmo simebs rom iglejda is qarTveli axla, da raki programa
_ wesdeba mSvenieri daimtkica, gulxeldakrefili elodeba,
rodis gauTavisufleben gamsaxurdia_kostava_Wanturia_
wereTeli_Sengelaia saqarTvelos. sxvisi xeliT naris glejis
taqtika amgvar `mebrZols~ mSvenivrad aqvs damuSavebuli, misi
misia `Teoriuli postulatebiT~ amowura, praqtikuli saqme
sxva saqarTvelom unda gaakeTos.
swored is `sxva saqarTvelo~ ar aris. Cvenve unda vuberoT erovnul moZraobis quras mklavis dawyvetamde, Cvenve
unda vuyaroT naxSiri erovnuli winsvlis orTqlmavals, Cven,
TiToeulma qarTvelma, droa SevignoT, rom Cvens saqmes sxva
veravin gaakeTebs.
dgas qarTveli da gulgrilad Sescqeris, am sayovelTao
gangaSis drosac ki, rogor mkvidrdeba ucxo Tesli qarTul
miwaze, rogor gadmoipareba xolme gadamTieli ltolvili
SuaRamisas saqarTvelos jer kidev daucvel sazRvrebze. rogor Slis is qarTul warwerebs mis mier dapyrobil terito-
29
riaze da Tavis anbans pitnasaviT sCris cxvirSi adgilobriv
mosaxleobas, rogor mumliviT epatroneba eris saunjes _ miwas da gaRviZebis sayovelTao gniasSi, aqaoda me araferi meyurebao, Tavis saqmes akeTebs _ bazars epatroneba, ekonomiur
kabalaSi aqcevs anduyafar da ivane didebuliZeebis bedovlaT
STamomavalT.
qarTveli ki imgvari `ubralo~ saqmisTvis xom ar moiclis;
moZalebul yvav-yornebs auqSios, araqarTuli warwera Camoxios
da qarTuli gaakras, nitratiT gaZeZgili mwvanileuliT savse
kalaTa Tavze Camoamxos CarCs da TviT miepatronos Tavis miwas... am saqmisaTvis sxvebi, `Semsruleblebi~ arian mowodebuli,
TviT ki `liderad~ da `winamZRolad~ gaaCina bunebam.
samwuxarod, `beladebi~ bevrni davgrovdiT, Semsruleblebi saeWvod cotani darCnen.
aqac didi ilia momeSveleba: yoveldRiurad misxal-misxal
yvelam vakeToT saqarTvelos xsnis, saqarTvelos gadarCenagaTavisuflebis saqme, batonebo, yvelam niadag pasuxi vagoT
Cveni sindisisa da eris bedis winaSe.
saRamos sasTumalze rom Tavs mideb, Cemo mkiTxvelo,
hkiTxe Sens Tavs: _ ra gavakeTe dRes saqarTvelos gadarCenisTvis?
1988 w.
didi imedis naperwkali
1988 da 1989 wlebi saqarTvelos istoriaSi uaRresad mniSvnelovan TariRebad darCeba.
marTalia, am wels ekonomikis gardaqmnis Cveni uRimRamo
meTodebis gadamkideni didiT verafriT waviwieT win, `sayovelTao siuxve~ jer isev Soreul da saeWvo dapirebad gvrCeba,
magram, samagierod, sulierma cxovrebam zedized gansacvifrebeli gamarjvebebi moipova.
kerZod: dasrulda saqarTvelos erovnuli gamoRviZebis
mtkivneuli procesi.
30
umrwemesi Taobis Tavganwirulma kveTebam Sedegi gamoiRo:
Cveni, beberi, keTili, demokratiuli konstitucia, romlis
zogi muxli fiqtiuri gaxlavT, magram mainc imedis naperwklad bJutavda aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi da, romelsac,
zogTa ugunurebis gamo, swored am demokratiuli iluziebis
droSi safrTxe daemuqra, _ SevinarCuneT. vgulisxmob im
muxls, romelSic ssrk-is Semadgenlobidan respublikis Tavisufali gasvlaa garantirebuli.
marto konstituciis muxlebisaTvis ki ara, pirovnebis da
eris Rirsebis dacvisaTvis, imperiul muxruWebisgan Tavisufali sazogadoebisTvis Cvens SemarTeba-TviTgvemaSi mTelma
msofliom dainaxa rom Tavisflebismoyvare qarTuli suli ar
Camkvdara, igi yovel keTili nebis mqone qarTvelis arsebaSi
feTqavs da gugunebs.
Tvisobrivad axal saqarTveloSi vcxovrobT.
rom egonaT uflebrivad SezRudulma, miwawarTmeulma,
daSinebulma, araerTgzis motyuebulma, gulisamrevi propagandiT SeRonebulma qarTvelma erovnuli brZola gadaiviwyao, swored maSin imedis pawawkintela naperwklis akiafeba
sakmarisi aRmoCnda erT muStad Sekruli uzarmazari laSqari
fexze damdgariyo da damoukidebeli saqarTvelos droSa aefrialebina.
damoukidebeli saqarTvelos lozungi dRes rom ase aSinebs
zogs, sxva arferia Tu ara ekonomiurad, politikurad, kulturulad damoukidebeli, Tavisufali saqarTvelos survili
da ukanaskneli drois movlenebi swored amgvari Tavisufleba _ damoukideblobisken gvixmoben, sagardaqmno moZraobac
amgvar Tavisuflebas unda eltvodes.
cxra aprils saqarTveloSi daRvril sisxlze imedis yayaCoebi gizgizeben.
rac Seexeba qarTul suls, Cvenda gasaxarad, igi mTliani
da gautexeli aRmoCnda. sarwmunoebisTvis SuSanikis Tavganwirvidan, cotne dadianis, mefe dimitri Tavdadebulis da samasi aragvelis gmirobidan SarSan da wels CvenSi datrialebul movlenebamde erTi nabijia.
mweralma yvelaferi unda gaakeTos im dReTa ukvdavyofisaTvis.
31
win didi saqmeebi gvelis.
jer kidev mSvenivradaa organizebuli marTali kacis
daTrgunva-Seviwroebis instituti.
kvlav boginobs arakompetenturoba da uvicoba, romelic
eris ukeTes SvilTa winaaRmdeg Tavis bnel saqmes lamis
dausjelad akeTebs.
xelaxla rom gacocxldes didi Sansi aqvs ilia WavWavaZesac, rom xelmeored esrolon tyvia misma Tvistomebma.
mSiSara myefarTa wkavwkavs ar unda SeuSindes Cveni erovnuli brZolis qaravani.
ara qaoturi mitingebis an naCqarevi, gauanalizebeli
aqciebis, aramed didi ilias mier dasaxuli gziT gonivrulad
da dinjad unda vataroT saqarTvelo.
erovnul moZraobaSi yvelas Tavisi funqcia aqvs.
vin marTalia da vin ara, qveyana mSvenivrad xedavs.
am etapze upirveles saqmed erovnuli konsolidacia, saqarTvelos demografiuli mowesrigeba da qarTuli enis programis ganuxreli Sesruleba mesaxeba.
meore etapi _ saqarTvelos sanukvari ocnebis xorcSesxma
_ am pirvel etaps unda mohyves da, mgoni, arc isaa Soreuli
ocneba.
erma unda gaarkvios vis usminos da vis gahyves. samwuxarod, jer kidev `gvmoZRvraven~ skoprimetirebuli, SemTxveviTi, wminda laSqars adevnebuli moqalaqeni.
jer kidev moiTxoven maRali tribunidan mavanTa `mospobas~ da `dapatimrebiT Wkuis swavlebas~ medroveni.
ar gamouvaT, istoriis borbali ukuRma aRar datrialdeba.
Cven isedac didxans vdumdiT da qarTvelTa gulubryvilo
sikeTiT Cvens istoriaSi Semoxetebulma araerTma dagvianebulma stumarma borotad isargebla.
ise exveva axla Cvens erovnul sxeuls samSoblodakarguli
araerTi tomi, rogorc mumli muxas. kavkasionis cis tramalebs gamoqceuli, ukulturo da uwarsulo, Tbil keras da
saZovrebs monatruli SevifareT, SeviwynareT, Cvens ubeSi
gamovzardeT da axla sikeTes imiT gvixdis, rom `didmpyrobels~ gveZaxis da mama-papuri adgilebidan gverekeba.
sxvebs ki demografiuli, mSvidobiani dapyrobis avbneli
gegma dausaxavT da am sxvis budeSi gamravlebis usaSvelo tem-
paRebulebs surT, raRac xuTi aTeuli wlis Semdeg savalalo
faqtis winaSe dagvayenon. me axla imis fiqrisac meSinia, rom
Cveni gamravlebis axlandeli tempis gadamkide qarTvelebi male
saqarTveloSi erovnul umciresobaTa Soris aRmovCndebiT.
istoriis veSapi gviaxlovdeba. CasaZiravad ganwirul
xomalds rom ar davemsgavsoT, axla erTmaneTis damSvideba
da miteveba-moferebisken mowodeba ki ara, praqtikuli moqmedebaa saWiro sarevelisgan erovnuli niadagis gasawmendad.
32
3. r. miSvelaZe. tomi XVIII
1989 w.
esaa qveynis patronoba da samarTali?!
ukanaskneli drois saqarTvelos viTarebas gonebis TvaliT
Tu gadavxedavT, erTi ram gansakuTrebiT gvecema TvalSi:
gacilebiT metia eris satkivarze maRalfardovani RaRadisi,
praqtikuli saqme ki cotaze metia.
demontsraciebs da mikrofonebs daxarbebuli bevri Teoretikosi davgrovdiT, Cveni erovnuli arseboba ki lamis ufskrulisken mieqaneba.
axla moqmedebis, Sedegini garjis droa.
auxsneli sifrTxiliT Cven isedac bevri dro davkargeT.
Cvenma mezobelma erebma Tavi gadairCines, Cven ki pirdaRebuli Semogvyurebs istoriis veSapi, mSvidobianad, usisxlod
gvipyroben da riyeze amoyrili TevzebiviT suls vRafavT.
Cveni aTaswlovani sikeTe CrdioleT kavkasiidan Cvens
ubeSi droebiT Sefarebul adiRevel tomTagan (afSilebi da
afsuebi), romlebic oriode saukunis winaT Tavazianad davasaxleT saqarTvelos miwaze, umadurobad da lanZRvad dagvibrunda. droa davarqvaT sagans Tavisi saxeli, stumrad
mosulma tomebma uZvelesi qarTuli tomis _ afxazis saxeli
dairqves da Cveni gulubryvilo sikeTiT waTamamebulebma, TavianTi adiReuri enac ki moaxvies qarTvel afxazs Tavze, im
afxazs, romelsac aTaswleulTa ganmavlobaSi Tavisi mSobliuri qarTulis garda sxva enaze krintic ar dauZravs.
33
Cvens erovnul sxeulze xavsad modebuli gadamTieli Cvens
miwas gvedaveba.
Cveni patroni aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi aravin aRmoCnda. yvelam Tavisi karieruli miznebi Seisrula daCoqebisken Cveni mowodebiT, mere gadagvabija, an dasasjelad jari
mogvisia da Tavis gzas ewia.
rogorc Cans, Cvens Tavs Cvenve unda vuSveloT da aravis
vaTqmevinoT, rom am miwis patronad aRar vvargivarT.
diax, axla energiuli, gadamwyveti moqmedebis droa.
Cven Teoriebis daxvaveba da Tavis maRla SemarTva istoriuli paralelebis mosaSveleblad mSvenivrad gvexerxeba,
magram ager, Tundac yurisZirSi, sakuTari moZmis patronobaqomagoba raRac ar gamogvdis.
am oriode dRis winaT mweralTa jgufi marneuls gavemarTeT literaturuli saRamos Casatareblad. sofel Tamariss
vestumreT.
am glovis dReebSi ra gveliteraturulsaRamoeboda, magram miviCnieT, rom swored axla iyo saWiro Cvens xalxTan
Sexvedra da saerTo satkivarze gulaxdili saubari.
rasakvirvelia, Tavidnve CamovagdeT sityva cxra aaprilis
tragediaze, gavaanalizeT misi mizezebi, SevexeT Tanamedrove
saqarTvelos demografiul-socialur da erovnul-politikur
viTarebas da, ra Tqma unda, sofels gamravlebisken movuwodeT.
wamodga sasoflo sabWos Tavmjdomare g. darbaiZe da
gamogvicxada, rogor unda gavmravldeT, roca ukanakneli
oci wlis manZilze sofelSi arc erTi metri sakarmidamo miwis nakveTi ar gacemulao.
es rom gavigoneT, gadavwyviteT Cveni lamazpatriotuli
saubari Segvewyvita da soflisTvis migveca sityva, Tavisuflad elaparakaT TavianT gasaWirze.
ena ver aRwers, rac iq movismineT.
es iyo WeSmaritad soflis yriloba.
_ erT binaSi oTxi ojaxi vcxovrobT, sami Zma, samive
dacolSvilebulia. me erTaderTi Zmis meuRle var, sami Svilis deda. miwas ar gvaZleven, iZulebuli varT avibargoT da
sofels gavecaloT _ cremlmoreviT Tqva raisabWos deputatma, Tamariselma kolmeurnem vera dvalma.
savalalo faqtebi CamoTvales:
qarTvelebs erT mtkavel samosaxlos ar gvaZleven, maSin
34
rodesac irgvliv azerbaijanul soflebSi sokoebiviT mravldeba azerbaijanelTa axal-axali, nebarTviani Tu unebarTvo saxlebio. sxvaTaTvis miwis dakanonebas mSvenivrad axerxebs raionuli
centri, Cven ki Cvensave miwaze uiRblo geris dReSi varTo.
gagvagebineT ra privilegiiT sargebloben, ra dimsaxures
aseTi Cvenma azerbaijanelma megobrebmao.
ToTxmeti welia universitetma am sofelSi gamomanawilao,
Tqva Tamarisis skolis direqtorma guram qadariam. ToTxmeti
welia meurneobis saerTo binebSi vcxovrob, vis ar mivwere,
magram samosaxlo ar gamomiyves rom Cemi bostani mqondes da
Toxi davartya Cems miwaso. sakarmidamos vinRa Civis, skolis
damxmare meurneobisTvis viTxove nakveTi da axlaxan imazec
uari miTxreso.
daRamdeba Tu ara, Cveni sofeli wyvdiadSi CaZirul zRvas
waagavs. irgvliv, azerbaijanul soflebSi, eleqtroni kaSkaSebs Cven ki, lamis, yovel saRamos Segnebulad gviTiSaven
sinaTleso.
Tbilisidan sul raRac ocdaaTiode kilometria Tamarisamde da rogorc ki magistralidan gadauxvevT, iseT saSinel
gzas daadgebiT, gul-muceli xeliT rom unda geWiroT. amaSi
Tavad davrwmundiT. sagzao fondi ZiriTadad azerbaijanul
sofelTa gzebs xmardeba, sawyali Tamarisi viRas axsovs.
miuxedavad araerTgzisi Txovnisa, sofelSi jiutad ar xsnian wignebis maRazias, Tamariselebi qarTuli wignebiT rom
ar ganaTldnen.
sofels TiTqmis gverdiT Caudis gazgayvaniloba, magram
`zemdgomi organoebi~ Tamariss gazs ar aZleven. ar gekuTvniTo (?!)
ugzoobas utransportobac daerTo, ver iqna da ver miaRwies transportis saqmis mogvarebas Tamariselebma, azerbaijanul soflebSi gamvlel avtobusTa mZRolebs `rcxveniaT~
TamarisSi wriul marSrutze Semovla.
soflis kulturis saxls erTi qoreografi hyavda da axlaxan isic Statebis SemcirebaSi moayoles raionis xelmZRvanelebma.
es xdeba marneulis raionSi, sadac mosaxleobis 95% azerbaijanelia. mxolod xuTi patara qarTuli sofeliRa bJutavs
mTels raionSi _ Tamarisi, wereTeli, orjonikiZe, sioni da
weraqvi. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom xuTive am dReSia.
35
qarTuli enis gavrcoba-saxelmwifoebriobaze aq laparaki
sasacilod JRers. arsadaa qarTuli warwerebi azerbaijanul
soflebSi. raionSi qarTul saqmiswarmoebaze xom fiqric ar
SeiZleba, yvelaferi iwereba rusulad, an azerbaijanulad.
gaxvalT Tbilisidan, sul raRac ocdaaT kilometrze, mar­
neulis raionSi da gegonebaT sxva, araqarTul saxelmwifoSi
moxvdiT.
esaa qveynis patronoba da samarTali?
vamTavrebT am werils da TandaTan SeSfoTeba gvipyrobs.
CvenTan xom umetes SemTxvevaSi qaRaldis lomis politikaa. dawerili dawerilad rCeba. xom ar vuwevT azerbaijanuli
xelmZRvanelobis xelSi moqceul Tamariselebs daTvur samsaxurs? gamova gazeTi, davbrundebiT Cven TbilisSi da vaiTu,
simarTlis mTqmeli soflelebi moZme tomTa warmomadgenlebma uaresad Seaviwrovon.
Tu saqarTvelo varT, es ar unda moxdes!
qarTvel mweralTa jgufs Tavis sazogadoebriv kontrolze ahyavs es sakiTxi.
vTxovT agromrewvis Tavmjdomares b-n guram mgelaZes
dauyovnebliv moawesrigos TamariselTa Tavisi kanonieri miwis nakveTebiT uzrunvelyofis sakiTxi.
vTxovT saqarTvelos televizias gadaiRos da qveyanas
aCvenos TamariselTa soflis yriloba, romelmac Tavisi mware
simarTliT ase SegvZra da SegvaZrwuna.
dayovneba, mifuCeCeba, miyrueba da saqmis saxvaliod gadadeba Ralats udris!
1989 w.
dro dadga
dadga dro yvela qarTuli fronti da yvela partia erT
komitetad _ saqarTvelos xsnis komitetad gaerTiandes da
erTi droSis qveS _ Tavisufali saqarTvelos samferovani
droSis qveS dadges.
ori mizani aqvs Cvens erovnul moZraobas _ saqarTvelos
demografiuli mowesrigeba (ufro zustad rom vTqvaT, miR-
36
weva im mdgomareobis, rom Cvens qveyanaSi Cven, qarTvelebi
90 procents mainc SevadgendeT) da meore Tavisufali, damoukidebeli saqarTvelos Seqmna (ufro zustad rom vTqvaT,
1918 wlis 26 maisis qartiis uflebebSi qveynis dabruneba).
Cemi fiqriT orive am miznis misaRwevad saWiroa, arc erTi,
dRiTa da saaTiT ar SevaneloT kargad dawyebuli erovnuli
laSqroba, magram Cven winaSe mainc unda davsaxoT pirveli
rigis da meore rigis amocanebi.
saqarTvelos demografiuli gadarCenis saqme Cveni pirveli rigis amocanaa. uaxloes sam weliwadSi unda davadgaT Tavi
am saqmes. saqarTvelos miwa-wyali saqarTvelos kuTvnilebad
unda gamovacxadoT, davibrunoT mezobelTagan ukanonod mitacebuli Cveni miwebi da mSvidobianad gavaciloT ucxo tomis
warmomadgenelTa Warbi mosaxleoba Tavis mSvenier qveynebSi.
roca saqarTvelo demografiulad wels moimagrebs da
Cven winaSe gaqrobis saSineli urCxuli aRar aRimarTeba, unda
gadavideT meore miznis xorcSesxmaze: sxva erebTan erTad,
SeTanxmebuli brZoliT unda mivaRwioT damoukidebeli, Tavisufali, avtonomiuri saxelmwifoebisagan Semdgari federaciul principze agebuli saxelmwifos Seqmnas pirvel etapze,
rac momavalSi absoluturi damoukideblobis da neitraluri
respublikis arsebobis garantia iqneba.
am mimarTulebiT unda vataroT eri, aq aCqareba, damkvreluri meTodi da aRtkinebul-samitingo yvirili ZlierTa ama
qveynisaTa gaRizianebis mets arafers mogvitans.
Wkuas da sibrZnes unda movuxmoT. moTminebas da zedmet
sifrTxiles ki ara, qedis moxras da SiSgareul eWvs ki ara,
WkuiT da sibrZniT dReniadag unda vibrZoloT im arsenaliT, ra arsenalic erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobaTa
msoflio istorias gaaCnia.
1988 w.
vin amRvrevs wyals?
axla Tamamad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom axali adamianis e.w. `komunizmis moqalaqis~ aRzrdis Cveneulma Teoriam kraxi ganicada.
codva gamxelili sjobs (visRa davumaloT) odnavadac ver
37
davuaxlovdiT im ideals, ase lamazad rom vxatavdiT Cvens
programebsa da `grandiozul mizandasaxulobebSi~.
ratom moxda ase? sad gagvebna Tavisufali qveynis Tavisufali moqalaqe? komunizmis kodeqsis (qristes mcnebebs rom
ar Camouvardeba) principebze aRzrdil kacis SegnebaSi ratom
gamovlinda ase uxvad is mankierebani romelTa Sesaxebac Teoretikosebi gahyvirodnen kapitalizmis gadmonaSTia, ha da ha
socializmis meore safexuramdec ar gagyvebao?
imitom moxda, rom am samocdaaaTi wlis ganmavlobaSi sityva da saqme arnaxulad dacilda erTmaneTs. sityvebSi sayovelTao harmoniis kantata JRerda, saqmiT ki erTmaneTis
daSinebis, dasmenis, korufciis, motyuebis, rwmenis daTrgunvis reqviemi ismoda.
Cvens sazogadoebaSi gamonakliss swored rom patiosani
kaci warmoadgens. gaixseneT, ra sacodavi iyo igi am bolo
dromde: Tavisi gulubryvilobiT, sialaliT, imedgacruebuli, gacurebuli, `ZlierTa ama qveynisaTa~ ironiuli mzeris
obieqti.
bolo dromde? gana bevr SemTxvevaSi axlac ase ar aris?
Tqven marTali xarT, imedis sxivi gamokrTa bnelSi, imedis naperwklis is saeWvo bJutva kalams rom aqamde xelidan
ar magdebinebs da survils ara hklavs Cems daclil sxeulSi, survils imisas, rom saerTo krebulSi Cavdge da rogorc
SemiZlia, ise Sevewio gaSlil saxalxo moZraobas.
axali adamiani haeriviT gvWirdeba. igi gamoCnda kidec
am bolo dros Cvens sazogadoebaSi aqa-iq. magram Cven, `Zveli stilis~ mesveurebma ra SevagebeT? sifrTxilis unapiro
okeane, akrZalvebis feierverki, Tavisufali azris daxvewili,
sxvadasxva forma-zomis alikapebi.
axali, nanatri adamiani is iqneba, visac ar SeeSindeba
SuaRamisas karze dakakunebis.
vinc usaSvelod ar gaajanjlebs da gaaWianurebs saukuno
mkvlelobis organizatorTa mxilebas, maSin, roca faqti saxezea da vardua mkiTxavTan misvla saWiro sruliadac ar aris.
visac siyviTle ar gadahkravs saxeze momitinge axalgazrdebis danaxvisas da erovnuli satkivaris gamo gamarTuli
demonstracia kuWs ar auSlis.
38
vinc ar gaamwvavebs kompromisul CurCuls Tavs daanebebs, mimtacebel ucxo Tesls gabedulad, kategoriulad ganucxadebs: aibarge da mibrZandi aqedano.
vinc yoymans da diskusias ki ar gamarTavs, romel enaze aRzardos Tavisi pirmSo, aramed mSobliur skolaSi miabarebs da
samSoblos TavisuflebisaTvis brZolas anderZad daugdebs.
axalma azrovnebam cxovrebaSi rom TiTqmis ukve damkvidrda, daamsxvria mmarTvelobis biurokratiuli formebi, medaviTnuri fsiqologia da daSinebis politika, rasac ase erTgulebda aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi socialisturi sistema,
warsuls bardeba.
eris nebisadmi angariSis gauwevlobam, ambiciurobis `me var
da Cemi nabadis~ ganwyobilebiT muSaobam, samagieros gadaxdisa da sxvisTvis Wkuis swavlebis (roca didi Wkua-ganaTlebiT
maincdamainc Sen TviTon ar brwyinav) politikam Zveli yaidis
Cinovnikebi cxra aprilamde moiyvana. dganan isini _ saukunis
damnaSaveni axla sxvadasxva komisiis winaSe da dazafrulni,
xan erTmaneTs `ololos~ eubnebian, xan gulmaviwyobas iCenen
da ucodveli batknis am viwro da naz kanSi Zvrebian, maTs
codvil mxrebs rom ara da aRar moergeba.
xelisuflebis alRoianma warmomadgenelma dRes kargad
unda icodes, rom erovnuli moZraobis sawinaaRmdego dinebiT
svla utyuarad miiyvans xalxis ndobis dakargvamde da politikur gakotrebamde. ar davmalav, imediT mavsebs am bolo
dros gatarebuli ramdenime RonisZieba (26 maisis sazeimo
TariRad aRiareba, politpatimarTa ganTavisufleba, uZvelesi qarTuli dasaxlebebisTvis saxelebis dabruneba, skomprometirebul yofil `beladTa~ Zeglebis `movla~ da mTawmindidan maTi Camosvenebis gadawyvetileba, mosaxleobis erTi
nawilis qarTuli demografiisTvis sasikeTod gadaadgileba,
miwis datacebis winaaRmdeg energiuli brZolis gaCaReba...)
raSic eris gulisTqmisadmi miyuradebis, qveynis gadarCenis
gulwrfeli survili SevniSne. rasakvirvelia, es jerjerobiT
zRvaSi wveTia, magram waRma Semobrunebis mcire niSani xom
mainc aris. es werili sxva mizezma damawerina.
CemTan, redaqciaSi, amas winaT movida gogona, romelmac
SemomCivla _ cxra aprilis demonstraciaSi monawileobisTvis
samsaxuridan gamanTavisufleso.
39
erTi dawesebulebis direqtorma gamimxila; sayveduri gamomicxades da moxsniT memuqrebian, rakiRa Cemi TanamSromlebiT demonstrantebs solidaroba gamovucxadeo.
erTi studentis mSobelma damireka, winadadeba momces,
gancxadeba davwero da samsaxuridan wavide, radganac Cemi
Svili araformaluri gaerTianebis wevriao.
raSia saqme?
maSin, rodesac saqarTvelos damoukideblobisTvis mebrZol laSqris liderebs cixis karebs uReben da xelisufleba
dialogis swor politikas adgas, vin cdilobs xelis moTbobas da mRvrie wyalSi Tevzis daWeras?
maSin, rodesac ase gvWirdeba erTsulovneba da erT muStad Sekvra, vin bedavs usamarTlobis winaaRmdeg aRmdgar molaSqreTa, an maTs TanamgrZnobTa Seviwroebas?
xmamaRla unda vuTxra zogi uwyebis Tavkacs Tu funqcioners, rom misi `profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebi~ zizRisa da
ganxeTqilebis mets aras gamoiwvevs nacem-mowamlul, daCexildamcirebul, magram TavisuflebisTvis brZolis wyurviliT
erTxel da samudamod anTebul, aqoCril xalxSi.
1989 w.
yurs nu vaTxovebT demagogs
am striqonebs rusTavis gazeTisTvis vwer da rakiRa metalurgTa qalaqi Cveni industriis erTaderTi centria, rusTavis
tribunidan saqarTvelos muSaTa klass mivmarTav.
muSaTa klasma simarTle unda icodes, ra moxda cxra
aprils da ra xdeba dRes saqarTveloSi.
informaciis sakavSiro (da zogic adgilobrivi) saSualebebidan mas tragediis mizezTa mizezSi gageba gauWirdeba. ise
vatyob, arc sxvebi zrunaven imisTvis, rom qarTvel muSaTa
nacadma armiam sworad warmoidginos saboloo mizani da Tavisi roli gaCaRebul saxalxo moZraobaSi.
mogexseneba, sazogadobrivi azris ganviTarebas inteli-
40
gencia warmarTavs. eris momavlisaTvis brZolis Teoriasa
da taqtikasac upirvelesad inteligencia qmnis, roca mTavrobas moaxloebuli erovnuli reformebis eSinia, erT-erT
RonisZiebad inteligenciis da muSaTa klasis gaTiSvas mimarTavs. amis cdebi, samwuxarod, TqvenTanac SeiniSneba. es saxalxo moZrobisTvis xelis SeSlis nacadi xerxia da mxolod
gulubryviloni SeiZleba wamoegon Zveli reJimis damcvelTa
mier gadmogdebul am ankesze.
dRes muSaTa klasi is aRar aris, rac saukunis gariJraJze
iyo.
me mgoni, arc maSin iyo didad marTali marqsisa da engelsis debuleba `proletars samSoblo ara aqvso~, axla xom ar
aris da ara.
Tanamedrove muSa aRarc proletaria da diaRac rom Tavisi samSoblos moqalaqe gaxlavT.
Tanamedrove muSa marto `sawarmoo Zala~ ki ar aris, epoqis urTules problemebSi garkveuli, mravalmxriv ganaTlebuli kaci da patriotia.
swored amitom erovnuli brZola muSis Tanadgomis gareSe
warmoudgenelia.
ra erovnul brZolazea laparaki? risTvis Seikriba am bolo
Tveebis manZilze araerTxel aTasobiT qarTveli Tbilissa da
sxva qalaqebSi da ratom daiRvara umanko sisxli?
amis gagebas mxolod is SeZlebs, visac adamianis mTavar
funqciad mxolod xelfasidan xelfasamde cxovreba, colSvilis gamokveba, sawarmoSi muxlCauxreli Sroma da gawvalebuli sicocxlis sapensio asakamde mitana ar miaCnia. vinc Tavs
eris Svilad Tvlis da misTvis sruliadac ar aris sulerTi,
ocdameerTe saukuneSi mSobliur miwaze qarTveli icxovrebs
Tu gadamTieli.
am striqonebs ar vwer mxolod qarTveli kacisTvis, igi exeba yvelas, visac saqarTveloze Sestkiva guli, visac rusTvelis qveynisgan sxvadasxva dros dedobrivi siTbo ugrZvnia, mis
ubeSi Tavi Seufarebia da qarTuli pur-marilis madli icis.
uWirs saqarTvelos.
rac ukanasknel aTwleulebSi Cven dagvemarTa, upirvelesi
qarTveli internacionalisti daviT aRmaSeneblic ver iwinaswarmetyvelebda.
41
Cveni unapiro maspinZluri xelgaSlilobis wyalobiT saqarTveloSi usaSvelod gamravlda stumari eri da Cven male
erovnul umciresobaTa Soris aRmovCndebiT. Tu qmediT
zomebs ar mivmarTeT, ormocdaaTi wlis Semdeg qarTvelebi
saqarTveloSi viqnebiT 36%, xolo asi wlis Semdeg 17%.
es ki saqarTvelos gaqrobas niSnavs.
Tu erT muStad ar SevikariT, Cveni erovnuli katastrofa
gardauvalia.
danamusebiT da gazeTSi gaweriT ver Searcxven mas, vinc
qarTuli miwebi ukanonod daikava.
unda Seiqmnas mkacri sazogadoebrivi azri imisTvis, rom
wasvladagvianebuli stumari, Tu igi dampyrobluri, avbediTi
gegmiT ar moqmedebs, mSvidobianad daubrundes Tavis arcTu
Soreul samSoblos.
amas patriotuli Wirveuloba rodi malaparkebs, saqarTvelos arsebobis SenarCunebisTvis es gaxlavT erTaderTi da
upirvelesi RonisZieba.
saxelmwifos arsebobis upirvelesi principi (surdaT Tu
ara amis gageba marqsizmis klasikosebs) erovnuli principia.
me erTa Soris megobrobis Tavgadakluli momxre var, magram,
roca Tavis miwaze eri kvdeba da mis adgils stumari ikavebs,
aseT internacionalizms ver daveTanxmebi.
mimoixedeT irgvliv. vin cxovrobs Tqven gverdiT, vin
garsSemoewyo Tavisi quCabandebiT da qoxmaxebiT Tbiliss da
rusTavs. vin Seadgens mosaxleobis did umravlesobas marneulSi, bolnisSi, dmanisSi, axalqalaqSi, axalcixeSi, walkaSi,
bogdanovkasa da sxva raionebSi.
maincdamainc sumgaiTi unda datrialdes, rom stumarma
bolos da bolos Tavis keras miaSuros?
gana patriotuli saqme ar iqneboda, Cvens ZirZvel mezoblebs _ somxebs SeevsoT miwisZvrisagan iavarqmnili sanaxebi
da Tavisi eri gaeZliereb-gaemravlebinaT? gana patriotuli saqme ar iqneboda, moZme azerbaijanelebi saqarTvelos
raionebis nacvlad upirvelesad Tavis miwaze gamravlebuliyvnen? maSin xom aRar dadgeboda maT winaSe teritoriebis
warTmevis problema? rogor davijero, orive ers Tavis samSobloze metad uyvars saqarTvelo?
42
RmerTma nu mafiqrebinos, rom aq maT jiut darCena-gamravlebaSi mSvidobiani demografiuli aneqsiis kruli mizani
imaleba.
erTi ram ki faqtia. cxra aprils Cvens gamosaqomageblad
Cven mierve galaRebuli arc erTi sxva eris warmomadgeneli
(Tu samsaxurebrivad ar evaleboda) ar dadga rusTavelis
prospeqtze. mxolod qarTvelebs mogvxvda kiserSi banditis
mier moqneuli niCabi.
arc mere, momdevno dReebSi autexavs ucxo eris Svils
gangaSi, es ra Caidina damsjelma esqspediciamo.
iqneb bunebrivic iyos. Seni tkivili im kacs ar ainteresebs, igi areulobis dros fanjaras Seiketavs da televizors
miujdeba, e, mand sxvebisken nasroli qva me ar momxvdeso.
qvis srolas ki arc im RamiT da arc sxva RameebSi qarTvelTagan aravin apirebda da axlac aravin apirebs.
Cven moviTxovT saqarTvelos SenarCunebis garantias.
qmediTi daxmarebis nacvlad xelisufalTagan jerjerobiT mxolod lamazi sityvebi da ausrulebeli dapirebebi
gvesmis.
ase iyo ocdaaTi wlis winaTac, asea axlac.
ara da dro katastrofuli siswrafiT Cvenda sazianod
muSaobs.
me mSvidobiani gardaqmnebis momxre var da yovelTvis
mimaCnda, rom qveynis problemebi gauTavebeli SimSilobiT
da qaoturi mitingebiT ar gadawydeboda, magram TandaTanobiT eWviT vucqeri am pozicias. vrwmundebi, rom marTalni
arian is `araformalebi~, romlebic amtkiceben saqarTvelos
erovnuli problemebis mogvareba mxolod saqarTvelos damoukideblobis miRwevis Sedegad SeiZlebao.
sityva `damoukidebloba~ nu SeaSinebT Cinovnikebs. Cven
ruseTTan megobrobas da keTilganwyobas SevinarCunebT,
oRond saqarTvelos unda mieces nanatri kulturuli, ekonomiuri da politikuri damoukidebloba.
muSisa da inteligentis SekavSirebasa da azrTa erTobaze laparaki uxerxuladac mimaCnia. gana Cven saqarTvelos
gadarCenisTvis brZolis mizani gansacvifreblad ar gvaerTianebs da gvamWidrovebs?
43
maS, vin bedavs wylis amRvrevas, vin dgeba Cven Soris Tavisi karieristuli meTodebiT?
yurs nu vaTxovebT demagogs, axla Cveni eris sasicocxlo
interesebis brZolisTvis muxlCaxrilad, xelebdakapiwebulad garjis droa!
1989 w.
Tavs nu movityuebT
axla lamazi sityvebisa da grZeli dasabuTebebis dro
ar aris, amitomac vTxov Cems mkiTxvels, es patara werili
aRiqvas, rogorc werili-gafrTxrleba, Tu gnebavT, erTi qarTveli mwerlis mier Tavisive samreklodan sagangaSo zaris
darisxeba.
qvemo qarTlSi Zlivs mfeTqavi erovnuli nervis sasikeTod Setokebas, mxolod da mxolod sakuTari demografiulsasicocxlo gadarCenisken mimarTul odnavSesamCnev nabijebs,
stumarTa mxridan Sedegad mohyva `sapasuxo reaqcia~.
marneulisken gza TiTqmis daketilia, haerSi denTis suni
trialebs, mdgomareoba uaRresad daZabulia.
Sinagani saministros jarebiTa da miliciis operatiuli
RonisZiebebiT ganmtkicebuli xalxTa megobroba, avtomatebiani samxedro mosamsaxureebiT miRweuli sazogadoebrivi wesrigi saimedo ar aris.
ramden xans unda idgnen qvemo qarTlis uZveles qarTul
miwaze miliciis SenaerTebi, rom ilajgawyvetilma, Tavmobezrebulma stumar-maspinZelma, rogorc ki Tvals moarideben,
erTmaneTi ar daWamon?
Cven urmis gadabrunebis Semdeg gzis danaxvis didostatebi
varT, movlenaTa winaswar ganWvretas ki vera da ver miveCvieT.
saqme rom gafuWdeba, maSin daviwyebT xolme sinanulis TiTze
kbenas da `sasikeTo aravin mirCias~ motiviT savse Cvenebebis
micemas sokosaviT momravlebuli komisiebisaTvis.
oficialur pirTa erTi nawili ukanaskneli kvirebis manZilze, cnobili mizezebis gamo, isea dakavebuli, rom sakiTxis
uSualod gadamwyvet, kompetentur pirebTan SeRweva Wirs, ara
44
da dro ar iTmens, avi winaTgrZnoba guls miwvrilebs, amitomac mivmarTav gazeTs vinZlo misma saswaulebrivma ganfenilobam yvelas gaagonos Cemi RaRadisi.
Cven gviyvars wylulebis mifuCeCeba, Cven gviyvars RrmasafuZvliani erovnuli brZolebis axsna `klubnikasTan~ dakavSirebuli incidentiTa, Tu taqsis mZRolTan SekamaTebis gamo
darxeuli `gaugebrobebiT~.
saqme ufro rTuladaa, vidre zogs hgonia.
taqsis SoferTan Setakebis, an mwvanileulis bazris vergayofis Sedegia es auracxeli TviTnakeTi iaraRi, benziniT
savse naRm-boTlebi, saguldagulod gaqlibul-gapoxili Subebi da xanjlebi?
vis vatyubT, an Tavs ratom vityuebT?
mixeil gorbaCovma satelevizio gamosvlisas Tqva: `sasikeTo cvlilebis imedi mxolod im SemTxvevaSi SegviZlia viqonioT, Tuki yoveli eri, yoveli xalxi Tavs igrZnobs, me vityodi, guldajerebulad sakuTar saxlSi, Tavis miwa-wyalze~.
vgrZnobT Tavs Cven, qarTvelebi, guldajerebulad, sakuTar
saxlSi marneulis, bolnisis, dmanisis, gardabnis raionebSi?
mSvidad sZinavT am adgilebSi Cveni uyairaTobisa da
stumarTa mier energiuli Seviwroebis gamo ZlivsmbJutav qarTul soflebs?
stumari eris mier maspinZeli eris sikeTis dafasebis kaSkaSa gamoxatuleba xom ar iyo isic, rom amas winaT marneulSi
mitingze oTxi ZvelqarTuli raionis _ borCalos avtonomiur olqad `gardaqmna~, kuTxis qarTulad moqcevis Cveni
ukanaskneli imedis _ svanebis dauyovneblivi gasaxleba da
ukanonod mitacebulTa miwebze kontrolis dauyovneblivi
Sewyveta moiTxoves?
`ra moxda, guSin mSvenivrad, Zmurad vcxovrobdiT, dRes
ra bzikma gvikbinao~, xelebs asavsaveben zogni da konfliqtis
mizezebs nervebaSlili xalxis SemTxveviT Sexla-SemoxlaSi
eZeben.
netav TviTon rogor Seeguebodnen Cveni stumrebi maTs
Tavze saocari sicxadiT, damokles maxviliviT rom ekidos
realuri gaqrobis safrTxe? miTaJamidan am miwis patroni,
oTx uZveles raionSi erTad procentulad Svid-rva pro-
45
cents ar aRematebodes da fiTriviT modebuli, mumlad daxveuli stumari karebisken TiTiT uCvenebdes, gaswi, gamecale
aqedanao?
sabWoTa xelisuflebas am bolo erTi wlis manZilze
erovnuli xanZrebis Caqrobis sakmao gamocdileba daugrovda.
sisxli rom daiRvara sumgaiTSi, mereRa gamofxizldnen
da aseul aTasobiT `stumari~ TavTavianT samSoblo-qveyanas
daubrunes, sisxli rom daiRvara ferganaSi da udanaSaulo
qal-rZals Tavebi dasWres, mere ifiqres adamianTa eSelonebis
garideba sisxlis kalosTvis.
saqarTveloSic sisxlisRvras velodebiT? nuTu es Setakebani, SinnakeTi bombebiT es TareSi, erTeuli daWra-mkvlelobani ar aris damajerebeli simptomi da sabuTi imisaTvis,
rom qmediT RonisZiebebs mivmarToT?
xatze davificeb, rom xalxTa megobrobis Tavgadakluli
momxre var (visac eWvi Seepareba Cems wignebSi Caixedos), xatze
davificeb, rom am striqonebsac konfliqtis usisxlod mogvarebis ganzraxva mawerinebs.
davaneboT Tavi erTmaneTis amao daimedebas, davaneboT
Tavi centrisken `mdgomareoba normalurias~ ganwyobilebiT
gagzavnil depeSebs, viyoT daviT aRmaSeneblis da Tamar mefis
anderZis erTgulni.
nu davuRupavT Cvens Svilebs, Cveni warsulis xemZRvanelTa bedovlaToba-danaSauliT am isedac xelSi Semomdnar saqarTvelos.
iqneb isulguloT Cemi rCevac.
qvemo qarTlis konfliqtis mogvarebis erTaderT gzad mesaxeba, erovnuli SuRlis gamRvivebeli, usafZvlo avtonomiisken brbos wamqezebeli, ararsebul mterTa winaaRmdeg brZolisTvis Tof-iaraRis mommaragebel-gamomCarxveli, sxvisi
miwis ukanonod mimtacebeli moqalaqeni dauyovnebliv gasaxlebul iqnen Cveni istoriuli miwidan Tavis istoriul miwaze _ azerbaijanis respublikaSi.
vimeoreb, es profilaqtikuri RonisZieba TviT Cvenive
azerbaijaneli Zmebis usafrTxoebis mizniT usisxlod Catarebuli aqcia unda iyos. amis gamocdileba TviT somxeTsa da
azerbaijans ukve aqvs, maTs am ramdnime Tvis winandel gabedul
46
nabijs SeiZleba `mSvidi politikosis~ nawerSi Zaladobis saxe
mieca, magram gava saukuneebi da igi istorikosTa mier am saxewamSleli urbanizmis epoqaSi eris gadarCenis yvelaze optimalur RonisZiebad iqneba gamocxadebuli.
1989 w.
ra gadaarCens saqarTvelos?
am werilis saTauri gazviadebulad aravis moeCvenos.
sakiTxi namdvilad ase dgas, saqarTvelo gaqrobis realuri safrTxis winaSea.
gaRviZebuli saqarTvelo, madloba RmerTs, dRes am
safrTxes xedavs.
kinaRam sabolood davagvianeT.
Cveni saamocdaaTwlovani saRaTas ZiliT, lamis, davkargeT
yvela erovnuli pozicia Cvenma winaprebma ase sasoebiT, rom
gvianderZes. diax, upirvelesi azri gmiri winaprebis anderZisa is iyo, rom saqarTvelos miwa-wyali gadamTielTa sajijgnad ar dagvegdo. ersa ucxosa ar aRvreuliyaviT.
ra satana daeufla aseTi Cvens gonebas, rom saukuneTa wiaR
mtkavel-mtkavel dacul-mopovebuli, sisxliT morwyuli miwa
ganukiTxavad dagveTmo yvelasTvis _ usamSoblo devriSi iqmneboda is, Tu kavkasionis kalTebidan daSvebuli, uwarsulo
da ukulturo tomi.
minda erTxel kidev movagono mkiTxvels specialistTa
mier uzustesad gamoangariSebuli CvenTvis savalalo faqti:
Tu Cveni da stumari erebis gamravlebis tempi aseTive darCa,
sul raRac ormocdaaT weliwadSi saqarTveloSi qarTvelebi
aRmovCndebiT 36 procenti, xolo asi wlis Semdeg 17 procenti.
es katastrofas niSnavs.
ormocdaaTi wlis Semdeg Cven, rogorc erovnul umciresobas, ufleba aRar gveqneba qarTuli ena saxelmwifo enad
gamovacxadoT, garantia ar gveqneba arCevnebSi gamarjvebisa,
raTa saqarTvelos qarTveli prezidenti hyavdes.
asi wlis Semdeg ki Cven egzotikur iSviaTaobad viqcev-
47
iT Cvensave qveyanaSi. mowyale TvaliT Tu Segvxedes, ukeTes
SemTxvevaSi, Cvenze daweren, rom am teritoriaze odesRac
cxovrobda `vefxistyaosnis~ sveticxovlis Semqmneli, aw gadaSenebuli eri.
RmerTma nu hqnas! RmerTma nu hqnas, rom ase moxdes, rom
movlenebi ise ganviTardes, rogorc saqarTvelos gadaSenebis
mosurnes surs da sjera.
safrTxe ki realurze realuria.
dRes saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yoveli qarTvelis winaSe (vinc
ar unda iyos igi; partiuli Tu upartio, saxelmwifo, Tu wlebis
ganmavlobaSi usamarTlod devnili patrioti) arCevani dgas: an
yvelani unda gaverTiandeT da uaxloes wlebSi saqarTvelo gadavarCinoT, an far-xmali davyaroT da SeveguoT Cvens daRupvas, sakuTari TvaliT vucqiroT, rogor vqrebiT da viZirebiT.
erTa gaqrobis savalalo magaliTebi istorias araerTi
moepoveba, muzeumTa eqsponatebidanRa gvamcnoben TavianT
gardasul arsebobas: finikielebi, egviptelebi, asurelebi,
etruskebi...
dResac, Cvens civilizebul msoflioSi, saSualod yovel aT
weliwadSi erTi eri amTavrebs Tavis istorias da iSviaTad urbanizmis, ufro xSirad ki didmpyrobeluri Sovinizmis, erovnuli nihilizmis, gegmazomieri ganxalxebis msxverpli xdeba.
sanam saqarTveloSi, Tundac, erTi patrioti qarTveli
iarsebebs, Cveni qveyana erovnul dacvednebas ver Seegueba,
amitom saWiroa axla, swored axla, an arasodes, xelSi aviRoT
RvTismSoblis wilxvdomili qveynis Svelis saqme.
axla drois gayvanis, xalxis motyuebis, simSvidis moCvenebiTi iluziis Seqmnis politika damRupvelia da eris Ralats
niSnavs.
Cven arc erTi Tvis, arc erTi wlis dakargvis ufleba aRara gvaqvs saqarTvelos xsnis sayovelTao moZraobaSi.
konkretulad ra unda gavakeToT?
unda davisaxoT umkacresi da ukonkretulesi samwliani
gegma.
sam weliwadSi yoveli RonisZiebiT unda vecadoT, rom
saqarTveloSi qarTvelTa procentuli Semadgenloba 61
procentidan (rogorc amJamadaa) aviyvanoT 95 procentamde.
somxeTSi dRes 98 procenti somexi cxovrobs, azerbaijanSi 93
procenti azerbaijaneli.
rasakvirvelia, Tanamedrove civilizaciis viTarebaSi
rezervaciis mdgomareobaSi verc erTi eri ver icxovrebs, magram saqarTvelo daRupvis karamde miiyvana swored misma unapiro, gulubryvilo stumarTmoyvareobam da warsulis xelmZRvanelTa cudad, calmxrivad gagebulma internacionalizmma.
saqarTvelo aitans stumars mxolod xuTi procentis raodenobiT, mets vera.
am xuT procentSi unda Sevides qarTuli enis mcodne, saqarTvelos saTanadod damfasebeli, qarTul erovnul fenomenTan Sezrdili (ukve aRar vlaparakob am fenomenTan ojaxurad
dakavSirebulze) stumari, visac aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi
Tavis samSoblod ucvnia saqarTvelo da mxolod da mxolod
misi Svilobis pretenzias acxadebs.
ra gza-saSualebiT mivaRwevT imas, rom 61 procentidan 95
procentamde avideT sarekordod mokle droSi? iqneb gamravlebis tempis gazrdiT?
gamravlebis tempis gazrda ufro grZelvadiani gegmac rom
davisaxoT, CvenTvis SeiZleba aRmoCndes mxolod erTi, magram
araviTar SemTxvevaSi gadamwyveti saSualeba.
saqarTvelos demografiuli siCqare bolo xuTi saukunis manZilze, TiTqmis, erTnairia. esec ar iyos, Cven gamravlebis doRSi
usaTuod davmarcxdebiT, radganac mSvidobiani demografiuli
dapyrobis msurvelnic paralelurad moumateben temps.
maS, ra gza rCeba? stumar erTa gandevnis xerxi, rasac ase
energiulad mimarTa sabWoTa imperiaSive araerTma xalxma?
Cven, qarTvelebi mSvidobiani eri varT, RmerTma nu hqnas,
qarTvelma stumris mimarT Zaladoba gaivlos gulSi, igi am
ukidures zomas mxolod maSin mimarTavs, roca sabolood darwmundeba, rom sakuTar ubeSi Sefarebuli stumari, stumari ki
ara, sinamdvileSi, mteria misi da maspinZlis sakuTari budidan ayris avbneli ganzraxva udevs gulSi.
am sam weliwadSi Cvens kanons CavWidoT xeli da kanonis
poziciebidan vimoqmedoT saqarTvelos xsnis gegmis gansaxorcieleblad.
upirveles yovlisa, davarwmunoT daviT aRmaSeneblis mi-
48
4. r. miSvelaZe. tomi XVIII
49
waze saeWvod gamravlebuli ucxo eri, rom pirovnebis idealuri, harmoniuli ganviTarebis pirobebs mxolod sakuTar
samSobloSi cxovreba iZleva. Tu administraciulma xelma,
ar mogisaja Seni qveynis gareT cxovreba da saSualeba gaqvs
Sens, arcTu Soreul, samSoblos daubrunde, es dauyovnebliv unda gaakeTo. Tavisufali da bednieri mxolod Sens
samSobloSi, SenianebSi iqnebi. sxvis qveyanaSi, organuli ar
aris ra sxvisi erovnuli interesebi SenTvis, Tavs yovelTvis zedmetad grZnob. erovnuli siamaye da patriotuli welgamarTva ucxoa SenTvis. Seni erovnuli Tavmoyvareobac ki,
ra siyvaruliTac unda gepyrobodnen maspinZlebi, nawilobriv mainc Selaxulia.
damarcxdnen marqsizmis brmad mimdevarni, wyalma waiRo
orjonikiZisa da sxva `derJimordebis~ yalbi Teoria usamSoblo moqalaqis aRzrdis Sesaxeb. dRes yvela Tavis samSoblos
eZebs, Tavis qveyanaSi brundeba. Tavis samSobloSi dabruneba
yvela patiosani emigrantis ocnebaa da yvela patiosani moqalaqis Rirsebis saqme.
garda am mSvidi ganmartebisa, saWiroa wasvladagvianebul,
gajiutebul stumarTa mimarT bolos da bolos amuSavdes
kanoni, romelic garkveviT ambobs, rom miwis ukanonod mimtacebels saswrafod unda CamoerTvas miwa da ukompensaciod
daengres mitacebul miwaze aSenebuli yovelgvari nageboba.
iciT, ramdeni stumari cxovrobs dRes saqarTveloSi
ukanonod mitacebul miwaze?
saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yvela stumris 28 procenti! Zalian masStaburi xom ar aris Cveni zogi regionis xelmZRvanelTa doylapiobis viTarebaSi mciremiwian saqarTveloSi
stumarTa amgvari Semoseva?
saWiroa dResve amoqmeddes kanoni (sruliadac ar aris
aucilebeli davelodoT moqalaqis statusis SemoRebas) moqalaqeTa sapasporto uflebebTan dakavSirebiT erovnuli
TviTgamorkvevis gaumarTlebeli SezRudvebis winaaRmdeg.
saqarTveloSi cxovrobs arcTu mcire raodenobis somexi
da egreT wodebuli `somexi~. grigorianobamiRebul qarTvels
e.w. terterobis epoqaSi marTlmadidebel qarTvelTa erTi
nawili `somexs~ eZaxda, ise, rogorc kaTolike qarTvelebs
50
_ frangebs. bolos am `gasomxebulma~ qarTvelebma irwmunes
TavianTi somxoba da pasportSic somexi Caiweres, Tumca arc
eTnografiul-eTnikurad, arc eniT da sxva erovnuli atributebiT isini somxebad arc erTi dRiT ar qceulan, ratom
ujanjlebs zogi sapasporto magidis ufrosi am `somxebs~ kvlav qarTveladmoqcevis bunebriv process?
sanam SeiZleba gagrZeldes avtonomiur respublikaSi
mkvidri qarTveli mosaxleebisaTvis pasuxismgebeli Tanamdedbobis dakavebis konstituciuri uflebis warTmevis mavne
praqtika? sanam unda iqnan qarTvelebi geris mdgomareobaSi
afxazeTis avtonomiur respublikaSi?
Cven ukanonod arafers viTxovT. avtonomiebzec sityvam
moitana da kvlav kanons CamovekidoT.
saqarTveloSi aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis Seqmna rom
Tavis droze didi Secdoma iyo da dRes miT umetes absurdia, es sakamaTod ukve aRaravis miaCnia. vis mouvida an ratom mouvida azrad ZirZveli qarTvelisTvis _ aWaris mxareSi
mcxovrebi kacisTvis Tavis qveyanaSi avtonomiuri respublika
gamoeyo? _
kanoniT akrZalulia ori paraleluri avtonomiuri erTeulis arseboba, miT umetes im viTarebaSi roca, es erTeulebi TiTqmis erTmaneTs esazRvrebian. CrdiloeT kavkasiidan, Tavis samSoblodan samaCabloSi daSvebul Cvens megobar
osebs unda Sevaxseno, rom oseTis avtonomiuri olqis Seqmna
saqarTvelos teritoriaze Tavis droze ukanonoba iyo da
axla miT umetes uazrobaa. gonivruli iqneba Tu samaCabloSi damkvidrebuli Cveni amayi mezoblebis nawili kvlav Tavis
samSoblos daubrundeba, xolo visac darCena guliT surs,
icxovrebs cxinvalis olqSi da araviTar SemTxvevaSi avtonomiur olqSi, romlis statusi am konkretul SemTxvevaSi absoluturad arakonstituciuria. aqve unda ganvmarto, rom amis
Sesaxeb garkveviT da samarTlianad iTqva, amas winaT, saqarTvelos saxalxo frontis damfuZnebel krebaze.
rac Seexeba afxazeTis avtonomiur respublikas, jer erTi,
e. w. `afxazTa~ warmomavloba ukve dadgenilia. isini, visi enac
lamis saxelmwifo enad iqces dRes dasavleT saqarTvelos
ulamazes nawilSi da vinc Tavis Tavs SecdomiT afxazad Tv-
51
lis, sinamdvileSi afSil-afsuebi _ CrdiloeT kavksiidan
ukanaskneli saukuneebis manZilze Camostumrebuli adiReuri
tomebi, anu afsuebi arian. axla amis mtkicebas Tavi davaneboT
da erTi wuTiT davuSvaT, rom afxazebi qarTvelebi ki ara,
marTlac afsuebi arian, xom cnobilia, rom e.w. `afxazeTi~
Tanamedrove afxazeTis teritoriaze meoce saukuneSi (da arc
adre) arasodes ar iyvnen 17 procentze meti. maS, ra niSniT,
ra konstituciuri uflebiT Seuqmnes Cvenma xelgaSlilma komunistma beladebma `afxazebs~ jer `respublika~(?!) da mere
`avtonomiuri respublika?~ nuTu kanonis xelyofa ar iyo,
rom am regionSi mcxovreb 47 procent qarTvels 15 procenti
`afxazi~ (maTgan Svidi procenti dResac gaafxazebuli megrelia) gadaaxtunes Tavze?
saqarTvelos Rrma erovnuli Zilis sayovelTao iluziam misca siTamame ama wlis ocdaoTx ivniss Cvens miwaze
ukanonod damkvidrebul da gamravlebul azerbaijanelTa
erT nawils borCalos avtonomiuri olqis Seqmna moeTxova,
Tumca mSvenivrad icoda, rom, roca gverdiT Seni respublika
arsebobs, sxvis miwaze avtonomiis moTxovnas arc moraluri
ufleba gaqvs da arc konstituciuri.
saqarTveloSi sakavSiro mTavrobis meoxebiT yovelTvis
irRveoda erovnul-teritoriuli kanoni da raRa axla ar
daarRveveno, ifiqres azerbaijanelma `megobrebma~, magram
kovzi nacarSi CauvardaT.
kategoriulad vacxadeb: saqarTveloSi daZabuli erTaSorisi
viTareba calkeul moqalaqeTa `arakeTilsindisierma qmedebam~
ki ar Seqmna, aramed erovnuli gaqrobis, realurma safrTxem,
amitomac am process `droebiTi RonisZiebebi~ ver uSvelis.
Cven ukandasaxevi gza ara gvaqvs. Cven saqarTvelo unda vixsnaT. oRond, rasakvirvelia, mSvidobiani gziT, kanonis fari
unda vifaroT. kanoni, ra paradoqsuladac unda mogCvenoT,
Cven sasargeblod imuSavebs.
ufro Tamamad gavataroT saxelmwifo enad qarTulis
praqtikulad damkvidreba, ufro mxned da droulad SevqnaT
qarTuli erovnuli skola, kanoniT ufro energiulad SevutioT miwis damtaceblebs, ufro qmediTad wavarTvaT bazari
mas, vinc nitratebiT gaZeZgil xil-mwvanileuls oTusbirad
52
gvawvdis. mivepatronoT Cvens miwebs; SevqmnaT axali qarTuli
soflebi Warbstumrian teritoriebze, farTod gavSaloT demografiuli moZraoba.
da yovelive amis paralulerad davicvaT saqarTvelos sazRvrebi. dRes mokavSire respublikebs sakuTari sabaJoebic ki
gauxsna sagardaqmno moZraobam, Cven ki respublikaTaSorisi
sazRvrebis dacvaSi sruli ganukiTxaoba gvaqvs. ratom unda
xdebodes, rom aiyaros erT mSvenmier dRes ssrk-s Soreul
kuTxeSi romelime xalxi da masiurad Camosaxldes saqarTveloSi, aqaoda aq ukeTesi pirobebiao, roca ormocdaxuT weliwadSi
enac da sakuTari erovnebac (yovel SemTxvevaSi Tavs ase aCveneben) dagaviwydeba, gana gaqvs ufleba saqarTveloSi Casaxleba
moiTxovo? droa bolo moeRos saqarTvelos `sufra-respublikad~ da `gasasvlel ezod~ CaTvlis mavne praqtikas.
yvela stumari erisadmi siyvaruliT da pativiscemiT, mSvidobiani gziT, kanonis erTgulebiT da gamoyenebiT vimoqmedoT, Zvirfaso megobrebo!
saerTo ZalisxmeviT vixsnaT samSoblo.
saqarTvelo qarTvels unda ekuTvnodes.
axla erTa TviTgamorkvevis procesi marto sabWoTa kavSirSi ki ara, mTel msoflioSi Ronivrad daabijebs.
patiosani adamianebi TavianT samSoblos ubrundebian.
adamianebs erovnuli Tavmoyvareoba ubrundebaT. moswyindaT xizanisa da stumris mdgomareobaSi aTwleulobiT yofna.
am ramdenime dRis win daRestanSi gaxldiT saqarTvelos
erovnuli delegaciis SemadgenlobaSi guram mgelaZesTan,
muxran maWavarianTan, guram fanjikiZesTan, vaxtang gogua­
ZesTan da Teimuraz osefaSvilTan (yvarlis raikomis pirveli
mdivani) erTad.
rvasaaT-naxevriani nervebismomSleli dialogi dagvWirda,
rom daRestnis xelmZRvanelobasTan SevTanxmebuliyaviT Tavis saSobloSi lekTa erTi nawilis dabrunebis Taobaze. Tavidan sastik uarze iyvnen. TavianT Tvistoms samSoblos WiSkars
ar uRebdnen, adgili ara gvaqso. raki aqamde mand gyavdaT,
keTili inebeT, momavalSic moiTmineTo. vin gexvewebodaT,
rom SeifareTo. mxolod patriotuli valis Sexsenebam da mosalodneli safrTxis realurma suraTma ganapiroba Cveni misiis nawilobrivi, sasurveli Sedegi.
53
ai, rogor uvlian erebi da saxelmwifoebi Tavis sazRvrebs.
Cven ki...
maS ase, saqarTvelos dRes ori gadaudebeli saqme aqvs: 1.
saqarTvelos erovnuli sxeulis gadarCena, anu saqarTvelos
demografiuli mowesrigeba, da 2. saqarTvelos damoukideblobis mopoveba (anu 1918 wlis 26 maisis statusis aRdgena).
es ori saqme iseTive TanmimdvrulobiT unda Sesruldes,
rogorc ori striqonis zemoT miweria.
Cemi fiqriT, am amocanebisTvis adgilis Secvla da meoris
nacvlad pirvelis miCneva ufro saCqaro saqmed, CvenTvis, amjerad, xelsayreli ar aris.
eris gadarCenis samwliani gegma qudze kacs uxmobs!
Cvens Tavs Cvenve unda vusaSveloT.
1989 w.
ra gvWirs, ra gviSvelis?
saqarTvelom erTxel da samudamod gaiRviZa `komunisturi~ saRaTas Zilisagan, realurad SeigrZno gadagvarebis
safrTxe da gaerTianebuli ZaliT, qmediTad Seudga saqveyno
wylulis mkurnalobas.
ra wyluli Sehyria rusTavelis qveyans?
pirveli _ demografiuli siWrele. yvelaze saSiSi seni!
sul raRac oriode wlis winaT saqarTvelos xelmZRvanelobaSi amotivtivebul, SemTxveviT pirebs `respublikis Rirsebad~
da `internacionalizmis samagaliTo nimuSad~ rom miaCndaT.
meore _ damoukideblobis dakargva; leninis ruseTis mier
dapyrobil demokratiul respublikas suls rom uxuTavs 1921
wlis sabediswero, avadsaxsenebeli 25 Tebervlidan.
saqarTvelo unda ganiwmndos moZalebuli ucxo Teslisgan
da WeSmaritad damoukidebel, suverenul, neitralur saxelmwifod unda iqces.
ra ucxo Teslzecaa laparaki, yvelas kargad moexseneba.
qarTveli kaci rom bunebiT stumarTmoyvarea, esec kargad
uwyis msofliom, Tumca, Cveni eris es Tvisebac ki, am bolo
dros, eWvis qveS daayenes mtrebma. rao, erTbaSad amoiRo
54
saqarTvelom gulidan mis ubeSi Sekedlebuli yvela stumari,
visTan erTadac eweoda amao komunistur Wapans am lamis Svidi aTeuli wlis manZilze? aramc da aramc, saqarTvelosTvis
ucxoa erovnuli siZulvili (dagvijereben Tu ara msoflioSi,
amas CvenTvis ukve mniSvneloba aRara aqvs), magram Cven aSkarad
davinaxeT Cvenken wamosuli istoriis drakoni. Tu uaxloes
wlebSi Cvenma stumrebma Tavis samSobloebs ar miaSures, saqarTvelos saxsenebeli aRigveba pirisagan miwisa. amas ki, sruliad bunebrivia, mebrZol patriotze rom aRaraferi vTqva,
yvelaze liberalurad ganwyobili, rusis samsaxurSi Sesuli
funqcioneric ver Seegueba.
Cven isedac didi dro davkargeT. erovnuli nervis moSvebuloba, lamis, erovnul gulgrilobasa da bedovlaTobaSi
gadagvezarda da Cveni axalgazrdobis Tavganwiruli yiJina
rom ara, rom ara is `ganwirulis suliskeTeba~, ase Zlierad
rom daarxies Cvens sulSi zviad gamsaxurdiam da misma razmma
istoriis sulTaTana Cven, TvaldaxuWulebs ufskrulisken
migvarwevda da gadaCexvamde wamebiRa gvaklda.
da misTa ukeTes SvilTa sayovelTao SemarTebiT saqarTvelo ufskrulis piras SeCerda. daamuxruWa misi inerciuli sriali ufskrulisken 1989 wlis cxra aprilma, ocdaoTxma ivnisma,
TxuTmetma ivlisma, madloba Cvens mtrebs... es maTac Seuwyves
xeli Cvens SeCerebas da Zilisgan gamosarkvev garindebas.
moixeda qarTvelma da erTbaSad dainaxa isini, vinc wiTeli
teroris bangiT gabruebuls istoriuli ufskrulisken miaqanebda.
CrdiloeT kavkasiidan meTvramete saukunis dasasruls daSvebulma, saqarTvelos uZveles miwaze droebiT dasaxlebulma
afsuas tomma eniT auwereli veragoba Caidina: Tavs `afxazi~
uwoda da moipara ra Cveni istoria, Tavi saqarTvelos umSvenieresi miwis mkvidr Svilad da patronad gamoacxada. sinamdvileSi afxazi eri da miT umetes, afxazuri ena dedamiwaze arasodes arsebula da arc axla arsebobs. afxazeTi teritoriis
saxelwodeba iyo da ara erovnebis. adre es gaxldaT saerTo
qarTuli miwis saxeli, ise, rogorc kolxeTi, SemdgomSi ki qarTul eTnografiul kuTxed Camoyalibda imereTis, guriis,
samegrelos, svaneTis, raWis, kaxeTisa Tu qarTlis msgavsad.
55
mecxramete saukuneSi afsuas musulmanma tomebma Tavs rom
afxazi uwodes, qarTvelebs sasacilodac ar eyoT da yuradRebac ar miaqcies, radganac afsuas tomis Canasaxovani ena
da ukulturo warsuli qarTul fenomenze veraviTar gavlenas
ver axdenda da verc verasodes moaxdenda, rom ar yofiliyo
istoriis gadamgvarebel `marqsistTa~ energiuli mcdeloba
da samSobloobis grZnobis wamSleli wyeuli dro.
`patara erebis~ mfarvelma `komunistebma~ afsuas tomis uZReb Svilebs da afxazeTSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebis erT
nawils dauriges pasportebi, romelSic gaCnda msoflioSi
manamde gaugonari da axlac ararsebuli erovneba _ afxazi.
warmogidgeniaT, qarTvelis nacvlad kacs pasportSi eweros
erovneba _ guruli, erovneba _ kaxeli?
Tu amdeni pativiscema surdaT afsuas tomisaTvis, CaeweraT erovneba `afsua~ da Tu aucilebeli iyo sxvis miwaze
gamravlebul 15 procents gaugonari, arakonstituciuri
sazomebiT calke avtonomia hqonoda, ewodebinaT misTvis `afsuas tomis avtonomiuri respublika~.
mere afsuas sasargeblod imuSava istoriam. sabWoTa xelisuflebam elementaruli civilizaciis dasawyis stadiaze
myof mTiel toms warmoudgeneli upiratesobebi mianiWa qarTveli eris xarjze. ar hyavdaT mecnieri _ gamougones kvleviTi institutebi da erovnuli universitetic ki, ar hyavdaT
Jurnalisti _ gamougones gazeTi da radio-televizia. arad
Caagdes afxazeTSi, TavianT samSobloSi mcxovreb qarTvlTa
interesebi (qarTvelebi 45%-s Seadgenen) da afxaz naxevradspecialistebs misces asparezi samsaxurebrivi ierarqiaTa
kibeze gaumarTlebeli prvilegiebiT gadamfreni SoSiebiviT
Camomsxdariyvnen. magram am uwyinar frinvelTagan gansxvavebiT afsuani gadafrenas sruliadac ar apirebdnen. isini lamis
brWyalebiT CaebRauWnen Cvens istorias da fiTriviT moikalaTes saqarTvelos erovnul sxeulze, isargebles qarTvel
istorikosTa iZulbiTi siCumiT da miutevebeli sisastikiT
Seuties istoriuli foliantebis WeSmaritebebs, materialuri kulturis Zeglebs, qarTul toponimebs. miuxedavad imisa,
rom araviTari niSanwyali ar arsebobda qarTvelTa gverdiT
afxazeTSi am bolo saukunemde afsuas tomis Tanacxovrebas
56
rom daadasturebda, adgnen da usircxvilod uwodes lixnis,
biWvinTisa da bediis qarTul, qarTuli warwerebiT damSvenebul monastrebs afxazuri kulturis, arqiteqturis Zeglebi, qarTul toponimTa sruliad araostaturi damaxinjebiT `Seqmnes~ Rimilismomgvreli, gamogonili, crutoponimebi.
Cven ki, ugergilo xelisuflebis gadamkidenni, am istoriul
danaSaulze wlebis ganmavlobaSi vdumdiT.
dResac, roca afsuas tomma Tavisi WeSmariti zraxvani da
dampyrobluri gegmebiT erTxel da samudamod gamoamJRavna
lixnis sazizRari weriliT da SeuiaraRebel qarTvelTa sisxlisRvriT 1989 wlis 15 ivliss, dResac bolomde simarTles
ar ambobs araerTi istorikosi. afxazeTis miwa odiTganve
ekuTvnis qarTvelebs da afxazebso, mimtevebluri RimiliT
acxadeben isini televizoris ekranidan da sweren gazeTebSi.
sanam vimeoroT es usabuTo naxevarsimarTle? axal sisxlisRvramde xom ara? ratom ar gvinda davakvalianoT dabneuli,
gaunaTlebeli afxazi glexi (Segulianebuli mointeligento,
mkvleli eqstremistisgan), romelsac marTla hgonia, rom
afxazia da am miwaze odiTgan mcxovrebi? es xom imas niSnavs, rom seriozulad vweroT `saqarTvelos miwa odiTgan
ekuTvniT qarTvelebs da imerlebso?~ ratom vafarebT xels
simarTles? amiT gana miusafar mdgomareobaSi ar vagdebT
Tavis miwaze afxazeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelebs da erovnuli
TviTgamorkvevis dros ar vuxangrZlivebT dabneul, ZirZvel
qarTvelebs im saukunis bolos da am saukuneSic, ukanasknel
wlebamde, TanamdebobaTa Sovnis sulma rom wasZliaT da afxazebad Caewernen? ratom ar gvinda isini droulad moegon
gons da usamarTlod `gaafxazebulni~, sanam gvian ar aris,
isev gadmoqarTveldnen?
afsuas musulmanurma tomma 15 ivliss saukunis danaSauli
Caidina. am danaSaulisaTvis man pasuxi unda agos. Cven ver
miviRebT zogi `gonsmosuli~ afxazi Sovinistis nagvianev TiTze kbenas da Tavze nacris wayras. Tqveni Ralati axali ar
aris, afsua vaJbatonebo. niRabi ukve Camoglejili gaqvT da
sxvisi miwa-wylis dapyrobis JiniT anTebuli Tvalebic kargad
giCanT. qarTveli kaci momTmenia mxolod garkveul zRvramde,
amis Semdeg ki samudamod moeRo bolo Tqvens mimarT loialo-
57
bas da `gaWirvebuli bavSvis~ didsulovan daTmoba-moferebebs. unda aRsdges samarTlianoba. qarTveli Tavis miwaze,
afxazeTSi miiRebs yvela sikeTes, rac mas, rogorc mkvidr
mosaxleobas da 45 procents ekuTvnis, Tqven imas _ rac,
rogorc stumrebs gekuTvniT da gergebaT. ukmayofilebis
gamoxatvis sruli ufleba gaqvT Tqvens adiReur sanaxebSi dabrunebiT. im Tqvens samSobloSi dabrunebiT, romelsac ase
energiulad uaryofdiT TiTqmis mTeli ori saukunis ganmavlobaSi da sircxvilic ar giwvavdaT yurebs, roca Tqvens
enas _ afsuas tomis enas adiReuri enis erT dialeqts, TviTmyobad enad acxadebdiT da qveynis gasagonad gahkiodiT: Cven
am miwis Svilebi varT da adiResTan araviTari kavSiri ara
gvaqvso, _ rao, gagitkbaT Cven mier droebiT daTmobili afxazeTis mSvenieri miwa? sanamde unda misuliyo Tqveni politikuri siTavxede ioane petriwi rom `afxazad~ (?!) gamogecxadebinaT? iqneb vaxtang gorgasali, daviT aRmaSenebeli, Tamar
mefe, afsuas tomis enaze laparakobdnen? iqneb afsuas enaze
Seqmna meTormete saukuneSi rusTavelma `vefxistyaosani~ da
mere qarTulad Targmna? xom warmoudgenelia, tomma sakuTari TviTmyofadi kulturis Seqmnis nacvlad sxvisi kulturis moparvas mihyos xeli da naqurdalis kvalis wasaSlelad
saqarTvelosve teritoriidan gasvla moiTxovos, aqaoda, yvela yvela da qarTvelebma xom kargad ician, vin varT Cven da
saidan CamovediTo?
dasanani is aris, rom Tavis mwir istoriaSi naklebad
garkveul, rusul kulturaze aRzrdil afsuas Svilebs atyueben isini, visac mwerlad da mecnierad moaqvs Tavi, vinc Zalad naswavli afsuas eniT ganviTarebis gzaze axlaxan Semdgari
eris donis mwerloba Seqmna da arc erTxel ar hkiTxa Tavis
Tavs: me rom aq, qarTvelebis gverdiT saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi
mecxovra, nuTu ar gamiCndeboda survili Cems (afsuas) enaze
rame damewerao? ranairad moxda, rom qarTvelebma me-5 saukuneSi romani Seqmnes, meTormeteSi `vefxistyaosani~, xolo me
saukunis ocian wlebSi `damiarsa~ litertura naxevrad qarTvelma dimitri guliamo? qarTveli eri saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi trialebs msoflio kulturis ferxulSi, me ki osebisTvis
warTmeuli narTebis eposiT vapireb fons gasvlaso?
58
amgvar kiTxvebs Tavs arideben Cvenganve galaRebul-gaTamamebuli afsua mwerlebi, bevr maTgans walenjixa-zugdididan
bedis saZieblad wamosuli sakuTari qarTveli babuac kargad
axsovs, magram axla babuas ki ara, mamasac ver uxseneb; igi `afxazia~ morCa da gaTavda, swored maT gasagonad minda vTqva:
diax, afxazebi brZandebiT moqalaqeno, magram afsuas tomTan da afsuas enasTan Tqven araviTari istoriuli kavSiri
ara gaqvT. Tqven es ena axlaxan, erTi saukunec ar aris, rac
Tavs mogaxvies, droa, xeli dauqnioT sxvis ena-kulturas, da
Tqvens qarTvelobas, Tqvens afxazobas daubrundeT.
kidev ra sWirs saqarTvelos? saqarTvelos sWirs TaTari,
man Tavs `azerbaijaneli~ uwoda, garSemoewyo Tbiliss, daikava qvemo qarTlis (da ara marto qvemo qarTlis) saukeTeso
miwebi, buziviT gamravlda da sxvis ubeSi cxovrebam ise gaaqsua, rom miwebis ukanono mitaceba rodi ikmara; modi, cda
bedis monaxevrea, saqarTveloSi sami ukanono erovnul-teritoriuli avtonomiuri erTeuli da doylapia, Tavisi sazRvris movla-dacvas gadaCveuli qarTvelebi meoTxesac aitanen. avtexav Zaxils borCalos avtonomiuri olqis Seqmnaze.
vici, rom avtonomiis moTxovna sxvis miwaze, roca or nabijze
Seni respublika gaqvs ukanonoa, magram ras vkargav, qarTvelebs gaRma Sevedavebi, iqneb es mitacebuli miwebi mainc SemrCeso. mitingze enis tartali rodi ikmares `azerbaijanelma
Zmebma~, SeiaraRdnen da marneulSi, bolnissa da dmanisSi provokaciebis mowyoba scades, magram droze miuxvdnen, sxvisken
miRerili Tof-avtomatebi waarTves da TiTo panRuric (rac
ara da ar aris sakmarisi) uTavazes.
kidev ra sWirs saqarTvelos? saqarTvelos sWirs leki. igi
qurdulad Camoipara yvarelSi daclili daRestnuri aulebidan. aq kargi pirobebia, alaznis veli samoTxes hgavs, ra mindoda kldeebze rom vekide, davsaxldebi da gavmravldebi Cemi
`qarTveli Zmebis~ miwazeo. qarTvelebma, rogorc maT sCveodaT, Seicodes ltolvilebi da saukeTeso miwebze daasaxles.
`moZme lekebma~ imiT gadauxades rom, ra gaZRnen, TareSic
moisurves, udanaSaulo kaci cxvariviT dakles, cxedari najaxiT daCexes da cecxls SeukeTes (gaupatiureba-xulignobis
SemTxvevebs ki aRar CamovTvli. r.m.).
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kidev ra sWirs saqarTvelos? saqarTvelos sWirs osi, es
ZvelTaZveli Crdiloeli mezobeli Cveni, karga xania, rac
istoriul samaCabloSi davafuZneT da davamkvidreT. codvas ver vityvi, saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi tkbilad, megobrulad vcxovrobdiT. TviTonac kargad ician, rom ar ekuTvniT,
magram avtonomiuri olqic aCuqaT sabWoTa xelisuflebam.
axla, roca gvegona, rom Cveni ZmadSeficuli osebi mainc ar
gviRalatebdnen, zog maTgans kus mier fexis gamoyofis andazam daria xeli. iqneb gulmosulis poza ufro sasargeblo
aRmoCndeso da iqamde gaTavxedda, rom ilia WavWavaZis suraTi
xelhyo, xolo Cveni samferovani droSiT, simwriT dabrunebuli erovnuli droSiT, mtvriani fexsacmeli Seiwminda. me Rrmad var darwmunebuli, rom CoCievisTana turebi osi xalxis
azrs ar gamoxataven da Cveni mSvidobiani xvalis imedic jer
ar gadamiwuravs.
kidev ra sWirs saqarTvelos? saqarTvelos sWirs somexi,
is `somexi~ ki ara, grigorianel qarTvels saukunis winaT
Cvenve rom davarqviT somexi da axla qarTvelad moqcevisTvis
iRvwis, arc is somexi, visTanac saukunod gadagvaba eTnikurreligiurma erTobam da istoriulma bedma. visac Segnebuli
aqvs, rom Cven, ori eri, meCeCze gaCxerili xomaldebiviT varT
im musulmanur okeaneSi da erTmaneTs Tu ar mivxedeT, erTmaneTi Tu davasusteT, wakidebuli mamlebiviT waqvaciaqebs
Cveni saerTo mteri, niadag moTvalTvale avi Tvali. saqarTvelos sWirs is somexi, romelic jvris monasters epotineba,
jibiT didi somxeTis ruka daaqvs da wamdauwum gaiZaxis: mtkvris marcxena sanapiro Cemiao. Cven Sorsa varT sxvisi miwis
miTvisebisagan, qarTvels sxvis misxalic ar unda, arc arasodes ucdia visime ezo-mamulis daCemeba, magram daxedos
saqarvelosTvis moSurne TvaliT momziralma somexma daviT
aRmaSeneblis rukas da ra ixilavs saqarTvelos samefos farglebSi erT-erT provinciad moqceul somxeTs, iqneb wauxdes
Cveni miwis daCemebis mada. Cven ki, Cvenda Tavad, somxeTTan
sadavo araferi gvaqvs da yvela qarTveli keTili nebis somexTan Zmobis mosurnea niadag.
ise, Cven Soris darCes da, am striqonebis avtors friad
ukvirs erovnuli Tavmoyvareobis mqone, maRali kulturis,
60
uZvelesi somexi eris warmomadgenelTagan saqarTvelos miwaze dasarCenad esodeni gajiuteba. rogor ganvicadeT Cven
somxeTis SarSandeli miwisZvra, TviT somxebsac kargad moexsenebaT. TiTqmis asi aTasamde somexi imsxverpla saSinelma stiqiam, axla iq seismuri gamZleobis brwyinvale saxlebs
aSeneben, miuxedavad, imisa rom im raionebSi, aTaswlovani ciklis mixedviT, miwisvra mosalodneli aRar aris (rac ar iTqmis
amierkavkasiis sxva adgilebze). spitak-leninakanis mosazRvre
qarTul raionebSi ki dReme arc erT somexs ar gamouTqvams
Tavis samSobloSi, Tavis miwaze dabrunebis survili. riT
unda avxsna me, qarTvelma mweralma, somexi megobrebis amgvari
gaucxoeba Tavisi samSoblos mimarT? gana saeWvoa, rom mxolod Seni samSoblo, SenianebSi yofna ganiWebs srulyofilad
bednierebas da gaZlevs harmoniuli ganviTarebis saSualebas?
kidev ra sWirs saqarTvelos? saqarTvelos mTavari seni
gaxlavT deformirebuli, korumpirebuli samudamod ganwiruli e. w. socialisturi wyobileba da am wyobilebis amorfuli
egidiT saqarTvelos naZaladevi yofna TxuTmeti respublikis
iseT uTanaswro kavSirSi, sadac ara marto qveynis politikuri Tavisuflebaa qimerad qceuli, dakargulia jansaRi ekonomiuri urTierTangariSsworeba da pirovnebis uflebebi minimumamdea dayvanili. sabWoTa moqalaqis gaTelil Rirsebebs
kanoni faqtobrivad ar icavs. aRaravis sjera dRes msoflioSi
sabWoTa saxelmwifosi, rogorc `mSvdobis burjisa~, aRaravin
usmens gulisyuriT Cvens dabneul propagandas imis Sesaxeb,
rom TiTqos sabWoTa kavSirs erTa Tanaswroba da sxva saxelmwifoTa saqmeebSi Caurevlobis principi amoZravebdes. avRaneTis problemam marto Cveni moralur-politikuri ki ara,
samxedro siZlierec daayena eWvis qveS. amitomac dasva drom
dRis wesrigSi Cveni kavSiris pilitikur-ekonomiuri da teritoriul-adaministraciuli gardaqmnis saWiroeba. aq sruliad
bunebrivad dadga momaval koaliciur sistemaSi saqarTvelos
adgilis sakiTxi, alternativa ar arsebobs _ saqarTvelo
unda gaTavisufldes, gaxdes igi ekonomiur-politikurad damoukidebeli, demokratiuli saxelmwifo.
... da miuxedavad amisa, yinuli mainc daiZra. erovnulma
gamoRviZebam ukve mogvca imedismomcemi nayofi. es gaxlavT
61
marneulisa da bogdanovkis raionebis xelmZRvanelobaSi qarTuli fenomenis gaZliereba mosalodneli SedegebiT. es
gaxlavT leki mosaxleobis nawilis daRestanSi dabruneba, es
gaxlavT afsua eqstremistebisTvis sakadrisi pasuxis gacema
da afxazeTSi am miwis baton-patroni qarTveli mosaxleobisTvis afsuaTa mxridan gaumarTlebeli SezRudvebis moxsna
da Tanamdebobebze qarTveli specialistebis nawilobriv dabruneba, es gaxlavT axali qarTuli soflebis Seqmna ucxo
tomebiT dasaxlebul teritoriebze da demografiuli gawonasworebisTvis Sesabamis raionebSi stiqiiT dazaralebuli svanebisa da aWarlebis Casaxleba. viyoT gulaxdilni,
nu gamoviCenT umadurobas da vTqvaT, rom am karg dasawyiss
(Tavs nu davimSvidebT, jerjerobiT mxolod dasawyiss! r.m.)
saqarTvelos araformalurma gaerTianebebma da qarTvel mweralTa saerTo Zalisxmevam daudo saTave.
mTvari jer win aris. Cveni erovnuli winsvla gacilebiT
TvalsaCino iqneboda, ufro gaerTianebul-xelCaWidebulni
rom viyoT, Cveni erovnuli brZolis asparezze rom ar gvyavdes bevri winamaswara da sulswrafi, `originaluri ideebis
patroni~, umwifari politikani ymawvili da gandidebis maniiT
Sepyrobili, Tavis gamoCenis JiniT anTebuli, pirvelobis mosurne araerTi diletanti.
ar SeiZleba uTavbolod gamravlebul partiebsa da programa-Teoriebs SevaWmevinoT Cveni erovnuli moZraoba. mware
Rimilis momgvrelia politikur brZolaSi bavSvuri butiaoba
da `me var da Cemi nabadis~ taqtika. gasagebia, rom moZraobis dasawyiss gzebis Zieba Tan axlavs, magram gzebis ukompasod Ziebam ise ar unda agvabnios, rom saqarTvelos ganTavisuflebis erTaderT gzad mahaTma gandis strategia
gamovacxadoT. mahaTma gandis ukan eqvsasmilioniani indoeTi
idga. Tu SimSiliT asi milioni amowydeboda, xuTasi milioni
eziareboda Tavisuflebas. Cven ki sammilionnaxevari varT
da me, piradad, SimSiliT sikvdilisTvis verc erT qarTvels
ver gavimeteb. esec ar iyos, indoeTi humanur, didi parlamenturi tradiciebis mqone ingliss ebrZoda, Cven ki cxra
aprilis avtors, kbilebamde SeiaraRebuli imperiis urCxuls
vewinaaRmdegebiT urCxuls, romelsac saerTaSoriso sircxvi-
62
lis grZnobac dakarguli aqvs da arc saerTaSoriso samarTlis winaSe agebs pasuxs. amitomac Cemi mamobrivi rCevaa: roca
arc hasaki, arc gamocdileba da, miT umetes, arc ganaTleba
gimagrebs beWebs, Seni sakuTari, saojaxo-saZmabiWo partiis
Seqmnas Tavi unda anebo da romelime saqmian erovnul partiaSi gaerTiande. politika mowyenilobisgan saTamaSo, TviTmiznurad opoziciuri ganwyobilebis gamosaxatavi samaskarado niRabi sruliadac ar aris. rogorc ki erTxel CagTvlis
araseriozul, arakompetentur `beladad~ xalxi, morCa, mere
Wipzec rom gaskde, mis ndobas veRar daibruneb.
ra gviSvelis? unda davisaxoT mtkice, Seuvali programa da
erTi droSis qveS gaverTiandeT. Cven patara eri varT da konsolidacia-erTxmovanebis meti saSualeba gvaqvs. TiToeulma
qarTvelma moZraobis centrad unda vigrZnoT Tavi. ar SeiZleba saqveyno saqme erT muWa Tavgadaklul, devnil patriotebs
SevatovoT xelSi. Cven yvelani maT gverdiT unda davdgeT.
saqarTvelos momavali romelime asakis prioriteti ki ar aris,
mTeli eris saqmea. me vfiqrob, Cveni istoriis am etapze imperiisgan Tavis daxsnis yvelaze swori da unikaluri gza, amjerad baltiispireTis gzaa. oRond, rasakvirvelia, baltiispireTis gza brmad ki ar unda gadmoviRoT, Cveni sagangebo
demografiul-geografiul-ekonomiuri mdgomareobis gadamkideT upirveles miznad saqarTvelos demografiuli gawmenda,
Cveni erovnuli sxeulis gadarCena unda davisaxoT mxolod da
mxolod mSvidobiani gziT. amis paralelurad isev mSvidobiani,
parlamenturi gziT vibrZoloT saqarTvelos jer ekonomiuri
da Semdeg politikuri damoukideblobis mosapoveblad. kargad mesmis, rom uaxloes periodSi saqarTvelos demografiuli gawmendis, mxolod da mxolod parlamentur-mSvidobiani
gza gulubryvilobaa, aq administraciuli moqmedebis gzas ar
gamovricxav, ra Tqma unda kanonis farglebSi.
imediT da rwmeniT SevxedoT momavals.
saqarTvelo usaTuod gaivlis am Znel istoriul mosaxvevs. igi gadarCeba da aisrulebs saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi
gulSi nasaTuTev ocnebas.
es bolo striqonebi mkiTxvelisTvis gulis gakeTebis, werilis maJorul ganwyobilebaze damTavrebis surviliT ar dami-
63
weria. Wiri Tavs ar damalavs da ukanaskneli drois movlenebma
didi imediT rodi aRmavso. plenumma erovnebaTaSoriso urTierTobaTa gadaWris qmediTi RonisZiebebis gatarebis nacvlad,
oden lozung-mowodebebisa da direqtivebis niSniT Caiara.
gaubedaoba dakanonebuli arqistilis mimarT, monuri qedis
moxra biurokratiuli aparatis winaSe, `ufrosi Zmobis~ institutisken auxsneli mobruneba, gulis aCuyeba imperiis burji
eris, viTomda, daCagruli mdgomareobis gamo, muqarisa da TiTisqnevis miviwyebuli meTodebis gaxseneba, savalalo qveteqsti
ararsebuli mtrebis _ patara erebis Wkuis saswavlelad mimarTul sityvebSi rom amoikiTxeba... da es xdeba maSin, rodesac
azrian politikosebs marTlac SeeZloT da, iqneb, ukanaskneli
Sansic hqondaT, gamosavali epovaT urTulesi viTarebidan.
gardaqmna! gardaqmnao oTxi welia gavyviriT da ar moiZebneba
imperiaSi kaci, romelic naTlad gagagebinebs, raSi mdgomareobs
gardaqmna ekonomikaSi, politikaSi... gardaqmna yuradRebis
misatyueblad gaSvebul ferad buStad iqca, romelsac rac
ufro vuaxlovdebiT, ufro gvSordeba da Tu moxda saswauli _
mivekarT, eWvi ar aris, xelSi Semogvaskdeba. SeiZleba winaswar
gamoacxado politikurma xelmZRvanelobam _ plenums viwvevT,
magram arc erTi momwifebuli erovnuli problemis gadawyvetas ar vapirebT da saerTod am mimarTulebiT Cvengan nuraviTar sikeTes nu elodebiTo? dabneuloba, auxsneli dabneuloba
udReuri platformis mowoneba-damtkicebaSi ki ar Cans marto,
igi yoveldRiur cxovrebasac etyoba Tavisi poziciuri wajequkujeqobiT da ucxoeTs stumrad wasuli moxelis usamarTlo
lanZRviT Tu meyvseuli mobodiSebiT.
axla xom mainc unda davrwmundeT, Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo,
rom qarTveli kacis patroni am ukidegano duniaze aravin
aris da Tu Cvenve ar movusviT Ronivrad Cvenive bedis niCbebs,
vin icis, saiT migvagdebs istoriis ulmobeli grigali.
da swored maSin, roca mogeCveneba, rom yvelaferi damTavrebulia, waawydebi saqarTvelos momavalisaTvis SemarTuli aTasebis jiut mzeras, moismen ukompromiso RaRadiss
erovnul satkivarze da igrZnob, rom rogorc hquxs, ise
ara wvims da saqarTvelos mrume erovnul cisTavanzec male
gamoidarebs.
64
aq aras vityvi imaze, vinc devna-WidilSi gamoatara saqarTvelos erovnuli droSa da dResac damoukideblobisaTvis
brZolis rainduli begTari amSvenebs. maSin, rodesac centri
patara eris datuqsvis formebs eZebs, saqarTvelo aqveynebs
erovnul koncefcias, romelSic sxva gabedul azrTa Soris
erTi azricaa : `yovelTvis ver iqneba SesaZlebeli saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi aramkvidri erovnebis adamianTa erovnuli
moTxovnilebebisa da interesebis imdagvari da im sisruliT
dakmayofileba, rogorc es xdeba maTi ZiriTadi gansaxlebis
adgilebSi _ Sesabamis respublkebsa da avtonomiur formirebebSi~. rogoradac ar unda examuSos stumari eris warmomadgenels `aramkvidri erovnebis~ cneba, es faqtia. am dros
plenumis maRali arenidan `amxanagebi~ cecxls afrqveven Tavgasul mcire erTa `gaTavisuflebis~ winaaRmdeg.
saqarTvelos mxolod erTsulovneba, eris da beris erT
miswrafebad gaerTianeba, erTi droSis qveS dadgoma gaamarjvebinebs da am striqonebis avtors aramkiTxe Suamavlobas
nurvin daabralebs, igi qarTvelia da orive napiris imedis
xavss ebRauWeba.
erovnuli moZraobis adidebuli mdinare dawmendis procesSia.
1988 w.
egre ar ari, Tayao...
29 ivliss `axalgazrda komunistSi~ dabeWdil statiaSi `ra
gadaarCens saqarTvelos~ me Cemi eris SvilTa yuradReba mivaqcie saqarTveloSi Seqmnil sagangaSo demografiul viTarebas da gamovTqvi ramdenime mosazreba am krizisidan gamosvlis mSvidobian gzebsa da saSualebebze.
saqarTvelo gaqrobis realuri safrTxis winaSe dgas-meTqi
rakiRa vambobdi im werilSi, saqarTvelos statistikis saxelmwifo komitetis Tavmjdomares Temur ratians ufiqria;
ariqa, axla ki mohyveba revaz miSvelaZis gafrTxilebas sisxlisRvrao da maSinve profilaqtikuri RonisZiebisTvis miumarTavs.
5. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
65
ar SegeSindeT mkiTxvelo, marTla ase Cqara ki ar gavqrebiT, rogorc r. miSvelaZes hgoniao, saqarTveloSi qarTveli 61% ki ara 68,8%-iao, Sesabamisad somxeTSi somexi 98% ki
ara 89,7%-iao, xolo azerbaijanSi azerbaijaneli 93% ki ara
78,1%-iao. pativcemuli T. ratiani iqve aRniSnavs: `aRniSnuli
cifrebi 1979 wlis mosaxleobis aRweriT aris miRebuli da
axali msgavsi cifrebi miRebuli iqneba samiod TveSio~.
dideba Senda RmerTo, rogor ar vicodi, rom dResac bevri
iyo iseTi eris wylulis mifuCeCebis, arsebiTze xalxis yuradRebis mowyvetis, realuri safrTxis gaqarwylebis politikas
rom atarebda, magram T. ratianisgan amas namdvilad ar velodi.
Zvirfaso Temur, yvela yvela da Tqven statistikis majiscemaze yurmipyrobil kacs mainc gecodinebaT, rom am cota
xnis winaT sumgaiT-yarabaxis ambebs Sedegad is mohyva, rom
somxeTidan sami dRis ganmavlobaSi gaasaxles iq mcxovrebi
azerbaijanelebis asi procenti (ssrk deputatTa pirvel
yrilobaze iTqva dRes somxeTSi arc erTi azerbaijaneli
ar cxovrobso) da azerbaijanSi mcxovreb somexTa (uyarabaxod) TiTqmis asi procenti. rogor fiqrobT, imoqmedebda
Tu ara es faqti somxeTsa da azerbaijanSi mkvidri, erovnuli
mosaxleobis raodenobaze? ra dros 1979 wlis monacemebiT
laparakia, Se kai kaco, maSin, rodesac saqarTvelos marto
erT azerbaijanul sofelSi 1979 wels cxovrobda 1500 kaci,
xolo axla 10 000 cxovrobs?
rogor fiqrobT, ratom ver vacxadebT aqamde mosaxleobis 1989 wlis aRweris Sedegebs? Tqvenze ukeT vis ecodineba,
rom am aRweris SedegebiT savalalo mdgomareobaSia ara marto
saqarTvelo, aramed Zlevamosili ruseTic ki, romlis mkvidrma
rusma mosaxleobam katastrofulad iklo ruseTissave miwaze
uzomod gamravlebuli erTi religiis mimdevarTa xarjze?
saqarTvelos daRupavs `nu geSiniaT~ da `arc egrea saqmes~
gamcemluri politika. T. ratiani gvamSvidebs, marto saqarTvelo ki araa Znel dReSi, `yazaxeTSi yazaxeTis wili Seadgens 36 procents, yirgizeTSi yirgizebis wili 47,9 procents,
latviaSi latvielebis wili 53,7 procents, moldaveTSi moldavelebis wili 63,9 procentso~. esec 1979 wlis monacemebidan icis b-nma T. ratianma.
66
ra SeRavaTia CemTvis, batono Temur, marto CavinTqmebi istoriis ufskrulSi Tu yazaxebTan, yirgizebTan, latvielebTan da moldavelebTan erTad? yvelam Tavis mamidas unda mixedos da yvelam Tavisi satirali unda itiros am qveyanaze.
me Cemsas vwuxvar da Cemi samreklodan Cems zarebs vrekav _ qarTvelebo, gviteven yoveli mxridan, Cveni patroni da
mSveleli mTels duniaze aravin aris, Cvens Tavs Cvenve unda
vusaSveloT-meTqi.
iseT gunebaze var Cveni bedis gadamkide, rom megona axla
eSmakic ver gamacinebda, magram T. ratianis Segonebam `aRniSnuli cifrebi 1979 wlis aRweriT aris miRebuli da axali msgavsi
cifrebi miRebul iqneba samiod TveSio~, WeSmaritad Rimili
momgvara. es Tqveni survilia, b-no Temur `msgavsi cifrebi~
miviRoT samiod TveSi, magram samwuxarod, realuri cxovreba
sxva cifrebs gvTavazobs: amierkavkasiaSi somxeTma da azerbaijanma, cnobili RonisZiebebiT, Tavi samudamod gadairCina,
saqarTvelo ki gaqrobis realuri saSiSroebis winaSe dgas.
girCevT, Tqvenc nu miematebiT eris gamCumebel-damamSvidebel-momtyuebelTa im mosawyen rigebs, romlebic Svilmoklul, damcirebul, Seuracxyofil qarTvel kacs `mitevebisa~ da `keTilgonierebisken~ mouwodeben. raTa erTxel
kidev (da vin icis iqneb samudamodac) CaaZinon. erTa calmxriv
Zmobas qadageben da xeze Semomjdar mkvlels `ver amCneven~,
qarTvels Tavis internacionalur vals Seaxseneben da TiTs
TiTze ar akareben imisaTvis, rom mkvlelebi, Tu daWeriT ar
daiWeren (?!) Tanamdebobidan mainc gaaTavisuflon.
saqarTvelom ukve gaiRviZa. ganukiTxaoba, eris motyueba,
gaubedaoba, politikuri cvednoba rom didxans ver iboginebs
saqarTveloSi da marionetoba mamuliSvilobas rom sruliadac ar niSnavs, es axla bavSvmac ki icis.
Tu Tqven im mkrexeluri replikis SeTxzva vinmem dagavalaT (raSic eWvi mepareba) Zlier sawyenia, Tu Tqveni iniciativiT gadawyviteT realuri safrTxisTvis Sirmis afareba, miT
ufro dasanania.
saerTod ki RmerTma SegindoT saqarTvelos winaSe am Tqveni naCqarevi saqcielisTvis.
1989 w.
67
fxizlad! istoriis veSapi modis*
dRes aq SevikribeT erovnul problemaze saTaTbirod.
Cveni bWoba sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis sakiTxs _ saqarTvelos
momavals Seexeba. ramdenadac me saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiris istorias vicnob, ar maxsovs am darbazSi aqamde eris
gamravlebis sakiTxebze sakamaTod Sekrebiliyvnen mwerlebi.
savse darbazi da gamomsvlelTa grZeli sia, romelic Cvens
Tavmjdomares win udevs, erTxel kidev marwmunebs imaSi, Tu
ra droulia demografiul sakiTxebze msjeloba swored imaT
mier, visac Tavis upirveles Wirisuflad Tvlis xalxi da visac istoriis winaSe eris bedisaTvis pasuxismgebloba daakisra bunebam.
Cveni gamravlebis tempi amJamad Tu sagangaSo da savalalo
ar gaxlavT, damSvidebis sababsac rodi iZleva. saqme marto
imas rodi Seexeba, moakldeba Tu ara muSaxeli xval-zeg romelime saqsov kombinats, bolos da bolos muSaxels gamoZebnian,
sakiTxi ufro rTulad dgas... Cven dResve unda CavuyaroT
safuZveli imis mtkice garantias, rom momaval saukuneebSi
rusTavels da vaJas mSobliur enaze wamkiTxveli gaumravldes, kanonieri patroni hyavdes sveticxovels da alaverds,
varZias da gelaTs...
is, rac saqarTveloSi ukanasknel wlebSi keTdeba, sasiamovnod marwmunebs, rom saqarTvelos xvalindeli dRisaTvis
brZolaSi erica da beric erTsulovanni varT. didi erovnuli saqmeebi gakeTda am bolo dros saxelovan qarTvel mweralTa iniciativiT da xalxis erTsulovani mxardaWeriT.
mxedvelobaSi maqvs mTis soflebis aRdgenis RonisZiebani,
mesxeTis gacocxleba, svaneTis mkvidrTa gadmosaxleba saqarTvelos ramdenime raionSi, dmanisis ambebi, fereidnel qarTvelTa Camosaxlebis RonisZiebani, istoriul ZeglTa movla-restavraciis masStaburi samuSaoebi...
SemiZlia sruli pasuxismgeblobiT ganvacxado, rom qarTveli mwerali dRes TvalmouxuWavad dgas Cveni erovnuli
TviTmyofobis, enis, adaT-wesebis da saerTod istoriul-eT* sityva, warmoTqmuli mweralTa kavSirSi demografiul disputze
1985 wlis 13 Tebervals.
68
nografiuli saxis SenarCunebisa da gaZlierebis saguSagoze.
Sors rom ar wavideT, dRevandel disputs win uZRoda saqme:
mxedvelobaSi maqvs `mnaTobSi~, `ciskarSi~ da `literaturul
saqarTveloSi~ axlaxan gamoqveynebuli araerTi problemuri
masala demografiul sakiTxebze.
dRes aq lamazi sityvebi saWiro ar aris. yvelas unda
gvaxsovdes, rom didi ilias saiubileo wlebia da es disputic
ilias droSis niSniT tardeba. amitomac, rogorc iliam gvianderZa, sityva saqmiani da saqme sityviani gvWirdeba, iqneb ise,
rogorc arasdros.
am maRali tribunidan unda davpirdeT xalxs, rom qarTveli mwerlebi yvelafers gavakeTebT, raTa sazogadoebrivi
azri aRvanToT im keTilSobiluri misiis gansaxorcieleblad
Cveni disputis mTavar azrs rom Seadgens. qveynis winamZRolTa mimarT Cveni keTili winadadebani ufro metad unda Seexos
mizezTa gamo gaCuqebul miwebs, dacarielebul saxlebs, stumris anabara darCenil soflebs, dedaenadaviwyebul bavSvebs,
ukeTurTa xeliT gadafxekil qarTul warwerebs da a. S.
amas winaT, `literaturul saqarTveloSi~ gamovaqveyne
novela, romelSic gulistkivils gamovTqvamdi im TiTo-orola fereidneli qarTvelis mimarT, guda-nabadi rom aikra da
ukan, iranSi dabruneba gadawyvita. ver warmoidgenT, rogor
gamaxara oriode kviris Semdeg `TbilisSi~ revaz miqelaZis
gamoxmaurebam. `ar waval!~ xmamaRla acxadebda fereidneli
kaci da misi wrfeli sityvebi Cemi upretenzio-novelis gamarjvebad CavTvale.
amas winaT Cems safosto yuTSi erTi koleqtiuri gancxadeba aRmoCnda. gancxadebas xels awers as ocdaSvidi kaci. igi
exeba moZme azerbaijanis teritoriaze, saingiloSi mcxovreb
qarTvelTa zogierT mosagvarebel problemas _ dakavSirebuls qarTuli skolebisa da istoriuli Zeglebis movlis
swrafmisaxed sakiTxebTan. me saSualeba ar mqonda am faqtebis
siswore Sememowmebina, magram Cems mwerlur movaleobad vTvli asocdaSvidi kacis xelmowerili es gancxadeba gagacnoT
da SoTa niSnianiZes vTxovo, sadac jer ars dasvas sakiTxi
ingiloTa koleqtiur gancxadebaSi CamoTvlil saqmeTa mogvarebisTvis.
1985 w.
69
diaRac, swrafi reagireba
`swrafi reagirebis mwerloba~ zogma ironiis sagnad aqcia.
Tu WeSmarit literaturazea laparaki, swrafi reagirebis
unari nakli ki ar aris _ Rirsebaa. swored rom swrafi reagirebis unaris daqveiTebas gvikiJinebda is amboxebuli Taoba, visac arcTu usafuZvlod moeCvena, rom bevri Cveni kolega movlenaTa SuagulSi ar trialebs da misi nawerebi ukan
midevnebuli lampariviT Cans im saxalxo moZraobisTvis sruliad saqarTvelo rom moicva am bolo wlebSi.
swored rom am dReebis ukvdavebaze unda vweroT. mwerlebma aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi guldagul daxveuli da sazeimo sxdomebis kulisebSi saimedod Senaxuli erovnuli droSa
unda avafrialoT da win warvuZRveT qarTvel ers, keTil da
Wkvian mrCevlebad movevlinoT xalxs urTules istoriul mosaxvevebSi.
es Cveni wmindaTa wminda valia. dayovneba da CrdilSi dgoma axla danaSauls udris.
rogorc ki WeSmariti mwerali yurs moaridebs epoqis dvritas, saero mikrofonTan maSin gaCndeba saxelis Sovnis vnebiT
anTebuli, saxalxo moZraobas adevnebuli romelime `mCxavana
kata~, romelsac sircxvilis grZnoba atrofirebuli aqvs da
Tu Tavisi mouzomavi lozungebiT xalxs ver gaiyoliebs, imas
mainc moaxerxebs, moZraobis WeSmarit liders cili daswamos
_ fiureriviT dadiso.
zogi xelmZRvaneli amxanagis sruliad ulogiko yuradRebiT ganebivrebuli zis igi sxvadasxva TaTbirze da Tavis wajeq-ukujequr funqcias mSvenivrad asrulebs, TvalebSi
Sescicinebs patrons da swored maSin daiZaxebs `sworiao~,
roca uneblied SecdomaSi Seyvanili zogi gamomsvlelis azrs
daTanxmeba ki ara, uaryofa da gasasworeblad swrafi reagireba sWirdeba.
Tu amgvar `aqtivists~ Sesafaseblad SevatovebT gasuli
wlis 22-29 noembris faqts igi axalgazrdebis mier Cadenil
erovnul gmirobas daufiqreblad gamoacxadebs gaucnobierebel, eqstremistul aqtad. mova mere SvilTmoZule funqcioneri da Tavisuflebas Sewirul umanko zvarakTa leibqveS
70
daiwyebs qeqvas rom msoflioSi Tvisi masobriobiT uprecendento SimSilobas saxeli gautexos.
veravis miscems uflebas qarTveli mwerali, amrezilad
Sexedos Cveni axalgazrdobis Tavdadebis brwyinvale magaliTs
da skamsCabRauWebul, damfrTxal amxanagTa mcdar azrs _ axalgazrdebis mier im dReebSi `Ria karebis mtvrevis Sesaxeb~
kveri daukras.
saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi ilaparakebs qarTveli kaci 22_29
noembris gmirobaze da Cven, mwerlebma yvelaferi unda gavakeToT im gmirobis ukvdavyofisTvis.
nu SegvaSinebs, batonebo, gaxSirebuli mitingebi da xalxis
mier energiuli bWoba imis dasadgenad, Tu ra gzas daadges
momavalSi.
saocari da moulodneli araferi xdeba. es is xalxi msjelobs samermiso gzebze, vinc aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi
darwmunda, rom `ZlierTa ama qveynisaTa~ mier SemoTavazebuli eqsperimentebi arcTu mTlad gonivruli aRmoCnda. bevri
xelmZRvanelis `utyuarma alRom~ Cveni qveyana ekonomikur
krizisamde da lamis sayovelTao SimSilobamde miiyvana.
rodis Semdeg iqca saxalxo gansja-msjelobebi raRac mosalodneli katastrofis niSnad? romel mitingze gaisma mowodeba; daverioT qarTvel mosaxleobas, an SevebaT tankebze
amxedrebul rusis jars da sisxli davRvaroTo?
qarTvelma dRes mSvenivrad icis, rom axla xmlis qnevis
ki ara, gonivruli moqmedebis droa _ igi eris gamoRviZebakonsolidacias, demografiul mowesrigebas, erovnuli atributebis maqsimalurad movla-SenarCunebas gulisxmobs da arc
erT im moTaves, visac zogi `amxanagi~ mtrad acxadebs, sxva
programa ara aqvs saqarTvelos movla-SenarCunebis programis garda.
maS, raSia saqme? ra nerviuli facifuci, gaxSirebuli sxdomebi da gasvla-gamosvlaa?
rac Seexeba axalgazrdebs _ measejer vimeoreb: Cven gonieri da windaxeduli axalgazrdoba gvyavs. windaxeduleba da
keTilganwyoba im axalgazrdebma erTxel kidev daamtkices maSin, rodesac aTasi ymawvilis Tavgadaklulma rudunebam keTili
nayofi gamoiRo da saRma azrma gaimarjva, isini nervebdagle-
71
jilni, SviddRiani SimSil-siciviT tanjul-gvemulni erTad
wamodgnen da male gaecalnen mTavrobis sasaxlis civ kibeebs.
da oriode kviris Semdeg is axalgazrdebi da maTi
TanamgrZnobni dasxdnen sabargo manqanebze da ubedurebadamtydar moZmeTa dasaxmareblad gaeSurnen, zogma gulubryvilo
Jurnalistma dasaRupavad ganwirul somexTa mier gamoCenili
yuradReba gaikvirva da gmirobas Seadara.
rao, sxvanair saqciels velodiT? sxvagvarad moiqceoda
daviT aRmaSeneblis mSobeli eri?
am striqonebis avtori, erTi rigiTi qarTveli, mwerali
mouwodebs Tavis mSobel xalxs im `sxva varskvlavs~ sdios iliam rom uCvena msoflio lurj caze.
aravis vurCev nebiT Tu uneblied, angariSmiucemeli sifrTxiliT Tu movlenaTa arsSi wvdomis susti unariT saSviliSvilo codva Caidinos _ win aRudges istoriis Carxis
keTil brunvas.
1989 w.
imedis naperwkali Rvivis*
iqneb ucnaurad mogeCvenoT, magram Cemi sityva molocviT minda daviwyo. milocva Cemi Seexeba ara universitetis
axladCavlil samocdaaTwlovan iubiles an Cveni mecnierebis
axal mecnierul warmatebebs, me minda madloba mogaxsenoT
gabeduli, saqmiani, patrioti axalgazrdobis aRzrdisaTvis,
xolo mSvenieri axalgazrdobis moZRvris roli, mogexsenebaT, yvelaze sapatio da Rirseuli garantiaa im siamayisaTvis,
riTac Tqven ase welgamarTulni mobrZandiT konferenciaze.
aq ukve iTqva da aRar gavimeoreb, rom uaRresad rTul
epoqas ganvicdiT, Tvisobrivad axal saqarTveloSi vcxovrobT. vinc 12 noembers ipodromze 20-aTasian mitings eswre* 1988 wlis 16 noembers Tsu partkonferenciaze warmoTqmuli sityva.
72
boda dameTanxmeba, rom axalgazrdoba devis nabijiT miiwevs
win. saqarTvelos movlis axal formaTa Ziebis gzaze da Cven
ZalTa araCveulebrivi mobilizeba mogviwevs, raTa Cvens Svilebs win Tu ver gavuZRvebiT, maT mxardamxar mainc viaroT.
diax, studentebi, Cven rom ramdenime wlis winaT politikur indiferentizms da gulgrilobas vukiJinebdiT, erTbaSad
aRimarTnen Cven win saxalxo frontis mebrZolebad, sxvadasxva formaluri da araformaluri patriotuli fraqciebis
wevrebad, saxalxo moZraobis burjebad.
gaxsovT, rogor SegvakrTo am jiutTvaleba gazrdilebis pirvelma mitingebma, TiTqosda Zilburanidan gamogvixmo axalgazrdebis mtkice nebam, jer 1978 wlis 14 aprils,
roca isini erTsulovnad gadaefarnen qarTul enas da sul
axlaxan daviT garejs rom gars Semoewyvnen da ganacxades,
saldaTis Ceqmas ar gavaTelinebTo mamapapaTa wminda savanes.
ras eubnebian qveyanas Cveni axalgazrda moqadageni? damerwmuneT arafers, iseTs Cvens sulSi SiSis krToma rom dabadon,
an CinovnikTa warbSekvriTi mzera daimsaxuron.
ras amboben da mogvwyindao yalbi dapirebebi da aRar
gvakmayofilebso naxevraddemokratia da naxevradsajarooba,
moeSviTo stumarTa sasiamovnod aramSobliur enaze krebaTaTbirebis Catarebas, gaufrTxildiTo pirovnebis Rirsebebs, saqarTvelos miwas aRar ZaluZso saeWvod gamravlebul
stumarTa rCena. vinZlo Tavis miwas daubrundeso, sxvis miwas gaCveuli ltolvili. Tu droze ar mivxedeT Cvens saqmes,
frTebs isxamso saqarTvelos usisxlod, demografiuli dapyrobis avbediTi gegma.
nu dagvaRonebs, Zvirfaso megobrebo, axalgazrdebis zrdilobiani sayveduri da nurc Cvenken momarTuli ironiuli
mzera gvafiqrebinebs, rom isini, vis mxrebzec dRes erovnuli
brZolis tvirTi devs, Cvens wvlils ugulebelhyofen, an Cvens
rudunebas daiviwyeben, rac axla xdeba, revoluciuri gardaqmnebis sruliad bunebrivi procesi gaxlavT, qveyanas aRar ZaluZs Zveleburad cxovreba. axalgazrda kaci mesiis mantiiT
dadis qveyanaze da, rasakvirvelia, eCveneba, rom brZolaSi xels
uSlis, vinc simSvidisa da moTminebisaken mouwodebs.
73
Cvenma axalgazrdobam ar SeiZleba ar icodes, rom es Cven
aRvzardeT maTSi movlenaTa kritikuli xedvis unari da polemisturi suli. Cven SevaZuleT pirovnebis daTrgunvis Zirmompali instituti da patriotuli aRtkinebiTac Cven gavmsWvaleT maTi sufTa suli.
ZalTa mosinjvis, yoymanis, usagno Segonebis etapi ukve
ganvlilia. Cveni adgili axla moZraobis SuagulSia da maswavlebelTa ganze gadgoma im ubadruki moZRvris bedSi Cagvagdebs, TviT rom Tavs uSvela da axalmezRvaurni ukompasod da
uniCbebod gaswira.
axla mTavaria, ar CamovrCeT cxovrebas da Cvenma konservatulma profesiam mecnierul salonTa mSvidi yuradRebisaken ar gagvityuos. yoveldRiurad SevxvdeT da vesaubroT
studentebs mimdinare momentze, moveSvaT leqciis medaviTnur, monologur formas da gabedulad gadavideT leqciadialogze, ar gaveqceT mwvave problemebze kamaTs, ar mivatovoT samitingod SeRerili Cveni axalgazrda megobrebi.
gulSematkivris uSualobiT unda SevxvdeT students da
ara profesoris mentoruli toniT, nu gagvaRizianebs TviTmarTvelobisaken studentTa swrafva. mere ra vuyoT, Tu
leqtoris arCevis axirebul survils gulubryvilobis elferi dahkravs, samagierod TviTmarTvelobis instituti damoukideblobisaTvis brZolis gamoxatulebaa, damoukidebloba da TavisTavadoba ki, mogexsenebaT, ra deficiti iyo Cveni
Taobis cxovrebaSi.
axla, roca saxalxo moZraoba xSir SemTxvevaSi, umarTavi
xdeba, yovelgvari administraciuli Careva daSoSminebis nacvlad ukuSedegs gamoiRebs. axalgazrdobasTan pirispir unda
davdgeT.
vinc axla xelis gadabrunebis, Cxrekis, SantaJis, wajikavebis, damuqrebis meTods mimarTavs, usaTuod damarcxdeba,
radganac Cven winaSe is axalgazrdebi aRar arian, vis sulsac
zeimomaniiT avsebdnen. amaTi arc daSineba SeiZleba da arc
yalbi daficebiT dawynareba. axalgazrdobasTan Cveni urTierTobis erTaderTi gza rCeba: _ darwmunebis, ndobis meTodi.
modiT, Cveni mdgomareobis Seryevis ambiciuri fiqri nu
Cagvadeninebs miutevebel codvas _ axalgazrdobas swori gzidan nu gadavaxvevinebT.
74
isini Cvengan Semweobas da Tanadgomas elian da nu daayovnebT.
saqarTvelos momavali saimedo xelSia. Cvens yurebs Tavisuflebis Soreuli guguni askdeba.
gaumarjos imedis jiut naperwkals!
1988 w.
mZime jvari erTad vzidoT
upartio gaxlavarT da arc arasodes arc erT partiaSi ar
Seval. mwerali zemodan unda dahyurebdes movlenebs, miukerZoebli da obieqturi unda iyos. partiis wevroba mainc CarCoSi
gaqcevs, gboWavs. meCveneba, rom sawyali saxeebiT gamoiyurebian axlac Cemi kolegebi sxvadasxva partiuli mRvimeebidan.
me ki Tavisufali kaci var, rasac minda vwer da vambob.
`partiuli principebi~, rogorc xedavT, absoluturad
mdgradi da erTxel da samudamod Camoyalibebuli ar gaxlavT. ar SeiZleba romelime `partiul mosaxvevze~ sinanulis
grZnobam ar Segipyros da ar gaifiqro: qva mekoda da netav
am partiaSi ar Sevsuliyavio. mwerali, akakis Tqmisa ar iyos,
`maRla mfreni~ unda iyos.
faqtia, saqarTvelos axlandeli, Zveli termini rom vixmaroT, politikuri xelmZRvanelobis masobrivi literaturuloba.
diax, magram isini liderebi gaxlavT da Tanac, maTi mTavari saqme politikaa. ase ineba gangebam, magram iyo partiis
wevri imisaTvis, raTa TvalSi Sescicinebde lider mamas da
misi ideebis popularizatori iyo, erTob mosawyen da damamcirebel saqmed mimaCnia mwerlisTvis. saerTod, sxvadasxva
partias Soris morbenal damarqafebul Cems zogierT kolegas
minda Sevaxseno: rom dadgnen, dacxrnen, meti fasi da wona miscen TavianT sityvas.
partiuli tribunidan gana ara aqvs sityvas fasi da wona?
Tavidanve partiuli orientacia aiRo ramdenime literatorma
da dRes parlamentis wevrebad mogvevlinen, qveyanas marTaven.
75
gaumarjos maTs alRoianobas da politikur simtkices,
magram meSinia dro rom gava parlamentSi moRvaweoba SemoqmedebisaTvis dakargul drod ar CaTvalon TviTonve. saerTod ki me, zemoT, ufro im partiul mwerlebs vgulisxmob
erTdroulad `aqac~ rom iyvnen da `iqac~. diliT rom oficiozis magidas usxdnen da saRamoTi mitingisaken garbodnen
sityvis saTqmelad; mere komunisturma xomaldma CaZirva rom
daiwyo, virTxebiviT rom dafacurdnen: `ariqa iqneb gadavrCeTo~ erTdroulad orive mxares iyares kenWi, axla uxeiro patarZaliviT mTaze cekvaven, arc iqeTa mxare umadliT da arc
aqeTa. saerTod ki, Tu Zalian gvian ar aris, igavis melias
naTqvami gaixsenon: `SarSan rac viTamaSe, isic mimZims, araTu
axla gamovide da viTamaSoo~.
mwerlis Wkua-goneba politikosisas bevrad sjobs. gnebavT
zviad gamsaxurdias magaliTi movisminoT.
rogor moxda, rom imperiis istoriaSi mxolod saqarTveloSi Catarda mravalpartiuli arCevnebi?
zviad gamsaxurdiam kremls WkuiT ajoba. genialurad gaTvala gzebi da partokratias saqarTveloSi mSvidad aarTva Zalaufleba ise, rom gons mosvla ar acala.
rac Seexeba mravalpartiul arCevnebs, zviadma maSin ajoba
gorbaCov-SevardnaZe-gumbariZis politikas roca samtrediaSi
rkinigza gadaketa.
maSin bevrma qarTvelmac ki sisuleled da mavneblobad gamoacxada es nabiji.
zviadma icoda rasac akeTebda. am radikaluri RonisZiebiT,
man mravalpartiuli arCevnebi gamoglija kremls da samocdaaTwlovan partiul gangsterizmSi gamowrTobili urCxuli Tavissave ankesze wamoago.
mere morevSi uTavbolod afarTxalebul komunistebs,
bolo wyali arCevnebis SedegebiT aylapa da pirjvris gadauweravad gauSva fskerisken.
gumbariZis `avtoritetiT~ daimedebuli kremli arc da
aramc ar fiqrobda, rom komunistebi am arCevnebSi Caflavdebodnen. gumbariZec darwmunebuli iyo, rom gaimarjvebda. TavianT prognozSi erTi wuTiT eWvi rom SeetanaT, gumbariZe da
misi razmi sxva zomebs mimarTavdnen. isini varaudobdnen Ti-
76
To-orola energiuli lideris gadeputatebas da xalxisTvis
TvalSi nacris Seyras iseTive gulisamrevi, cru parlamentiT,
rogoric iyo am samocdaaTi wlis manZilze da gansakuTrebiT
gaRviZebul saqarTveloSi, roca parlamentis sxdomebs saocari moCvenebiTobiT, yalbi fusfusiT da kurdRlis gambedaobiT warmarTavda gumbariZe.
vinme, qarTul saqmeebSi Cauxedavs gumbariZis da gamsaxurdias parlamentebis videoCanawerebi rom vaCvenoT, advili
SesaZlebelia, ufro demokratiulad pirveli miiCnios. aq
daxvewili meTodebiT, diplomatiuri manerebiT ityuebodnen.
aq ki, Cveni, diplomatiaSi jer gamoucdeli megobrebi cota
naCqarevi, cota bolomde gauazrebeli, magram ZiriTadad
swori nabijebiT cdiloben gaikvlion gza, rogorc batoni
konstantine ityoda: `istoriis usier tevrSi.~
ra Tqma unda, ar momwons zogi deputatis mier ama Tu im
piris dapatimrebisaken mowodeba.
ar momwons zogi deputatis TviTdajerebuli siTamame da
isic, rom `me vfiqrob~, `iqneb vcdebode~, `xom ar ajobebda~
sruliad gaqra misi leqsikonidan. mikvirs, saidan movida demagogiuri `me ase minda~ zogi deputatis xmaSi? rao, me var da
Cemi nabadio? ar gamova ase, saqarTvelos alikaps ukve veRaravin amosdebs. me arc is momewona, zviad gamsaxurdia alternativis gareSe rom airCies. im darbazSi xom ar iyo Tavmjdomared zviadis vergasvlis saSiSroeba. mTels saqarTveloSi
rom eyaraT misTvis kenWi, darwmunebuli var, gaimarjvebda.
amitom, ra saWiro iyo TiTqmis iseTive aCqareba, rogorc gumbariZis arCevis dros? zviadi xom eris aRiarebuli lideria,
gumbariZe ki kompartiis mier amotivtivebuli, romelsac arasodes araviTari avtoriteti ar umagrebda zurgs? simarTle
giTxraT, me arc yvela ministris erT dRes gadarCeva momewona.
me arc is momewona, xandaxan sesiaze sakiTxis kenWis sayrelad dasma rom aviwydebodaT, arc is momewona, rom gumbariZes mikrofoni gamourTes, arc is momewona, rom komisiebTan
SeuTanxmeblad gamoitanes ministrTa kandidaturebi da mere
Sesveneba gamoacxades, raTa komisiebs `emsjelaT~ kandidaturebis Rirsianobaze. xedavT, ramdeni ram ar momwonebia. magram ra vqna axla, amis gamo, guSin dabadebul uzenaes sabWos
boikoti gamovucxado da saSimSilod davjde?
77
kargi iyo `axali opozicia~ SimSilobaze ar gaxseneboda.
me SiSiTa da ZrwoliT Cavivlidi xolme operis baRTan da
vfiqrobdi: RmerTo, nuTu araferi ar Seicvala, nuTu mTeli
Cveni erovnuli moZraoba mxolod ZalauflebisaTvis xelis
gadaweva da piradi, ganawyenebis gamo ambiciuri qiCmaCia-meTqi.
saqarTvelos xelmZRvanelobs xalxis mier arCeuli
erovnul-gamaTavisufebeli moZraobis erTi bloki, _ mravalpartiul arCevnebSi gamarjvebuli. gana es ar iyo yvela Cvenganis ocneba? gana es ar aris Cveni mitingebisa da Wapanwyvetis, cxra aprilisa da masobrivi demonstraciebis Sedegi da
erovnuli brZolis pirveli etapis brwyinvale dasasruli? ai,
rogor SeiZleboda konfrontaciis Tavidan acileba: pirvl
dReebSi gamarjvebul sabWos ena ki ar unda gamoeyo kongresisTvis, unda moeTavmdablebina da aeRo iniciativa saerTo
komisiebis, saerTo samuSao jgufebis Sesaqmnelad. zogi mebrZolis yaCaRad gamocxadebam da maSveli razmis daSlisken
mowodebam ra xeiri daayara Cveni erT muStad Sekvris, gaerTianebis saqmes? CemTvis rom ekiTxaT (Tumca vin ras gkiTxavs, dRes yvelas hgonia, rom WeSmaritebis gasaRebi mxolod
TviTon udevs jibeSi da RmerTma damifaros amis gamo gulisdawyvetisagan), imTaviTve vuxmobdi `ganawyenebuls~ da
ararsebuli, magram usaTuod Sesaqmneli qarTuli laSqris
erT-erT Tavkacad gamovacxadebdi, xolo mis `SiSvel razms~
im laSqris erT-erT SenaerTad. aTas viginadaras varCenT
Cven da laSqris rCena ratom unda gagvWirveboda? maSin xom
erovnuli mebrZoli iyo, roca afxazeTSi, oseTSi, marneulSi
da sxva cxel wertilebSi tyvias uSverda mkerds? gvekadreba
Cven mwerali da profesori kacis banditad gamocxadeba, rogorc televiziam Seircxvina Tavi im dReebSi? viaroT erTmaneTis warsuli Secdomebis wamoZaxebis gziT? Tu xeli CavWidoT erTmaneTs da Ze Secdomilic ki naTel, swor gzaze
gamoviyvanoT? kaci, romelic TofiT gicavs, raRa Tqma unda,
mogTxovs saban-baliSsac da sakvebsac. aba, veluri TafliTa da kaliebiT mxolod ioane winaswarmetyveli ikvebeboda
amqveynad, xolo qristec ki mSvenivrad miirTmevda zogjer
purs meZavebTan da mebaJeebTan, ratom unda hkras saxelmwifom xeli (da ulukmapurod, kardakar saTxovnelad gaswiros)
78
qarTuli jaris am patara Canasaxs? rac Seexeba medroveebs,
xelismoTbobis msurvelebs da tura-melebs, isini kongresmaSvel razmSic aRmoCnebian da mrgval magidasac Seafareben
Tavs. amitom, me vfiqrob, sazogadoebam swori pozicia, oqros
zomiereba unda airCios, Serigebisken unda mouwodos orive
mxares. kongresi oficialuri xelmZRvaneli organo ar aris,
igi erovnuli moZraobis sakoordinacio tribunis funqcias
jerdeba, magram xom ar SeiZleba me, Seni TanamebrZoli, gamarjvebulma blokma sruliad ignorirebulmyo? gana erTad ar
vibrZodiT. erTad ar visxediT cixeebSi? erTad ar viwvnieT
komunisturi reJimis maTraxebi? gana politikaSi butiaoba
da waRmaukuRma yvancali sakadrisia? dRes Sena xar saTaveSi,
xval, iqneb, me aRmovCnde. keTili unda vineboT da erTmaneTis
azrs angariSi gavuwioT, yvelafers rom Tavi gavaneboT, inteligentoba da Cveni saerTo mizani moiTxovs amas, saerTod
ki Cveni movaleobaa amJamad yvelani davirazmoT axali parlamentis irgvliv da davexmaroT, xarvezze mivuTiToT, kargi
movuwonoT, mxarSi amovudgeT.
da mainc gamarTlebulia Tu ara SimSilobani da aSkara dapirispireba kongresis mxridan?
RmerTma nu qnas, axla axalarCeuli uzenaesi sabWos xelisuflebis saTaveSi yofnas saSiSroeba daemuqros. Tu dekembris
SimSiloba masobriv xasiaTs miiRebda, Tu adamianTa didi jgufis sicocxles safrTxe daemuqreboda, zviad gamsaxurdias
sxva gza ar darCeboda _ unda gadamdgariyo, da gaakeTebda
kidec amas. zviadi is kaci ar aris, Tanamdebobas CaebRauWos.
es iqneboda didi erovnuli ubedureba da aSkara anarqiis dasawyisi saqarTveloSi. Cven msoflios davumtkicebdiT Cvens
uzneobas da imas, rom Tavisuflebis Rirsi ar vyofilvarT.
cota xanSi, albaT, mrgvali magida daiwyebda SimSils da kongress aiZulebda gadadgomas, mere kongresi gamocxadebda SimSils da kvlav aiRebda sadaveebs. saboloo jamSi ki qarTveli
eri iSimSilebda, sxva aravin. mere `ra ornive daRalulnis~
igavi ganmeordeboda, moskovi ufro Ronivrad mogvkidebda
pirs da amiT damTavrdeboda yvelaferi.
madloba RmerTs, saRma azrma gaimarjva.
moskovi, SemTxveviT ar mixsenebia.
79
diax, moskovi! erTi wuTiTac ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom Cven,
dapyrobili qveyana varT, kacma rom Tqvas, moskovi arc gvaviwyebs amas. miuxedavad imisa, rom komunisturi mmarTveloba,
mrgvali magidis mmarTvelobiT Seicvala, moskovs erTi wuTiTac ar Seucvlia Tavisi damokidebuleba saqarTvelos mimarT.
Cven kvlav kolonia varT, Tavs nurvin moityuebs, aqedan gamomdinareobs zviad gamsaxurdias mTavrobis yvela siZnele. yvelam
unda warmoidginos Tavi axla mis adgilze da imperiis veSapis
pirispir dadges. ai, maSin gamoCndeba, vin rogori biWia. saqarTveloSi dampyrobTa jari dgas, romelic qoriviT giTvalTvalebs. nuTu vinme fiqrobs, rom `gardamavali periodi~, kargi cxovrebis gamo gamovacxadeT? sxva gza ara gvaqvs. imperia
brWyalebs ar gviSvebs, sanam bolomde ar daingreva, dRevandelma uzenaesma sabWom istoriis pirveli mZime dartyma Tavis
Tavze aiRo da am mxriv igi `gantevebis vacis~ mdgmareobaSic
kia. zviad gamsaxurdia ki ara, mamazecieri ver gamokvebavs uaxloes wlebSi ekonomikamoSlil saqarTvelos, romelsac Jurnalist merab beraZis Tqmisa ar iyos _ `qarTulad surs imuSaos
da amerikulad icxovros~. amitomac, xval ufro gamravldeba
axali uzenaesi sabWos muSaobiT ukmayofiloTa ricxvi. obivatelisTvis xom kuWia mTavari, ase rom, nuravis SegSurdebaT
dRevandeli xelmZRvanelobis bedi. isini yovelTvis ver gvitydebian, Torem iZulebiTia is xelSekrulebanic axla calkeul
mokavSire respublikebTan rom ideba.
gana es, isev imperiis ekonomikur kabalaSi darCenas ar
niSnavs? vis ar urCevnia igive xelSekrulebebi inglisTan,
germaniasTan da amerikasTan davdoT? magram Cven Cvens Tavs
ar vekuTvniT, moskovi ki gasaqans ar gvaZlevs. ra viRonoT?
ra Tqma unda, dinebas ar unda mivyveT, damoukideblobisaken
svla gavagrZeloT, magram ise ki ara, rom naban wyals bavSvic gadavayoloT. bevrs ecadnen Cveni axalarCeuli ministrebi imperiis saministroebidan izolirebulad warmoedginaT
Tavi, magram ar gamovida. erT-erT axalgazrda Zalian simpaTiur ministrs, romelsac me gansakuTrebiT mxars vuWer
Tavisi Tavazianobisa da rainduli Tvisebebis gamo, kremlma,
amas winaT pirdapir gamoucxada: Tu moskovSi saswrafod ar
gamocxaddebi dasamtkiceblad, ianvridan Seni uwyebis verc
daucvelobis damamcirebeli grZnoba! wignebSic ki ar
wamikiTxavs sikeTis mimarT iseTi Zaladoba, rac sabWoTa imperiaSi xdeba, dRisiT-mzisiT sakuTar ezoSi givardebian gadamTielni da tyvias gesvrian. imperatori ki mSvidad brZanebs:
dauTmeT, pataraa, nu awyeninebT. TavisuflebisaTvis brZolaSi garTul xalxs xelmwifem cecxli da maTraxi ar akmara
_ guSinwin Zlivs mbJutavi, ekonomikuri wyaro, sicocxlis
arteriac gadauWra, rom sabolood daemtkicebina misTvis _
mona xar da monurad amogxdio suls.
80
6. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
erTi TanamSromeli xelfass ver miiRebso. arada mis uwyebaSi
aTiaTasobiT kaci muSaobs.
dRes saqarTvelos xelisuflebis mTavar, gadaudebel
saqmed mimaCnia ori ram: ekonomikuri problemebis gawyveta,
anu saqarTvelos gamoyvana SimSilis Cixidan da erovnuli
fenomenis gaZliereba.
ras vgulisxmob erovnuli fenomenis gaZlierebaSi?
SarSan sami dRis ganmavlobaSi azerbaijanma da somxeTma
istoriaSi udidesi naxtomi gaakeTes. orive am qveyanas aTasi
wliT garantirebuli aqvs arseboba. saqarTveloSi ki, Tu axlave zomebi ar miviReT, Cveni stumari erebis gadamkide, 50
wlis Semdeg qarTvel prezidents veRar avirCevT. prezidenti
iqiT iyos, Cvens Svilebs saqarTvelo aRar eqnebaT. asi wlis
Semdeg saqarTveloSi qarTveli or aTeul procentamde dava,
dRes ki saqarTveloSi ormoci procenti stumari cxovrobs.
ara somxur-azerbaijanuli meTodiT, aramed, rogorc gvCvevia, mSvidobiani darwmunebTi meTodiT. stumar erTa Warbi
mosaxleoba Tavis samSobloSi unda gavaciloT, ra gulic
ar unda gvwydebodes SeCveul stumrebze, Cven sxva gza ara
gvaqvs. amas emsaxureba sazogadoeba `Tvistomic~, romelsaac
me vxelmZRvanelob. zviads erovnuli fenomenis gaZlierebis
ufro daxvewili meTodebi aqvs. ase rom, am punqtSi me misi
TanamebrZoli viqnebi bolomde.
1990 w.
`parlamentis saqmianobas imediT vuyureb~
81
pirovnebis Tavisuflebis amgvari xelyofa, albaT, msoflios arc erT saxelmwifoSi ar momxdara. es aranaklebi danaSaulia, vidre Tbilisis, baqos an baltiispireTis sisxliani
terori. es gaxlavT aSkara bandituri konfiskacia imisa, rac
pirovnebas, vin icis, iqneb Savi dRisTvis mTeli sicocxlis
ganmavlobaSi ugrovebia. jer erTi, Tu es RonisZieba, marTlac asmaneTianebis da ormocdaaTmaneTianebis Sesacvlelad
iyo Cafiqrebuli, gamovacxadebdi adamianurad, erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi gadaaxurdaveT mSvidad es fulio. ra SuaSi iyo samdRiani maraToni, rasac ukve mohyva uamravi adamianis infarqti? aranakleb jibgirulia dadgenilebis meore nawili: jer
mimityue bankSi, fuls saimedod Seginaxavo, axla Cems kuTvnilebas veto daade da meubnebi, Tu Wkvianad iqnebi, TveSi
xuTas maneTs gadmogigdeb, Tu ara da saerTod Seayole aqedano. adamiani fuls bankSi imitom inaxavs, rom `raskolnikovebma~ Tavi ar gautexon. vTqvaT, mtrisas da avisas, gardaicvala, an, RmerTma mogvimravlos, Svilis qorwili aqvs, sad
sdios an ramden xans sdios xuTasmaneTobiT Tavis saqorwino,
an saqelexo Tanxas? aviRoT yvelaferze xeli? vin mogyidis
bazarSi indaurs gadaricxviT? SeiZleba kacs hkiTxo, es fuli
sad iSoveo? rogorc premierma pavlovma gamogvicxada? iqneb
niZlavebs igebs, iqneb babuamisma memkvidreobad dautova, vin
gkiTxavs Sen? sxvaTa Soris Sroma-gasworebis koloniebSi jixurebia, sadac marili, sigareti Saqari iyideba, iqac ki patimrebs ar ekiTxebian, fuli saidan gaqvso, nuTu aravis esmis,
rom imperiis xelisuflebam amiT sabolood moiWra Tavi?
nuTu yvelafris atana da moTmena SeiZleba?
uzenaesi sabWos erT qarTvel deputats vesaubre axlaxan.
ratom ar dgebiT da ar uCvenebT karebisaken baltiispireTis
jalaTs da bankis `reformators~-meTqi. iciT, ra mipasuxa?
meSinia, marto davrCebio. Sen ar ici, ra siyvaruliT Sescqerian da gauTavebel abdaubdaze taSs ukraveno. aba, ar gewyinos da gasareki yofila Tqveni parlamenti-meTqi. eWvi ar
meparebao.
rac Seexeba maneTis warTmevas, unda giTxraT, rom imperatoris am nabijs sazRvargareTmac Seuwyo xeli. xom gaxsovs,
ra dumilis pozicia airCia gorbaCovze Seyvarebulma dasav-
82
leTma Tbilisis ambebis gamo, ra xelgawvdili dadioda
prunskene prezidentebis karze _ damexmareTo da moskovis
xaTriT groSic aravin misca.
axla baltiispireTis sisxlian kvalze araerTma qveyanam
gadaxeda ssrk imperiisTvis daxmarebis politikas. es raki
igrZno gorbaCovma, `sabWoTa adamianis~ gaZarcva daiwyo.
dasavleTs rom droze ecno (an axla icnos) TavisuflebisaTvis mebrZoli respublikebis survili da imperiidan maTi gasvlisTvis mxari daeWira, gorbaCovi amas ver gabedavda.
axlac araa gvian, civilizebulma msofliom unda gvicnos
Cven calke, imperiisagan damoukideblad da, Tu ekonomikuri
daxmareba surs, pirdapir Cven dagvexmaros, moskovis mier gatexili Wadi Cvenamde arc aRwevs da arc gvinda.
Cven ukve Rrma ekonomikur blokadaSi ara varT? ubralod
ar gamoucxadebia: saqarTvelos ekonomikur blokadaSi vaqcevo, magram brmis colis sikvdilisa ar iyos, Cven ver vxedavT,
ra gvWirs? gadaxedeT Cvens energetikas, sursaTs, rigebs sabanko salaroebTan. meti raRa blokada ginda?
saqarTvelo didi erovnul-saxelmwifoebrivi Zvrebis viTarebaSi yovelTvis poulobda gamosavals. darwmunebuli
var, saqarTvelo ar aRigveba pirisagan miwisa, magram amisaTvis didi garja mogviwevs. saqarTvelos SenarCunebisaTvis
samkvdro-sasicocxlo omSi dResve yvelani unda CavebaT.
imperiis ngrevas usaTuod mohyveba teritoriaTa gadanawileba. es procesi ukve daiwyo. gaixseneT SarSandeli somxeT-azerbaijanis ambebi, axla Cveni jeri dadga. Cven `mezoblebi~ ar gvapatieben, rom msoflio civilizaciis upirveles
erTa Soris vdgavarT da marTlac rom RvTivkurTxeul teritoriaze vcxovrobT.
daukvirdiT ra xdeba? Tu davujerebT saqarTvelos
stumar erTa da maTs sazRvargaRmel mxardamWerTa xmebs,
Cven, qarTvelebs, saqarvelos miwaze erTi mtkavelic ar gvekuTvnis. gadamTielni, visi kulturis kvalic odnavac ar aCnia aqaurobas (saqarTvelos dRevandel teritoriaze 27 aTasi
qarTuli materialuri kulturis Zeglia da ucxo eris arc
erTi Zegli ar aris), simpoziumebs da mitingebs marTaven da
Cvens teritorias ocnebaSi inawileben. maT rom kiTxo, Tavi-
83
anTi mama-papis miwa-wyals ibruneben da saqarTveloSi gamogonil, mikrosaxelmwifoebs qmnian.
saSveli?
saSvels sworad miagno uzenaesi sabWos sesiam, ukanono
avtonomiebis gauqmeba da saqarTvelos moqalaqis statusis
SemoReba.
amas winaT Cvenma sazogadoebam `Tvistomma~ gamoaqveyna
gancxadeba, romelSic xazgasmiT iyo naTqvami, rom stumar erTa
gamravlebis tempiT Tu vimsjelebT, sul raRac as weliwadSi
saqarTveloSi qarTvelebi umciresobaTa Soris aRmovCnebiT.
es rom ar moxdes, Cven dauyovnebliv unda gavamagroT saqarTvelos sazRvrebi, aRar unda davuSvaT ucxo tomis warmomadgenelTa saqarTveloSi masobrivad, mudmiv sacxovreblad
Camosvla. amave dros, erTxel da samudamod yurebi unda
gamovifxikoT da Warb araqarTvel mosaxleobas movuwodoT,
dabrundnen TavianT samSobloSi.
didi imediT vuyureb saqarTvelos uzenaesi sabWos saqmianobas. sami Tvec ar aris, rac Cveni parlamenti moqmedebs da
ukve xelTa gvaqvs qarTveli kacis natvris amxdeneli ramdenime dokumenti. ara mgonia, patara saqme iyos, saqarTveloSi
sabWoTa konstituciis moqmedebis SeCereba, axal samokavSireo xelSekrulebaze uaris Tqma komunisturi dResaswaulebis
gauqmeba, amnistiis gamocxadeba, samxreT oseTis araknonieri
avtonomiis gauqmeba, erovnuli gvardiis Seqmna, saokupacio imperiul armiaSi qarTveli axalgazrdebis gawvevaze uaris Tqma...
saqarTvelom Tavisi neba ukve gamoxata amaswinandeli
arCevnebiT. axla igi iTmens SimSilsa da sicives, rakiRa darwmunebulia, rom qveyana swori gziT midis, Tu darwmunda qarTveli eri, rom parlaments imaze meti eSleba, vidre sapatieblad sakmarisi an asatania, igi TviTve gaakeTebs axal
arCevans da misi arCevani Seuvali da saboloo iqneba. saboloo
daskvnis gasakeTeblad ki droa saWiro. wiwilebs Semodgomaze
iTvlian. Tu xelisuflebam erTi xeliT qveynis saWe atara,
da meore xeliT sakuTari kabinetis karebis gamagreba daiwyo, ariqa, opozicionerebi ar Semomicvivdneno, damerwmuneT,
Cvenve ar viqnebiT marTali, aseT viTarebaSi mTavrobas uSecdomo, brZnuli saqmianoba movTxovoT.
84
rac Seexeba opozicias, igi yvela demokratiul qveyanaSi arsebobs da CvenSic unda arsebobdes. opozicia aRviZebs
sazogadoebriv azrs, xelisuflebas modunebis, Tvlemis saSualebas ar aZlevs. opoziciam unda icodes Tavisi adgili.
unda Seignos, rom igi kanonieri xelisuflebis opoziciaa da
sxva araferi. amitomac is unda iqceodes, rogorc qveynis Svelis mosurne, parlamenturi, demokratiuli opozicia iqceva.
SexedulebaTa dapirispireba ZalTa dapirispirebaSi ar unda
gadaizardos. me reaqciuli, ambiciuri, Zalis poziciis mqone
opoziciis winaaRmdegi var. Cems pirad azrs Tavze aravis vaxvev, magram ver daveTanxmebi opoziciis zogierTi warmomadgenlis ironiul qirqils dRevandeli parlamentis saqmianobaze
da verc energiul `svlebs~ misi guSindeli TanamebrZolebis
saxelis gasatexad. gaugebaria CemTvis zogierTi razmelis
`vaJkacoba~ rusTavelis prospeqtze da televizia-stambis
SesasvlelebTan, maSin, roca saqarTvelos erTgulebis damtkicebis, sxva ukeTesi asparezi arsebobs samaCabloSi, sadac
udanaSaulo qarTvelTa sisxli umowyalod iRvreba aRviraxsnil eqstremistTa mier. Tqven iciT, me mSvidobiani TanamSromlobis momxre var da pirvelma vusayvedure zog deputats
gamaRizianebeli gamosvlebis gamo, magram axla me TviTon
maRizianebs mavanTa Wirveuloba da asfaltis raindoba, roca
saqarTvelos WeSmaritad uWirs.
Znelze Znelia, magram TandaTanobiT unda davusxlteT imperiul ekonomikur kabalas da rogorme evropis ekonomikur
wrebrunvaSi CaverToT.
TurqeTis miyruebuli soflebis maRaziaSi iyideba is, rac
belgiisa da italiis didi qalaqebis savaWroebSi, im ubralo
mizezis gamo, rom TurqeTi saerTo evropul maraqaSia gareuli.
gamocdebiT sarfs da Tqven winaSe aRimarTeba imperiis kedeli,
romelic evropisaken gaxedvis saSualebasac ar gaZlevs.
saWiroa meti kontaqtebi arasabWoTa samyarosTan. raki
savaluto kontaqtebis saSualeba jer ar gagvaCnia, saqonlis
gacvla-gamocvlis doneze mainc viTanamSromloT. saqarTvelo patara qveyanaa da iseTi bunebrivi simdidreebi, nedleuli gaaCnia, rom misi Wkvianuri realizebis SemTxvevaSi Tavs
mSvenivrad irCens.
85
usamarTlobaa Sromisadmi Cvens gulgril damokidebulebaze
wamdauwum, niSnismogebiTi saubari. naxeT, ra didebulia qarTveli kaci Tavis karmidamoSi. ra cibrutiviT trialebs da Sromis
saswaulebs axdens. Tu bevrma maTgama muqTad Sromaze uari Tqva,
ver gaamtyuneb, kolmeurneoba da nawilobriv `sabWoTa meurneobac~ sxvisi naSromis miTvisebis klasikuri formaa.
SevardnaZis problema, CemTvis, rogorc qarTveli kacisTvis, ar arsebobsa. sabWoTa imperiis niWier sagareo saqmeTa
ministrs, kremlSi misi yofnis ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi,
saqarTvelosken keTili TvaliT ar gamouxedavs. erTxel Caeria (9 aprils) saqarTvelos saqmeSi da vai am Carevas. SevardnaZes unda scodnoda, rom imperia mas erTgul samsaxurs ar
daufasebda da arc rusi Sovinistebi apatiebdnen qarTvelobas.
Cemgan ar eswavleba eduard SevardnaZes, rom kaci, upirveles
yovlisa, Tavisi erisTvis gaweuli samsaxuriT fasdeba. Cveni
`Ze SecTomili~, albaT, adre Tu gvian, Cvenve dagvibrundeba,
magram usafuZvlo iyo fiqric imaze, rom igi, kremlis mier
xeldasxmuli, oficialur pirad mogvevlineboda.
saqarTvelo is saqarTvelo aRar aris e. SevardnaZem rom
datova ramdenime wlis winaT. saqarTvelos axla hyavs Tavisi,
mravalpartiulobis principebze arCeuli parlamenti, amitom
sasacilod meCveneboda Wori SevardnaZis prezidentad movlinebaze, fiqric ki imaze, rom saqarTvelo axladarCeul parlaments gadairCevda da prezidentad komunist SevardnaZes
airCevda. sxva ra rCeboda? iqneb orjonikiZis msgavsad rusis
jars SemoZRoloda saqarTvelosaTvis Wkuis saswavleblad?
SevardnaZe orjonkiZisagan Tavisi didi gamWriaxobiT da
SorsmxedvelobiT gansxvavdeba, amitomac amas ar Caidenda da
Tavis saxels saukuneebSi sawyevlad, SesaCveneblad ar daugdebda STamomavlobas. sxvaTa Soris, SevardnaZis gafrTxileba, diqtatura modiso, ministris codvaTa gamosyidvis gzaze
did nabijad mimaCnia.
rac Seexeba `valmoxdili ministris~ Tavis miwaze sacxovreblad dabrunebas, rasakvirvelia, amas veravin dauSlis, romelime arapolitikuri uwyebis xelmZRvanelobasac andobs mas
sulgrZeli qarTveli eri da mis memuarebsac (rac aucileblad unda daiweros) siamovnebiT waikiTxavs.
86
movelodi m. gorbaCovis 7 ianvris gadawyvetilebas. imperiam
Tavis gadarCenis bolo, yvelaze saSiS xerxs mimarTa, mixaria,
rom uzenaesi sabWos pozicia am sakiTxSi uryevia. Cven ukan
dasaxevi gza ara gvaqvs. yvelafrisTvis mzad unda viyoT. imperia axal aneqsias gvipirebs, magram ar gamouva, dRes msoflioSi yvelaferi xelisgulze Cans da imedi maqvs, Cven gasaWirsac
dainaxaven, gamogvesarClebian. manamde ki unda vimarjvoT, raTa
pavles mosvlamde petres tyavi ar gaaZron. rac Seexeba yofili samxreT oseTis avtonomias, sanam saqarTvelo iarsebebs,
igi veRarasodes aRsdgeba. osi eris moRalate osi eqstremistebis alagmva Sors aRar aris. droa mixvdnen Cveni stumrebi, rom uazrobaa Tavisi miwis dacvis mosurne oTxmilioniani
saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg iaraRiT brZola. xom SeiZleba bolos
da bolos Cveni moTminebis fialac aivsos? `imperiis modernizebis~ gorbaCoviseuli gegma CaifuSa. litvam wertili dausva
yovelgvar orWofobas diqtaturis gaRviZebasTan dakavSirebiT. aqamde gorbaCovis Zalas dasavleTis mxardaWera ganapirobebda, axla es mxardaWerac gaqra. ayiravebuli imperia da misi
Tavkaci msoflios Tvalwin namdvili saxiT gamoCndnen. xalxis
mrisxaneba iqamde mivida, rom prezidentisTvis nobelis premiis CamorTmevac ki moiTxoves sruliad samarTlianad. amaoa
baltiispireTis teroris sxvebisaTvis gadabralebis mcdeloba. imperiuli Zalebis am nabijma imperiis aRsasruli daaCqara.
albaT, sabWoTa imperia kidev erTxel moiqnevs sikvdilis cels
da es bolo moqneva iqneba.
1991 w.
mjera
xSirad mekiTxebian, batono revaz, komunisturi cenzura
aRar aris. rogor daetyo revaz miSvelaZis Semoqmedebas cenzuris marwuxebisagan gaTavisuflebao.
samwuxarod Jurnalebi kidev ho, magram Cveni momravlebuli gazeTebi mxatvrul literturas ratomRac aRar swyaloben. maTs mesveurebs TavianTi sxva politikuri sazrunavi
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aqvT. vin vis mougrixos kiseri (kisris politikur mogrexvaze
mogaxsenebT) imazea gamecadinebuli.
kargi iqneba, presis muSakebi TviTon eZaxdnen, exvewebodnen
mwerlebs mogveciT Tqveni axali nawarmoebio, radgan mwerlis
sityvas, mwerlis avtoritets udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs.
qveyanas politikuri gatacebis totaluri seni Sehyria.
xandaxan mgonia esTetikis dro samudamod wavida-meTqi, samagierod yovel mosaxvevSi dganan enaaqavebulni da gahyvirian:
ratom sduman, ratom pasiuroben mwerlebio. presis Tavisufleba mxolod im `mwerlebisTvis~ arsebobs, vinc gazeTis
pozicias eTanewyobeba. WeSmariti profesionali ver Camoivlis redaqciebs, xom araferi gnebavTo.
arc wignis beWdvis saqmes daetyo didi ukeTesoba. kooperativebis sokoebiviT momravlebam profesionali ukan daswia da literaturuli saqmosnebi moamravla. kooperativebi
umeteswilad sensaciuri saeWvo Rirebulebis wignebs beWdaven
e. w. `masobriv mkiTxvelze~ gamiznuls. saxelmwifo gamomcemlobebs ki amis gamo qaRaldi SemoakldaT da gamkiTxavi aravin
aris. gamomcemlobaTa saqmeebSi Casaxedad jer veravin moicala. gamomcemloba `meraniRa~ emsaxureba Zveleburad, erTgulad mwerlebs.
yovelgvari cenzura (komunisturia Tu arakomunisturi)
mwerlisTvis saSinelebaa, qarTvel mweralTa erT nawils igi
ver mogveria. esec ar iyos, cenzuris mier dawunebuli zogi
nawarmoebi `Cvendauneburad~ ucxoeTis presaSi amoyofda
xolme Tavs da mere reJimis literaturuli damqaSebi iZulebuli xdebodnen daebeWdaT. ase rom, Cvenc gagvaCnda brZolis
Cveneuli meTodebi. ise, Cvens samocdaaTwlovan monur warsuls gulCvilobas nu davabralebT. Cven gagvawames, gagvanaxevres rogorc mwerlebi. maxsovs, rogor gadamawevines warsul
saukuneSi garaJebze dawerili Cemi novela `martvili~. `garaJi~ TavliT Semacvlevines, romelic TxuTmeti wliT adre
gamoqveynda, vidre riazanovis `garaJi~ Seiqmneboda. maxsovs,
rogor gadamakeTebines qveynis mofamfalebul mmarTvelze
(breJnevze) dawerili novela `frTebi~, TiTqos moqmedeba kunZul ipiaze xdeboda, radganac SeeSindaT, breJnevi Cvens cekas
mdivans gauwyrebao.
88
Cven yvelani mivdiodiT mcire kompromisze sxvadasxva
dros, TavisuflebisaTvis brZolis ideis gadasarCenad. sxvanairad TiTqmis SeuZlebeli iyo, SevcvlidiT cota raRacas da mkiTxveli mainc xvdeboda, ra unda gveTqva. sxvaTa
Soris, zogi novelis gamoqveynebis Semdeg mirekavdnen: albaT ase geweraT da amoiReso. Tqven warmoidgineT, damrekavi
xSirad marTali iyo. satelevizio gamosvlis Semdegac xSirad
momismenia yurmilSi: `amoWres rame?~ axla rom vukvirdebi,
es iZulebiTi nabijebi zogjer gamarTlebulia. me aspirantobisas davwere patara referati `leninis publicistikis stilis Sesaxeb,~ romelic mere Sirmad avafare Cem mier daweril
yvela antisabWoTa novelas.
TqvenTvis sulerTia, vis miscemT intervius da sad dabeWdavT? mekiTxebian.
mTlad ase ar aris, magram ZiriTadad egrea. mTavari is ki
ar aris, sad dabeWdav, mTavaria ras ityvi, ras gamoaqveyneb.
droulad mimaCnia damoukideblobis aqtis aRdgena.
eg ki ara, momeCvena, rom cota davagvianeT kidec. oRond
naxevarTavisuflebaze da naxevardamoukideblobaze ar unda
gavCerdeT. imave aqtSi unda yofiliyo erTi fraza: am aqtiT
imperiidan Cveni sruli da saboloo gamosvlis Sesaxeb, am aqts,
sesiis momdevno sxdomebze miRebuli, ssrk-dan Cveni gamosvlis
dadgenileba unda mohyoloda. Cven ki isev gardamaval periodze vlaparakobT. gardamavali periodi damoukideblobis
aqtis miRebisTanave xom unda Sewyvetiliyo? Tu ar Sewyda, maSin Cveni damoukidebloba deklaraciaa da sxva arferi.
arc erTi imperiis jari mudmivad arsad mdgara. referendumze lamis mTelma saqarTvelom (Tavis stumrebianad) xma
misca saqarTvelos damoukideblobas. mere Cvenma uzenaesma
sabWom 1918 wlis 26 maisis statusSi aRadgina saqarTvelos
damoukidebloba. es ori faqti erTmaneTs logikurad misdevs
da imperiis jarebis gayvanisaTvis sruliad damajerebeli
ganacxadia. mTavaria, ukan ar davixioT da wajeq-ukujeqobis politika ar viTamaSoT. `baba da CiCia~ erTad ar iqneba.
SeiZleba davTmoT droebiT `CiCia~ `babas~ gadasarCenad. naxevarreformebma daRupa gorbaCovi da yvela damarcxebuli
politikosi am qveyanaze.
89
diax, uyoymanod vRebulob saqarTvelos uzenaesi sabWos
yovel gadawyvetilebas.
am gadawyvetilebaTa didi umravlesoba sworad mimaCnia da
mxars vuWer. saqarTveloSi sistemis Secvlas suliTa da guliT
mivesalmebi. Cven xom sesiis yoveli sxdomis gadawyvetilebiT
nel-nela vubrundebiT 1918 wlis 26 maisis Tavisufal saqarTvelos. zogs, SeiZleba gacnobierebulic ar hqondes, ra
bednierebaa es.
sami SeniSvna maqvs axali xelisuflebis mimarT. pirveli:
damoukideblobis aqtis ssrk-dan saboloo gamosvlis dokumentiT ganmtkicebis saeWvo dagvianeba. meore: imperiisTvis
omis gamocxadeba, rasakvirvelia, gulubryvilobaa, magram
ras vakeTebT damoukideblobis SesanarCuneblad? vaZlierebT
gvardias? vamagrebT sazRvrebs? mobilizebas vukeTebT mTel
Cvens resursebs? me vfiqrob, Zalian nela da ugergilod.
mesame: Cveni gaubedavi politikiT samaCablos isev rusebi ipyroben, Cven araerTgzis SegveZlo am sakiTxis mogvareba, mimixvdebiT, rasac vgulisxmob. ra gavakeTeT? oTxma milionma
qarTvelma banditebisgan samaCablos dacva ramdenime milionersa da samaCabloel SeuiaraRebel qarTvelebs SevatoveT. es
Secdoma iyo. saqarTvelos erTi kuTxis satkivari sruliad
saqarTvelos satkivrad ver vaqcieT.
zemoT mogaxseneT `mimixvdebiT~-meTqi da mkiTxveli rebusis winaSe rom ar davayeno, me pirdapiri kaci var da barem
frCxilebsac gagixsniT: saWiro iyo mtrulad ganwyobili osi
mosaxleobis, _ am gaanCxlebuli mdgmurebis dauyovneblivi
gaZeveba samaCablodan. me xazs vusvam mtrulad ganwyobil, eqstremistul nawils. saerTod ki, aris faqtebi (cxra Tvis bavSvis akvanSi mokvla, oTxi axalgazrdis cocxlad dawva, daWrilis cxenze gamobma da tanjviT mokvla), ris Semdegac Serigebaze
laparaki zedmetia da Cven erTmaneTs unda davSordeT.
gana msoflios mTeli istoria momxdomis winaaRmdeg brZolis, momxdomis gaZevebis istoria ar aris? roca mteri Sens
miwas garTmevs, Sen saTnoebis gakveTilebi unda utaro da
uSedego kamaTi gaumarTo? xom xedavT, imperiam Cveni didsulovneba rogor `daafasa~. nu geSiniaT, sityva `ganaxlebis~.
icodeT, samudamo anderZad damigdia Cemi erisTvis: Cveni ar-
90
sebobis SenarCunebis erTaderTi gzaa mterTan Seurigebloba
da qarTuli miwis wamrTmev stumarTa drouli gaZeveba-gasaxleba. SarSan somxeTma da azerbaijanma asiaTasobiT mosaxle
gacvales erTmaneTSi da msoflios Tavi ar mouklavs; es ra
ubedureba moxdao. Cven sxva gza ara gvaqvs. os mkvlelebs
saqarTveloSi darCenis piri ukve aRara aqvT. rodemde unda
isxdnen samaCablodan ltolvili qarTvelebi sastumroTa
vestibiulebSi, rodemde?
1918 wlis 26 maiss respublikis gamocxadebidan erTi
kviris Semdeg msoflios araerTma qveyanam gvcno. axla ki, damoukideblobis aqtis aRdgenidan lamis ori Tve gavida da
msoflio sdums.
es msoflios sindisze iyos. sisxliani imperiis eSinia
dasavleTs da Cven, Raribi naTesaviviT, mxolod gviRimis.
saqmiT arafers gvikeTebs. Tumc amerikis senatis amaswinandeli rezolucia imediT mavsebs.
e. w. samxreT oseTis avtonomiis arsebobis sakiTxis gadasaWrelad saqarTveloSi mcxovreb 160 aTas oss referendumi
movuwyoTo, aseTi azric arsebobs.
eg `azri~ srul gaugebrobad mimaCnia. Cven `samxreT oseTis avtonomia~ ukve gavauqmeT. axla ukan davbrundeT da isev
vukirkitoT am sakiTxs? gana ori wlis ganmavlobaSi istoriuli faqtebiT ar davasabuTeT `avtonomiis~ ukanonoba? axla
TviT mdgmurebs, stumrebs vkiTxoT, gindaT Tu ara Cvens miwaze avtonomiuri olqio? gvindao, rom gviTxran? Cven bodiSio mivugoT da aRvudginoT avtonomia? ra pasuxs aZlevT
samaCablos dasacavad ukanaskneli xuTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi
umowyalod daxocil qarTvelebs da awiokebul ojaxebs? ai,
ras veZaxi me gaubedaobas da uniaTobas politikaSi. Tu osebs
SevekiTxebiT, gindaT Tu ara saxelmwifo Cvens miwazeo (ese
igi iCuqebT Tu ara Cvens miwaso), ratom ar unda vkiTxoT
igive saqarTveloSi mcxovreb somxebs, azerbaijanelebs, berZnebs, rusebs da sxvaTa? vkiTxoT, vkiTxoT da kargi daxlic
dagvidgeba. guls mirevs es Cveni suleluri, gulubryvilo
sikeTe da unapiro, kudabzika `internacionalizmi~. daviT aRmaSeneblis dros saqarTvelos eWira 305 aTasi kv. kilometri,
1918 wels, respublikad gamocxadebisas, saqarTvelos teri-
91
toria 111 aTasi kv. kilometri iyo. axla 67 aTasia. mogwonT?
leninma 44 aTasi kv. kilometri (TiTqmis naxevari) wagvarTva da sxvebs misca 800 aTasi (TiTqmis milioni) qarTveliT
dasaxlebuli. Cven kidev miwis warTmeva gvinda?
me uzenaesi sabWos sxdomebs veswrebi. igi inteligenturobis, profesionalizmis, demokratiulobis TvalsazrisiT gacilebiT ukeTes STabeWdilebas tovebs, vidre movelodi. parlamentis wevrTa TiTqmis absoluturi umravlesoba saqmismcodne,
Tavmdabali, uambicio, saqarTvelos bedze gulatkivebuli da,
rac mTavaria, korufciisagan Tavisufali xalxia.
am bolo dros saqarTvelos prezidentis misamarTiT
mliqvnelur-maamebluri sityvebi gaxSirda da am `axal JanrSi~ zogi Cemi kolegac scodavs, magram amaSi, me mgoni, zviad
gamsaxurdias ar miuZRvis brali. zviads rom Zageba-damcireba
da abuCad agdeba mousmenia, mTeli darCenili cxovreba rom
xotba Seasxan, ver gadaswonis. Tu akvirdebiT, igi cixe-devnam
ise ver motexa, rogorc xelisuflebis saTaveSi moqcevam. me
piradad sruliad ar mexarbeba misi mdgomareoba _ or cecxls
Sua (imperia da Sinauri opozicia) mdgomi, saqarTvelosTvis
Sewiruli kacia. igi qveynis samsaxurSi dgas da, rogorc SeuZlia, ise sardlobs saqarTvelos. ise, ukeTesi iqneba, xandaxan
SublisSekvriT TviTonve Tu agrZnobinebs xotbis saRerRelaSlil pirebs: nametans nu izamTo.
aSkaraa zogierTi, Tavgadakluli komunistis feriscvaleba da damoukidebeli saqarTvelos samsaxurSi `Cadgoma~.
daviwyoT iqidan, rom komunistebma daiyvanes saqarTvelo
111 kv. km.-dan 67 aTas kv. km-ze, komunisturi wyobis dros
moxda pirovnebis warmoudgeneli gaufasureba, iqamdec ki,
rom samSoblos grZnoba da misi xmliT dacvis unari nawilobrivze ufro metad gamqrala qarTvel kacSi, komunistebma
aigdes abuCad qarTuli ena da kinwiskvriT migvarbeninebdnen
gadajiSebis, garusebis ufskrulisaken. imperia ra wyobisac
ar unda iyos (socialisturi iqneba, Tu monaTmflobeluri),
damerwmuneT, mainc borotebaa. amitomac Tu romelime komunisti dRes imperias da imperiul kanonebs uWers mxars, igi
miutevebel codvas sCadis. ase dgas sakiTxi. sxva aris SexedulebaTa sistema. me piradad vTvli, rom marqsizmi utopiuri
92
mecnierebaa, magram es imis uflebas rodi iZleva saxelmwifom aukrZalos vinmes marqsizmis poziciaze dgoma. rac Seexeba zogierT komunists, Tu moinanieben komunistur codvebs, xeli ar unda vkraT. sworad mimaCnia Cveni parlamentis
pozicia, rom bevri niWieri da unariani yofili (an Tundac
axlandeli) komunisti gverdiT amoiyena. komunistis mandati
adre bevrs (da axlac) iseT kacs edo jibeSi, romlis mTeli cxovreba antikomunisturi iyo da partiis wevroba iqneb
Tavis gadasarCenad sWirdeboda. magram me ver vendobi bolomde sulgayidul qameleonebs. amas winaT uzenaesi sabWos
darbazSi stumrad miwveuli iseTi `mandilosanic~ SevniSne,
adrindel komunistur xelmZRvanelobas erovnuli moZraobis
liderTa gasalanZRad mCxavana, Statian oratorad rom hyavda
ubeSi Sefarebuli da yovel meore `aqtivis krebaze~ rom gahkioda: zviad gamsaxurdia fiurers magonebso. vis sWirdeba
aseTi `moRvawis~ monanieba da Tavze nacris wayra?
vwuxvar, rom maT Soris medrove, yovelgvari mtkice poziciisgan tradiciulad Sors mdgom, qaraquca `moRvaweTa~ Soris ramdenime WeSmaritad niWieri kacicaa. pirvelTa CaliCi
gasagebia: riyeze amoyrili TevzebiviT darCnen. rac SeeZloT,
gaibrZoles, iqiT-aqeT miawydnen, magram rom ver gaawyves ra,
axla, privilegiadakargulni, xelisuflebisaTvis brZolis
maraTonSi Caebnen. vera da ver Tmoben imas, rac komunisturi
reJimis dros xelT hqondaT: yalbi Cin-medlebi, pirvel kacTa
sufra-mejlisebze Rreoba, naCuqari premiebi... rac Seexeba gabriyvebulebs, imedi maqvs isini gons movlen da damoukidebeli
saqarTvelos samsaxurSi Cadgebian. WeSmarit inteligents da
WeSmarit patriots, Cemi fiqriT, axla sxva gza ar unda hqondes.
rac Semexeba me, Cems Tavs veraviTar gansakuTrebul gaaqtiurebas ver vatyob. vakeTeb mxolod imas, rac ar SemiZlia
ar gavakeTo. mwerlis movaleoba me ase mesmis. didi survili
maqvs mxarSi amovudge imaT, vinc saqarTvelos TavisuflebisaTvis ibrZvis. Cveni parlamentis gza, am mxriv, am etapze,
swored mimaCnia da amitom, rom ityvian: `aqa vdgavar~.
rac Seexeba Cems politikur orientacias, komunisturi
partiidan gamosvlis Semdeg arc erT partiaSi ar Sevsulvar
da arc vapireb. vinc micnobs, albaT, moexseneba, rom me Cemi
93
mwerluri simarTle maqvs da veravis mexotbed ver gamovdgebi. miT umetes, romelime politikosis ideebis propagandistpopularizatorad yofnas ar vapireb. netav, Cemi sakuTari
`ideebi~ ar mawuxebdnen.
amas winaT mweralTa delegaciam Cemi xelmZRvanelobiT
moskovSi mniSvnelovani erovnuli misia Seasrula; pirvelebma
gavarRvieT informaciuli blokada. movuwodeT moskovis inteligencias garkveuliyvnen saqmis arsSi da mxarSi amosdgomodnen saqarTvelos Tavis samarTlian brZolaSi.
mweralma solouxinma ori kiTxva dagvisva: pirveli meo,
`ogoniokSi~ wavikiTxeo, rom zviad gamsaxurdiam prezidiumis
Tavmjdomared arCevis gamo eduard SevardnaZis milocva faqtiurad ar miiRo, eWvi Seitana SevardnaZis gulwrfelobaSio.
migaCniaT Tu ara es jentlmenur saqcielad da meore: Cvenamde
aRwevs xmebi `mxedrionis~ zogierTi wevris dapatimrebaze da
Tqven ra azrisa xarTo.
gavbede da vupasuxe: didi qarTveli mwerlis konstantine
gamsaxurdias gardacvalebisTanave e. SevardnaZem xeli moawera
misi Svilis _ zviad gamsaxurdias dapatimrebis orders da erT
oTaxSi rom panaSvidi midioda, sxva oTaxebs sukis agentebi
Cxrekdnen-meTqi. vTqvaT, es araferi, magram gulwrfeli iyo
Tu ara politikurad komunisti e. SevardnaZe, roca imperiis
sagareo saqmeTa ministri, politbiuros wevri disident gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis saTaveSi mosvlis saxiT esalmeboda
saqarTveloSi komunisturi wyobilebis damxobas? ratom unda
gaxareboda e. SevardnaZes komunisturi sistemis msxvreva Tavis samSobloSi-meTqi? ase rom, hqonda sababi zviad gamsaxurdias am milocvis gulwrfelobaSi daeWvebuliyo-meTqi... rac
Seexeba `mxedrionis~ wevrTa dapatimrebas, CemTvis absoluturad ucnobia maTi dapatimrebis mizezica da dapatimrebis
meqanizmic. mimdinareobs gamoZieba da winaswar veras getyviT.
sasamarTlo rom Sedgeba, Tu SemiSves im sasamarTloze, usaTuod daveswrebi. Tu davrwmundi, rom `mxedrionis~ wevrTa
danaSaulis saqme TeTri ZafiTaa nakeri da maTi dapatimreba politikuri Sexedulebebis an opoziciurobis niadagze
moxda, gaZlevT pirobas, rom yvelas gasagonad, daufaravad
ganvacxadeb-meTqi amis Sesaxeb. ase rom, arc me da Cveni mos-
94
kovuri misiis arc erTi monawile moskovs instruqciebiT an
vinmes politikuri iersaxis dasacavad ar CavsulvarT. Cven,
qarTvel mwerlebs, rus mwerlebTan da rus xalxTan Cveni angariSi da Cveni saTqmeli gvqonda.
Cvenma misiam rom gaamarTla, am oriode kviris winaTac
vigrZeni. Cveni moskovSi yofnis cxel kvalze saqarTveloSi
Camovidnen rusi mwerlebi vladimer voina da valentin dolnikovi. simarTlis saqveynod gatanisaTvis maTs energiul
mecadineobaze ukve mogexsenebaT.
amas winaT imperiulma erovnebaTa sabWom ganixila e. w.
`samxreT oseTis~ sakiTxi da Seqmna komisia, romelic uflebamosilia skrupulozurad Seiswavlos viTareba samaCabloSi.
am komisias, mniSvnelovani iuridiuli uflebebic aqvs miniWebuli.
ase rom, pirvelad daadga moskovi `Cayolis~ gzas. etyoba, zogierTebi mixvdnen kremlSi, rom `jiut~ qarTvelebTan muStiT da muqariT laparaki ar gamodis. aqamde rogor
agvarebda centri yofili samxreT oseTis sakiTxs? prezidentis ybadaRebuli `ukaziT~, rsfsr-s da ssrk-s umaRlesi
sabWoebis gulisamrevad tendenciuri dadgenilebebiT da
programa `vremias~ wyeuli dezinformaciiT. magram gatarda
zemoxsenebuli `sami dadgenileba~ cxovrebaSi? ar gatarda da
arc gatardeba. qarTveli xalxi ar dauSvebs qarTul miwaze
oseTis saxelmwifos arsebobas. axla komisia SemogvTavazes.
ki batono, Seiswavlos, dasaxos urTierTobis normalizebis
sakiTxi yofili samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri olqis statusis
sakiTxi Cvenma parlamentma da, saerTo saqarTvelom, erTxel
da samudamod ukve gadawyvita.
saerTod, me ar mesmis arc am komisiis funqcia da arc Cveni
`sakavSiro~ deputatebis erTguli daswreba sesiaTa uRimRamo
sxdomebze. saqarTvelom damoukidebloba gamoacxada. es imas
niSnavs, rom saqarTvelos moqalaqe deputatebi sxva qveynis
(da miT umetes imperiis) marTva-gamgeobaSi ar unda monawileobdnen. uxeS Carevad unda cxaddebodes centris mier
saqarTvelos sakiTxis yovelgvari ganxilva. miT umetes rom
mokovi ar cnobs saqarTvelos damoukideblobis faqts.
ase unda iyos, Tu Cven marTla damoukidebloba aRvidgi-
95
neT da xelmowerili Cveni aqti iuridiul sabuTad migvaCnia.
xolo Tu Tavs vityuebT da yvelaferi es qimeraa, eg ukve
sxva ambavia.
axlaxan gamovida Cemi wigni `ganaCeni~. rogorc meubnebian, mkiTxvelTa interesi am wignma erTi novelis gamoc
miiqcia.
novelas hqvia `kargad cxovroben gubernatorebi?~
amboben, miSvelaZem iwinaswarmetyvela, rac xval da zeg
saqarTveloSi moxdebao.
am novelis personaJebs konkretul saxelebs arqmeven
da telefonSi mkiTxvelebi xSirad mTeli seriozulobiT
mimtkiceben, rom novela winaswarmetyvelis pretenziiTaa
dawerili. dabejiTebiT garwmunebT, rom mwerali yovelTvis wers imas, rac ewereba da sruliad bunebrivia, rom, Tu
igi simarTles emsaxureba, cxovrebis sinamdvilidan iRebs
masalas. konkretul pirebze me ar mifiqria. novela dawerilia xelisuflebis Znel misiaze. novelis gmirma, axalgazrda kacma didi brZoliT, ramdenjerme dapatimrebiT miaRwia
gubernatoris taxts, magram male darwmunda, rom gubernatorobisaTvis brZola gacilebiT ufro saintereso da ioli
saqmea, radgan opoziciaSi myofs xalxi xSirad mxars uWers.
SedarebiT Zneli aRmoCnda kunZulis mcxovrebTa gamokveba.
maTTvis Tavisuflebis miniWeba, xalxis interesebiT cxovreba da axal gubernators sruliad bunebrivad sevda daeufla. igi pirveli SesaZleblobisTanave gadadga, radganac
ver gauZlo idealurisa da sinamdvilis tradiciul Widils.
me, saerTod, novelas konkretul pirovnebebze arasodes vwer. am SemTxvevaSi ki miT umetes, radganac novela
1986 wels aris dawerili, 1987 wels gamoqveynebuli gazeT
`quTaisSi~, xolo Cemi wigni `ganaCeni~ 1990 wlis agvistos
boloSi gamovida.
sanam jani momdevs, minda vemsaxuro Cemi eris momavlis
gamoWedvis sapatio saqmes.
axla mTel energias sazogadoeba `Tvistoms~ vaxmar.
ras emsaxureba `Tvistomi~?
saqarTvelos gareT mcxovrebi qarTvelebis samSobloSi
dabrunebas da araqarTvelTa TavTavianT qveynebSi mSvidobiani gacilebis uZneles, magram qarTveli eris sasicocxlo
interesebisaTvis aucilebel saqmes.
sabWoTa imperiaSi Cven yvelaze cudi momavali gvaqvs, Tu
Tavs droze ar vuSveleT. somxeTSi dRes ar cxovrobs arc
erTi azerbaijaneli, azerbaijanSi ki dRes ar cxovrobs arc
erTi somexi. 3 dReSi gadawyvites maT (somxeTma da azerbaijanma) TavianTi erebis istoriuli gadarCenis saqme. saqarTveloSi ki 40% stumari cxovrobs da, Tu ase gagrZelda
50 weliwadSi saqarTveloSi qarTvelebi 37% aRmovCndebiT,
xolo 100 weliwadSi 14%. amitom mimaCnia dRes saqarTvelos
umTavres saqmed Cveni demografiuli mowesrigebis problema.
ar dagimalavT, qarTvelebi Zalian gulCvil da dadedlebul
erad gamoviyurebiT. saqarTvelos miwebs ucxotomeli itacebs. Cven maT gazeTSi gakicxvas vjerdebiT mxolod, saqarTvelos teritoriaze ucxo `saxelmwifoebi~ iqmneba, Cven
qmediT saSualebebs ar mivmarTavT.
am bolo dros, saqarTvelos miwaze mcxovrebma afsua
naZiralebma uwmindesi da unetaresi Segviracxyves da afxazeTSi mcxovreb 50% qarTvels da arc danarCen saqarTvelos xeli ar gautokebia aRviraxsnil banditTaTvis Wkuis
saswavleblad. es varT sul daviT aRmaSeneblis STamomavloba? ra mogvivida? ram dagvacvedna ase?
saqarTveloSi usisxlo revolucia moxda, 14 noembridan daemxo Cveni komunisturi tirania da istoriis axal
aRmarTs SevuyeviT. bednieri var, rom veRirse qarTveli
eris mier arCeul uzenaes xelisuflebas, magram ar viqnebi
gulwrfeli, Tu vityvi, rom is, rac xdeba, idealuria. ra
Tqma unda, Cven kidev didi gza unda gaviaroT saqarTvelos
damoukideblobisaken da sasurveli sazogadoebis aSenebisaken. dadebiTia Cveni parlamentis mier miRebuli pirveli kanonebi. me, piradad, mxars vuWer patiosani, niWieri,
erovnuli adamianebis mosvlas mTavrobaSi, magram daukmay-
96
7. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
1991 w
natvris asrulebas gisurvebT
97
ofileblobis grZnobas aRmiZravs is faqti, rom erovnulganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis ramdenime Tavdadebuli mebrZoli am axal erovnul parlamentTanac opozicioneris
rolSi aRmoCnda.
saqarTvelos uzenaes sabWos, mis axal xelmZRvanelobas,
keTili unda enebebina da rogorc gamarjvebuls, TviTonve
gadaedga energiuli nabijebi erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobaSi ganxeTqilebis aRmosafxvrelad. amas winaT
rusTavelis prospeqtze Caviare, erTdroulad marTavda
sxdomebs `mrgvali magida~ da kongresic. erTi _ filarmoniaSi, meore _ moswavle-axalgazrdobis sasaxleSi. mikrofonebi quCaSi iyo gamotanili da oratorebis, sxva politikuri Zalebis mimarT arcTu momferebluri RaRadisi quCaSi
iRvreboda. ra Tqma unda, kongress Tavis funqcia aqvs. igi
uzenaesi sabWos erTgvari gamomfxizleblisa da katalizatoris rolSi unda gvevlinebodes, magram am ori organos
urTierToba keTilmosurnisa da inteligenturis zRvars ar
unda gascdes. arc ise unda moxdes, rom arCevnebSi gamarjvebulma blokma misi TanamebrZoli partiebi ignorirebulyos. me urTierTTanamSromlobis momxre viyavi da var.
RmerTma imedi nu mogviSalos. me bunebiT optimisti gaxlavarT da darwmunebuli var, Cveni parlamentis muSaobis
formebic male daiwmindeba. axali xelisufleba xelmZRvanelobis urTules sistemas male Seiswavlis da saqarTvelo
devis nabijiT ivlis saukunovani ocnebis aRsrulebisaken.
1991 w.
mimarT msoflio Sexedavs rogorc Tavisufali qveynisadmi
mezobeli, militaristuli saxelmwifos damokidebulebas.
imperiis sulisSemxuTav, myral ubeSi ukve aRara varT.
1991 wlis 9 aprils am saukuneSi kidev erTxel davdeqiT martodmartoni Cveni bedisa da istoriis winaSe.
axla Cvenive gadawyvetilebiT saxeganaTebulni Cvenve
vagebT pasuxs saqarTvelosTvis warsulisa da momavlis winaSe.
mTavaria SevZloT damoukideblobis SenarCuneba.
kremli arc ise briyvia zogierTs rom hgonia. imperia axla
or gzas mimarTavs: jer dayvavebiT isev xafangTan mityuebis,
cdunebis gzas da mere energiul ekonomikur blokadas.
orivesTvis mzad unda viyoT. unda gavwyvitoT politikuri kavSirebi imperiasTan, rogorc misma nawilma da qveSevrdomma, da unda SevinarCunoT ekonomikuri kavSirebi, rogorc
Tanasworma mezobelma mezobelTan.
saerTod, rac SeiZleba male unda gadaverToT dasavleTis
ekonomikur wrebrunvaSi, imperiis imedze nuRar davrCebiT.
masTan dadebuli yoveli xelSekruleba axal kabalaSi CaTrevas niSnavs.
yovelis RonisZiebiT gavamagroT sazRvrebi da SevqmnaT
regularuli armia.
msoflio rezonansi mivceT saqarTvelos respublikis
xelmeored dabadebas.
movamzadoT niadagi da msoflios sazogadoebrivi azri
saqarTvelodan imperiuli jarebis gasayvanad.
axla mTavaria
movlenaTa cxel kvalze
triumfiT damTavrebuli referendumiT xeldaxsnilma
Cvenma parlamentma sruliad droulad gamoacxada saqarTvelos respublikis aRdgenis aqti 1918 wlis 26 maisis statusSi.
dReidan damoukidebeli respublikis moqalaqeebi varT.
es imas niSnavs, rom borotebis imperiis damokidebulebas
saqarTvelos erovnuli sazRvrebisa da pirovnebis uflebaTa
amas winaT televiziiT politikur moqiSpeTa morig lanZRva-ginebas rom vismendi, aseTi fiqri amekviata: RmerTma nu
qnas, istoriis Carxi rom ukuRma datrialdes da momduravi
liderebi cixis erT sakanSi moxvdnen, netav rogor moiqcevian, eyofaT keTilgoniereba mxari Seudgan, erTmaneTs, Tu
axladneliviT daZiZgn-dakortnian erTmaneTs-meTqi. mTeli
Rame ver movisvene, viwval-vijaxire da diliT mTeli es fiqri
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99
daxvretiswina siuJetad Camoyalibda, mere mxolod qaRaldze
gadatana undoda, avdeqi da erTi CajdomiT, erTi amosunTqviT davwere novela `daxvretamde 5 wuTi rCeba~.
werisas ar vfiqrobdi imis Sesaxeb, rom novelis personaJebSi zogi Tavis Tavs amoicnobda da arcTu umtero kaci,
axal risxvas davimsaxurebdi.
iciT, weris dros aseT rameze ar fiqrob kaci. vwer ise,
rogorc mexerxeba da rom SemeZlos rom ar davwero, araviTar
SemTxvevaSi ar davwerdi.
weris drosac martvileli, mcxeTeli da gelaTeli erqvaT Tqvens personaJebs, Tu mere gadaukeTeT, mekiTxebian.
roca vwerdi, isini TavianTi gvar-saxelebiT medgnen Tvalwin,
radganac novelis fabulac da dedaazric Cvenma mware sinamdvilem STamagona, rom davamTavre, vamjobine, mogonili gvarebi damerqmia persnaJTaTvis da sworadac moviqeci. bolos
da bolos, es novela mxolod konkretuli pirovnebebis Sesarigeblad ki ara, saerTod dResac da momavalSic erovnuli
konsolidaciis saqadagebladaa mowodebuli.
farTo mkiTxvelmac ase sworad gaigo. Tu nebas momcemT,
erTi gamoxmaurebis nawyvets wagikiTxavT: `batono revaz,
Tqveni Semoqmedebis erT-erTi gulmxurvale Tayvanismcemeli
mec gaxlavarT. novelis `daxvretamde erTi wuTi rCeba~ avtori Tqven brZandebiT. xmamaRla vacxadeb: _ `ase gabedulad,
mignebulad, Rrma-azrian-mixvedrilad, mimteveblad, damrigeblurad, gonivrulad, qveyanaSi Seqmnili rTulze rTuli
situaciidan gamosavalze miniSnebiT novelas CvenTan, revaz miSvelaZis garda, sxva veravin dawerda, Tu dawerda, vin
dauSalaT? da gana es pirvelia? novelaSi ramdeni bwkaricaa,
imdeni simarTlea. amitom did madlobas mogaxsenebT (saqvelmoqmedo sazogadoeba `quTaiselis~ vice-prezidenti grigol
ruxaZe)~.
ra meTqmis, batoni grigolis da saerTod, yvela keTilgonieri mkiTxvelis azrs CemTvis oqros fasi aqvs. minda visargeblo SemTxveviT da gulwrfeli madloba movaxseno yvelas,
vinc weriliT gamomexmaura, an telefoniT Semexmiana.
qarTvel mwerlebSi axla pirobiTad sami jgufi SeiniSneba:
erTni Cumad arian, da sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi aqtiurad
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ar monawileoben, meoreni axali xelisuflebis xotba-didebis,
mwer­lisaTvis arcTu Rirseul saqmes adganan, mesameni ki ara­
Cveulebrivad aqtiuroben. SeiZleba iTqvas, xmals iqneven, TavianT azrs epoqis simrude-sisworeze daufaravad gamoTqvamen.
oqros dumili, albaT, yvelaze momgebiani mdgomareobaa.
imdenjer daejaxnen Cemi niWieri kolegebi verSecnobis, ganukiTxaobis da usamarTlobis kedels am bolo dros, imdenjer
gaTaTxes isini maRali tribunebidan sruliad usamarTlod,
rom gadawyvites, axla lirikis dro ar ariso da miCumdnen.
rac Seexeba meoreT, isini medroveni, uprincipo mliqvnelmexotbeni yovelTvis arsebobdnen. adrec saSualeba rom miecemodaT, daviT aRmaSeneblad naTlavdnen eduard SevardnaZes,
`saqarTvelos did megobars da mxsnels~ eZaxdnen jumber patiaSvils, `sikeTisa da patiosnebis mebairaxtred~ miaCndaT
givi gumbariZe. situacia rom Seicvalos, skivridan wamebulis gvirgvins daaZroben da axal ampluaSi mogvevlinebian.
me maT seriozul mwerlebad ar vTvli. ubralod mecineba
maTs ujiutes swrafvaze, radac unda daujdeT, micocdnen
pirvelTa sufrasTan. sxvaa mesame `jgufis~ bedi. me moqmedi,
aqtiuri mwerlebis mxares vdgavar. ar unda aTqmevino qarTvel kacs, sad arian mwerlebio. xalxis gverdiT unda idge, mis
samarTlian brZolaSi lomis wili gedos, viTarebasTan aqtiur damokidebulebaSi myofs SeiZleba raime SegeSalos kidec,
sityva ver mozomo, adrindeli Sexeduleba Seicvalo kidec,
magram yvelas ecodineba, rom Sen xmals iqnev da Seni eris
cxovrebaSi monawileob. ukan midevnebuli lampris da Soridan moTvalTvale `winaswarmetyvelisa~ bevri araferi mwams.
mweralTa kavSirs aRara aqvs mweralTa oficialuri gaerTianebis funqcia, rakiRa mis wevrTa Sexedulebani erTmaneTisagan xSirad radikalurad gansxvavdeba. erT dros literaturul gaerTianebebad kinaRam daviSaleT. raki yvela
literators Cveni Zneli profesia da samSoblos siyvaruli
gvaerTianebs, mainc varCieT erT formalur gaerTianebad
yofna. mweralTa kavSirSi Seiqmna literaturul asociaciaTa
respublikuri centri, romelmac kavSiris daSlis procesis
SeCerebaSi mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula. saerTod ki, visRa davumalo, meore welia axali wesdeba ver davamtkiceT da
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aseve meore welia mweralTa kavSiris prezidiumis sxdoma ar
mowveula. es saSualebas aZlevs zogierTs daeWvdes: Cans mwerlobas, zemoT, garkveuli Zalebi ignorirebulyofeno.
isev Cems axal novelas davubrundeT. SekiTxvebis erTi
nawili novelis fabulas Seexeba. ratom miayena kedelTan Cveni erovnuli moZraobis liderebi avtormao.
RmerTma nu hqnas saqarTvelos caze kaenis sulis aRzevebam erTxel kidev gadaiaros. RmerTma nu qnas, dedamiwaze moiZebnos Zala, romelic Cven am bolo Svidi Tvis manZilze arCeuli gzidan gadagvaxvevinebda. me ubednieresi kaci var, rom
damoukidebel saqarTvelos SenebaSi vmonawileob. gana erTi
wamiT dauSvebs Cemi mkiTxveli, rom me Tundac sizmarSi gavivleb gulSi erovnuli moZraobis damarcxebas? Cemi novelis
simboluri dedaazri sruliad ubraloa _ Cven saerTo mteri
gvyavs _ imperia da mtrisTvis yvelani erTni varT. amitomac
nu gaacinebT mters Tqveni kinklaobiT-meTqi. novelis satiruli fabula (calke daxvretis survili) ki mxolod ganwyobilebis gasamZafrebladaa mogonili.
raRa maincdamainc `cxovrebaSi~ komunistebis gazeTSi dabeWdeTo? mekiTxebian.
mogexsenebaT, me arc erTi partiis wevri ar gaxlavarT
da arc arasodes viqnebi. partiis wevroba mwerlisaTvis SemboWvelia. partiidan Tavdaxsnili mwerali sulxan-sabas erTi
igavis melas magonebs, mwevrebs rom ganucxada: `SarSan rac
viTamaSe, isic mimZims, araTu axla gamovide da viTamaSoo~.
novela `cxovrebaSi~ imitom davbeWde, rom manamde ramdenime
gazeT-Jurnalma ukan gamomatana _ saSiSiao. rogorc xedavT
`cxovrebis~ redaqtoris intuicia swori aRmoCnda. yofila
saqarTveloSi situacia momwifebuli im novelis saWiroebisa da aqtualobis gasagebad. saerTod ki CemTvis ar arsebobs prestiJuli da araprestiJuli presa. nebismier gazeTSi
davbeWdav Cems naazrevs, Tu droulad damibeWdaven.
saqarTveloSi usisxlod, demokratiuli arCevnebis gziT
Seicvala wyobileba. Cven Tavisuflebisa da damoukideblobis
gzas gadaWriT davadeqiT, erma gaiRviZa da igi aRar dauSvebs
qarTuli miwebis gayidva-gaCuqebas, qarTuli enis Seviwroebas,
qarTuli skolebis daxurvas da mis nacvlad rusulis gaxsnas.
102
ori wlis win me verc ki warmovidgendi, Tu amas moveswrebodi.
axalma xelisuflebam imedis sxivi Caminerga gulSi da bevri ubednieresi wuTi momaniWa. aseTi wuTebi iyo CemTvis damoukideblobis aqtis gamocxadeba, erovnuli gvardiis Seqmna,
imperiis konstituciis moqmedebis SeCereba, `samxreT oseTis
avtonomiuri olqis~ gauqmeba, amnistiis gamocxadeba, saqarTvelos himnisa da droSis dakanoneba... sanam pirSi suli midgas,
me am mRelvarebis, am gancdebis, am erovnuli gadawyvetilebis
erTguli viqnebi bolomde da erovnuli parlamentis gverdiT
vibrZoleb saqarTvelos saboloo gaTavisuflebamde.
zogni ver xedaven gansxvavebas ori wlis winandelsa da axlandel saqarTvelos Soris? dagaviwydaT wlebi `mziur~ respublikaSi `mze rom CrdiloeTidan amodioda~, saqarTvelo
internacionalur poligonad da stumar erTa gamsvlel ezod
iyo gadaqceuli da respublikis xelmZRvanelebi marto biuros sxdomebs ki ara, soflis meurneobis muSakTa TaTbirebsac ki rusulad rom atarebdnen? sad SeiZleba viyo me _ mwerali revaz miSvelaZe, romlis mTeli Semoqmedeba komunisturi
reJimis mxilebisaken iyo mimarTuli, Tu ara saqarTvelos damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZoli xelisuflebis gverdiT?
Tumca, isic damafiqrebelia, rom komunisturi reJimis
bolo wlebSi oseTi da afxazeTi Cveni iyo da Saosan dedebs
rusTavelis prospeqtidan panRuriscemiT ar erekebodnen.
samagierod, savele niCbebiT xocavdnen locvad davardnil demonstrantebs, rac Seexeba samaCablos da CrdilodasavleT saqarTvelos (WeSmarit qarTul afxazeTs da ara
afsuaTa gamogonil respublikas), igi axlac Cvenia da sanam
qarTvel kacs pirSi sul udgas, an erovnuli Tavmoyvareoba
SerCenia, Cveni iqneba. veraviTari saokupacio jari an yalb
xelSekrulebaze xelmowera ver CamoaWris saqarTvelos Tavis
aTaswlobiT damtkicebul mkvidr miwas.
Cemi cxovrebis stili da xasiaTis upirvelesi Tviseba
sazogado wylulis ardafarva da naklovanebis mxilebaa. Zalian kargad vici, rom naklovanebaze miTiTeba aravis siamovnebs da gansakuTrebiT maRla mdgom, aRzevebul adamianebs,
maTs Secdomebze miTiTeba xSirad sakuTari dasaklavi danis
gamoCxrekas niSnavs. ra mrjis axla, kacma rom Tqvas, avdge
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da qveyanas movdo, Cemi fiqriT, axal xelisuflebas esa da es
eSleba-meTqi. amiT, winaswar vici, maTs undoblobas da risxvas davimsaxureb, mets arafers. es tradiciulad gamocdilia,
magram Tu hyofniT vaJkacoba da keTilgoniereba, unda mixvdnen, rom maTi daxmarebis garda sxva mizani ar mamoZravebs. Tu
ver mixvdebian, cudad yofila Cveni saqme.
vgulisxmob SecdomaTa, naklovanebaTa mTel kompleqss. es
Secdomebi, rasakvirvelia, maT mier gakeTebul dadebiT saqmeebs ver gadaswonis, magram mainc cudad ecema kacs TvalSi.
Tanac bedis ironia is gaxlavT, rom isini ioli gamosasworebelia da aseve iolad asaridebeli Tavidanve.
zogierT warmomadgenels sikeTe, mimteveblobis grZnoba
da adamianis siyvaruli namdvilad aklia.
sul axal faqts getyviT. am samiode dRis winaT Temur
qoriZem televiziiT gamosvlisas wagvikiTxa dadgenileba
sulxan-sabas saxelobis pedagogiuri institutis reqtoratis
darbevis Sesaxeb da mere, kargad rom dagvmaxsovreboda, cota
ar iyos gemoCatanebuli ulmoblobiT, ramdenjerme gagvimeora institutidan gaZevebul im profesorTa da leqtorTa gvarebi, romelTac samudamod aekrZalaT pedagogiur dawesebulebaSi muSaoba.
danaSauli?
abiturientTa nawerebis gasworebs dros arakvalificiurobis gamoCena.
simarTle giTxraT, SemaZrwuna am gadawyvetilebam, Tavisi
wregadasuli simkacriT. jer erTi, reqtori im sabWom unda
gadairCios, vinc airCia (yovel SemTxvevaSi ivlisamde ase iyo).
meorec, pedagogiur dawesebulebebSi adamianis muSaobis samudamod akrZalvis ufleba visa aqvs? mkvlelobis danaSaulis
gamosyidva SeiZleba da ra gaxda abiturientisTvis niSnis momateba aseTi?
amas winaT koba imedaSvili werda, Tu rogor mividnen masTan zviad gamsaxurdia da merab kostava da sTxoves misaReb
gamocdebze yuradReba mieqcia TavianTi megobris SvilisaTvis. ra Tqma unda, am SemTxvevaSi `yuradRebis miqceva~ imas
niSnavda, rom bavSvisTvis kobas (an sxva gamomcdels) niSani
ar daeklo, Torem zviadi da merabi xom saproteqciod ar mi-
104
vidodnen. iqneb mainc gawyra RmerTi da 0,25 niSani waumata im
gogonas kobam? ra vqnaT axla, avukrZaloT samudamod pedagogiur dawesebulebaSi muSaoba? nuTu mohyvebian mtkicebas
batoni T. qoriZe da ministri e. javeliZe, rom maT arasodes
aravisTvis uTxoviaT angariSis gaweva misaReb gamocdebze?
sxva saqmea kriminali, magram sanam danaSauli angarebis faqtebiT ar daumtkicebia prokuraturas, ra ufleba aqvs vinmes
institutidan leqtoris ase sastikad gaZevebis? iqneb, marTlac susti gamsworeblebi arian isini, magram Seamowma vinmem
rogori leqtor-pedagogebi arian, an rogori avtoritetiT
sargebloben institutSi? gamomitaneT me Tundac yvelaze
maRalkvalificiuri gamsworeblis naweri da davamtkiceb,
rom erTi an ori niSani an momatebuli aqvs, an daklebuli
gamomcdels. ra kriteriumi upyria aseTi utyuari xelT b-n
Temurs, rom Seumcdarad arkvevs sagamocdo niSnis sizustes
da Sesabamisobas? ra xdeba? nuTu Zalian patarebi vCanvarT,
batono Temur, Tqveni maRali, TaRovani kabinetidan?
isev usiamovnod gamkenwla gulSi, uzenaesi sabWos mudmivi komisiis Tavmjdomarem Svidi wlis winandeli usamarTlo dadgenileba rom gamoCxrika da prof. korneli danelias
keTilsindisiereba-kompetenturobaSi eWvi Seitana. dramatuli scena iyo. pirdapir ekranidan aiZulebdnen reqtors Seecvala qarTulis komisiis Tavmjdomare da raki reqtori magari
`kakali~ aRmoCnda (Cems TvalSi igi im dRes araCveulebrivad
amaRlda), aseTi ganaCeni gamoitanes: `albaT, am saubris Semdeg
b-ni korneli TviTon ityvis uars Tavmjdomareobaze~.
ar aris es saqmisadmi vaJkacuri midgoma. ar varga ase tendenciurad, eWvis TvaliT cqera kolegebisaTvis, Zvirfasebo,
Torem erT mSvenier dRes Tqvens saqmianoba-saqcielSic eWvs
Seitanen da maSin yovelive es gagaxsendebaT.
rogor fiqrobT, saidan iRebs saTaves es despotizmamde
misuli pedantizmi?
ZiriTadad keTili survilidan _ Seicvalos mankieri
sistema, davamyaroT wesrigi, magram, rogorc zemoT giTxariT, am bunebriv survils am kai xalxma adamianis siyvaruli
unda SeaSvelos, ise araferi gamova.
am faqtis motaniT me sxva ram, ufro SemaZrwunebeli, mind-
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oda meTqva. gulwrfelad giTxraT, gamaoca Cveni sazogadoebis da, gansakuTrebiT inteligenciis gulgrilobam. megona,
meore dRes saprotesto krebebi gaimarTeboda, protestis qaRaldi Camoivlida xelmosawerad; Cvens amxanagebs pedagogiur
dawesebulebaSi muSaoba samudamod rom aukrZales aramarTlzomier sasjelad migvaCniao. msgavsic araferi momxdara. yvela gainaba da axali mosalodneli represiis molodinSi Tavis binaSi Seimala; cota iaRliSi yvelas mogvsvlia, iqneb arc
vaxsovarT zeviT, am Cemi xelmoweriT Tavi ratom gavaxsenoo.
raRa Sors mivdivar. SarSanwin g. gumbariZis davalebiT mweralTa kavSiris xelmZRvanelobam Cem winaaRmdeg ori daqiravebuli marioneti _ vasaZe da ciskariSvili (ver davmalav,
rogorc gairkva, ciskariSvils Turme ubralod xeli moawerines, rakiRa mas wera, maincdamainc ar exerxeba) rom aamxedra
da gulisamrevi paskvilebi SeaTxzvevina. `lit. saqarTvelo~
rom wavikiTxe, CemTvis gavifiqre, gaTendes xvalindeli dRe,
naxeT, ra ambavs atexaven mwerlebi Cemi ase usamarTlod galanZRvisaTvis-meTqi. Tqvenc ar momikvdeT. nodar wuleiskirisa
da guram petriaSvilis garda xma aravin gaiRo. ar mikvirs,
ara! Wrelia buneba kacTa. TviT zviad gamsxurdias mweralTa
kavSiridan garicxvas misi erTi TanamebrZoli-Tanamzraxveli
eswreboda da mSvenivrad aswia xeli Tanxmobis niSnad, roca
mweral kacs usamarTlo ganaCeni gamoutanes.
raki zviad gamsaxurdia vaxsene, aseve Seulamazeblad unda
vTqva azri Cvens pirvel prezidentze. ruseTis imperiisagan
saqarTvelos gamoxsnis upirvelesi Semoqmedi zviad gamsaxur­
diaa. man samudamod daimkvidra sapatio adgili qarTveli
eris istoriaSi. daamxo komunisturi wyobileba da eri istoriis axal gzaze gaiyvana. ase rom, Cemi urTierToba masTan da
mis brZolasTan erTxel da samudamod garkveulia.
axla sxva ram; me moRalate unda viyo, Cemi siyrmis megobris
da saerTod saqarTvelosi, rom ar vuTxra, rac ar momwons.
prezidentad arCevis Semdeg veRar vcnob zviad gamsaxurdias.
saidan movida leqsis mweral kacSi esodeni sisastike
guSindeli TanamebrZolebis mimarT da adviladSesamCnevi mediduroba?
106
Tqveni ar vici da me ki cudad meniSna gaprezidentebidan
ramdenime dReSi rom moicila man araerTi uerTgulesi kaci,
xolo zogma Tavisi nebiT dauqnia xeli.
iqneb patara saqmed migaCniaT nodar wuleiskiris wasvla
ministrobidan?
nuTu ver xvdeba b-ni zviadi, rom Cven am sisxlian imperiaSi, rusis Ceqma rom yelze gvebjineba, damoukideblobasa da
prezidentobanas mxolod vTamaSobT da meti araferi? Cvens
prezidents xom jerjerobiT arc sazRvargareTTan Tanabar
poziciebze saubris saSualeba aqvs da kremlis mfarvelnic ise
ucqerian, rogorc urC aRsazrdels, romelsac roca undaT miiReben da roca undaT ara? jerjerobiT, yvelaze didi, risi
uflebac zviads aqvs, es gaxlavT, Tavisi megobrebis daniSvna ministrebad da `aramegobrebis~ (romelTa siaSi moxvedris
didi Sansi meca maqvs) samsaxuridan gagdeba, an dapatimreba.
sadaa is mgznebare zviadi qarTveli eris kanonieri uflebebis dacvaze, Cveni miwebis datacebis Sewyvetaze, adamianis
uflebebisaTvis brZolaze rom laparakobda?
miRebaze vyofilvar e. SevardnaZesTan, j. patiaSvilTan,
g. gumbariZesTan... gulistkiviliT unda vTqva, yvela maTgani
ufro momsmeni da gulisxmieri Canda pirad urTierTobaSi,
kabinetSi TxovnisTvis Tu rCevisTvis misul kacTan.
araviTari fexze adgoma da Semogebeba. araviTari mokiTxva
da janmrTelobis mdgomareobiT daintereseba. rCevis misacemad misuls ise gismens, TiTqos didi mowyaleba gaiRo, rom
ufleba mogca Tvali Segevlo misTvis.
amerikis saelCo weliwadSi orjer TxuTmeti moZme respublikis `warmomadgenelTa miRebas~ marTavs. miemgzavreba am
RonisZiebaze saqarTvelos prezidentic, Tumca saqarTvelo
ukve aRar aris (yovel SemTxvevaSi, damoukideblobis aqtis
Semdeg, Cven ase gvgonia) TxuTmetis Zmur ojaxSi. brundeba
prezidenti moskovSi araoficialuri vizitidan da danarCeni
telemayureblebma orjer ixila sakuTari TvaliT. ra saWiro
iyo es pompezuroba, gvardiis aRlumi, da uqudo arasamxedro
piris _ prezidentis safeTqelTan marjvenamitanil pozaSi
dgoma? buSs varjiSis dros, trusisamaras uCveneben da, ara
mgonia, amerikis prezidentis avtoritetze amas cudad emoqm-
107
edos. iqneb buSi cota naklebi rangis prezidentia vizitidan
dabrunebuls sapatio yarauliTa da aRlum-paradiT rom ar
xvdebian? qveyanas kuWi uxmeba, samaCablo sisxlisgan icleba,
afxazeTs dRisiT-mzisiT garTmevs imperia da Sexvedra-paradisaTvis acden xalxs?
gadawyda is umZimesi problema rom saqarTveloSi stumar
erTa ocdarva procenti mitacebul miwaze ukanonod cxovrobs? gadawyda lekTa problema, razec ase omaxianad laparakobda zviadi mitingze. davamTavreT samaCablosTvis brZola?
xeli xom ar agaRebina da konsensusis, wynari cxovrebis
gunebaze xom ar dagayena ucxoeTis enaWartala politikanTa
aramkiTxe meurveobam, Cemo zviad?
mebrZoli saqarTvelos prezidents, amboxebulTa winamZRolis faraja unda ecvas da TviTkmayofili, bednieri, sveganaRdebuli prezidentis ieri ucxo unda iyos misTvis.
cota uxerxuli xom ar aris zviad gamsaxurdias panegirikosTa mcdeloba, igi mesiad da ubadlo winamZRolad warmoidginon.
xalxis ndobas didi mofrTxileba da gamarTleba unda.
me piradad, is zviadi ufro miyvars, saxelogacveTili
paltoTi rom dadioda noember-aprilis moSimSileTa Soris,
Tavze xels usvamda SimSil-sicivisagan gaTangul mis TanamebrZolebs da mikrofonTan simarTlis saTqmelad miikvlevda
gzas sulier Tu usulo aTas bariers Soris.
13 ivlisi, 1991 w.
nu gaixareben Cveni mtrebi
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis bedze Cveni `Sinaomi~ ar
imoqmedebs.
msoflio darwmundeba, rom saqarTveloSi arian Zalebi,
diqtaturis damyarebas rom ar emorCilebian. Tu amerikas
surs gvcnos, igi arad dagidevT irakli wereTeli sad, romeli xis qveS zis da SimSilobs. sasaciloa zogierTTa wuwuni,
108
mitingi raRa 2 seqtembers daamTxvieTo. saqarTvelos damoukideblobas, iciT ra SeuSlis xels? politikuri wajequkujeqoba.
deputatTa sakavSiro(!) yrilobaze saqarTvelos uzenaesi
sabWos prezidiumis Tavmjdomare sakavSiro xelSekrulebas
rom gaeTamaSeba da araorazrovnad ityvis _ ekonomikur da
TavdacviT xelSekrulebaze xelmoweras iqneb davTanxmdeTo.
sakavSiro xelSekrulebac eg aris, meti araferia, sakmarisia
Tavi Seyo ganaxlebuli kavSiris ekonomikur kabalaSi an saqarTveloSi rusis jaris datovebaze daTanxmde, rom yvelaferi
daiRupeba _ saqarTvelo sul mcire samasi wliT mainc aRmoCndeba gayiduli da damonebuli.
yovelgvar SemoTavazebul matyuara garigebaze uari unda
vTqvaT. erTxel da samudamod, mTlianad da savsebiT, gavemijnoT imperias, saqarTvelom deklarirebiT ki ara (rogorc
Cven gavakeTeT), WeSmaritad unda aRidginos damoukidebloba.
Cven unda SevideT dasavleTis saxelmwifoTa koaliciaSi, unda
gvcnos msofliom damoukidebel saxelmwifod da mere davamyaroT ruseTTan, an nebismier sxva saxelmwifosTan, iseTive
ekonomikuri an kulturuli urTierToba, rogoric, vTqvaT,
danias an belgias aqvs ruseTTan.
arc meti, arc naklebi.
saqarTvelos mtruli garemocva? xom ar ganmeordeba
1918_21 wlebi?
aramc da aramc ar ganmeordeba. jer erTi, saqarTvelos
Tavisi Zlieri gvardia eyoleba da saxelmwifo pasuxs gascems
SemoWril wuwk qurd-bacaca tomebs, meorec, saqarTvelos iseTi mfarvelebi eyoleba, rogoric amerika da Zlieri dasavleTia. ase rom, verc romelime gafxorili okupanti-saxelmwifo
gabedavs saqarTvelos agrerigad dabriyveba-damorCilebas.
Tundac kuveits gagaxsenebT.
ruseTs ormocdaaTi weli mainc unda, rom welSi gaimarTos. evropis ekonomikur-savaWro wrebrunvaSi CarTvidan
erTi Tvis Semdeg saqarTvelos maRaziebi kvlav gaivseba,
damerwmuneT.
Segvikedlebs evropa? iqneb arc mas unda saqarTvelo _
gaRatakebuli Raribi naTesavi?
109
Cven samaTxovro araferi gvWirs. karaqis, xorcis da
tansacmlis nacvlad bevrs rasme SevTavazebT civilizebul
msoflios. magaliTad, Cvens gamouyenebel kurortebs. Tu
gnebavT, ekologiurad sufTa mineralur Tundac, ubralo
sasmel wyals, ase umowyalod rom iRvreba Cveni mTis nakadulebis saxiT...
damoukideblad, upirveles yovlisa, ruseTma unda gvcnos.
TviT ruseTma, imperiam, romlis monobaSic kiserze tyavi gadagvZvra. rumineTis, moldaveTis, an Tundac argentinis mier saqarTvelos cnoba, arafers niSnavs. ruseTma, unda
Segvxsnas apeuri, rogorc baltiispireTs Sexsna. mere swrafad
gvcnobs msoflio.
msoflio xedavs, rom demokratiuli saxelmwifos Seneba
gviWirs. diplomatiisgan Sorsa varT, Cveni diplomatia `kremlis agentebis~ Zebnasa da `mxilebas~ ar Sordeba. amas winaT
CvenSi samoqalaqo omi kinaRam gaCaRda.
xelisuflebam Tu demokratiis gziT ar iara da daSinebadapatimreba-daTrgunvis xelketi ar moisrola, igi ganwirulia dasamarcxeblad. bavSvuri gulubryvilobaa, 2 seqtemberi
an 5 oqtomberi miliciaSi mokalaTebul mtrul Zalebs (isev
`mtrebs~) gadaabralo.
ise mSvenieria `kremlis agentTa~ sia, imdeni WeSmaritad
niWieri erovnuli masStabis inteligentia am siaSi moxvedrili, rom Tamaz wivwivaZem, amas winaT, erT karg gazeTSi dawera:
gemudarebiT CamricxeT kremlis agentTa siaSi da yovelgvar
davalebas Sevasrulebo.
ise gafacicebuli da gamkacrebuli oficialuri presa,
rogorc bolo dros iyo, me ar maxsovs. redaqtorebs, etyoba,
imdenjer auwies yuri, rom am xelisuflebis miniSnebiT gakritikebis uflebasac ar iZleodnen. ramdenime redaqtorma ukan
damibruna oTxi wlis winaT dawerili novela _ `kargad cxovroben gubernatorebi?~
am novelaSi vwerdi erT gubernatorze, romelmac wina gubernatori Camoagdo, magram roca TviTon gaxda gubernatori,
gandidebis maniam Seipyro da imis meaTedic ver gaakeTa, rac
xalxs dapirda, male moswyinda gubernatoroba da gadadga:
opoziciaSi yofna ufro advili yofilao. Cveni prezidenti
Tavis Tavze miiRebs da Sav dRes dagvayriso, mikib-mokibvis
110
gareSe micxadebdnen redaqtorebi. Tumca am novelis simboluri personaJi ar SeiZleboda Cveni prezidenti yofiliyo,
radgan igi daiwera 1987 wels da pirvelad gamoqveynda gazeT
`quTaisSi~ 1989 wlis 23 seqtembers.
cxramet agvistos rom putCi moewyo, 20 agvistos diliT
erTi gazeTis redaqciaSi mivitane werili, romelSic gadaWriT vgmobdi ianaevis SeTqmulebas. moiwones, xelic moaweres,
xval nomerSi iqnebao, dampirdnen, magram ar dabeWdes.
romeli erTi CamogiTvaloT...
Tu ar gvaTqmevineben, Tu pirze xels dagvafareben, rasakvirvelia, izeimebs ganukiTxaoba da diqtatura.
Tu aqamde erTi-ori vyiodiT Tavwasagdebi mamaliviT, axla
mTelma erma gaiRviZa, inteligenciam xma amoiRo.
Tavdasxma SuaRamisas mweralTa kavSiris Senobis fasadze
im Zalebis mier iyo organizebuli, visac surda gaemarTlebina 2 oqtombers mwerlebisTvis mweralTa kavSiris Senobis
daketvis uxerxuli faqti.
mweralTa kavSiris Senoba Seuracxyo viRac nervebsustma
deteqtivma protestis niSnad imisa, rom mweralTa kavSirma am
bolo dros dakarga erovnuli Stabis funqcia da misi xelmZRvaneloba mliqvnelobis arcTu saxarbielo magaliTs iZleva. iqneb es protesti iyo amas winaT `literaturul saqarTveloSi~ gamoqveynebuli `mimomxilvelis~ aSkarad Savrazmuli
statiis mimarTac.
viRac mTvralma `SeiaraRebulma xuliganma~ angariSmiucemlad miuSva avtomatis jeri im Senobis fasadze, sadac
mcxovreblebi ar eguleboda.
asea Tu ise, samive faqti sazizRrobaa.
1991 w.
keTili Suamavali gvWirdeba
gainteresebT piradad Tu Semexo saprezidento diqtatura?
piraduli ra mosatania, magram Tu gainteresebT, mogaxsenebT. gamsaxurdias miTiTebiT da qoriZis gankargulebiT Cem mier daarsebuli Jurnalis `Rimilis~ gamosacemad
111
qaRaldi Semiwyvites. Cemi samtomeulis pirveli tomi aseve
`uqaRaldobis gamo~ SemiCeres. muxran maWavarianma mweralTa kavSiris literaturul asociaciaTa centris Tavmjdomareobidan SeuTanxmeblad gamaTavisufla. da, rac mTavaria,
rogorc Serisxul, opozicioner mwerals ara Tu arafers
mibeWdavdnen oficialuri gazeTebi, Cemi lanZRvis komunisturi tradiciebi gaaTkecebuli energiiT gaagrZeles. kidev
erT `sasacilo~ faqts mogaxsenebT: mweralTa kavSiris axali
wignakebi ar gvergo ramdenime opozicioner mwerals, mgoni
gagvricxa m. maWavarianma mweralTa kavSiridan.
diax, trabaxad Tu ar CamomarTmevT, oficialur, legalur (samwuxarod, jer kidev gvixdeba am sityvis xmareba) presaSi mais-ivnisSi pirvelad me mivaqcevine yuradReba saqarTvelos Cveni liderebis araerT naklze da maTi konsolidaciis
aucileblobas gavusvi xazi (novela `daxvretamde xuTi wuTi
rCeba~), mere keTilganwyobiT, magram sakmaod konkretulad
davwere prezidentis muSaobis zog TvalSisacem xarvezze,
TviT prezidentis ampartavnobis xazgasasmelad unda vTqva,
rom adresati mrisxanebiT Sexvda Cems megobrul rCevebs.
prezidentis banakidan aramkiTxe damcvelebma uniWo polemikis cecxli gamixsnes da qoriZem `komunistebis gamogonil
mwerlad~ gamomacxada. Tu gaxsovT, `putCis~ (?!) dReebSic
gamovaqveyne erTi mwvave statia `dronSi~. im statiis daweris
mizezi sisxliani ori seqtemberi iyo. orma seqtemberma da
xuTma oqtomberma welSi gamtexa. sanam ar moefineba naTeli,
Tu vin gasca brZaneba im dReebSi momitingeTa iaraRiT darbevis Sesaxeb, mSvidad ver daviZineb.
zviadis avadmyofuri Tvisebebis ayvavebas saprezidento
elitamac Seuwyo xeli. patara magaliTs getyviT: saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiris xelmZRvanelobam ver moicala galaktionis 100 wlisTavis aRsaniSnavad da gadavwyviteT es iubile universitetSi gagvemarTa. Tanac survili gvqonda, igi
inteligenciis Serigebis, saerTo droSis qveS dadgomis niSniT Catarebuliyo. marTlac, grandiozuli iubile gaimarTa,
uamravi xalxi moawyda universitets. Cveni saxelovani mwerlebi da msaxiobebi gamovidnen. reqtorma b-nma roin metrevelma STambeWdavi Sesavali sityva Tqva. reqtoris Semdeg me
momiwia gamosvla: iqneb-meTqi, isini, vinc erovnul tvirTs
sxvadasxva mxares veweviT, galaktionis maRalma poeziam erT
muStad Segvkras-meTqi, sityva davamTavre galaktionis leqsis striqonebiT: `...wyaro Cans da wyali arsad ari, yvelaferi
aris Zlier kargad, yvelaferi Zlier cudad aris~. es sityvebi galaktions 50-ian wlebis sinamdvileze aqvs naTqvami.
meore dRes televiziam es saRamo eTerSi gadasca. orsaaTiani
saRamo warmoudgenlad iyo daCexili. viRacas gulmodgined,
`ezruna~, rom universitetSi gamarTuli galaktionis iubile,
rigiT, 35-wuTian poeziis saRamod gadaeqcia. amoWrili iyo
gamosvlebis umetesoba. roca davinteresdi, jer Canaweris
uxarisxobaze (Zveli xerxi) mimiTiTes, mere udroobaze. amas
winaT erTi Cemi televizieli nacnobi Semxvda da saidumlod
`damamSvida~, Seni sityva, imitom amoWres, rom boloSi naTqvami gqonda `yvelaferi Zlier cudad ariso~, sxvebis-meTqi?
xom ici visi naxvac prezidents ar esiamovneboda, is mwerlebi da msaxiobebi amoWreso. ara mgonia, rom profesionali
Jurnalistebi ase dawvrilmadnebodnen, magram faqti, rom
ityvian Tavad RaRadebs. prezidents zedmeti `erTgulebiT~
da `siyvaruliT~ momduravTa ricxvi gaumravles. visi saxis
danaxvac ar gaexardeboda, TviTon aaridebda Tvals, magram
ra SuaSi iyvnen axalgazrda mwerlebi an TviT prezidentis axlobeli msaxiobebic ki ase umowyalod rom amoCexes gadacemidan? amgvari `demokratiiT~, aTasjer gavimeoreb, Cven Sors
ver wavalT, aki verc wavediT.
opozicia, saWiroa da aucilebeli gaxlavT. ar SeiZleba
ase mtkivneulad ganvicdideT mis arsebobas. rom Seexeda
saqarTvelos xelisuflebas opoziciisTvis mSvidad, loialurad, gaeTvaliswinebina, aewon-daewona maTi winadadebani, yvelaferi rigze iqneboda. roca opoziciaSi mtrebs
ar davinaxavT, es nerviuli daZabulobac moixsneba. Tqven
rogor fiqrobT, gana ar igrZnoboda opoziciis umaduri,
lamis Tavisgadadebis fasad gaweuli muSaobis keTili nayofi? moigoneT, ra ambavi atexa opoziciam, roca b-ni akaki
asaTiani lamis daixara moskovSi ekonomikuri da TavdacviT
xelSekrulebaze xelis mosawerad. `vinc xels moawers samSoblos moRalated gamocxaddeso~, imeorebda opozicia.
112
8. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
113
da gana opoziciis damsaxurebac ar aris, rom am dasamxobad gamzadebul imperias Cven erT ekonomikur boZad ar
SevudeqiT da droulad gamovecaleT? gana, gvinda Tu ar
gvinda amis aRiareba, opozicia ar gahyviroda, samaCablos
vuSveloT, droulad davaxmaroT mosaxleobas damcvel moxaliseTa razmebi, Torem saqarTvelos es istoriuli kuTxe
xelidan gveclebao? gana ar gvafrTxilebda opozicia, afxazeTSi proporciuli arCevnebi CavataroT da mosaxleobis
umravlesobis mixedviT (rogorc wesi da rigia) gavanawiloT
adgilebi parlamentSio? Cven ki auxsneli saarCevno TeoriiT
(afxazebs 28 adgili, qarTvelebs _ 26) saqme gavarTuleT da
mTielTa ukanono respublikis Seqmnas, Cveni mxriv, mwvane
Suqi avunTeT. xelisufleba rom jiutad ar mdgariyo `Cems
sityvas ar gadaval, prestiJis saqmea~ poziciaze da politpatimarTa siisTvis ramdenime marTlac rom udanaSaulo
kaci, gamoeklo, an radiosa da televiziaSi zogierTi gamomsvlelisTvis erCiaT, ase radikalurad da gamaRizianeblad,
ase kategoriulad nu isaubrebdnen imaze, raSic maT SedarebiT naklebad daejerebaT, daiqceoda qveyana? ra moxdeboda,
erTi saaTi mainc daeTmoT televiziaSi opoziciisaTvis da
`saqarTvelos respublika~ opoziciur gazeTad ar eqciaT?
msoflios kinovarskvlavebi Suamdgomlobdnen g. xaindravas
gaTavisuflebaze da prezidenti iseT saxes iRebda, TiTqos
araferi gaegona. Tumca Seni xalxis dasaxocad CeCen snaiperebs rom mouxmob, mere romel eris mamobaze da mesiobazea
laparaki?
Cvens erovnul parlaments ar miucia Sefaseba T. patiaSvilis, g. CorgolaSvilis da m. uridias mimarT Zaladobisadmi. gana parlaments Tavisi wevri TviTon ar unda daecva? me
vfiqrob, opozicis lanZRvis maraToni rom gavmarTeT, amiT
isargebles zogierTebma da `kremlis agentebisTvis~ Wkuis
swavleba amgvari meTodebiT scades, ver ki mimxvdaran, rom
amiT xelisuflebis avtoritets ufro meti ziani miayenes, vidre opozicionerebs.
mweralTa kavSiri lamis sami welia aRar funqcionirebs, misma axlandelma xelmZRvanelma muxran maWavarianma yvelaferi
gaakeTa imisaTvis, raTa mweralTa kavSiri Camkvdariyo, ro-
114
gorc TvalsaCino erovnuli Stabi. am SemoqmedebiT kavSirSi,
CvenTvis sruliad moulodnelad, poetma kacma muxran maWavarianma diqtatura da uzurpacia gaamefa. TviT ki mliqvnelobis, mwerlisTvis damamcirebel gzas daadga. ver aRmoCnda
igi mweralTa ojaxis Rirseuli xelmZRvaneli. muxran maWavarianis Tavmjdomareobis periodi samarcxvinoa mweralTa kavSiris mTels istoriaSi. man daSla-gauqmebamde miiyvana mwe­
ralTa kavSiri.
amjerad mTavaria davamtkicoT axali wesdeba. mweralTa
kavSirSi unda iyos erTi ori mdivani, isic morigeobiT, erTi
wlis vadiT da seqciebis Tavmjdomareebi sazogadoebriv sawyisebze. sxva xelmZRvaneli aparati saWiro ar aris. rogor
SeiZ­
leba mwerali mwerlis ufrosi iyos. Cven, yvelani, kolegebi da amxanagebi varT.
samarTlebrivma samsaxurma yvelaferi unda iRonos, raTa
saqarTvelos Tavze `kaenis sulis aRzeveba~ ar moxdes. kanonma
unda ikanonos, moqalaqis uflebebi maqsimalurad unda davicvaT. wesrigi unda damyardes, magram ara ZaladobiT. mogexsenebaT: `romeli aRmaRldes maxviliTa, maxviliTve warxdes igi~.
iuridiulma institutebma didi roli unda iTamaSon, raTa mavanT saSualeba ar mieceT, gasaqani miscen SurisZiebas da pirad qvena grZnobebs. axla istoriuli droa. erTi epoqa meoriT
icvleba. mravldeba ideurad gakotrebulTa da lamis ufunqciod darCenilTa ricxvi. axla yvelaze metad gvmarTebs sikeTis
sxivebs movuxmoT Cvens sulSi. adamianebs sicocxle ar gavumwaroT. unda gaviTvaliswinoT aTian, ocian ocdaaTian da ormocdaaTian wlebSi samarTlebrivi organoebis mier daSvebuli
Secdomebi da sxvis xelSi mosamarTle marionetad an, rac uaresia, robot-jalaTad ki ar viqceT, aramed, keTil Suamavlad da
momrigebel-mosamarTled.
diax. me gonier saqarTveloze mogaxsenebT. samwuxarod,
diqtaturis periodSi sociologiur analizs cudi amindi
edga. sazogadoebrivi azri aravis ainteresebda, Torem erTi
wuTiT mainc Caafiqrebda aseTi savalalo suraTi: niWieri
profesionalebi, inteleqtiT aRWurvili adamianebi erT mxa­
res idgnen, uniWo medroveni, qosatyuila da crubzuila
pirebi ki meore mxares. ara, saqarTvelos orad gayofas me
115
ver davijereb. eri adre Tu gvian yvelafers Tavis saxels
daarqmevs, ciliswameba da avantiura didxans ver iboginebs.
mainc ras efuZneba Cemi optimizmi?
eris sulieri cxovrebis mdidar gamocdilebas. roca saTave wmindaa, wyaldidobisas gaCenili mRvrie Senakadebi mxolod droebiT Seryvnian mdinaris siankares. Tqven rom samsaukunovani da samocdaaTwlovani monobis grZeli periodebi
iciT, es mxolod gareSe damTrgunveli Zalis Sedegi iyo. rogorc ki saqarTvelo gaTavisufldeboda, igi maSinve iwyebda naTel, keTil sawyisebze dafuZnebul, samarTlebriv saxelmwifod Camoyalibebas. ase moxdeba axlac. mudam mjeroda,
rom qarTveli eri maRalkulturuli eria da mas diqtaturis
maryuJs veravin wamoacmevda. aki verc wamoacva.
saqarTvelo yovelTvis didi yuradRebiT usmenda mwerlis
xmas. verc ki warmovidgendi WeSmariti mwerlobis ignorirebiT, Tu ase mokle droSi literaturisadmi guli gaugrildeboda faqizi gemovnebis mqone, gulmodgine mkiTxvelTa erT
nawils. moxda savalalo faqti `uniWo Seumcdarni~ da `niWieri
Semcdarni~ dajardnen literaturaSi. magram es mxolod imaTi
fantaziis nayofia, visac wylis amRvreva surda da Tavis mxatvruli ususurobis dafarvas viTomda mebrZolis nasxvisari
farajiT cdilobs. `niWierni, magram Semcdarni~ sinamdvileSi
ar arseboben. WeSmariti niWiereba mokrZalebuli da xSirad
uCinaria, uniWoba ki utifrobaSi gadadis zojer. Cem Tvalwin
bevri Cemi nacnobi gamasxaravda Tavisi umwifari azrebis wamdauwum eTerSi frqveviT.
15 ianvari, 1991 w.
mTavaria erovnuli fenomenis gaZliereba
qarTuli erovnuli fenomenis gaZliereba dRes saqarTvelosTvis upirveles saqmed mimaCnia. me sazogadoeba `Tvistomis~ prezidenti gaxlavarT da swored aqeTken aris mimarTuli am sazogadoebis saqmianobac. meaTased vimeoreb: Tu
Cveni da Cveni `stumrebis~ gamravlebis tempi aseTive darCa,
116
ormocdaaTi wlis Semdeg saqarTveloSi qarTvel prezidents
veRar avirCevT, radgan qarTvelebi samSobloSi erovnul umciresobaTa Soris aRmoCndebian.
visac saqarTvelos Tavisufleba piraduli keTildReobisaTvis unda, vinc `Cems Semdeg qva qvaze nu darCebas~ egoistur Teoriaze dgas, mxolod is medaveba. brma unda iyo kaci,
rom ver dainaxo kars momdgari istoriis veSapi, romelic
erovnuli gaqrobiT gvemuqreba. sxvaTa Soris, Cven imperia mSvidobiani demografiuli dapyrobis xerxiTac gvitevs.
gana ar vici saqarTveloSi qarTuli erovnuli fenomenis gaZlierebaze laparaki mTlad momgebiani rom ar aris
msoflio politikis TvalsazrisiT.
politikosebma TavianTi saqme TviTon ician, CemTvis ki
sul erTi ar aris, xval umetesoba vin iqneba saqarTveloSi:
qarTveli, somexi, azerbaijaneli Tu rusi. Tu gnebavT, es viwro nacionalizmSi CamomarTviT.
am TvalsazrisiT rogor vuyureb saqarTvelos axali xelisuflebis saqmianobas?
didi imediT. eWvs vin Seitans zviad gamsaxurdias gul­
wrfel survilebsa da patriotul ganwyobaSi, magram me minda,
Sinaurma Tu gareSe opoziciam mas Tavs ar moaxvios kosmopolitizmis unapiroba, ar daaviwyos, rom saqarTvelos demografiuli viTareba friad specifikuria da `didi politikis~
qarboriebs ar eTanawyobeba.
Tqven warmoidgineT, amis saSiSroebac arsebobs. me piradad miuReblad mimaCnia is samoqalaqo kanoni, sadac garkveviT ar weria, rom saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis misaRebad sul
cota aTi weli mainc unda cxovrobde am miwaze, rom moqalaqeobis ufleba qarTuli miwis mitacebis mcdelobiT ki ara,
mSvidobiani TanacxovrebiT da qarTuli ena-kulturis codniT unda moipovo. ra dasamalia, Cven am bolo sami wlis manZilze ganukiTxaobis da eTnokonfliqtebis gamo bevri `moZme
kavkasieli~ Semogvexuta. zogma maTganma qrTamiT Cawerac ki
moaxerxa, nuTu isinic saqarTvelos moqalaqeebad unda vaqcioT? Cemi azriT, ara!
raki moqalaqeobis kanoni pirveli mosmeniT (?!) miviReT,
misgan gamomdinare, miwis kanonsac pirveli mosmeniT Tu pirveli wakiTxviT taSiskvriT miviRebT. Sedegi: saqarTvelos so-
117
flebSi dRes qarTveli samoc procentze naklebi cxovrobs.
swrafgamravlebad ormoc procent stumars qarTveli miwis
ormoc procents samudamo sakuTrebad rom daumtkiceb, iciT,
amas ra mohyveba? _ Cvens SviliSvilebs mamasisxlad gamosas­
yidi gauxdebaT qarTuli miwa. Tavi davaneboT im ekologiur
ubedurebebs, rac qarTul miwaze gadamTielma daatriala, rakiRa am miwas uyurebs rogorc gamdidrebis wyaros da ara
mamapapur memkvidreobas.
gaiara sistemis SecvliT gamowveulma aRtyinebam, mitin­
gebis periodma da damoukideblobis deklarirebis eiforiam,
qveyanam saqme mogvTxova, ra miveciT wyeuli komunisturi
reJimis nacvlad: pirovnebis Tavisufleba? _ ara, ekonomikuri keTildReoba? _ ara, realuri damoukidebloba? _ ara
da ara. maS?
qarTveli kaci verc imiT gavaxareT, rac Cvenzea damokidebuli. vin ifiqrebda xalxis mier arCeuli xelisufalni erTmaneTs
Zveli politikuri leqsikonidan amoRebul terminebs `xalxis
mters~ da `mavnebels~ dauZaxebdnen? vin ifiqrebda usaxsrobiT gamwarebul inteligents `parazitad~ gamoacxadebdnen, or
adgilas xelfass ratom Rebulob an rusTavelze gaumarTavi
manqaniT ratom dadixaro? nuTu Tvalebis briali, gandidebis
mania da represiebi komunisturi tiraniidan memkvidreobiT
unda gadmogvyoloda Tavisufal saqarTveloSi?
gulgatexisgan RmerTma dagvifaros, mjera, rom welSi
gavimarTebiT da istoriis am Znel mosaxvevsac gavivliT, magram
aucilebelia demokratiuli qveynis cxovrebiT vicxovroT. mxolod erTmaneTis naklze miTiTebiT da WeSmariti kritikis ataniT mivaRwevT progress. cxovreba yoveldRiurad icvleba. ar
SeiZleba yovel cismare dRe amoviRoT skivridan aTi-TxuTmeti
wlis winaT dawerili Cveni werilebi da saboloo WeSmaritebis
pretenziiT, mowinave werilebad vabeWdvinoT Cvendami daqvemdebarebul gazeTebs. ar SeiZleba eWvis TvaliT vucqiroT yvelas
da yvelafers. ar SeiZleba cxvris tyavSi gaxveuli mgeli ver
SevniSnoT da mwvane gza mivceT im mafiebs, komunisturi reJimis
drosac suls rom uxuTavda patiosan xalxs.
rac SeiZleba swrafi tempiT unda gaviaroT anarqiis es
metad saSiSi periodi. xalxma sakolmeurneo qoneba daitaca.
118
bazarze da maRaziebSic vin ras ra fasad yidis, kaciSvili
ar kiTxulobs. sawyal kacs ufro da ufro uWirs cxovreba.
amas erTi kaci ver gaswvdeba. xom ar dadga dro, `mivaSveloT
avTandili tariels?~
saqarTvelos xelisufleba saukuneebis miRma diplomatiis
saswaulebs axdenda kavkasiis xalxebTan urTierTobaSi. qveynis xelmZRvaneli didi gamWriaxobiTa da mimtevebeli bunebiT
unda gamoirCeodes, magram arasworad mimaCnia somxeTTan genetikuri erTianobis TeoriiT da Jurnalistis darbazidan
gaZevebis praqtikiT qveynis marTva.
zviad gamsaxurdia udidesi mwerlis Svilia. Tavad mas,
rogorc eris winamZRols, bevri Zvirfasi Tviseba gaaCnia.
uSiSaria, ganswavluli da samSoblos erTguli. magram me mas
vurCev `asjer gazome da erTxel gaWeri~ gaixados cxovrebis
sibrZned, mstovar-damsmenT gulisyuri ar aTxovos, agrZnobinos qeba-didebis saRerRelaSlil adamianebs, rom misgan
kults nu Seqmnian. saqarTvelos axali kulti ar sWirdeba.
axla mTavaria erovnuli fenomenis gaZliereba. unda vizrunoT rom sul raRac aTeuli wlis Semdeg saqarTveloSi
qarTveli erovnul umciresobaTa Soris ar aRmoCndes, Torem yvelaferi daRupulia, Tundac absoluturad Tavisufal
saqarTvelos saqarTvelo aRar erqmeva, Tu misi mosaxleobis
erovnuli Semadgenloba stumari erebis umravlesobiT ganisazRvreba. droa aqeTken mivmarToT Cveni Zalisxmeva.
saWiroa, ar davuSvaT sxva erovnebis warmomadgenelTa
masobrivi imigracia, gavamagroT sazRvrebi, gavataroT moqalaqeobis kanoni, avamuSaoT eris gamravlebis meqanizmebi. xeli
SevuwyoT `qarTuli kulturis dominants~ saqarTveloSi.
11 seqtemberi, 1991 w.
`me optimisti var~
RmerTma nu qnas, rom qarTuli skola, iakob gogebaSvilis
liboCadgmuli skola, gamouval mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndes.
magram, pedagogTa wuxili CemTvis absoluturad gasagebia.
119
dRes skola marTlac umZimes mdgomareobaSia. adre laparaki
iyo skolis reformaze, me maSinac gamovTqvi Cemi skeptikuri
damokidebuleba imitom, rom saTanado bazebisa da ekonomikuri sayrdenebis gareSe reforma, mogexsenebaT, SeuZlebelia. xelovnuri galamazeba radikaluri cvlilebebis moxdenis gareSe, ra Tqma unda, reforma ar aris. mere reformis
morevSi ukompasod Securebul ganaTlebis sistemas mouswro
saqarTvelos erovnulma gamoRviZebam. roca momavali saqarTvelos WeSmariti patronis sulier-fizikuri Camoyalibebis
nacvlad zogierTebi cdilobdnen mowafeTa gamoyenebas TavianTi ambiciuri politikuri miznebisaTvis, mere roca damoukideblobis deklaraciiT scades ganmaTavisuflebeli
moZraobisaTvis zRvari daedoT, gamoacxades skolis absoluturi depolitizacia. es, ra Tqma unda, sworia, magram
depolitizacia ise ar unda gavigoT, rom skolaSi sulierma
anarqiam daisadguros da mozardis goneba ar gavamdidroT
sikeTisa da samSoblos siyvarulis maRali idealebiT. samarTlianad gauqmda pioneruli organizaciebi da komkavSiri,
magram me vfiqrob, am komunisturi organizaciebis nacvlad
skolaSi koleqtivizmis, urTierTmegobrobis saerTo saqmisadmi samsaxuris grZnobebis gaRvivebis mizniT, raRac sxva saSualebebi unda movZebnoT. Torem iciT ra gamodis? gakveTili
mTavrdeba da bavSvebi brundebian saxlSi (ukeTes SemTxvevaze
mogaxsenebT). skola TiTqmis Cakvda, aRar aris Sekrebebi, aRar
aris Tundac kulturis ZeglTa aRsadgeni razmeulebic ki.
Cakvda TviTSemoqmedeba. marto gakveTilis amara darCenili
skola ki Tavis RvTiur daniSnulebas ver Seasrulebs.
samwuxarod aseTi viTarebac SeimCneva: skolaSi gamefebuli erTferovnebis gamo aramarto moswavles gautyda guli
gakveTilis mimarT, zogierTi maswavlebelic ki indiferentuli gaxda Tavisi movaleobisadmi. aramarto moswavles ar unda
iswavlos, Tqven warmoidgineT, maswavlebelic aRar aswavlis
Zveleburi enTuziazmiT.
rasakvirvelia, me gamonaklisebze vambob, magram iseT
gamonaklisebze, rac ukve sagangaSoa. moswavlis mier gulis
acrueba gakveTilisadmi sxva mizezebTan erTad iman gamoiwvia,
rom Cven diferencirebuli swavleba saTanadod ver ganvaxorcieleT, xolo maswavleblis gulis gatexvas Tavisi Rrma
120
socialuri mizezebi aqvs; daiRala Cveni skola cru dapirebebiT, daiRala ganuxorcielebeli gegmebiT da programebiT,
daiRala, pirdapir rom vTqvaT, tyuiliT oficialuri xelisuflebis mxridan, rasac Cveni skolis mesveurebi komunisturi
da arakomunisturi xelisuflebis dros yoveli fexis nabijze
awydebodnen. ganaxorcielebdnen cru reformebs da skola
bolos gaaxsendebodaT. TiTqos igi meorexarisxovani saqme
iyo. ganaTlebis saministro urTierTsawinaaRmdego urTierTgamomricxavi direqtivebiT aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi
xelmZRvanelobda. im ubralo mizezebis gamo, rom ministrebis
umetesobas bolo dromde skolasTan mxolod is kavSiri hqondaT, rom skola hqondaT damTavrebuli. da bolos da bolos
isic xom faqtia, rom skolis muSaki Cvens sazogadoebaSi socialurad yvelaze ufro daucveli pirovnebaa.
ra Tqma unda, sayovelTao ganaTlebis ybadaRebuli principebis gamoyenebam Cvens skolas didi ziani miayena da misi ukugdeba Cveni erovnuli skolis monapovaria, magram skolis sruli
depolitizaciisa ar iyos, aqac meore ukiduresobaSi CavvardiT.
Tu adre e. w. ganTesil bavSvebs maswavleblebi Sin akiTxavdnen
da quCa-quCa daeZebdnen, radganac skolis gareT darCenili mozardi udides `xarvezad~ eTvlebodaT, dRes, visac swavlisaTvis Sesaferisi inteleqti da zneobrivi monacemebi ar gaaCnia,
mSvidad istumreben skolidan. mere? bavSvi quCaSi rCeba. quCaSi
darCenili mozardi ki tragediaa. mas aTasi cuRluturi fiqri
mosdis TavSi da nuravis gaukvirdeba Tu maTi araerTi warmomadgeneli dambaCamomarjvebuli yaCaRobs da aTas sisaZagles
sCadis. Tu skolis miRma darCenils yuradRebas movaklebT, mas
saTanadod ar davasaqmebT, an Tavisi SesaZleblobebis gamovlenis pirobebs ar SevuqmniT, Cven danaSauls CavidenT axalgazrda
kacis winaSe swored im asakSi, rodesac mas yvelaze metad sWirdeba yuradReba da mzrunveloba.
Cveni skolis aqilevsis qusli saxelmZRvaneloebis uqonloba gaxlavT.
erovnuli skolis koncefciis araerTi lamazad dawerili
muxli wamikiTxavs da bedniereba iqneboda cxovrebaSi maTi
gatarebis momswrec rom vyofiliyavi. magram rogorc bevri ram, ukanasknel wlebSi es koncefciac qaRaldze darCa.
121
e. w. sabWoTa skolis uaryofis Semdeg suliad bunebrivia
saxelmZRvaneloebi erTbaSad moZvelda, gansakuTrebiT humanitarul sagnebSi. saWiro gaxda axali saxelmZRvaneloebi.
sabunebismetyvelo da maTematikur sagnebSi saqme SedarebiT
ioli Canda, radganac dasawyisi etapisaTvis sakmarisi iyo
ucxo enebze Seqmnili saxelmZRvaneloebis Targmna da qarTuli skolebisaTvis maTi misadageba. samagierod, humanitarul sagnebSi urTulesi problemebis winaSe aRmovCndiT.
dameTanxmebiT, rom saTanado saxelmZRvaneloebi dRemde
ara gvaqvs da misi SeqmnisaTvis Tu ise vizrunebT, rogorc
aqamde, karga xansac ar gveqneba. patara magaliTs mogaxsenebT Cemi praqtikidan. amas winaT ganaTlebis saministroSi dagviZaxes da gviTxres qarTuli enisa da literaturis
meTodsabWos wevrebi brZandebiT da saxelmZRvanelos SeqmnaSi unda mogveSveloTo. aqamde ra gakeTda-meTqi _ vikiTxe.
aqamdeo, sami-oTxi jgufi ukve xuTi welia wers saxelmZRvaneloebs, magram dRemde amaod veliT ganaTlebis saministroSi saxelmZRvaneloebso. davpirdi, gadavdeb yovelgvar
saqmes, Sevqmni profesional literatorTa jgufs, dRedaRames gavasworeb da gaZlevT pirobas, rom rva TveSi uaxlesi
qarTuli literaturis, e. i. (X_XI klasis saxelmZRvanelo)
Tqvens magidaze iqneba-meTqi. marTlac iqve sabWos sxdomaze SevadgineT ori jgufi, romelTagan erTi imuSavebda
Teoriul saxelmZRvaneloze, meore qrestomaTiaze. saWiro
iyo winaswar programis damtkiceba sabWoze. es programac
SevadgineT. sabWom moiwona da daamtkica. gavida ramdenime
Tve da rodesac samuSaos didi nawili Sesrulebuli gvqonda, saministrodan moulodnelad damirekes: batono revaz,
bodiSi unda mogixadoT, magram saxelmZRvanelos avtorTa
Zveli jgufebi gavauqmeT, axali SevqmeniT Tqven saxelmZRvaneloze muSaobas nuRar gaagrZelebT, radganac araTu
avtorTa koleqtivis xelmZRvaneli, aramed sabWos wevric
aRar brZandebiTo.
rogor fiqrobT, am gziT Seiqmneboda saxelmZRvaneloebi?
roca saqmes profesionalizmi ki ara, piradi simpaTia-antipaTiebi gansazRvravs. me vfiqrob iq, erisaTvis sasargeblo da
saSviliSvilo saqme ar gakeTdeba.
ra viTarebaa umaRles skolaSi?
122
universitetis TanamSromeli gaxlavarT da SemiZlia
universitetis magaliTze mogaxsenoT. umaRlesi saswavlebeli skolidan gadmocemul estafetas agrZelebs. amitom,
Tu skolidan jansaRi, saTanadod momzadebuli Taoba ar
wamovida, umaRlesi saswavlebeli umweo aRmoCndeba. mTeli
pasuxismgeblobiT unda giTxraT, rom meamayeba studentaxalgazrdobasTan urTierToba. ukanasknel xanebSi sayovelTaod gaxda cnobili, rom Cven uaRresad erudirebuli,
principuli, amayi da erovnuli saqmeebis keTebisaTvis mzadmyofi studentoba gvyavs. dRes studentoba WeSmaritad
didi socialuri Zalaa. mivesalmebi umaRlesi saswavleblisaTvis avtonomiis miniWebas. sworad mimaCnia droebiTi
xelisuflebis is RonisZiebebic, rom universitetisa Tu institutis reqtorebs Tavad umaRlesi saswavleblebi irCeven.
Tqven ar gikiTxavT, magram me unda gipasuxoT, rom am bolo
xans gansacvifrebeli erTgulebiT mobrunda Cveni axalgazrdoba wignisa da auditoriisaken. guSinwin uaxles qarTul
literaturaSi filologiis me-5 kursTan gamocda mqonda
da friad nasiamovnebi davrCi maTi codnis doniT. auditoriebi kvlav gaivso studentebiT, maT saocari pasuxismgebloba igrZnes droisa da epoqis winaSe da darwmundnen, rom
sazogadoebaSi maT adgils maTi profesiuli daostateba didad gansazRvravs. warsuls Cabarda studentebis umecrebad
gamocxadeba da maTi, rogorc sazogadoebis avangarduli
nawilis, ignorirebis mavne tendenciebi. me optimisti kaci
var da Cveni, rogorc saSualo, aseve umaRlesi skolis momavali imediT mavsebs.
12 Tebervali, 1992 w.
nuTu yvelaze gulCvilni Cven unda
aRmovCndeT?
amas winaT vladikavkazSi mcxovrebma qarTvelma, revaz
gvritiSvilma, SemomCivla: osebma yvelaferi wamarTves, ubinaod davrCi. Cems saxlSi samaCablodan ltolvili osebi Seasaxles, me ki davkari fexi da Tqven mogaSureT, unda damex-
123
maroTo. madloba RmerTs sxvebic usmendnen Cvens saubars da
SeTxzva gulisamaCuyebeli ambisa, ar damWirvebia. xom xedavT,
qarTvelebs ubodiSod saxl-kars arTmeven Cemi `megobari~ osebi da eubnebian, mousvi aqedano.
yovel Rones vixmarT, rom gvritiSvils TavSesafari aRmovuCinoT. aseTebi yoveldRiurad aTobiT makiTxaven. sxvaTa
Soris, SarSan `Tvistomis~ saxeliT mivmarTeT CrdiloeT oseTSi mcxovreb qarTvelebs da iqidan mxolod sami moqalaqe
gamogvexmaura, da samivem mxolod TbilisSi, rusaTvelis
prospeqtze moindoma dasaxleba. kidev erTxel vrwmundebi,
rom `Tvistomis~ pozicia _ mosaxleobis erovnuli niSnis
mixedviT gacvla-gamocvlis Sesaxeb sworia, oRond vTxov
CrdiloeT oseTidan ltolvil qarTvelT dasaxldnen samaCabloSi. swored iq gvWirdeba umTavresad qarTuli fenomenis
gaZliereba.
axla saqarTveloSi ormoci procenti stumari cxovrobs.
saqarTvelo saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi araerT imperias hqonda dapyrobili, magram ucxo erebis avtonomiebis gaCena qarTul miwaze ruseTis imperiis garda fiqradac aravis mosvlia.
swored es ukanono avtonomiebia Cveni dRevandeli ubedurebis
Tavi da Tavi.
maS ase, saqarTvelos teritoriaze ukanono avtonomiebis
gauqmeba _ es aris gamosavali. sxva yvelaferi sakiTxis droebiT mifuCeCeba iqneba.
somxebma da azerbaijanelebma es sakiTxi SarSan sam dReSi
gadawyvites. ar mouklavs msoflios Tavi imaze, rom somxebma
da azerbaijanelebma mosaxleoba erTmaneTSi gacvales.
sxvaTa Soris Cvens mezobel am qveynebs iseTi saSiSi demografiuli siWrele ar hqoniaT, rogor Cven gvaqvs. me kargad
mesmis, rom es nabiji mTlad demokratiuli ar gaxlavT, magram
Cven sxva gza ara gvaqvs. Tu ase gagrZeldeba, ormocdaaTi
wlis Semdeg saqarTveloSi qarTvelebi erovnul umciresobaTa Soris aRmovCndebiT.
amitom maqsimum ori wlis ganmavlobaSi mSvidobianad unda
gavaciloT saqarTvelodan stumar erTa Warbi mosaxleobis
daaxloebiT 90 procenti.
Tqven warmoidgineT erTi wlis winaT gfr-m oTxmocdaTx-
124
uTmeti aTasi Turqi daabruna samSobloSi, SarSan seqtemberSi
italiam ormociaTas alJirels uCvena gza alJirisaken, xolo
axlaxan, Tve-naxevris win mSvidobianma da wynarma Sveciam
ocdarvaaTasi Turqi gaasaxla Sveciidan erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi. nuTu yvelaze gulCvilni Cven unda aRmovCndeT?
nuTu, unda SevurigdeT saqarTvelos daqcevas? xom xedavT,
ra saocari energiiT ebRauWeba gadamTieli qarTul miwas.
movkvdebi da ar waval aqedano, brZanebs osi da Cvens miwaze
samkvdro-sasicocxlo oms gvicxadebs.
avRaneTis omi, mogexsenebaT, politikuri sibecis Sedegi
iyo, romelsac uazrod Seewira aTasobiT axalgazrda, maT Soris saqarTvelos Svilebic.
avRaneTis omi pirveli dapyrobiTi omi rodi iyo e.w. sabWoTa imperiisa, magram am omma yvelaze ukeT gamoamJRavna Cveni imperiis sidample. imperiam faqtobrivad waago omi lamis
erT muWa (CvenTan SedarebiT), magram Tavisi miwis dasacavad
aRmsdgar, Seupovar avRanel patriotebTan.
marTalia, `sabWoTa jariskaci~ msoflios armiaTa progresuli statusiT dampyroblis mantiiT Sevida istoriaSi,
magram ranairad SemiZlia dampyrobeli vuwodo omSi brZanebiT, Zalad CaTreul qarTvel ymawvilebs. sxva ara iyos
ra, qarTveli kacis buneba ar iZleva dampyroblis, agresoris
araviTar niSans.
rac Seexeba avRaneTis sakiTxs mxatvrul literaturaSi, mgoni, me var erTaderTi qarTveli mwerali, romelmac
davwere da am ori wlis winaT `ciskarSi~ gamovaqveyne novela
avRaneTidan dabrunebul qarTvel invalid jariskacze. es
novela saxelwodebiT `martivi gavrcobili winadadeba~ _ Sesulia Cems axal wignSi `ganaCeni~.
centraluri televiziis erT-erT cilismwameblur informaciaSi `avRanelebi~, qarTveli `baevikebad~ monaTles.
darwmunebuli var avRaneTis veteranTa saqarTvelos kavSirs axlandel erovnul omSi qarTuli miwis dasacavad rom
gagvimarTavs, erovnul gvardiasa da qarTul miliciasTan erTad yvelaze didi sargeblobis motana SeuZlia.
sxva ara iyos ra, maT xom saomari gamocdileba aqvT da
mkerdSi saqarTvelosaTvis atkivebuli guli ucemT. me vici,
125
rogor isaxeles Tavi qarTvelma `avRanelebma~, romlebic qarTuli miliciis mxardamxar ibrZodnen, osi separatistebis
asalagmavad. me vfiqrob, mamaci kavSiri kvlavac araerTgzis
ityvis Tavis sityvas.
rac Seexeba mowodebas iaraRis masobrivi Cabarebis Sesaxeb,
Cems pirad Tvalsazriss mogaxsenebT, me am Teorias mTlianad
ver gaviziareb. erTmaneTisagan unda ganvasxvaoT erovnuli
SeiaraRebuli formirebani da yaCaRTa bandebi. warmoidgineT,
rom daviT aRmaSenebels eTqva: xmali da xanjali ar davunaxo
arc erT qarTvels welze, dauyovnebliv CagvabareTo. piriqiT, axla iseTi droa, rom yvela qarTveli unda SeiaraRdes
Tundac Tavdacvis mizniT. oRond me, mwerali, vurCev yvelas,
es iaraRi sakuTar moZmeTa winaaRmdeg ar mimarTos.
am samocdaaTi wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos pirvelad
mouwia dampyrobTagan Tavisi miwis uSualod dacva samaCabloSi.
samwuxarod, mxolod nawilobriv gaamarTla Cemi imdebi
qarTulma miliciam. saerTod, madloba unda vuTxra Cveni
Sinagani saministros piradi Semadgenlobis im nawils, dResac
vaJkacurad rom acxadebs _ Cveni miwis arc erT mtkavels os
gadamTiels cocxali TaviT ar davuTmobo.
aqve unda mogaxsenoT, rom Turme imperiam samSoblos dacvis nervi moaduna CvenSi. gadavCvevivarT brZolas.
araerTgzis vesaubre samaCablodan gamoqceul qarTvel
mamakacebs: nuTu sindisis qenjnas ar grZnobT Tqveni saxlkari ase samarcxvinod rom miatoveT-meTqi. gasagebia qalebis,
moxucebisa da bavSvebis evakuacia, magram Tqven rogor eguebiT am sastumroebis foieSi jdomas, roca Tqvens saxlebSi
osi yaCaRebi parpaSoben-meTqi.
iciT zogma ra mipasuxa? me Tu movkvdi da col-Svili Tu
amiwiokes, arc samaCablo minda aseTi da arc saqarTveloo.
Tavs xom ar Sevaklav miwis gulisTviso.
Semzara am dedlurma gancxadebam.
xedavT, rogor mogvrevia qoni gulze?
erTma yinCad gamomicxada: iaraRi ar gvqonda da imitom
gamoviqeciTo. qarTuli skola rom dagiwves, miveparebodi
SuaRamisas da osur skolas davwvavdi-meTqi, mivuge. jer Tavi
126
Caqindra da imwamsve ipova `gamosavali~: batono revaz, cuds
cudiTve xom ar gadavuxdidiTo. es cvednuri, aravaJkacuri
`gamosavalia~.
saidan movida, saidan damkvidrda daviT aRmaSeneblis STamomavlis fsiqikaSi es silaCre?
qarTveli deda omSi cxra Svils agzavnida da cxrave Svilis sikvdils mamulis TavisuflebisaTvis brZolaSi lamis
Seguebuli iyo (`Tu amas gavigonebdi, ar vitirebdi mkvdrebzeda~).
Cven? oRond me ar vemsxverplo, me araferi momivides, Cems
Svils ziani ar miadges da ra vqna, rac iqneba iqnebao... es ganwyobileba uSvelis, es daicavs qveyanas?
axla saWiroa erovnulma gvardiam, miliciam, avRanelTa
korpusma gverdiT amoiyenoT samaCablodan gamoqceuli, kurdRlebiviT SeSinebuli qarTveli mamakacebi da daikavoT qarTvelTa mitovebuli saxlebi, raTa os eqstremistebs ar misceT Sig gamagrebis saSualeba.
yvela saxli cixe-simagred unda iqces.
4 Tebervali, 1991 w.
damoukideblobis uremi Sin mitanili
nuravis hgonia
amaswinaT universitetis ezoSi ucnobma mamakacma SemaCera
da yovelgvari mikibv-mokibvis gareSe miTxra:
CamovsxdeT merxze, unda gekamaToTo.
politikaze-meTqi? SiSiT vkiTxe.
diax, politikazeo.
yvelaze advili iyo, bodiSi momexada da gavridebodi. me
politikosi ar gaxlavarT, kompetenturi ver viqnebi, sxva moZebneT-meTqi, magram Cems Tavs gamovutydi, rom amis ufleba
ar mqonda. skeptikurad ki Tavidanve ganvewye, rakiRa dRemde
visac vekamaTe, veravin veraferSi davarwmune. iotisodenadac
ver Sevacvlevine is Sexeduleba, riTac kamaTi damiwyo. ami-
127
tom gadavwyvite, ar Rirs enis sarsali imaze, rac uSedegoameTqi, magram amjerad gavtexe sityva. kaci movida da Tavis
simarTleSi darwmuneba surs. ra ufleba gaqvs xeli auqnio da
gaecalo.
vilaparakeT daaxloebiT or saaTs.
kamaTi ise dasrulda, rogorc movelodi.
ori qarTveli kidev ufro davSordiT erTmaneTs. igi CemTvis Rrma ucnobad darCa, me misTvis akviatebuli azrebis
patron revaz miSvelaZed.
ucnobis Sedexulebani:
porti gaaZvireT, SevardnaZes gundruks ukmevT da msoflio
diplomatiis yvela monapovars am bolo aTwleulSi mamaTel
politikoss miawerT, Tumca ar SeiZleba ar icodeT, rom
TviT gorbaCovis (SevardnaZe mxolod misi karnaxiT moqmedebda) mier ganxorcielebul reformebs berketad ekonomikur
da politikur SejibrSi Cveni damamarcxebeli amerika edga.
ar geSiniaT istoriis msjavris? Tqven ggoniaT, ise gansjis
XXI saukunis qarTveli, rogorc axla Tqveni gazeTebi weren?
Zalian mogwonT gvardia suverenuli afxazeTis teritoriaze rom SeiWra? iqneb me ver gavige da ukve daurigdaT miwa
glexebs? iqneb miecaT mcirexelfasianebs gaZvirebuli puris
kompensacia? vis atyuebdiT? vis?
kmayofili xar, rac xdeba? es gsurdaT? es aris Tqveni demokratia? kanonieri prezidenti gaaqcieT. kanonieri parlamenti garekeT. prezidentis da misi momxreebis lanZRva-ginebis
korianteli daayeneT. Tanamdebobebze mxolod yofil komunistur elitas uxmoben. mTavrobis droebiTma xelmZRvanelma
SeTqmulebis monawile Tavisi amqris wevrTa sia Camowera da
sakonsultacio sabWod monaTla. gaqceuli prezidenti giJad
da misi zogi ministri xazinis qurdad gamoacxades. mSvidobian demonstrantebs tyvias esvrian da meore dRes acxadeben:
cecxli TviTon gagvixsneso. xom yofila marTali zviadi, yovel Rame rom gahyviroda, amxileT, gamanadgurebineT opozicia, Torem mTavrobis saxlze Tavdasxma mzaddebao. gana iseTi
ra daaSaves qoriZem, petriaSvilma da sxvebma, SiSiT saxlidan
cxviri rom ver gamouyviaT am `demokratiuli xelisuflebis~
xelSi? xom xedavT, wyals rom miaqvs Cveni damoukideblobis
zviadiseuli monapovrebi? aki mSvenivrad eaxla urdos Tengiz sigua da samokavSireo xelisuflebas kbili mousinja? aki
araerTgzis iTqva televiziis ekranidan rusis jars statusi
Seecvala, igi okupanti armia aRar ariso? maS, ra aris? iqneb
arc Cven varT dapyrobili qveyana? Tu zviadi ver itanda gansxvavebul azrs, Tqven ki vardad gefinebaT gulze? ra ambavi
daatexeT `qartia-91~-s demonstantTa daxvreta rom ar mogiwonaT. karieristebi, uskamod darCenis gamo ganawyenebulebi,
dividendebs gamodevnebuli umwifara politikosebi uwodeT.
rao? Tqven ukeTesi gziT migyavT qveyana? puri da trans-
(kantikunti imitom, rom Cemi mokamaTe kontrarguments
ar dagidevdaT, igi monologis principiT moqmedebda da TandaTan vrwmundebodi, rom Cemi azri didad ar ainteresebda,
amitomac wamis meaTed pauzas rom vupovidi, maSinve vesrodi
frazas, romelsac igi, rasakvirvelia, upasuxod tovebda).
jer imaSi SevTanxmdeT, rom me droebiTi xelisuflebis
warmomadgeneli ar gaxlavarT da raki Tqveneul `kanonier
prezidents~ opoziciaSi vedeqi, es imas rodi niSnavs, rom Cemi
Sexedulebebi movlenebze prezidentis bunkeridan gaqcevis
dResve miwas mivabare da axla yvelas yvelaferSi veTanxmebi.
am axal cxovrebaSi is momwons, rom Tengiz sigua nervebdawyobili inteligenti Cans, wonasworobas ar kargavs, ambiciebs ar
hyveba, korespondents Tundac utaqto SekiTxvis dros gareT
gagdebiT ar emuqreba, Tavisi rezidenciis win mitingebs ar
iwyobs da qarTvelTa erT nawils meore nawilis ganadgurebisken ar mouwodebs, mSiSara ar aris da mosalodneli safrTxis dros bunkerSi ar miZvreba. rogor ar momewonos baqraZetaliaSvilis radio-televiziis fonze Cveni ganaxlebuli
televizia Zlivs qarTul filmebs rom uCvenebs da saqarTvelos satkivarze rom saubrobs? ar gaxsovs, ra uyo presas
gamsaxurdiam? samoci profesionali Jurnalisti televiziidan quCaSi rom gareka, rogor gabedeT da SemekamaTeTo.
128
9. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
Cemi kantikunti CanarTebi
129
mere gazeTebs Tavis neba-survilze rom auqm-amsxvilebda,
`saqarTvelos respublikis~ redaqtorobidan pawawkintela simarTlisaTvis mamuka faCuaSvili rom gaagdo da wera-kiTxvis
mciremcodne m. abaiSvili daniSna? dagaviwydaT ra sityvebi
ifrqveoda da ra saSineli leqsebi ismoda prezidentis sainformacio mitingebis tribunidan? rogor moiTmineT Tqven,
rigiTma qarTvelma TiTqmis yvela gamoCenil (oriode gamonaklisis garda) qarTvel mwerals, reJisors, mecniers da msaxiobs eris moRalate da kriminaluri inteligenciis warmomadgeneli rom uwoda, xolo sigua, naTaZe da Sengelaia manqanis
qurdebad rom gamoacxada? nuTu Tqven is kaci xarT, rom mSvidad SexvdebodiT eris gonebisa da sindisis _ inteligenciis fizikur ganadgurebas, rasac ase energiulad amzadebda
eqstazSi Sesuli diqtatori?
kanonieri parlamenti garekeTo? vin gareka? nuTu ar
gaxsovT, rogor exvewebodnen, SeikribeT, ganagrZeT muSaobao, magram prezidiumis Tavmjdomares _ akaki asaTians gulma
ar misca neba im saxelgatexili parlamentisTvis eTavkaca,
prezidentis xelis aqnevaze meyvseulad rom darokdeboda.
televiziiT mainc ar ginaxavT erTpartiuli (`mrgvali magida~) parlametis sxdomebi? gana im sxdomebze ar zeimobda araprofesionalizmi da Zalmomreoba? profesionalizmze gamaxsenda; komunisturi partia saqarTveloSi ukve aRar arsebobs
da Tu droebiT mTavrobaSi profesionalebs, magram yofil
komunistebs dauZaxes, nuTu didi danaSaulia? gana Zalian
bevria Wkuadamjdari ormocsgadacilebuli, WeSmariti profesionali saqarTveloSi adre partiis mandati rom ar edo
jibeSi? ver davijereb, rom Tqven is kaci iyoT, romelsac
marTla sjera, rom rasac gaqceul xelisuflebas abraleben,
yvelaferi tyuilia. rom bunkerSi galaRebuli nemo burWulaZis rols gogi gegeWkori asrulebs, rom absanZe da gelantia Tavisi xeliT ar weren _ amdeni milioni gamovitaneT
saxelmwifo bankebidano, rom seqtember-oqtomberSi xuTjer
ar esroles tyvia mSvidobian demonstrantebs swored uzenaesi sabWos Senobidan da ocdaor deukembers naxevradmZinare
demonstrantebs prezidentis (an, rac ufro TavmosaWrelia _
leles) brZanebiT ar dauSines cecxli im saprezidento kibee-
130
bidan, saidanac xSirad gaismoda inteligenciis ganadgurebisken momxmobi cecxlovani sityvebi. ratom erTxel ar dafiqrdiT, ra gauWirda z. gamsaxurdias iseTi, rom samarcxvino
qoriZe hyavs ideologiis sardlado? ar gaxsovT, Tavis nazi
rxeviT rom acxadebda televiziis ekranidan, me literatori var, mwerali var, kritikosi varo? ra wagikiTxavT mweral
qoriZis dawerili? arc is gaxsovT rogor dascinoda abiturientebs da mcireodeni SekamaTebisTvis maT Tavxedebs da
uvicebs eZaxda? petriaSvil-taliaSvil-qoriZeebis xelSi Cavardnili saqarTvelo mogwondaT? davijero? enas Zvali ara
aqvs da yvelafers ityvis, magram raze SeatyveT T. siguas rom
qarTveli eris survilis sawinaaRmdegod xels awers sng-Si
Sesvlas? politikaSi damdurebis meTodiT Sors wavalT? moskovSi ar Camovalo, amis daficeba ra ymawviljiutobaa (Tumca
zviadi erTxel mainc Cavida), ukeTesi ar aris Caxvide, ekonomikuri xelSekrulebebi dado da ganacxado, me droebiTi
mTavroba var, sng-Si Sesvlas mxolod parlamenti da saxalxo referendumi wyvetso? izolaciaSi yofna ras gvargebs?
amerika rZis fxvnils da medikamentebs rom gvigzavnis da
Cven viZaxoT, gemduriT, ar gvinda Tqveni daxmarebao. amiT
Cvens mSier kuWs da iarebs rame eSveleba? rac Seexeba, armiis
statusis Secvlas, eg araswori azri erT generals wamoscda
da Cveni mTavari gazeTidan pasuxic miiRo. rac Seexeba `qartia-91~-s isini aravis gaulanZRavs, magram maT gancxadebaSi
marTlac iyo zogi ram mouzomavi da naCqarevi samxedro wesebis gauTvaliswineblobidan gamomdinare. nuTu marTla ar
gesmiT, rom afxazeTSi Cveni gvardia dapyrobiTi mizniT ki
ar Sevida, aramed rkinigzaze blokadis mosaxsnelad, aeroportis asamuSaveblad, stabilizaciis misaRwevad. da, kacma
rom Tqvas, rodis Semdeg aRar aris afxazeTi saqarTvelos
nawili? rao, avtonomiuri respublikis statusi imas niSnavs,
rom afxazeTze xeli davibanoT? `kanonieri xelisuflebis~
dros partiebis registracia rom SeCerda (rac faqtobrivad
maTs akrZalvas niSnavda), ratom ar amoiReT xma? iqneb TvalTmaqcobaa televizia rom ixveweba, gamodiT TqviT Tqveni gansxvavebuli azrio? midiT, mosinjeT da mere visaubroT, ar
SeiZleba skepticizmma Tvali ise agvibas, rom ver davinaxoT
131
miwis reformis, privatizaciisken gadadgmuli nabijebi. cota
meti fiqri da gansja rom moiSvelioT ar SeiZleba ar mixvdeT, ratom gaZvirda puri. amiT Cven saqarTvelodan puris
gatanas da mis upragono moxmarebas gadavuRobeT gza.
igi Tavisi gziT wavida, Tavis SexedulebebSi jiutad darwmunebuli. me Cems fiqrebTan davrCi, universitetis ezoSi am
civ zamTarSi mjdomare.
***
igi saubris dros brazobda, iRrineboda, guldawyvetili
wavida. me, RmerTi, rjuli siyvaruli da pativiscemis meti
ara migrZvnia ra saqarTveloze gulatkivebuli am Cemi Tvistomis mimarT.
axla `kanonieri prezidenti~ CeCenTa karzea. me ar minda
vifiqro, rom igi SahTa da sulTanTa amqarSi Camdgara da saqarTvelosken avad mziral istoriul qarTvel feodalTa sias
miemateba.
zviad gamsaxurdia saqarTveloSi unda dabrundes Tavisi
ojaxiT da misi Zalisa da unaris Sesaferisad unda iRvawos.
politikuri karieris kibeze xelaxla Sedgomas ar vurCev.
mas ar eyo qveynis mmarTvelisTvis saWiro nebisyofa, adamianTa siyvaruli, mitevebis unari, igi konfliqturi da ambiciuri kaci aRmoCnda.
rac Seexeba saqarTvelos beds Cven damoukideblobis biliks ar unda gadavuxvioT.
Cemi fiqriT sng-Si Sesvla axal imperiul yulfSi Tavis
gayofas niSnavs.
vatyuebdiT erTmaneTs. qimera iyo damoukideblobis
deklaraciac. roca ucxo qveynis jari dgas Sens miwaze da
ucxo qveynis gabonebul fuls atkacuneb xelSi, Tavi ganTavisuflebuli da damoukideblobis uremi Sin mitanili nu
ggonia, Cemo sayvarelo qarTvelo.
20 Tebervali, 1992 w.
132
male davcxrebiT
davarqvaT sagnebs pirdapir Tavisi saxeli _ Cven axla vSimSilobT, xom marTalia? SimSilidan Tavis daRwevis sami gza
arsebobs: miwis reforma, ucxoeTTan gacvliTi operaciebiT
produqtis Semotana da daxmarebis im wilis miReba Cveni
`yofili mtrebi~ _ kapitalistebi ase uxvad rom sTavazoben dangreuli imperiis naSTebs. mesame gzis imedze rom ver
davrCebiT, faqtia. mowyalebis momlodine kaci zarmacdeba
da beCavdeba. mTavaria, miwa glexs davurigoT. davurigoT xelaRebiT ki ara, mivceT namdvil glexs, namdvil miwis muSas,
Tanac dasawyisisTvis moviTxovoT misgan garantiebi, rom daumuSavebels erT mtkavels ar datovebs. amitomac vTqvi namdvil glexs-meTqi da ara miwaze gulayril soflels. meore
dResve rom miayidis im miwas da isev qalaqs SeaCerdeba xelSi.
saSemodgod mosalodneli ufro didi SimSilis damarcxebas
axlave Tu ar CavuyareT safuZveli, sul raRac ociode dRis
Semdeg dagvianebuli iqneba. ise, gulaxdilad unda giTxraT,
rom miwis reformis gatareba jerjerobiT kus nabijebiT
xorcieldeba da aseTi tempi xeirs ar dagvayris.
meore ucxoeTTan savaWro aReb-micemiTi operaciebis
gacxovelebaa, radac unda dagvijdes, unda wavaxalisoT saqarTvelos garedan sakvebi produqtebis Semotana. aqac jer
kidev auxsneli samxedro-Cinovnikuri barierebi eRobeba iniciativian kacs, salanZRavad kombinators rom veZaxdiT sabWoTa wyobilebis periodSi.
barierebSi vgulisxmob aramkiTxe kontrolioris, sxvis
jibeSi xelis faTuris wyeul praqtikas. erT ubralo magaliTs getyviT: Cems quCaze amas winaT kidev erTi (meTxuTmetea mgoni) sakomisio, komerciuli maRazia gaixsna. Sevixede.
iqac is iyideba, rac yvela sxva kerZo maRaziaSi; ZviradRirebuli tansacmeli, sunamo, sigareti... Se kai kaco-meTqi, vxedav
muStari buziviT ar gexveva, ar jobda sasursaTo komerciuli gagexsna, Cvenc madlieri geyolebodiT, da albaT, sarfianic iqneboda-meTqi, _ noqars veubnebi. Tqvens pirs Saqari,
vin ar icis, rom ega sjobia, magram ver warmoidgenT, ra saSiSiao. vinc gagaCerebs gzaSi, yvelas wili unda misce da Sen
aRaraferi dagrCebao. Tanac gamadidebeli SuSiT gamowmeben,
133
saidan mogaqvs, ra saxsrebiT SeiZine da visgan SeiZineo. cota
Tavisuflebas rom mogvcemdnen, saqarTvelos samyof sursaTs
marto komerciuli gziT SemovitandiTo. ar dagimalavT, Cems
erT amxanags ramdenime dRis win tona-naxevari karaqi mohqonda ruseTis erTi qalaqidan gacvliTi wesiT SeZenili, SuadRisas quCaSi avtomatianebi daxvdnen da waarTveso.
Cvenao, erTi saxelovani SenaerTis saxeli uxsenebia, eseni
varTo. es karaqi Cven gvWirdeba, ukeTesad rom dagicvaTo.
Seayole axla aqedan da ukan ar moixedo, sanam mxrebze Tavi
gabiao. gamoqceula sawyali, ise guldagul morboda Turme,
rom lamis kefaze irtyamda fexebs. a, aseTi damcvelebic
mogvimravlda.
eg ambavi, samwuxarod, sxvisganac msmenia.
hoda, me mgoni, ukve droa iaraRianTa upragono TareSs
bolo moeRos. xSirad naxavT aseT suraTs: piketze dganan milicielebic, gvardielis formiani biWebic da sruliad uformo,
magram avtomatiani ymawvilebic. modi da arkvie, vin vin aris.
saswrafod unda moxdes funqciaTa dakonkreteba. miliciam miliciis saqme akeTos da gvardiam gvardiis. dRes aqeT rom movdiodi, Tbilisis erTi raionis miliciis pasuxismgebel pirs
Camovugde saubari, avtofarexebidan iaraRis muqariT rom manqanebi gahyavT, ra zomebs iRebT-meTqi. ubatonod xmas ver vcemTo. ramdenjerme davakaveT manqanebze monadire avtomatiani
ymawvilebi, magram oriode saaTSi sxva avtomatiani (amjerad
ukve sabuTiani) biWebi mogvadgnen da gamogvaSvebineso. sanam
yvela samxedro formireba erT uwyebaSi ar gaerTiandeba da
erT ufross ar daemorCileba, zRaparia wesrigze laparakio.
dRes Cvens quCebSi Cveulebrivi gaxda Calisferfarajiani
da avtomatiani qarTveli, magram umorCilesad minda vTxovo
qarTul samxedro formirebaTa sardlebs: gaamkacron disciplina da gvardiis Sevseba oden moxaliseTa survils ki ara,
samxedro gawvevis kontrols dauqvemdebaron. ar SeiZleba
sruliad SemTxveviTs da zogjer saeWvo warsulis ymawvils
dRes jibeSi gvardiisa da mxedrionis wevris mowmobebi edos.
SeiZleba SaSxanamomarjvebuli patruli mTvrali dadiodes
quCaSi da vinc moeprianeba imas uRerebdes iaraRs? yvelam
unda icodes, rom qarTuli gvardiis avtoritets swored
axla eyreba safuZveli.
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unda giTxraT, moxalise qarTvelTa samxedro SenaerTebma
udidesi roli Seasrules demokratis dacvasa da ganmtkicebaSi. qeds vixri tiraniis winaaRmdeg dacemulTa xsovnis winaSe.
dResac sakuTari sicocxlis fasad darajoben Cveni mebr­
Zolebi saqarTvelos simSvidis xelyofas eqstremistTagan.
rac Seexeba dasavleT saqarTvelos zog qalaqSi da afxazeTSi
qarTuli gvardiis gamoCenas, ara mgonia es Sesvla-gamosvlani
presis esoden yuradRebis sagnad Rirdes. Tavis teritoriaze, Tavis miwaze qarTuli jaris gadaadgilebas pompezuri
ganmartebani ar unda axldes, saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi
myof avtonomiur afxazeTSi saqarTvelos (da sxvaTa Soris
afxazeTisac) jari Sevida, roca saWiroebam moiTxova (rkinigzis, aeroportis blokada, uTavbolo piketebi), arc Sesvlaa
istoriuli TariRi da arc gamosvla. gvardia aq aris, yvelgan
aris, saqarTveloSia. konkretul geografiul garemoSi igi
swored maSin gamoCndeba da amoqmeddeba, roca amas saWirod
CaTvlis xelmZRvaneloba.
dro da samarTali, albaT, mainc Tavisas izams. Sors ar
aris is dro, roca bolo dampyrobeli jariskaci gava saqarTvelodan.
mopovebuli damoukidebloba SeiZleba male davkargoT,
Tu misi SenarCunebis meqaniznebi axlave ar avamuSaveT. pirvel
rigSi Zlieri da regularuli armia unda SevqmnaT da dasavleTTan Cveni kontaqtebi swored rom mis koaliciaSi damkvidrebis garantiebiT unda gavamagroT.
axla zogi skeptikosi valalebs, afsus, saqarTvelo ganmaTavisuflebeli brZolis avangardSi iyo da axla msoflios politikur cxovrebas ukan misCanCalebso. ar aris ase.
meamayeba, rom yofil sabWoTa respublikebidan (baltiispireTze aRarafers vambob, maTTvis adre gaTenda) swored
saqarTveloa erTaderTi TanamegobrobaSi Sesvlisagan Tavi
rom Seikava, aravis egonos, rom am gabedulebas arad CaTvlis dasavleTis progresuli diplomatia. saqarTvelo male
Tavis istoriul funqcias daibrunebs. movlenebi ise viTardeba da msoflioSi ZalTa iseTi gadanawileba xdeba (maT
Soris religiur niadagze), rom dasavleTi ufro yuradRebiT mogvapyrobs Tvals da Cvens geografiul mdebareobasac
sxva fasi daedeba.
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TiTqosda saqarTvelos damoukidebloba samaCabloSi
mcxov­reb osTaTvisac sasurveli unda yofiliyo, magram araTu ar agvyvnen isini am brZolaSi, piriqiT konfrontaciis
molipul gzas daadgnen. dasamali ar aris, diqtaturis periodSi Cvenma mxaremac cota ram iRona konfliqtis mSvidobiani saSualebebiT Casacxromad, magram, axla? axla rom veras
gaxda sakonsultacio sabWos komisia?
veraviTari komisia qarTvel-osTa konfliqts ver moagvarebs, sanam xiznebs mesame Zala mamidobs. im mesame Zalis imediT
da swored aramkiTxe `mfarvelTa~ SegonebiT moqmedeben gonsmosvlagaWianurebuli osi eqstremistebi, Torem ar mgonia,
kidev iyos saqarTveloSi saRad moazrovne osi, romelmac ar
icodes, rom igi sxvis istoriul miwaze cxovrobs da maspinZlebs aseuli wlebis manZilze TiTic ki ar gaunZreviaT misTvis sakarmidamos wasarTmevad da saqarTvelodan gasarekad.
amis ganzraxva rusTvelis qveyanas, rasakvirvelia, arc axla
udevs gulSi.
ese igi, e. w. `urwmunoTa~ gangaSs _ rusi saqarTvelos egre
iolad ar daTmobso, safuZveli axlac aqvs, `imperiis daSlis~
miuxedavad.
jer erTi, me daSlil imperias ver vxedav. ram daSala?
rodis daiSala? iqneb imperiuli jari aRar arsebobs da imperiis sazRvrebs Zveleburad ar `icavs~ sabWoTa armia? iqneb
imperiam ukve daTmo ukraina, belorusia. an ager somxeTi da
azerbaijani? ar daijeroT. Tu `sng~ darCa, es imas niSnavs,
rom sabWoTa kavSirs saxeli Seecvala, sxva araferi momxdara.
rogor ara, sxva ramec moxda, gorbaCovi elcinma Secvala,
esaa da es.
axla, rac Seexeba daTmobas, bolo dReebis erT faqts
SegaxsenebT: amas winaT samaCabloSi Camovida rusi erovnebis
moxaliseTa pirveli razmi, romelic Seqmnilia ruseTis federaciis mTeli rigi samrewvelo sawarmoebis muSebisagan. aRar
ikiTxavT, ra `keTilSobiluri~ mizani amoZravebs moxaliseTa
razms? `misi erTaderTi mizania ruseTis sazRvrebis dacva~.
dRes, rodesac msoflio sazogadoebrivi azris jansaRi zemoqmedebiT da imperiis kanonzomieri daSliT samaCablodan ramdenime oceulis gayvanam SedarebiTi daTboba gamoiwvia osebsa da qarTvelebs Soris, isev amuSavda erebs Soris SuRlis
136
Camogdebis ZvelisZveli manqana. erihaa, diqtaturis damxobis
Semdeg qarTvelebi aRar xumroben, e mand, marTala samSvidobo molaparakebiT ar dasruldes Cven mier didi sulisberviT gaCaRebuli os-qarTvelTa konfliqtio, ifiqres bnelma
Zalebma da TiTqos rusuli xiSti jer kidev SiSis zafras ar
scemdes TavisuflebisaTvis SublmiSveril patara erebs, axal
Zalas uxmes: samaCablosken rusi muSebisagan Semdgari moxaliseTa razmi gamogzavnes.
nuTu dRes, roca dedamiwa xelisguliviT Cans, msoflio
dauSvebs suverenuli saqarTvelos teritoriis xelyofas
moxaliseTa mier? vin arian muSis wminda saxels amofarebuli es `moxaliseni~ saqarTveloSi rom SemoWrilan TiTqosda
humanuri, upretenzio misiiT, mxolod da mxolod ruseTis
samxreTis sazRvrebis dasacavad? rogor daicavs saqarTvelos
teritoriaze, samaCabloSi ruseTis samxreTis sazRvrebs rus
moxaliseTa laSqari? an ra gauWirda SapoSnikovis jer kidev
Zlier da mrisxane armias moxalise muSaTa dasaxmarebeli?
gana mSvenivrad ar esmiT saqarTvelos miwaze dabanakebul rusis armiebs Cveni godeba da damoukideblobisaTvis brZolis
guguni? iqneb 1921 wlis 25 Tebervlidanac rusis jari aq,
saqarTveloSi ruseTis samxreTis sazRvrebis dasacavad dgas?
aRar yofila Cveni saSveli da esaa. roca regularuli
armia misi survilis sawinaaRmdegod gaikrifeba saqarTvelos
teritoriidan, mere muSebisagan Semdgar moxaliseTa razmebs
gamogzavnian. aba ra, orasmilionian ruseTs dampyrobel qarTvelTagan dacva xom unda.
isev ekonomikas da sofels mivubrundeT. me, rogorc mwerals, verafriT ver amixsnia, ase erTbaSad yvelaferi rogor
moiSala amxela saxelmwifoSi. vTqvaT, gasagebia sursaTi rom
gaqra, magram rogor moxda, rom aRar aris qaRaldi, aRar keTdeba bavSvis saTamaSoebi, gaqra asanTi da saponi, mesaaTeebs
saaTis pawawkintela qvebic aRara aqvT...
Tumca moulodneli aq araferia. imperiam ngreva daiwyo
jer kidev xruSCovis dros da maSinve sacnauri gaxda joxze
damyarebuli ekonomikis xarvezebi (moigoneT rigebi purze),
mere, rom ityvian `adgilobrivi~ narkoziT ngrevis procesi
cota xans SeaCeres, 1991 wels ki imperia ekonomikurad sabolood daingra. politikurad jaris wyalobiT, igi isev
137
maTraxis tkacuniT ganagrZobs arsebobas. amodena qveyana
erTbaSad dadga, SeCerda. politikuri vnebiT Sepyrobili,
istoriuli kataklizmebiT gaognebuli xalxis uzarmazari
masa faqtiurad aRar muSaobs, fabrika-qarxnebSi Wotebma
da Ramurebma daisadgures. muSebis erTma nawilma kooperativebs miaSura, kooperativTa mesveurni unedleulod raRacas CirTi-firToben da Tu rames gamoacodvileben alqimiuri saswaulebiT, axla imis SiSis feTeba aqvT, rom legaluri
mZarcvelebi (ratomRac SecdomiT marodiorebs eZaxian) daesxmian da waarTmeven. qveyanam muSaoba Sewyvita, xolo Zarcva
legaluri gaxda, rakiRa milicia am totalur yaCaRobasTan
TiTqmis uZluria. mokled, isea saqme, rogorc erT anekdotSia _ ra dagiSave RmerTo, qva rom dagibams da ZaRli agiSviao.
jerjerobiT, samwuxarod, Cven am mkvdari imperiis nawili
varT da Tu ar vimarjveT, am morevSi masTan erTad CaviZirebiT.
SexedeT fexiT siaruliT gaTangul moqalaqes ra SemaZrwunebul-Sewuxebuli saxe aqvs. araTu adamianuri cxovrebis _
micvalebulis damarxvis saxsrebic ki arsad aris. mtrisas da
avisas, iciT ra Rirs kubo an baldaxinis da sasaflaos avtobusebis daqiraveba?
amas winaT, puris rigSi, guli gamixda cudad da xeliT gamomiyvanes. guli SimSilisagan ki ar SemiRonda, aramed imisgan,
rac irgvliv mesmoda: zviadis momxre zviads mistiroda da
yvelas uSveri sityviT lanZRavda, e. w. opozicioneri qveynis
damSevas yofili prezidentis ekonomikur salto-mortales,
xolo eris socialur-eTnikur daSla-danawevrebas mis avadmyofur politikas abralebda, pensioneri mozRvavebuli energiiT gahyviroda _ ras erCodiT komunistebs! komunistebi
damibruneT, Tqve garewrebo da Tqven gadaSendiT aqedano.
kidev karga xans gagrZeldeba es `babilonis godoli~
eris fsiqikaSi, mere usaTuod mova kanonieri parlamenti da
davcxrebiT, davSoSmindebiT, saxniss da guTans movkidebT
xels.
dResve dauyovnebliv sityvidan saqmeze unda gadavideT.
ra trafaretuli da gacveTilia axla es genialuri fraza _
sityvidan saqmeze gadasvla.
amas winaT erTma inJinerma SemomCivla: privatizacia rom
gamocxadda, gadavwyvite samiode Zveli Carxi SemeZina da pata-
138
ra kerZo sawarmo gamexsnao. TiTqmis yvela qarxanaSia me rom
Carxebs viTxov, magram, Tqven warmoidgineT, eqvsi Tvea ver
Cavigde xelSio. gagikvirdebaT, iseTi doneebidan maqvs brwyinvale rezoluciebi, magram praqtikulad vin unda gamomarTvas fuli da momces dazgebi, enagadmogdebuli davrbivar, magram vera da ver vipoveo.
mogexsenebaT, qarTvelTa erT nawilSi damkvidrda uperspeqtivobis ganwyobileba. ra gvaqvs Cven gasacvleli da gasayidi, nu agviCemebia gafuWebuli patefoniviT Cai, Rvino da
citrusi, verc erTi maTgani msoflio standartebs ver Seedreba, ase rom, erT kvirasac ver gvarCenso.
ar aris marTali. odnavi gaumjobeseba teqnologiuri
procesebis da naxavT Cvens Rvinos, Cais da citrusebs didi
mazanda eqneba msoflio bazarze, radganac isini, sxva ara iyos
ra, ekologiurad sufTa garemoSia moweuli. am xuTiode wlis
winaT erT-erT msoflio gamofenaze qarTuli limoni saukeTesoTa Soris moxvda Tavisi gansakuTrebuli aromatisa da
sxva Tvisebebis gamo. rac Seexeba Cvens Rvinos, axla SimSiliT
suli rom ar gvZvreba, qarTul Rvinos unda vumadlodeT,
swored upiratesad RvinoSi gvicvlian rusebi, ukrainelebi
da sxvebi CvenTvis sasicocxlo produqtebs da maT Soris,
xorbals.
sxva mxrivac mdidaria saqarTvelo. yvelafers rom Tavi
davaneboT, Tu normaluri Camosxma movaxerxeT, marto sasmeli
wyali Semogvitans uamrav valutas. axla mineraluri wylebi?
ramdeni unikaluri mineraluri wyali iRvreba saqarTveloSi yoveldRiurad. Cven maT Soris erTaderTis _ `borjomis~
CamosxmasRa vaxerxebT da isic nawilobriv. es xom wyalSi gadayrili milionebia.
`borjomze~ gamaxsenda: garda im sami zemoT CamoTvlilisa,
kidev gaaCnia saqarTvelos ori unikaluri, TiTqmis gamouyenebeli savaluto resursi: kurorti da turizmi. saqarTvelos
TiTqmis mTeli teritoria kurortia. aba, Tamamad gaaforme
ucxoeTTan xelSekrulebebi da gaSale saqarTveloSi dasasvenebeli sastumroebis da sanatoriumebis farTo qseli _
uamravi damsvenebeli mogvawydeba. sisulelea SiSi: Cven inteleqtualur sawyiss davkargavT da momsaxure personalis
fsiqikas SeviZenT. es SeiZleba romelime papuasur, uwarsulo
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da ukulturo qveyanas daemarTos, saqarTvelos _ ara.
turizmi? guli mikvdeba Cvens dacarielebul turistul
sastumroebs rom Sevcqeri. am dargs axla mSvenieri xelmZRvaneli hyavs kaxi asaTianis saxiT. cotas rodi iRvwis axali ministri, magram ra qnas, saqarTvelos mier bolo wlebSi
mopovebuli politikuri imijis gamo bevrs rodi surs saqarTveloSi turistad Camosvla. verc gaamtyuneb: vis unda avtomatiani banditis msxverpli gaxdes. ara da turizmi xom
sufTa mogebaa, minimalurs gascem da maqsimalur mogebas ixveW. msoflios araerTi qveyana oden turizmiT irCens Tavs.
turizmma amoiyvana am ocdaaTi wlis winaT krizisidan iseTi
didi qveyana, rogoric gaxlavT espaneTi.
samagierod, calmxrivi turizmi ganvaviTareT. kerZo turistuli korporaciebis xaziT mogzauroben Cveni moqalaqeni
ucxoeTSi.
arc egaa urigo saqme, magram am gziT miRebuli mogebis
nawili saxelmwifos unda moxmardes da mxolod kerZo firmebs
ar unda emsaxurebodes. ise, Cven Soris darCes da, Cemi Semosavlis patroni kaci axlandeli samogzauro fasebis Semyure
sazRvargareT verasodes wava. marTlac rom giJuri fasebia.
RmerTma saSualeba misceT da mainc bevri dadis ucxoeTSi
turistad. me ki cremliT vigoneb im dros, roca amerikis
SeerTebul StatebSi oras samoc maneTad viyavi (turistuli
axalgazrduli sagzuriT `sputnikidan~), inglisSi Teqvsmeti
dRe turistad yofna oTxas aTi maneTi damijda, xolo iaponiaSi sruliad ufasod gaxldiT mweralTa delegaciis wevrebi.
es xarji xom mediko TuSmaliSvilis samivlinebo xarjTan SedarebiT sasacilod mogeCvenebaT, magram gasakviric araa, mediko da uzenaesi sabWos sxva wevrebi saxelmwifo saqmeebze
gaxldnen ucxoeTSi (rogor daawyves qveyana?), me ki ise, `saTamaSod~.
SimSilis damarcxeba qaRaldebiT da mowodebebiT ar SeiZleba _ meaTasejer vambob. xom naxeT, amaswinandeli telegadacema _ glexTa erTi nawili uars ambobs miwis privatizaciaze. ar gvinda, dagvanebeT Tavio. xedavT sadamde mivediT?
glexs miwisa eSinia. damuSavebas ver SevZlebo. marTalia. benzini ara aqvs, mazuTsacxi ara aqvs, sasoflo teqnika ara aqvs
da ra saswauliT daamuSaos miwa. me vfiqrob, axlave xvali-
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danve saqarTvelos mTeli mosaxleobis `qalaqisa da soflis~
mobilizeba unda moxdes saxnav-saTesad. daumuSavebeli ar
unda darCes erTi mtkaveli savargulic. mxolod es gvixsnis
SimSilisagan.
xSirad gaismis SeSfoTebulTa CurCuli: SeiZleba zviadma
saqarTvelo mTielTa respublikis an amierkavkasiis respublikis SemadgenlobaSi Sesulad gamoacxados da CeCenTa jars
SemouZRves saqarTvelos dasapyrobado. miT umetes, rom informaciam CeCen-qarTvelTa desantis Sesaxeb ukve gaJona
sainformacio saSualebebSi.
Rrmad var darwmunebuli, rom zviadi amas ar Caidens. me
vTxov yvelas _ konstantine gamsaxurdias Svilisagan saqarTvelos moZules nu gaakeTebs, zviads sxva codvebic eyofa. Tu
moxda saswauli da es Tqveni SeSfoTeba gamarTlda, rogor
fiqrobT CeCenTa (an vinc unda iyos sxva gadamTieli) laSqars
taSiT SevegebebiT? qarTvelma qarTvelis winaaRmdeg rodi
icis marto brZola. Tumca sityvam gamityua. me arc minda
vifiqro amis Sesaxeb. zviad gamsaxurdias imdeni goni ki SerCenia (Cemi fiqriT), rom Tavisi saxeli samudamo sawyevlad ar
daugdos STamomavlobas. ar SeiZleba igi bevr rames ar Camxvdariyo CeCneTSi martod STenili. sxva Tu ara, ambavs mainc
Cautandnen, rogor hyidian morigeobiT Tavisi erTguli amfsonebi da mis mier aRzevebuli kacunebi.
Tqveni ar vici da me piradad Semzara T. qoriZis satelevizio gamosvlam 15 Tebervlis RamiT. gana ar vicodi, rom zviad
gamsaxurdias banaki mtkice ar iyo da iq gaaznaurebuli mdabioni, xelmocaruli adamianebi Tanamdebobis da Savi volgebis
SenarCunebis xaTriT ukravdnen taSs pativmoyvare diqtators,
magram T. qoriZis gamosvlam yovelgvar molodins gadaaWarba.
jer miimala soroSi uzenaesi sabWos komisiis yofili Tavmjdomare, zviadis gulisamrevi aRlumebis reJisor-diriJori,
da erTxans iyuCa, iqneb Tavganwirulma motyuebulma momitingeebma saCvenod Seatrialon saqmeo, magram roca daatyo, rom
tiraniis mobrunebas sasikeTo piri ar uCanda, rogorc es sulmdabal adamianebs sCveviaT, meyseulad gayida Tavisi patroni.
aqaoda, bevr rameSi ar veTanxmebodio, bolo xanebSi faqtiurad
Camocilebuli viyavi ideologiur xelmZRvanelobaso. sazizRari tyuilia. qoriZe ar iyo Tavisi mgznebare samitingo da
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satelevizio gamosvlebSi libos rom umagrebda sulisSemxuTvel reJims? ra piriT ambobs axla, televiziis TanamSromlebi
sworad moiqcnen, kvantalians acileba rom misceso, gana TviTon, zviadisgan gulmicemuli, abezari goSias darad ar uyefda
televiziis TanamSromlebs: kvantalians ubatonod xma ar gasceTo? gana Tavis umwifar azrebs ar axvevda Tavs ganaTlebis
saministros xelmZRvanelobas araerT principul sakiTxSi?
gana es saeWvoze saeWvo literatori daboxebuli yalbi xmiT
ar acxadebda fasiani saswavleblebis kategoriuli winaaRmdegi varo. da meore dRes TviTve ar aZlevda rekomendacias
fasiani saswavleblebis sokoebiviT momravlebas? Rirs qoriZe
imad, mkiTxveli masze sasaubrod movacdino? qoriZisTana metiCrebis xsenebiT me mis mfarvels minda Sevaxseno _ miTxari visi
megobari xar da getyvi vina xaro.
magram sakiTxi asec SeiZleba daisvas, qoriZisa da misTa
msgavsTa gamosvla-werilebSi monaniebis niSanwyali mainc Cans,
aba, imaTze raRa unda vTqvaT, xavss rom eWidebian. prezidentis CaZiruli politikis erTguli, jiuti zviadistebi Cems
TvalSi Semcdarni, magram Tavisi rwmenis erTguli adamianebi
arian. adre Tu gvian mixvdebian, rom scdebodnen, maTi pozicia dRes mxolod da mxolod maTi politikuri umecrebiT
unda aixsnas. maT informacia ara aqvT, maTi goneba ver ganTavisuflda beladomaniis mavne aziuri senisagan. ufro gulis
amrevi qoriZisTana `ganaTlebulebi~ arian. zviadis elitis es
gaiZvera warmomadgenlebi axla mxolod da mxolod gadarCenis, garemoebaTa Seguebis mizniT iyrian Tavze nacars da
zRaprebs Txzaven _ faqtobrivad Cven izolirebuli viyaviT,
araferSi vereodiT, yvelaferSi diqtatoria damnaSaveo. ar
arian marTalni da miT umetes arc gulwrfelni. raki TavianTi kerpi (da rwmena) ase iolad gaimetes, sxvasac iolad gaswiraven.
gamsaxurdias momxreTa braldebebi `opoziciis~ mimarT
axal talRebad efineba maT mier ukve didi WapanwyvetiT `agorebul~ miting-demonstraciebs. erovnul moZraobas inteligenturma xelisuflebam zurgSi xanjali Cascao. saqarTvelos
isev imperiisken, monobisken ezidebiano. saqarTvelos mtrebs
uzavdebian da qveyanas kvlav uRels adgameno.
didi politikosoba ar unda imis garkvevas, vin adgamda
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saqarTvelos qedze uRels da vin igonebda `gardamaval periodebs~ Tavisi taxtis SesanarCuneblad. iqneb moskovis putCis
dReebSi daiWira zviad gamsaxurdiam vaJkacuri pozicia da
mosTxova rusis jars aibarge aqedanao, ise rogorc es baltiispireTis qveynebma gaakeTes? iqneb arc moskovSi mTavrobis
loJaSi gvixilavs Cveni prezidenti Tavisi meuRliTurT imperiis xelisufalTa gverdiT? iqneb araerTxel ar gaugzavnia
Tavisi emisrebi, xalxi ara xarT, RmerTi ara gwamT? mimiReT
`sng~-Sio? iqneb arc patrikievisTvis moumarTavs dekembris
bolo dReebSi, miSvele, damaxmare jari, Zma var Senio? iqneb
joxar dudaevis karze imitom hyavT did pativSi, rom `megobruli vizitiT~ moZme CeCen-inguSeTSi im ganzraxviT Cavida, raTa maspinZlebs mTielTa respublikis Seqmna gulidan
amoaRebinos? mereda iciT, ra aris mTielTa respublika, romlis dedaqalaqadac soxumi aqvT amorCeuli Cvens CrdiloeTel
mezoblebs? mgoni iciT da axsnas ar damawyebinebT. ai, Turme
vin ekvreba saZmo ficiT saqarTvelos daSla-daqucmacebis da
monobis uRelSi Sebmis mosurneT.
rac Seexeba droebiT xelisuflebas, TiTqmis ori Tvea igi
arsebobs da faqti saxezea: jerjerobiT Cven erTaderTi yofili respublika varT sng-s gareT darCenili.
me droebiTi xelisuflebis apologetad nuravin CamTvlis. me Cemi principebi da Cemi gza maqvs, rogorc mwerals
da rogorc moqalaqes: kategoriuli winaaRmdegi var sng-Si
Sesvlis, kategoriulad winaaRmdegi var rusis jaris saqarTveloSi datovebisa (ra kompromisuli iarliyic ar unda miakeron da uwyinar cxvradac unda mogvaCvenon) da kategoriuli
winaaRmdegi var mTielTa respublikaSi saqarTvelos an misi
romelime istoriuli nawilis Sesvlisa. es azrebi ar amkviatebia. amas vambobdi da vwerdi adrec.
Cven viqnebiT demokratiuli, damoukidebeli respublika,
Sesuli dasavleTis (pirvel rigSi amerikis) saxelmwifoTa
TanamegobrobaSi. keTilmezobluri savaWro-ekonomikuri,
kulturul-mecnieruli urTierToba gveqneba msoflios nebismier qveyanasTan da gansakuTrebiT Cvens mezoblebTan. nuTu
ase gaugebari da SeuZlebelia es?
saqarTvelos politikur mowyobaSi monarqiis aRdgenis
problemas arcTu didad saimedod vuyureb. me momxre var
143
pirovnebis xelisuflebaSi mosvlisa (da saerTod yovelgvari
dawinaurebis) misi niWis da unaris mixedviT. ra Tqma unda,
gvariSvilobas pativs vcem, magram imdenad ara, rom saqarTvelos problemebs didi xnis winaT Camocilebul, qarTuli
enis armcodne da saerod politikisgan Sors mdgar, Tundac
uaRresad keTilSobil da ganswavlul, mSvenier avtomrbolels, vuqnio Tavi imis gamo, rom mis gunebaSi raRac procenti bagrationTa sisxlia. miT umetes, rom taxtis uSualo
memkvidreobis sakiTxSi Cveni sazRvrebsiqiTa bagrationebi,
rogorc Cans, urTierTSoris jer ver SeTanxmebulan. isRa
gvaklia axla im niSniTac daiyos saqarTvelo _ vis romeli
undoda mefed bagrationTa naTesavTagan.
minda saqarTvelom Rirseuli parlamenti airCios.
nuravis ewyineba da Cven jerjerobiT ara gvaqvs politikuri partiebis tradicia. partias Tavisi gansxvavebuli
politikuri programa da avtoriteti unda hqondes, TiToori partiis garda, me aseT partiebs saqarTveloSi ver vxedav. lideris mier Camowerili Tavisi amqris sia politikuri
partia jer kidev ar aris. amitomac sasacilo iyo oqtombris arCevnebi. ra dasamalia da `mrgvalTa~ gamarjveba mxolod z. gamsaxurdias saxelma ganapiroba. amomrCevlebs arc
ki ainteresebdaT, vin ewera siaSi pirveli xuTeulis Semdeg
da Zalianac rom dainteresebuliyvnen, verafers gaigebdnen,
radganac is gvarebi maT arafers eubnebodaT. maxsovs, rogor
garbod-gamorbodnen partiaTa liderebi, sia rom SeevsoT
da zogjer pirvelive Semxvedr nacnobs swerdnen deputatobis kandidatTa siaSi. Sedegi? gaimarjva `mrgvalma magidam~
_ zviad gamsaxurdiam Tavisi uaRresad saeWvo `SemadgenlobiT~. ar unda davuSvaT erTpartiuloba da miT umetes erTi
partiis mmarTveloba. es garemoeba uciloblad migviyvans
katastrofamde da konfrontaciamde xelmZRvanelobaSi.
deputatobis kandidati pirovneba unda iyos, Tavisi saxeli da gvari hqondes. amomrCeveli misi moqalaqeobrivi da
inteleqtualuri RirsebebiT unda xelmZRvanelobdes da ara
partiuli kuTvnilebiT.
14 marti, 1992 w.
144
`sul raRac 90-100 wlis Semdeg~...
saqarTveloSi Seqmnilma axalma viTarebam bunebrivia, qarTul mwerlobasac Rrma kvali daamCnia. axlaxan Catarebuli
qarTvel mweralTa yriloba sakmaod gaxmaurda erTi jgufis
mier yrilobis datovebis faqtiT. da egzaltirebul mkiTxvelTa mier wignebis ganadgurebiT.
Cvens yrilobaze mkafiod airekla saqarTveloSi Seqmnili
saerTo-politikuri viTareba. sakmaod `nerviuli~ yriloba
CavatareT. mwerlebis mier yrilobis datoveba ar iyo raime
gansakuTrebuli
literaturul-esTetikuri
principebis
gamoxatuleba. erTni yrilobis darbazidan gavidnen, rogorc
yofili funqcionerebi yofili mTavrobisadmi erTgulebis
gamoxatvis mizniT, xolo meoreni mxolod da mxlod imis gamo,
rom demokratiuli mweralTa kavSiri ar Seesabameboda maTs
Tanamdebobriv ambiciebs da savarZeldakargulebma `mkvaxe
iyo is yurZenis~ igavuri principiT datoves yriloba.
rac Seexeba wignebis dawvis barbarosul aqcias, es, ra Tqma
unda, Cvens istoriaSi iSviaTze iSviaTi gaxlavT, magram me ar
aRviqvam amas qarTveli mkiTxvelis nebis gamovlinebad; aramed es iyo ganawyenebul pirTa mier gaTamaSebuli speqtakli.
qarTvel mkiTxvels qarTveli mwerlebis wignebi ar dauwvavs.
uwignurma moqalaqeebma, romlebmac wignebi xelyves, arc ki
icodnen ras sCadiodnen. amitom wignebis ganadgurebisas,
TiTqmis araviTari principi ar iyo daculi. aseT SemTxvevaSi
ganadgurebul wignTa Soris `vefxistyaosani~ ver moxvdeboda. ubralod, nervebmoSlilma adamianebma xels gamoayoles
Sinidan angariSmiucemlad is wignebi, rac xelSi moxvdaT.
sxvaTa Soris, mweralTa kavSiri, rogorc mweralTa profesiuli gaerTianeba, eris samsaxuris amocanebSi dResac iseTia,
rogoric iyo, rodesac igi Seiqmna 20-ian wlebSi. laparakia
ramdenad gamoxatavda da gamoxatavs igi Tavisi xelmZRvanelebiT mwerlobis suliskveTebas.
samwuxarod, mweralTa kavSiris xelmZRvanelobas SeuZlia
literators xeli SeuSalos Tavisi RvTiuri amocanis SesrulebaSi da eris TvalSi gaafermkrTalos misi namoRvawari.
Tu gaixsenebT, rogor gamoiyureboda am ukanaskneli wlebis
10. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
145
saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiri, rogor ubamda mxars misi
xelmZRvaneloba qveyanaSi gamefebul diqtaturas, advilad
mixvdebiT mizezs imisas, Tu ratom daeca sadReisod mwerlis
avtoriteti. vinc Tvalyurs adevnebs ukanaskneli ori Tvis
manZilze mweralTa kavSiris saqmianobas, maT gasagonad mTeli pasuxismgeblobiT vacxadeb, rom Cveni kavSiri gamococxlda: mwerlebi daubrundnen kavSirs, imarTeba SemoqmedebiTi
saRamoebi, literaturuli Sexvedrebi, disputebi. aseve mweralTa kavSiris xelmZRvaneloba zrunavs eris saWirboroto
problemis gadasawyvetad.
am bolo dros bevr Cems nacnobs Seetyo, rom politikurma sulswrafobam sZlia mis arsebaSi saxelovno profesionalizms. rCeba iseTi STabeWdileba, rom maTi brZola
xelisuflebis kanonier Tu ukanono organoSi adgilis mopovebisaTvis brZolac iyo. saxelmwifo sabWoSi SesvlisaTvis
gamarTuli `doRi~ dResac grZeldeba da amitomac ironiulad
ucqers xalxi saxelmwifo sabWos wevrTa ricxvis geometriuli progresiT zrdas. me saxelmwifo sabWoSi imitom ara var,
rom Cems upirveles mowodebad politika ki ara, mwerloba
mimaCnia da mjera kidec, rom am asparezze met sargeblobas
movutan Cems xalxs. xSirad mekiTxebian, daTanxmdebodiT Tu
ara uzenaesi sabWos arCevnebSi deputatad geyaraT kenWi, Tu
Tqvens kandidaturas daasaxelebdneno.
didi madlobiT miviRebdi aseT survils Cemi Tanamoazreebisagan da madlobiTve vetyodi uars imave mizeziT, razec
zemoT mogaxseneT. me ver dagimalavT, mecodeba sabWoebSi aRzevebuli bevri Cemi niWieri kolega, romelnic kargi filmebisa da wignebis SeqmnisaTvis saWiro Zvirfas dros iseT saeWvo
saqmianobaSi flangaven, rogoric arCeviT organoebSi monawileoba gaxlavT. arseboben profesionali politikosebi, profesionali ekonomistebi, xelovani kaci maT Semcvlelad ver
gamodgeba, radganac misi goneba mxatvruli azrovnebisaTvis
aris mowodebuli. qudi ki umjobesia, mequdem Sekeros.
mjera, saqarTvelo Tavs daaRwevs ganukiTxaobis Waobs da
uaxloes wlebSi Ronivrad dadgeba fexze. magram, amas dasWirdeba uaRresad brZnuli politikis gatareba. Cven sworad
unda SevafasoT Cveni axlandeli mwiri SesaZleblobani da
146
mezobelTa xSirad imperiuli, xSirad aSkarad mekobruli miswrafebani. samwuxarod, dRes bevri almacerad uyurebs profesionali politikosis Sexedulebebs da ise iqceva, TiTqos
WeSmaritebis gasaRebi mxolod mas edos jibeSi. politikaSi
bevri aramkiTxe mrCeveli da ufro meti diletanti dagrovda.
mikrofonTan miswrebis siTamame da aTrTolebuli politikur-ekonomikuri laybobebi jer kidev ar niSnavs imas, rom
swors ambobs.
vaSenebT demokratiul sazogadoebas, magram miWirs am sityvis gaTaviseba, Cvens eqstremalur pirobebSi, Znelia damyardes namdvili demokratia.
demokratiis is done, rac amJamad CvenSi sufevs, ra Tqma
unda, WeSmariti demokratiisagan Sors dgas, magram, xom faqtia, rom ZiriTadad swor gzaze davdeqiT. aRTqmuli qveynisken
mimaval am gzaze winaaRmdegobani, bunebrivia, gveqneba. qveyana, sadac uaxloes or weliwadSi radikalurad ramdenjerme
Seicvala mTavroba, erTbaSad demokratiiT ver ganaTdeba.
miT umetes, rom politikuri brZolis saSualebebi xSirad
xidebis afeTqebisa da saavadmyofoebze Tavdasxmis faqtebsac ki moicavs. sasaciloa demokratiisa da darwmunebis eniT
elaparako imas, visac Seni sityvis gagonebac ar surs da yovel mosaxvevSi Tofs giRerebs. magram dro yvelafers kurnavs.
me Zalian minda warmovidgino asi wlis Semdgomdroindeli
saqarTvelo da Zalian minda mjerodes, rom usaTuod gaamarTlebs qveynis Senebis demokratiuli da ara diqtatoruluzurpatoruli gza.
ekonomikuri krizisi marwuxebs gviWers, TiTqos ufskruli
erT nabijzea.
siRaribisa da gaWirvebis problema albaT didxans ar moixsneba. rogorc sazogadeobis ganviTarebis istoriul procesebs vicnob, sasacilod mosCans marqsistuli sayovelTao
Tanasworobis utopia. komunizmis Teoria Cven Tvalwin ukve
araraobad iqca. sazogadoebaSi mdidrebi da Raribebi darCebian. magram maT Soris antagonisturi dapirispireba moispoba
qveynis ekonomikur-socialuri mdgomareobis gaumjobesebasTan dakavSirebiT. mokled rom giTxraT, produqciis siuxve
moitans imas, rom mdidari, imdenad mdidari iqneba, rom mas
147
gulSi Raribisadmi SiSi da siZulvili gauqreba, xolo Raribi, misi SesaZleblobidan gamomdinare, imdenad Raribi aRar
iqneba, rom maTxovars gautoldes da mis arsebaSi yovelTvis
darCeba potenciuri SesaZlebloba mxolod patiosani gziT
gamdidrebisa.
maS rogor vebrZoloT am etapze upatiosno gziT gamdidrebis mozRvavebul msurvelT, romelTa ricxvi katastrofulad izrdeba?
sxvaTa Soris, sabWoTa kavSiri albaT msoflioSi erTaderTi qveyana iyo, sadac adamians bavSvobidanve unergavdnen mdidrebis siZulvils. simdidre, TavisTavad, rasakvirvelia, didi
sikeTea, xolo arapatiosani gziT gamdidrebis msurvelni imitom mravldebian, rom ekonomika dRiTi dRe Tmobs poziciebs
da deficituri saqonlis dasaxeleba uaRresad izrdeba. aq
ukve samarTaldamcavma organoebma unda Tqvan TavianTi kompetenturi sityva, Tumca marto am organoebis moqmedebiT
Sors ver wavalT. upirvels yovlisa, ekonomikuri krizisidan
Tavis daRweva unda SevZloT gonieri da moqnili politikis
gamoyenebiT. am mxriv imediT mavsebs baton roman gociriZis
mier SemuSavebuli sareformo sistema, xolo igi rom Znelad
mkvidrdeba, es imisi brali sruliadac ar aris. ufro imaTi
zozinisa da wayruebis Sedegia, visac Zveli stereotipuli
sabWouri azrovneba jer kidev ver dauZlevia.
amdeni saqvelmoqmedo daxmareba modis, saSvels ki piri
ar uCans, ra gvWirs, sad midis yovelive. vtrabaxobT, vbaqibuqobT, saqme ki wertilidan ar iZvris...
qeba-didebas da mliqvnelobas saqarTveloSi Cveni saomocdaaTwlovani warsulis gadamkideni erTbaSad ver movspobT. simarTle giTxraT, RirseulTa SeqebaSi, maT waxalisebaSi
cuds verafers vxedav, es mec Zalian mawuxebs. araTu Cveulebriv maRaziebSi ar Cans dasavleTidan miRebuli daxmareba,
verc sabavSvo dawesebulebebs da saavadmyofoebs daetyoT
igi, am dros davrdomil, moxucTa, martoxelaTa da avadmyofTa dasaxmareblad Semozidul rZis fxvnils, ucxour
konservebs yovel fexis nabijze waawydebiT komerciul maRaziebSi. rogorc Cans, Cveni xelisufleba mafiis mimarT jeri
kidev uZluria. radikaluri zomebis miReba ratomRac Wianur-
148
deba. faqtia, saqme gvaqvs danaSaulTan, romelic jerjerobiT
Riad rCeba.
CrdiloeT oseTi gazis gadaketvas ver gagvibedavda, igi
rom ruseTs ar waegulianebina. imperia gvebrZvis. amas winaT
batonma e. SevardnaZem sworad axsna yofili imperiis mier saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg brZolis ani da hoe. CemTvis mezoblis
mier gazis gadaketvis faqti gaugonari angariSsworebisa da
mekobruli muxanaTobis gamovlinebaa. gazi gadauketes mTeli
saqarTvelos bavSvebs, moxucebs, puris sacxobebsa da saavadmyofoebs da saqarTveloSi mcxovreb rusi da osi erovnebis
moqalaqeebsac. me ganmacvifra im faqtma, rom civilizebuli
dasavleTi lamis dumiliT Sexvda saqarTvelos am ubedurebas. Cven, qarTvelebs, saerTaSoriso asociaciebis wevroba da
civilizebul qveynebTan urTierTobis damyareba imitom gvixaroda, rom amas Tan mohyveboda sxvadasxva saxis damcveli
diplomatiuri meqanizmebi, magram, samwuxarod, ase ar moxda.
me ar minda saqarTvelo Zveleburad stumrebis mimReb-gamcilebel, komunistur sufra-respublikas daemsgavsos. saxelmwifo sabWos dauyovnebliv unda miepyro Tavisi gancxadebiT msoflio sazogadoebis yuradReba zemoaRniSnul faqtze.
vTqvaT, ineba CrdiloeT oseTis sesiam da CagvirTo gazi, magram xom rCeba SesaZlebloba imisa, rom pirvelive incidentis
gamo Cveni CrdiloeTeli mezoblebi amas kvlav gaimeoreben,
maS ra gamodis, mudmivi kompromisisa da SiSis qveS viyoT?
arada, Cven gadasaxlebas arsad vapirebT da Cveni mezoblebi
yovelTvis iqnebian osebi, lekebi, CeCnebi da sxvani. rac Seexeba eTnokrizisebs, giTxraT simarTle, Zalian bevrs vfiqrob,
magram Zalian miWirs raime konkretulis, originaluris Tqma,
imitom, rom bevrma hipoTezam am mimarTulebiT kraxi ganicada. cxadia, eTnokrizisebi inspirirebulia, saqarTvelo lamis
dilemis winaSe dgas: Tu Tavs daukravs ruseTs da rusis jars
saqarTveloSi datovebs, Cvens damoukideblobas safrTxe daemuqreba. Tu ruseTisagan sabolood politikurad Tavis daRwevis kursi ganvagrZeT, mSvidi Zilis saSualeba ar mogvecema.
ai, swored amitom aris saWiro gaerTianebuli erebisa da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis politikuri sanqciebis amoqmedeba.
ai, amitom unda gaxdes saqarTvelo demokratiuli msoflios
sruluflebiani politikuri wevri.
149
bolos da bolos gvardia gaugonars arafers sCadis;
akeTebs imas, rasac saqarTvelos jari akeTebda yovelTvis,
yvela saukuneSi _ Tavis miwas icavs. gvardia unda Sevides cxinvalSi, saswrafod unda daiketos CrdiloeTidan diversiebis
wyeuli xvreli _ rokis gvirabi. mTeli samaCabloeli xalxis
saxeliT piroba mivceT mTel msoflios, rom roca es gakeTdeba, osebs aravin Seaviwroebs, isini Zveleburad icxovreben
Cvens miwaze mSvidad da keTilmezoblurad.
Tumca garemoebam gamapolitikosa, Cemi mTavari saqme
novelebis weraa. ar dagimalavT, ar minda Cemi naweri ukan
midevnebuli lampari iyos Cemi mkiTxvelisTvis _ kategoriulad ar veTanxmebi e. w. distanciis Teorias. vwer, ZiriTadad
Cvens dReebze, Tanamedrovis tkivilebiT savse yoveldRiurobaze. ar vici, ramdenad obieqturis, miudgomelis TvaliT aRviqvam dRevandelobas, magram Tundac oci-ocdaaTi wlis winaT daweril Cems arc erT novelaze ar vfiqrob, netav ase ar
damewera, dRes sxvanairad davwerdi-meTqi. xandaxan, Cemdauneburad, politikaSi Tu gaverevi, mxolod imitom, rom meti
gavigo Cvens cxovrebaze, meti informacia mqondes, raTa Cemi
SemoqmedebiT moyvass `siZnele gzisa gavuadvilo~. erTi suli
maqvs samaCabloSi wavide da gvardielTa gverdiT viyo, rogorc mebrZoli ki ara (me Tofs ver movkideb xels) rogorc
mwerali, raTa qarTvel mebrZolTa Zneli yofis suraTebi davutovo STamomavlobas. ra vqna, ver vugeb, gabutul, ganze
gamdgar, cxovrebis oromtrials garidebul xelovanT.
`Tvistomi~ saqarTvelos gareT mcxovrebTa ervnuli konsolidaciis sazogadoebaa da Cven yovel Rones vxmarobT,
raTa ucxoeTSi mcxovrebi Cveni Tanamemamuleni samSoblosaken movaqcioT. aseulobiT ojaxi davabruneT samSobloSi
CrdiloeT kavkasiidan da ruseTidan. es Cveni erovnuli fenomenis gaZlierebis erTaderTi nacadi gzaa. ar unda Segvipyros unapiro internacionalizmis damRupvelma sistemam. ar
SeiZleba gavSaloT mklavebi da yvela gzaabneulsa da devnils
saqarTveloSi sacxovreblad movuxmoT. es exeba, rasakvirvelia Turqi mesxebis problemasac. Cven Zalian kargad viciT,
Tu rogor gvixdian tradiciul sikeTes Semokedlebuli
ucxo tomebi. me vfiqrob, Turqi mesxebisagan mxolod isini
150
davabrunoT, vinc pasportSi qarTvels Caiwers da mSobliur
enad qarTuls aRiarebs. amboben: samasi aTas egreT wodebul
Turq-mesxTagan daaxloebiT 80% daTanxmdeba am winadadebas.
Semovlen isini qarTuli pasportebiT saqarTvelos miwaze,
damkvidrdebian, ori wlis Semdeg gadayrian am pasportebs
da gamogvicxadeben, gavarkvieT, rom Cven, qarTvelebi ki ara
Turqebi vyofilvarTo da keTili inebeT avtonomia gviboZeTo... es iqneba katastrofa samcxe-javaxeTis mravaltanjuli
mxarisaTvis. risTvis an vis sWirdeba aseTi eqsperimentio. sruliad ver uZlebs kritikas Turq-mesxTa mcire jgufebis TandaTanobiTi Semoyvana. rogorc ki WiSkars gavuxsniT niaRvars,
Semdeg veRar SevikavebT. ase rom, vfiqrob, Tu saqarTvelom
qarTuli fenomenis gaZlierebisaTvis, Cveni demografiuli
problemis gadawyvetisaTvis droulad ar izruna, sul raRac
90_100 wlis Semdeg qarTvelebi am miwaze erovnul umciresobaTa Soris aRmovCndebiT da mere yvela lamazi politikuri
fraza gaxunebuli iqneba, xolo msoflios istoriaSi samiode
sityviT Caiwereba: arsebobda kavkasionis qedis samxreTiT
uaRresad niWieri eri, romelic Tavisi mouzomavi, unapiro
internacionalizmiTa da gauazrebeli erovnuli xelgaSlilobiT gadaSenda...
RmerTma dagvifaros!
11 ivnisi, 1992 w.
sami seqtembris xelSekruleba
molaparakebis dawyebamde ori dRe iyo darCenili, yvelasagan moulodnelad, rusma cecxli rom gagvixsna. 1 seqtembers umowyalod mogvikla 20 qarTveli vaJkaci da dagviwva
misganve mamasisxlad nayidi tankebi. es iyo ara marto ruseTis kidev erTi istoriuli danaSauli saqarTvelos winaSe,
aramed saqarTvelos armiis welSi gasatexad gadadgmuli nabijic da fsiqologiuri zemoqmedebis formac. am faqtis gamo
msoflio gangaSi unda agvetexa, magram e. SevardnaZem aqac
Tavis Tavze aiRo pasuxismgebloba da misma gumanma, veWvob
151
gaimarjvos. xelSekruleba mTlianad ara, magram, oTxmoci
procentiT mainc simarTlis sasargeblod, e. i. Cven sasargeblod RaRadebs, rakiRa saqarTvelo am omSi RvTis winaSe
camde marTalia, Tanac mkiTxvels vTxov, nu daiviwyebs am
garemoebas, rom russ misi survilis sawinaaRmdegod es dokumenti msoflios progresuli Zalebis (buSi, `gaero~...) zemoqmedebamac Seaqmnevina.
Tumca aqve unda davsZinoT, rom dokumenti sakmaod eSmakuradaa Sedgenili da sruli TviTdamSvidebis safuZvels rodi
gvaZlevs. jer erTi, dokumentSi `afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis~ nacvlad yvelgan `afxazeTi~ weria, es separatists
utovebs imis iluzias, rom arZinbas ocdaSvidi ivnisis danaSaulebrivi dokumenti odesme SeiZleba gacocxldes. saerTod
saqarTvelos parlamentma pirvelsave sxdomaze unda gaauqmos qarTvelebisaTvis diskriminaciuli `afxazuri~ saarCevno
sistema, daniSnos afxazeTis avtonomiur respublikaSi yvela
erisTvis Tanaswori arCevnebi, bolo iqaurma axladarCeulma
parlamentma gansazRvros afxazeTis momavlis saxelmwifo wyoba. Cveni nakli komunistebis dros da Semdegac saqmis bolomde
miuyvanloba gaxlavT. Semdeg: marTalia, dokumentiT `uzrunvelyofilia saqarTvelos respublkis teritoriuli mTlianoba~, magram arsad weria vin daicavs saqarTvelos saxelmwifo
sazRvrebs. arc saqarTvelos sasazRvro jarebis yofnazea
laparaki e. w. afxazeTSi. garkveviT unda yofiliyo Cawerili:
`saqarTvelos mxridan daicavs saqarTvelos SeiaraRebul Zalebi, xolo ruseTis mxridan ruseTis SeiaraRebuli Zalebi~,
aseve bundovania (an iqneb, rusulidan arasrulyofilad Targmnili) fraza `...saqarTvelos respublikis, maT Soris afxazeTis
teritoriaze...~ (orjeraa dokumentSi gameorebuli) afxazeTis
teritoria saqarTvelos teritoriaa da rac saqarTveloze
iTqmis, bunebrivia, afxazeTzec vrceldeba.
axla mTavaria am `samSvidobo dokumentis~ cxovrebaSi
gatareba. dauyovnebliv unda gadaidgas nabijebi, raTa afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis teritoriaze mcxovrebma
qarTvelma (romelic mosaxleobis 47 procents Seadgens) Tavi
igrZnos Tavis samSobloSi, Tavis miwaze mcxovreblad da ara
gerad, an `afxazeTis stumrad~.
12 seqtemberi, 1992 w.
152
ras hqvia `momatyues~?
omi _ sasowarkveTa, arCevnebi _ imedi! _ urTulesi cxovrebiT cxovrobs dRes saqarTvelo.
dRes saqarTveloSi, kaci ar aris, rom Cvens ubedobaze ar
swuxdes, kerZod, afxazeTSi Seqmnil mdgomareobaze. TiTqosda
ca risxviT mogviquxda am bolo dros TiTqmis yvela Zalisxmeva axlandeli xelisuflebisa rogorme eSvela qveynisaTvis, marcxiT damTavrda, ra Tqma unda, kargia aRiareba: CixSi
moveqeciT, maxe dagviges, mogvatyueso, magram ufro ukeTesia,
sanam mogatyuebdnen, manamde dafiqrde Rrmad, awon-dawono
yvelaferi da ise gadawyvito, yovel meore dRes saxelmwifo
sabWos mowvevas da iq grZel-grZeli, brtyel-brtyeli sityvebis warmoTqmas jobda iq dakarguli dro dagvexarja saqarTvelos mdgomareobis Rrmad gaanalizebasa da msofliosTan
realuri, saqarTvelosaTvis saWiro urTierTobis damyarebaSi.
ai, ra Secdomebi davuSviT:
dagomisis xelSekrulebiT, samaCablo faqtobrivad davkargeT, samwliani sisxlisRvra Cveni Svilebisa wyalSi Cagveyara.
rokis gvirabs qarTveli mxare ver akontrolebs. oci aTasi
osi ltolvis nacvlad oTxmoci aTasi osi Semovida saqarTvelos teritoriaze, xelSekrulebiT WeSmaritad xelfexSekruli, boRmiT gulze gasiebuli qarTveli meomrebi Soridan
ucqerian samaCabloSi osuri saxelmwifos gamococxlebas da
gaZlierebas. Tavs nu movityuebT, Cveni iurisdiqcia absoluturad ar vrceldeba samaCablos teritoriaze.
axla afxazeTSi gadmovideT. sanam afxazeTis teritoriaze
jars SeviyvandiT, saWiro iyo elcinTan seriozuli molaparakeba da misgan imis garantiis miReba, rom ruseTis teritoriidan konfederaciis jarebi ar Semovidnen saqarTveloSi. Tu
elcini (me ar vyof zogierTiviT ruseTs calke elcinis xelisuflebad da calke konservatiul ZalTa xelisuflebad)
amis pirobas ar mogvcemda, maSin saqarTvelos xelisuflebas unda emoqmeda elcinze gaeros da Cveni megobari (Tu es
megobroba moCvenebiTi ar aris) saxelmwifoebis meSveobiT. Tu
dasavleTic daibanda xels rusT xelmwifeze zemoqmedebisagan,
maSin ar unda gadagvedga Cveni respublikisaTvis es TiTqmis
153
sabediswero nabiji. rogorc irkveva Cven jer jarebi davZariT
Cvensave teritoriaze afxazeTSi Sesasvlelad da mere daviwyeT im urTierTobis damyareba, romelzedac zemoT mogaxseneT.
garda amisa, Tuki gadavdgamdiT nabijs qarTvelTa samarTliani samamulo omis gaCaRebisaken, sruliad gaumarTlebelia qarTveli meomrebis dacvedneba omis saqmeSi Cauxedavi
politikosebis mier. jariskacis moqmedebis principi gamarjvebisaTvis brZolaa da gamarjvebiT tkboba. Tu Sen orasi
metriT miuaxloeb mizans _ cxinvals da Sig ar SeuSveb, Tu
Sua gzaze SeaCereb gudauTisaken msrbolel armias, amiT, jer
erTi, mters aZlev gamagrebis da gaZlierebis saSualebas,
meorec, qarTul jars da, saerTod, qarTvel kacs uCen arasrulfasovnebis sindroms, rac damRupvelia erisaTvis. ai, es
dagvemarTa afxazeTSi.
garda amisa, Sedegi ar gamoiRo ucxourma garigebebma saqarTvelos ekonomikuri gaZlierebis Sesaxeb, razec wamdauwum
gahyvirodnen TavianT interviuebSi, Cveni xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi lamis rva Tvea xelisuflebis saTaveSi arian da irkveva, rom maTi dapirebebi, damSeuli saqarTvelos
gamokvebis Sesaxeb, trabaxs da motyuebas ufro waagavda.
dabolos, Cemi fiqriT, Secdoma iyo gauTavebeli patiebaSewyaleba damnaSaveebis. buSs rom sTxovo, esa da es patimari
gauSvio, gakvirvebisagan mxrebs aiCeCavs: me ra ufleba maqvs
patimari gavuSvao. Sen ki ar unda Seiwyalo damnaSave-recidivisti, Tof-iaraRiT saimedod daculma xelisuflebam, aramed
unda apatios mokluli da dasaxiCrebuli Svilebis mamam, aseTi mamebisaTvis ki aravis araferi ukiTxavs. me vfiqrob, swori
ar aris, amerikis da safrangeTis demokratiuli mmarTvelobis modeli moargo banditebiT da yaCaRebiT mdidar saqarTvelos. realuris gauTvaliswinebloba da sxdomebis gadayola
mimaCnia Cveni saxelmwifo sabWos muSaobis mTavar naklad...
ar viqnebiT obieqturi, Tu Tanamedrove saqarTvelos Tavs
damtydar mTels ubedurebas mxolod Cvens ukanono xelisuflebas davabralebT, TiTqosda yvelam piri Sekra saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg. ver gamigia, riT ganvarisxeT RmerTi ase, an
ra davuSaveT Cvens uaxloes mezoblebs. dagomisis da moskovis
xelSekrulebebi ruseTis mxarem odnavac ar Seasrula, konfed-
154
eracia da erTi muWa afsua ki ara, Cven faqtobrivad ruseTi
gvebrZvis, magram ubedureba is aris, rom msofliom yuric ar
gaibertya Cvens ubedurebaze. moismines gaeroSi SevardnaZis
saintereso sityva, taSic daukres, magram `sxvisi Wiris _ Robes
_ Cxiris~ Teoriaze darCnen. araviTari qmediTi daxmareba, bedis dacinva ar aris, rom natom, romelic cocxali ZaliT
daexmara iugoslavias, Cven iuridiulad gamogvicxada: Tqvens
konfliqtSi ver CavereviT, Tu gindaT, TbilisSi samecniero
konferencias CagitarebTo! gasagebia ruseTis urCxulis jer
kidev eSinia civilizebul dasavleTs, magram nuTu ase bedis
anabarad unda migvatovos da gagvwiros mTelma msofliom?
nuTu saqarTvelo, romelsac msoflio civilizaciaSi amdeni
saganZuri Seutania, rus SovinistTa da velur mTielTa sajijgnad unda gaswiron? me mainc vfiqrob, rom qoTnis keTeba,
vinc daiwyo, yuric manve unda gamoabas, me mainc vfiqrob, rom
kidev erTxel mivceT saSualeba saqarTvelos xelisufalT,
scadon da waRma Seatrialon saqarTvelos bedi.
me mxars vuWer arCevnebs da guliT miviReb masSi monawi­
leobas, imis imediT, rom axlad arCeul parlaments da mis
Tavmjdomares eyofaT goniereba, dawyebuli saintereso Cana­
fiqrebi bolomde miiyvanon, xolo maT mier nebiT Tu uneb­
lied daSvebuli seriozuli Secdomebi garmoasworon.
1992 w.
`me am qveynis oromtrialSi wili midevs~
mweralTa yrilobis dawyebis win skverSi momxdari amazrzeni faqti imdenad Soreulia, rom giTxraT simarTle, aRarc
maxsovs. damaviwyda, albaT, imitom, rom gonebam ar daijera,
Tu SeeZlo qarTvels wigni daexia da sanagveze moesrola. maSinac vTqvi da axlac vimeoreb, rom es iyo motyuebul mandilosanTa speqtakli. maT ar icodnen, ras sCadiodnen. rac
Seexeba SurisZiebas, erTi wamiTac ar mifiqria amaze. visze
unda viZio Suri, Cems Semcdar debze? maxsovs, imave dRes,
yrilobis dawyebis win, karebamde momsdia Cemma nacnobma cis-
155
ferTvaleba zviadistma qaliSvilma: batono revaz, nu CaidenT gamousworebel Secdomas, nu SexvalT mag yrilobaze,
Tqven mand Sesasvlelad ar memetebiTo. iseTi gulwrfelobiT meubneboda am sityvebs, rom misi gadarwmuneba arc micdia. sulerTi iyo, azrs ver Sevacvlevinebdi. ar vici, ramdenad damijereben yofili prezidentis damqaSebi (amJamad ukve
opozicioneri qalbatonebi), magram me isini miyvars.
samwuxarod, politikurma dapirispirebam mwerlobaSic
iCina Tavi. dRes saqarTveloSi, faqtobrivad, mweralTa ori
kavSiria. amiT Cveni eris sulieri erTianobis saZirkveli
gaibzara. mwerali xom CvenSi qveynis winamZRolobasac kisrulobda da eris mTlianobas sakuTari sisxliTa da ofliT
aduRabebda.
esiamovneba Tu ara es zogierT diplomats, eris WeSmariti winamZRoli mwerlobaa, mweralia. ra Tqma unda, namdvil,
sindisier mweralze mogaxsenebT. mweralTa kavSiri CvenTvis
Sexvedrebis, saubrebis, mwerlisaTvis muSaobis pirobebis Seqmnis dawesebulebaa da ara koleqtiuri Semoqmedebis an raRac
saerTo kredos gamomuSavebis asparezi. mwerlebi yovelTvis
martoni varT Cvens brZolaSi. amitom Cems pativiscemas yovelTvis ufro is mwerali imsaxurebs, Tavis Cangs oficialuri xelisuflebis Cangze rom ar aawyobs, romelic epoqis
Seuvali, obieqturi mematianea. amitomac ar viyare kenWi parlamentis deputatobaze. iqneb vcdebi, magram meCveneba, rom
parlamentis wevroba mwerals Tavisuflebas uzRudavs. magaliTad, sami-oTxi mwerali iyo wina parlamentSi da TavianTi
parlamentarobiT, rogorc gairkva, qveyanas bevri veraferi
sikeTe moutanes.
rac Seexeba mweralTa or kavSirs, ara mgonia orma da
Tundac eqvsma mweralTa kavSirma eris sulieri erTianobis
saZirkveli gabzaros. rogorc zemoT giTxariT, eris sulier
erTianobas eris sindisi aduRabebs da ara romelime dawesebuleba. mweralTa kavSiri ki am SemTxvevaSi, mxolod SemoqmedebiTi kavSiria da sxva araferi. ase rom, didad nu gavazviadebT mis mniSvnelobas, eris mebairaxtre TviT mwerali
individia da ara kavSiri. amdenad, umjobesia mwerals vugdebdeT yurs da vafasebdeT mas, rogorc saWiroa.
SvidTviani saxelmwifo sabWo ukve Cveni dReebis istori-
156
aa. gardasulze me mxolod im SemTxvevaSi meqneba kritikuli
SeniSvnebis gamoTqmis ufleba, Tu am naklovanebebze manamdec
miTqvams sityva. SeniSvnebi, romlebzedac qvemoT mogaxsenebT,
sxvadasxva interviuebSic araerTxel gamomixatavs da radio
Tu satelevizio gamosvlebSic xazgasmiT aRminiSnavs.
pirdapir getyviT: saxelmwifo sabWos `did istoriul damsaxurebas~, SeiZleba vcdebi, magram me ver vxedav. yovel mesame
dRes mravalsaaTiani debatebi saxelmwifo sabWos sxdomebze
maincdamainc didi SedegebiT ara brwyinavda. saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso aRiarebani upiratesad epoqis damsaxurebaa, xolo is
sakvanZo sakiTxebi, rasac saxelmwifo sabWom sxvadasxva dros
dasturi misca, mTliani saqarTvelos SenarCunebisaTvis win
gadadgmul nabijebad ar meCveneba. kidev erTxel mogaxsnebT,
iqneb vcdebi-meTqi, magram samwuxarod dagomisis xelSekrulebiT Cven lamis davkargeT samaCablo. qarTuli miwis warTmevis
mosurne os separatistebTan orwliani samamulo omis Sedegebi wyalSi Cagveyara. samSvidobo derefani, Cemi Rrma rwmeniT, gorsa da cxinvals Soris ki ar unda gakeTebuliyo, aramed
ori sxvadasxva saxelmwifos sazRvarze, rokis gvirabTan, ruseTsa da saqarTvelos Soris. visRa davumaloT _ saqarTvelos
iurisdiqcia cxinvalSi ar vrceldeba, xolo rokis gvirabidan
ganuwyvetliv Semodian yofili imperiis sxvadasxva kuTxeSi
aRzrdil-dabadebuli osebi da Cvens miwaze saxldebian. moxda
is, risic yvelaze metad meSinoda. xelSekrulebam mxolod Cven
Segvikra xelebi, osebs ki gauxsna.
axla afxazeTSi gadmovinacvloT. sanam qarTuli armia
Tavis teritoriaze gadaadgildeboda da saqarTvelos eTnikur kuTxeSi _ afxazeTSi _ Sevidoda, me vfiqrob, xelisuflebas ori ram mainc unda gaekeTebina: elcinisaTvis unda
ecnobebina am gadaadgilebis ganzraxva da eTxova, konfederaciis Tavgadaxotrili gvelebi saqarTvelos dasarbevad
ar gamouSva. Tu elcini amazec, rogorc mas saerTod axasiaTebs, orWoful pasuxs mogvcemda, am SemTxvevaSi ruseTis
prezidentze unda gvemoqmeda dasavleTis saxelmwifoebis, evroparlamentis, gaeros, natos arxebiT. rogorc irkveva, arc
pirveli da arc meore ar gakeTebula. rusis jarma gudauTasTan rom cecxli gagvixsna, mere daviwyeT gzebis Zieba. rac
Seexeba armias, gagra-leseliZe-ganTiadTan Cveni samxedro
157
warumateblobis gamo damarcxebuli kacis sindromi maqvs da
manam ar gamiqreba es sindromi, sanam rus-afsua-CeCnebis mier
am oriode kviris winaT warTmeul Cvens teritoriebs ar davibrunebT. me verafriT ver davarqmev brZnul strategias
cxinvalTan oras metrSi misuli gvardiis ukan gamobrunebas
da verc kilometr-naxevarSi gudauTasTan misuli qarTuli
SenaerTebisaTvis Cvens brZaneba-RaRads: `ar dagvRupoT, gudauTaSi ar SexvideTo!~ jariskacis Tavganwirvis erT-erTi
stimuli gamarjvebiT tkbobaa. mwvervalTan misuls rom ukan
gamoabrunebT, amiT mis dadedlebas, dacvednebas uwyob xels.
aseve ar veTanxmebodi da davwere kidec amis Sesaxeb `saqarTvelos respublikaSi~, saxelmwifo sabWos `triumfalur~
vizits samegreloSi. mogvianebiT TviTon saxelmwifo sabWos
Tavmjdomarem aRiara, rom es viziti Secdoma iyo. rac Seexeba gauTavebel patieba-manifestebs, arc am gulubryvilo
hedonizmma gamoiRo sasurveli Sedegi. saxelmwifo sabWos
realobis grZnoba dakarguli hqonda. demokratiis modeli,
romelic inglisisaTvis an amerikisaTvis gamodgeba bandebiT
daxunZluli saqarTvelosTvis sruliad uvargisia. damnaSaves
Sen ki ar unda apatio, oficialurma xelisuflebam, da amiT
demokratiuli mmarTvelobis reitingi Seiqmna, aramed gaupatiurebul gogos, an mokluli vaJis mamam unda apatios. am
ukanasknelTaTvis ki, rogorc viciT, araferi ukiTxavT. dabolos, kraxi ganicada xelisuflebis rudunebam ekonomikuri
krizisidan saqarTvelos gamosaxsnelad. sadaa teleinterviuebSi daxvavebuli dapirebani sazRvargareTuli garigebainvesticiebis warmatebiT dagvirgvinebis Sesaxeb? sadaa dapirebuli Saqari, xorci da karaqi? xom ar vatyuebT xalxs
lamaz-lamazi sityvebiT?
ai, es da sxva mravali, romelTa Sesaxebac sityvas aRar
gavagrZeleb, maiZulebs skeptikurad Sevxedo ukanono saxelmwifo sabWos saqmianobas da imedi viqonio, rom bolos da bolos kanonieri parlamenti (romlis wevrTa sia didad rodi
gansxvavdeba saxelmwifo sabWos Semadgenlobisagan) bolos
da bolos gamoasworebs Tavisi winamorbedis daSvebul Secdomebs. me ki _ revaz miSvelaZes _ saqarTvelo ar minda da
verc warmomidgenia Cemi istoriuli miwebis _ samaCablosa da
afxazeTis _ gareSe da yovelTvis im xelisuflebis mxareze
158
viqnebi, vinc Tavisi gonivruli politikis (da ara xalxis motyuebiTa da cru dapirebiT) yvelafers gaakeTebs saqarTvelos mTlianobis SesanarCuneblad.
ara var iseTi kaci, rom simpaTia-antipaTiebze, koniunqturaze avago Cemi Sexedulebebi. me pretenzia maqvs, viyo mwerali da eris bedisTvis, misi momavlisTvis pasuxs vagebde.
Cems cxovrebaSi sxvadasxva yaidis, mimarTulebebis samiode
mTavroba gamovicvale da arc erT maTganTan imdenad ar
vyofilvar Caxutebuli, rom Cemi, rogorc mwerlis, marTvis sadaveebi maTTvis Camebarebina. samagirod, arc erTi xelisuflebisgan ise ar gavmdgarvar ganze, rom qedmaRlurad
zemodan damexeda an amreziT mecqira misi namoqmedarisaTvis.
me am qveynis oromtrialSi wili miZevs, me yoveli xelisuflebis yovel sasikeTo nabijs aRfrTovanebiT mivesalmebi xolo naklovanebebs mokrZalebiT SevniSnav-xolme. Cemi
damokidebulebis es meore mxare bevrs ar moswons. ras izamT,
iSviaTze iSviaTad Semxvedria kaci, rom Cem mier gamoTqmuli
SeniSvnebisTvis madloba eTqvas.
27 oqtomberi, 1992 w.
ufro didi omebic mogvigia
jerjerobiT samaCablo davkargeT, afxazeTs vkargavT.
russ unda Cveni damarcxeba da vmarcxdebiT. amas unda davumatoT Cveni xelisuflebis orWofuli, CemTvis bevr rameSi
gaurkveveli politika ruseTTan mimarTebaSi, romelsac me
TiTqmis, oportunistuls davarqmevdi.
es `Caxuteba~ Cveni Svilebis mravalsaukunovan monobad
dagvijdeba, momavalSi maTgan wyevla-krulvas ver avcdebiT.
saqarTvelo damoukidebeli da Tavisufali unda gaxdes _ esaa
Cveni mizani.
risTvis gvinda rusis jari saqarTveloSi? roca moexasiaTeba, tyvia rom dagviSinos? ratom vyofT Tavs axal yulfSi? yulfi gvaklia? ver visvenebT uRlisa da apeuris gareSe?
saqarTveloSi axlac cotani rodi arian `sng~-Si Cveni Sesvlis
msurvelni...
159
swored isini migverekebian monobisaken, rao. sng-m moupova mSvidoba sng-s wevr somxeTs? daicva igi an gadauwyvita
yarabaRis problema? daakvirdiT ra xdeba: ruseTi CrdiloeT
kavkasiaSi oseTis mxares dgeba da CeCneTs ebrZvis, xolo saqar­
TveloSi CeCnebis da afsuebis mxares iWers da qarTvelebs ebrZvis, ai, am dampyroblis garewruli orsaxovneba. Cven ki, Cveni
ubedurebis am upirveles mizezTan _ ruseTTan _ molaparakebis
magidas vusxedvarT da, rogorc irakli wereTelma Tqva, axal
georgievskis traqtats vwerT. kacma ar icis, rodis miecema
istoriaSi kidev erTxel saqarTvelos ganTavisuflebis Sansi.
ruseTi farulad ki ara, pirdapir gvebrZvis, tyvias gviSens.
gvesrola 1 seqtembers da xuTi tanki agvifeTqa, gvesrola 3
noembers, 5 noembers... Cven ki imis nacvlad, rom saprotesto
nota gagvegzavna da msoflioSi gangaSi agvetexa, dumili varCieT. axla `did xelSekrulebas~ vdebT. TiTqosda ar vicodeT,
rom rusma CvenTan dadebuli arc erTi xelSekruleba ar Seasrula da arc amas Seasrulebs.
rusi aSkarad gvebrZvis, Cven, winaswar, kapitulaciis gzas
mainc nu davadgebiT. dapyrobili vyavarT da gvCagravs _ es
mainc vaRiaroT da gavagebinoT yvelas. davaneboT ararsebul
megobrobaze laparaks Tavi. xom naxeT, rogor dagvcina ruseTis delegaciis erT-erTma Tavkacma (amJamad `didi xelSekrulebis!~ kampaniaSi rom monawileobs) _ ruseTi saqarTvelos
mxarezea, magram, gamogitydebiT, amJamad ruseTs Zala ara aqvs,
rom konfederaciis yaCaRebis saqarTveloSi Semosvlas win
aRudgeso. Tqven es daijereT?
roca moindoma, xom naxeT, rogor Seukra xel-fexi inguSebs
da CrdiloeT oseTSi ar SeuSva.
ruseTi TvalTmaqcia. Cvenma xelisuflebam swored misi
TvalTmaqcoba da veragoba unda amxilos, is ki, samwuxarod,
orWoful politikas adgas.
swored parlaments mosdis, pirveli sxdomebidanve, Secdomebi. pirvelive dadgenilebiT armia unda Seeqmna. CvenTan
yvelaferi keTdeba armiis Seqmnis garda. saomar mdgomareobaSi
myof qveyanaSi, armiis faqtiur Seqmnaze mogaxsenebT. kargia
ruseTis jarSi qarTvel generlebs rom veZebT, magram vis unda
umeTauron am generlebma, ratom ar vkiTxulobT?
Tu qmediT RonisZiebebs ar mivmarTeT, erTi nabiji dagvrCa soxumis dakargvamde, rac Cveni axlandeli xelmZRvanelobis faqtiuri da saboloo kraxi iqneba. rusma aqac gvimuxTla;
guSinwin sixaruliT gamovacxadeT, soxumidan rusebi midiano.
swored eg aris saSiSi. rusebi ar midian gudauTidan, gumisTadan, gagridan da leseliZidan. midian soxumidan. xom bavSvic
mixvdeba, rom tragedia mzaddeba. rusma sabolood gagvwira
_ gadamTielTagan soxumis ieriSs dasturs aZlevs da TviTon,
ziani rom ar miadges, gaclas amjobinebs. samagierod, Cvens
poziciebs maSinve bombavs, rogorc ki afsuebis mxares gavisvriT.
ra unda qnas Cvenma sawyalma xelisuflebam?
ra qnas da rasac aseT SemTxvevaSi yvela keTilgonieri xelisufleba izamda. TvalebSi Sexedos realobas. gamoacxados
sayovelTao mobilizacia. gadaiyvanos qveyana saomar yaidaze,
gulze gaikras lozungi `yvelaferi frontisaTvis~, Tu didi
avtoriteti aqvs sazRvargareT atexos zarebis rekva, piradad
eaxlos amerikis, germaniis, inglisis, safrangeTis, sxva qveynebis mTavrobebs TxovniT qmediTi daxmarebisaTvis.
natom 6 aTasi jariskaci gagzavna iugoslaviaSi, saqarTvelos ki iaraRiT da cocxali ZaliT daxmarebaze uari uTxra.
Tu gnebavT, pativs gcemT da samecniro konferencias CagitarebTo. samecniero konferenciis da poeziis saRamos Catareba
Cvenc mSvenieri viciT magram gvSvelis?
Cemi azriT ararealuria dasavleTis daxmareba. roca orWoful politikas adgaxar da, faqtiurad, or skamze jdoma
ginda. dasavleTs ara aqvs imis garantia, rom Tu saqarTveloSi `natos~ an gaeros jarebs Semoiyvans, Cveni xelisufleba
dasaxmareblad `erTmorwmune sayvarel~ ruseTs ar mimarTavs _ hariqa, saqarTveloSi ucxoeTis intervencia daiwyo da
miSveleTo, piradad me mjera, daxmareba maSin iqneba, roca ruseTs faqtiurad (da ara moCvenebiTad) gavemijnebiT.
dasavleTis yovel realur nabijs, saqarTvelos dasaxmareblad, ruseTi male im kabalur (Cven mierve xelmowerils da beWeddasmuls) xelSekrulebas aafarebs, romelic axla ase daCqarebuli tempiT mzaddeba. ratom vityuebT Tavs? gana Cveni
gamasxaraveba ar iyo, daniSnul dRes elcinma rom ar ikadra
Cvens xelmZRvanelebTan Sexvedra, gana Cveni gabiTureba ar
160
11. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
161
iyo kozirevTan Sesaxvedrad Tbilisis aeroportSi rom idgnen
maspinZlebi da ar CamobrZanda? gana, arafers eubneba is faqti Cvens SorsmWvretel politikosebs _ 3 seqtembris xelSekrulebis Semdeg arZinba moskovSi rom darCa da ruseTis xelisuflebisagan `naCuqari~ kompiuteruli tankebi gamogzavna
`bomboras~ aerodromze? arc imaze unda gamovibertyoT yurebi
amJamad, rom arZinba moskovSia da ukve `miaRwia~ rusebis `gasvlas~ soxumidan? ratom vibrmavebT Tvals, vera da ver gamigia.
samoci aTasi ltolvili afxazeTidan saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxeSia gabneuli. damerwmuneT, maTi didi nawili ukan aRar
dabrundeba. ukve, visac saSualeba aqvs saxlebs iZenen da afxazeTs gareT fuZndebian. ra qnan, suli mwarea. esaa saqme? male
vilaparakebT imaze, rom `afxazeTis respublikaSi~ qarTvelebi
ormocdaSvidi procenti ki ara, Cvidmet procentze naklebi
arian, Cven xom faqtiurad gavwireT gudauTa-gagra-leseliZeSi
mcxovrebi qarTvelebi genocidisaTvis.
ararealuria yofili prezidentis `Teoria~ iberiul-kavkasiur orientaciasa da kavkasiur saxlSi saqarTvelos Sesvlaze.
araviTari iberiul-kavkasiuri saxli bunebaSi ar arsebobs.
Cveni uaxloesi Crdiloeli mezoblebi ki, CeCneTis CaTvliT,
mcire gamonaklisis garda, ZiriTadad saqarTveloze Tvalebdaprawuli, zRvaze gasasvlelis maZiebeli, naxevrad kulturuli tomebia. saqarTvelom CrdiloeTis sazRvrebi, aw da maradis, gansakuTrebiT unda daicvas. rac Seexeba gamsaxurdias,
igi tragikuli pirovnebaa. darwmunebuli var, igi saqarTvelos
mteri ar aris (rogoradac xSirad naTlaven misi moZuleni),
magram, groznoSi yofnis gamo, iZulebulia Tavis maspinZlebs
zog rameze kveri daukras.
CeCeneTma bolo xanebSi Tavisi Tavganwiruli kveTebiT orjer aiZula am qveynis Casaylapad yalyze Semdgari ruseTi, ukan
daexia.
Cveni diplomatiis `brwyinvale gamarjvebiT~ damTavrebuli
dagomisis da 3 seqtembris xelSekrulebebi gvelis nakbeniviT
damamaxsovrda. orive xelSekrulebam xom samarcxvino kraxi
ganicada. ruseTTan (da ara marto ruseTTan) unda davdoT
savaWro, samecnier-kulturuli da ekonomikuri xelSekrulebani, rogorc Tanasworma qveyanam. mcireoden politikur kompromissac ki TeTri daTvi Cvens sazianod gamoiyenebs. rac Se-
162
exeba rusis jars, nu veTamaSeb-vekeklucebiT mis statuss da
saxelwodebas. viTom, `dajgufebas~ Tu davarqmevT, didi SeRavaTia? rusis jari amJamad saqarTvelos dampyrobelia (imis
miuxedavad, aRiarebs Tu ara amas rusebze Seyvarebuli zogi
politikosi), axal xelSekrulebaSi ruseTs unda mieces daqiravebuli jaris statusi da mkacrad unda ganisazRvros saqarTvelodan misi sruli da saboloo gasvlis vada _ ara ugvianes sami wlisa, amasTan, rusis daqiravebuli jaris upirveles
amocanad CaiTvalos ucxoel dampyrobelTagan saqarTvelos
dacva (axla ki rusi piriqiT moqmedebs; ucxoel dampyrobelT
icavs qarTvelebisagan).
ver amixsnia, ratom ver iqca saqarTvelosTvis omi erovnul
ubedurebad, ratom mTeli saqarTvelo erTnairad ar ganicdis.
zogan jer kidev ratom moqmedebs `sxvisi Wiri Robes Cxiris~
principi.
parlamenti or dRes `sruliad saidumlod~ ganixilavs afxazeTis sakiTxs da rezoluciasac ki ar iRebs _ TiTqosda,
afxazeTis problemasTan dakavSirebiT (erovnul-politikuri
TvalsazrisiT) raime gaurkveveli iyos. aseve gaognebuli var
imis gamo, rom am bolo Tvis ganmavlobaSi rac cekva-simRera
gvesmis da vxedavT, amdeni karga xania, ar mogvismenia. ra xdeba?
vis vxeTqavT gulze da vis vuSliT nervebs? sasimRerod gvaqvs
saqme? amas hqvia `gareT mters vabrmaveb da SigniT moyvareso~.
ise ar gamigoT, TiTqos cekva-simReris winaaRmdeg vilaSqrebde.
magram me zomierebis momxre var. ar SeiZleba gamoacxado, Svidi qarTveli mtrebma cocxlad damarxeso da amas omaxiani simRera moayolo. sxva Tu araferi, daRupulTa Wirisufals vceT
pativi. miT umetes rom, am SemTxvevaSi, Wirisufali mTeli eri
varT.
xom gaxsovT, uaxloes TveebSi ra lamazad gvapurebdnen
tyuilebiT. Cven ki ara, Turme, TviT SevardnaZesac atyuebdnen
_ xelSekrulebebi droulad gaformda, axla mTavaria, gemTviTmfrinav-matareblebis gadmotvirTvis dros ar vizarmacoTo. me vici, bevri evropeli saqmosani matyuara da flidia,
saqarTvelos lamazi TvalebisaTvis aravin daexmareba, magram
mikvirs, Cveni bunebrivi resursebis realizeba-dabandeba kus
nabijebiT rom miiwevs win.
saerTod ki, mTavrobam unda icodes: yoveli grandiozuli
163
puris rigi, sadac puris mopoveba martorqaTa brZolis meTodebiT miiRweva, amave dros demonstraciaa, xelisuflebis uniaTobis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli. puris gaZvirebis gamarTleba
imiT ar SeiZleba, respublikidan gahqondaTo. bolos da bolos
Sekravdi im Svidiode WiSkars da veRar gaitandnen, magram raki
gavaZvireT, misi ganawileba mainc iyos adamianur doneze. xom
SeiZleba me, moqalaqes, mqondes baraTi, raTa Cemi wili, Tundac oTxasi grami puri, kisrismtvrevis gareSe miviRo.
sabazro ekonomika, albaT, ekonomikis winsvlis berketia,
magram, sanam mis sikeTes vigrZnobT, xalxs suli amosZvreba.
sabazro ekonomika is ar unda iyos _ kacs, romelsac xelfasi
aTasi maneTi aqvs, kilogrami yveli rvaas maneTad mihyido. Cven
axla gaZvaltyavebuli saxelmwifo varT, amitomac, iqneb jobdes, sabazro ekonomikis paralelurad sabaraTo sistema SemoviRoT _ mkacri ganawilebiT _ ise rogorc alyaSemortymul
leningradSi anawilebdnen pursa da konservebs.
axla im saqmeze vilaparakeb, raSic gacilebiT ufro kompe­
ten­
turi var, ras akeTebs mwe­
ralTa kavSiri am Znelbedobis
dros?
me mgoni, Tqven kargad xedavT rasac akeTebs. rogorc iqna,
mwerlebs saSualeba mogveca ers ise vemsaxuroT, rogorc SegviZlia. Cvens azrs abuCad aravin igdebs da mweralTa kavSirSi
karebs aravin gvirazavs. xom naxeT, mizezTa gamo gamotovebul
iubileebsac vixdiT da Cveni eris gamxnevebasac vcdilobT.
dro da dro frontsac vewveviT xolme, raTa Cvens mebrZolebs
movesiyvaruloT. araerTi axalgazrda poeti, xelovani ibrZvis
soxumTan da oCamCiresTan iaraRiT xelSi. ramdenime maTgani
(levan abaSiZe, nukri aslamaziSvili) gmirulad daiRupa...
saqarTvelos ufro didi omebi waugia da istoriis ufro
Zlier wnexsac gadarCenia. mTeli guliT da sxeuliT Sebruneba
_ dasavleTisaken, sayovelTao mobilizacia, eris erT muStad
Sekvra. namdvili demokratiis ganviTareba (da ara SigadaSig),
qveynis saomar yaidaze gadayvana, laybobisaTvis wertilis dasma. imgvari wesrigis damyareba, saomar mdgomareobas rom Seefereba _ ai, ra aris mTavari, ai, ris imediT unda vicxovroT.
27 noemberi, 1992 w.
164
yvelafers nu maTqmevinebT...
ra dasamalia, qarTul kulturas axla mZime dReebi udgas,
imdenad mZime, rom kulturis gadamrCeni komitetic ki Seiqmna.
mizezi?
komiteti (romelic urigod rodi muSaobs) ras uSvelis, Tu
TviT kulturis muSakebmac gaswires qarTuli kultura.
ekonomikur siviwroves (Teatrs dekoraciis gakeTebis fuli
ara aqvs) isic daemata, rom gamoCenil reJisorTa umetesobam
zurgi Seaqcia xelovnebas. gamorCeul, niWier reJisorTagan
umetesoba `Rrma emigraciaSi~ brZandebian. xom faqtia, isini
faqtiurad dakargulni arian qarTuli kulturis uSualo, aqtiuri samsaxurisaTvis.
sxvaTa Soris guram petriaSvili simarTles ambobda; mSobliur keras nu miatovebs saxelganTqmuli xelovanio rom gahkioda _ marTali iyo. RmerTo, Segcode da, imaSic marTali iyo
_ sayvarelo msaxiobebo da reJisorebi (icoda, visac gulisxmobda), ar unda iyos mTlad kargi toni erTmaneTTan rusulad
WikWiki repeticiebze da kulisebSio.
SarSan seqtemberSi laRiZis wylebTan erT Cems megobar msaxiobs Sevxvdi da SemomCivla, amixseni, Tu Zma xar, ra xdeba, Tu
ici, rac komunisturi mTavroba gadavagdeT, xelisuflebis arc
erT warmomadgenels qudi rom Seugdo, TeatrSi ar Semodiso.
saerTod, zviad gamsaxurdia erTsaxovani kaci iyo da adviladSesacnobi. igi autaneli sulac ar gaxldaT, autanelni,
swored rom mis amalaSi mdgomi uniWo da xelmocaruli adamianebi iyvnen. erTma bevri uZaxa Tavis Tavs radioteleviziiT _
mwerali var, literatori varo, magram amaod. veravin daarwmuna amaSi.
garda reJisorebis emigraciisa, Tu iciT kidev ram gamoiwvia, rom mayurebelma qarTul Teatrs zurgi Seaqcia?
swored im mizezma, rac am sami wlis win daviCivle da ris
gamoc, kinaRam, jvars macves. qarTveli kacis sevda da naRveli,
qarTuli sinamdvile gavida Teatridan. mimoixedeT, ra xdeba
_ imperiis rRveva! saqarTvelos gaTavisufleba! erovnuli xelisuflebis iaraRiT damxoba! samamulo omi! riT gamoexmaura
am epoqalur tkivilebs qarTuli Teatri? guSinwin, rogorc
iqna rusTavelis Teatrma sezoni gaxsna _ rogor fiqrobT,
165
riTi? did scenaze `titus andronikusi~ midioda, mcireze _
`mususi~. gana am qmnilebebSi Cadebuli problemebi zogadkacobriuli ar aris da gana yvela dros ar exmianeba, magram `mususis~ problema udgas axla qarTvel kacs? aRaras vambob Cveni
saxelovani Teatrebis SarSandel, lamis Cavardnil sezonze.
amis mere gvikvirs, mayurebelma zurgi Segvaqciao. brwyinvaled
Tqva amas winaT giga lorTqifaniZem _ Cven qarTuli Teatri ki
ar gvaqvs, qarTulenovani Teatri gvaqvso.
dRes xelovanisagan saWiroa, epoqis xelovnebis Seqmna. dRes
saqarTveloSi samamulo omia. xelovanma, samSoblos dacvis
ideiT unda aRWurvos adamiani. `mususi~ mSvenieri ramea, magram
omis dros `giorgi saakaZes~ iRebdnen da SostakoviCi meSvide
simfonias werda. receptebis gacemisagan da Wkuis swavlebisagan RmerTma damifaros, magram omis sazogadoebrivi fsiqologia adamianTa masebs ganwyobilebaTa da miswrafebaTa lokalizaciiT muxtavs, xelovnebam swored rom am etaps unda auRos
alRo.
yurs mokravdiT, albaT, axlaxan rusTavelis Teatris
xelmZRvanelobam pensiaze gauSva ramaz CxkivaZe, medea Caxava,
giorgi gegeWkori, ediSer maRalaSvili, karlo sakandeliZe,
zina kverenCxilaZe da guram saRaraZe. _ modi da amis Semdeg
Teatris mier Tavisi RvTiuri misiis Sesrulebaze ilaparake. ar
SemiZlia davijero eg faqti. sxva ubrwyinvales msaxiobebs rom
Tavi gavaneboT, TviT ramaz CxikvaZea erTi Teatri. ras hqvia
msaxiobis pensiaze gaSveba? vin gaigona pensiaze gaSvebuli da
moxsnili poeti, msaxiobi, mxatvari, kompozitori. dideba Senda
RmerTo, didi xelovani Tavis taZarSi unda daberdes da iqidan
gamoasvenon asi wlis Semdeg. nuTu ar unda damaxsovreboda am
Teatris xelmZRvanelobas Teatridan faqtiurad mokveTili,
ugulisyurobiT Seuracxyofili erosi manjgalaZis udrood
Sewyvetili sicocxlis mware gakveTili?
mkiTxvels axsovs Cemi werilebi _ `vefxistyaosnis~ damaxinjebis Sesaxeb.
`akademikosebma~ (samwuxarod bevri maTgani cocxali aRar
aris, RmerTma SeundoT) majobes da daibeWda `vefxistyaosnis~
saocrad Seryvnili teqsti, romelSic sxva `margalitebTan~
erTad aseT `Rrmamecnierul gasworebasac~ waawydebiT: nacvlad striqonisa _ `kacs Subi vkar, cxeni davec...~ weria `kacsa
166
Sevec, cxeni davec...~ axlandel xelisuflebas, gasagebi mizezebis gamo jer `vefxistyaosnisTvis~ ara scalia. ganzraxuli
maqvs kulturis gadamrCeni komitetis winaSe davsva sakiTxi
`vefxistyaosnis~ gadarCenis Sesaxeb.
dabolos, getyviT Cems azrs Cvens demografiul problemaze saqarTvelos xvalindel dReze _ es Cemi, rogorc mwerlisa da sazogadoeba `Tvistomis~ prezidentis azria.
verc am azriT gagaxarebT, amas winaT qorwinebis saxlis
TanamSromlisagan Sevityve, rom saqarTveloSi am ukanasknel
or weliwadSi qorwinebaTa ricxvma ormocdaaTi procentiT
iklo. es katastrofaa.
Cqaroben Cveni mtrebi iaraRiT Cvens dapyrobas, Torem cota
moTmineba rom iqonion, saqme ise midis, asi wlis Semdeg demografiulad (rac yvelaze saSineli dapyrobaa) mSvidobianad dapyrobilni aRmovCndebiT. qarTvelTa gamravlebis am tempiT asi
wlis Semdeg saqarTveloSi qarTvlebi viqnebiT 37 procenti. es
imas niSnavs, rom saqarTveloSi qarTveli prezidentis arCeva
gagviWirdeba.
vici, am Temaze laparaki axla modaSi ar aris, magram roca
saqme saqarTvelos ubedurebas Seexeba, ra vqna, modas ver
avyvebi. CemTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs vin upatronebs asi wlis
Semdeg `vefxistyaosans~, an ra erovnebis xalxi icxovrebs sveticxovelis, sionis da alaverdis garSemo.
Cveni doylapiobaa da komunisturi mafiis veragobaa damnaSave imaSi, rom eTnokonfliqtebi da samamulo omi RrRnis axla
saqarTvelos erovnul sxeuls. arc erT normalur qveyanaSi ar
aris saxelmwifo saxelmwifoSi. mimixvdebiT, rasac vgulisxmob.
2 dekemberi, 1992 w.
avtexoT sagangaSo zarebis rekva
Tavidan skeptikurad vucqerodi sazogadoebaTa Seqmnas saqarTvelos eTnikuri kuTxeebis mixedviT. vfiqrobdi,
amgvari sazogadoebani kuTxuri partikularizmis saSiSroebas
Segviqmnida, magram TandaTan davrwmundi, rom bolos da bo-
167
los yoveli sazogadoebis saxelwodeba pirobiTia. mTavaria
saqme, romelsac igi akeTebs. sazogadoeba `kaxeTis~ wevri unda
iyos marto kaxeTis regionis warmomadgeneli ki ara, nebismieri moqalaqe, visac survili aqvs kaxeTisTvis sasargeblo
saqme gaakeTos. am principiT me siamovnebiT gavxdi `kaxeTis~
wevri, iseve rogorc sazogadoeba `samegrelosi~ da sazogadoeba `imereTisa~.
sxvadasxva kuTxis istoriul-geografiulma pirobebma
CvenSi ramdenadme gansxvavebuli niSan-Tviseba warmoSva. amaSia swored qarTvelis erovnuli momxibvlelobis saidumlo.
rogorc mwerali, guldasmiT vakvirdebi saerTo qarTuli xasiaTis eTnikur niuansebs, am `detalebis~ gareSe saqarTvelos
sxvadasxva kuTxis warmomadgenlebze wera gamiWirdeboda.
`kaxeli kacis~ gansakuTrebiT xazgasasmeli Tvisebebia, Cemi
azriT: sidinje, xasiaTis mdgradoba, politikisadmi naklebemociuri damokidebuleba, xalasi iumori da samSoblos gafaqizebuli grZnoba.
am ukanasknelSi vgulisxmob, erTiani, sruliad saqarTvelos globaluri problemebis gaTavisebas da kuTxur-feodaluri Tvalsazrisebis uaryofas. mogexsenebaT, sidinjem da
orTodoqsulobam gansakuTrebuli SaravandediT warmoadgina
ukanasknel wlebSi saqarTvelos es umSvenieresi kuTxe. kaxeTi
ar ahyva politikur bakqanaliebs da medroveTa ambiciebs. igi
axlac gansakuTrebuli Sromismoyvareobisa da stabilizaciis
magaliTs aZlevs saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeebs.
da mainc `dediT kaxeli~ groznoeli `qarTvelis mier~ iTqva: saqarTvelo unda daiSalos da kaxeTi calke saxelmwifod
unda Sevides `gaeroSio~.
eg azri rom ilia WavWavaZes moesmina saflavSi gadabrundeboda, saqarTvelos mTeli istoria erT muStad Sekvris, erT
Zlier saxelmwifod CamoyalibebisaTvis gauTavebeli brZola
gaxlavT da Tqven mier Tundac xumrobiT naxsenebi `Sexeduleba~ avadmyofuri gonebis nayofia _ sxva araferi. amitomac
masze seriozulad SeCereba ar Rirs.
xom faqtia, rom mters surda saqarTveloSi Sinaomis talRis
agoreba, magram ver moaxerxa. saqarTveloSi eTnokonfliqts,
eTnikur oms adgili ara aqvs. RmerTma dagvifaros Suasauku-
168
nurma SuRlma gaiRviZos saqarTveloSi. cota xans iyo (narCeni
movlenebi axlac aris) ZalauflebisaTvis mebrZoli jgufebis
da maTi momxreebis SeiaraRebuli dapirispirebani. eg iyo da
eg. movlenebs Tavisi saxeli unda davarqvaT. saqarTveloSi,
kerZod samaCablosa da afxazeTSi, mimdinareobs samamulo omi.
ucxo tomebi Semoesivnen Cvens samSoblos da mis dapyrobas
cdiloben, amis axsna qarTvel kacs ukve aRar sWirdeba.
kaxeTis regionis warmomadgenlebi sxva kuTxis SvilebTan
erTad lomiviT ibrZvian afxazeTSi. ra dasamalia da (amis Sesaxeb televiziiTac movismineT) am dros afxazeTidan ltolvili araerTi brZolisunariani vaJkaci colisa da sidedris
kalTas efareba, sastumroTa vestibiulSi aTen-aRamebs da
elodeba, rodis gauTavisufleben miwa-wyals.
samwuxarod aris aseTi SemTxvevebic. ras vizamT, yvelas
ver movTxovT mamulis dacvis niWs. laCrebi yovel epoqaSi
hyavs saqarTvelos, saerTod ki saqarTvelos ZirZveli istoriuli miwa afxazeTi iseve ekuTvnis kaxels da qarTvels, rogorc iq mcxovreb megrels. amitomac Cveni miwis yoveli mtkaveli TiToeulma qarTvelma unda daicvas.
vfiqrob, unda aRsdges mTeli saqarTvelo momxvdur afsua-rus-CeCen gadamTielTa winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad, rogorc amas SuasaukuneebSi vakeTebdiT.
saqarTvelo dRiTi dRe Zalas ikrebs da meomari saxelmwifo xdeba, rogorc iqna davZlieT yalbi iluziebi da mtrebis
gonTmosvlis amao imedi. `kbili kbilis wil~ _ omSi yvelaze
swori zneobrivi sibrZnea. rac Seexeba, aRvsdeqiT Tu ara _ afxazeTSi avtomatiT xelSi ibrZvis samocdaaTi wlis Tbilisis
meri oTar liTaniSvili, ufro mkafio magaliTi raRa iqneba.
sakiTxavia, gamoiRebs Sedegs es `ganwiruli suliskveTeba?~ davibrunebT warTmeul miwebs?
rogorc iqna, Seigno saqarTvelos xelisuflebam, rom qveyana saomar yaidaze unda gadavides da ruseTTan orWofulqveSevrdomuli ki ara, Tanaswor saxelmwifoTa politika
unda gvqondes. momwons am bolo dros gatarebuli RonisZiebani armiis Seqmna-ganmtkicebisa da Tavdacvis fondis Seqmnis
mimarTulebiT. oRond aTasjer gavimeoreb, Cven marto Cveni
ZalebiT ver movereviT mozRvavebul ubedurebas. xom xedavT,
169
ruseTi aSkarad gvebrZvis. xelSekrulebiTac gvikravs xelfexs da, Tu afxazeTis omSi gavimarjvebT, Turq-mesxTa legionebs Semogvisevs.
aRar yofila saSveli da egaa, ikiTxavs mkiTxveli.
aris, rogor ar aris. Cveni xsna mxolod dasavleTs SeuZlia. Cvens Tvalwin istoriuli saSinelebani xdeba. naxeT,
ra dReSi Cavarda somali. ager Cvens Tvalwin istoriis qvabSi CainTqa-CaixarSa bosnia. Cvenc igive mogvelis Cveni ukuRmarTi bedisa da saSiSi geografiuli mdgomareobis gamo,
Tu Wkua ar vixmareT, dauyovnebliv unda avtexoT `SOS~-is
sirenaTa kivili da sagangaSo zarebis rekva _ vuxmoT saqarTveloSi `gaerosa~ da `natos~ jarebs! eg aris erTaderTi
gamosavali.
4 dekemberi, 1992 w.
omi mamulis dasacavad
me ufleba ara maqvs Cveni kinematografiT kmayofili an
ukmayofilo viyo, radgan ara maqvs sruli informacia, Tu
ras akeTebs igi amJamad. gazeTebSi sistematurad ibeWdeba ama
Tu im filmma ama da am festivalze gaimarjva, an am msaxiobs
saukeTeso rolis SesrulebisaTvis pirveli prizi miekuTvnao,
magram, rogorc wesi, farTo mayurebels swored gamarjvebul
filmebs iSviaTze iSviaTad uCvenebdnen, xolo kinoTeatrebis
erTi nawili Cveni `uJamo Jamis~ gamo daketil-dadumebulia.
aseve ver vxedavT dokumentur filmebs, romlebic Cveni axlo
warsulis Sesaxeb unda mogviTxrobdnen.
komunisturi reJimis dros aseTi dauwereli kanoni moqmedebda: Tu msaxiobi an reJisori msjavrdadebuli an oficialuri xelisuflebisagan Serisxuli iyo, mis saxes ekranze
ar aWaWanebdnen, am mizeziT ramdeni filmi amoagdes qarTuli
kinoxelovnebis istoriidan. axlac igive inercia xom ar moqmedebs? miuxedavad imisa, esiamovneba Tu ara zogierTs Tavisi
politikuri oponentebis danaxva, unda vqmnideT dokumentur filmebs da xSirad unda vuCvenebdeT mayurebels, magram
170
ras uCveneb, rac ara gaqvs. ratom ar iqmneba filmebi Cvens
erovnul tragediebze? ratom aravin iTava srulmetraJiani
filmebis gadaReba 9 aprilis, 2 seqtembris, dekember-ianvris
tragediebze? ratom ara gvaqvs filmebi afsua da os separatistebze, raTa msofliom dainaxos maTi Savbneli saxe? xom
faqtia, rom Cveni mtrebi mSvenivrad axerxeben Cvenze yalbi
kinodokumentebis SeTiTxnas, Cven ki namdvilic ver migviwvdenia farTo mayureblisTvis Sin da gareT. sad gaqra Tundac
is pawawkintela kadrebi 5 qarTvelis cocxlad dawva da 6
qarTvelis cocxlad damarxvaze rom metyvelebdnen? gimtkicoT, axla me Tqven rom vizualur dokuments, Tundac ostaturad naTqvams, rom cariel sityvaze aTasjer meti SemecnebiTi Rirebuleba aqvs?
or Tveze metia, mtrebs gagra-leseliZe-ganTiadi dapyrobili aqvs da nuTu erTi kadric ver movipoveT imis
gamomxatveli, Tu rogor daepatronen gadamTielni qarTul
qalaq-dabebs, rogor wvaven qarTvelTa saxlebs, rogor cxovroben wviTa da dagviT morTul-mowyobil qarTvelTa binebSi,
rogor daicala qarTvelebisagan afxazeTis mniSvnelovani
nawili. bolos da bolos Cven Tu ver vriskavT inkognitod
Sesvlas, rus an ucxoel korespondents davainteresebdi da
gadavaRebinebdi. xom faqtia, rom dRemde mitacebuli gagris
arc erTi kadri ar gviCvenebia mayureblisTvis?
iqmneba, rogor ar iqmneba dokumenturi filmebi, magram
sakiTxavia, ratom ver aRwevs Cvenamde? Cemi saqme rom iyos,
siamovnebiT vuCvenebdi dResac mayurebels gamsaxurdiasdroindel mitingebs, raTa droiTi distanciis Semdeg eris erTma
nawilma Tavisi saxe dainaxos da gaisigrZeganos, ra yalbma
Teatralobam da nacionalurma fsiqozma moicva igi swored
rom axlo warsulSi.
unda gavimeoro Cemi tradiciuli saTxovari, rasac jiutad
gaviZaxi aTi welia da aseve jiutad rCeba uyuradRebod. Cveni
kinematografis danaSaulad mimaCnia, rom galaktioni da konstantine gamsaxurdia sicocxleSi jerovnad ar gadagviRia.
axlac igive meordeba eris gamoCenil SvilTa mimarT. ratom
ar iqmneba dokumenturi filmebi ana kalandaZeze, SoTa niSnianiZeze, murman lebaniZeze, moris focxiSvilze... xelovnebisa
171
da mecnierebis sxva ukvdav warmomadgenlebze rom aRaraferi
vTqvaT? RmerTma kargad amyofoT da maincdamainc am qveynidan maTs wasvlas unda davelodoT? sanam unda boginobdes
CvenSi Sinauri mRvdlis arSendobis TavismomWreli tradicia?
rac Seexeba mxatvrul kinos, me quds vixdi mis winaSe; Cveni
mxatvruli filmis WeSmaritma profesionalizmma araerTgzis
momgvara ganuzomeli siamovneba da siamaye. vici, kinostudiis
darbazebsa da saamqroebSi, miuxedavad mZime droisa, ibadeba
axali qarTuli filmebi, magram usaxsrobiT saxemoRrublul,
sponsoris ZebniT araqaTgamoclil araerT niWier reJisorsac
vxvdebi xolme. isini ar wuwuneben _ filmis SeqmnisaTvis biujetia gankuTvnili. is mcireodeni Tanxa ratomRac mxolod
saxelganTqmul, elitarul reJisorebze nawildebao. RmerTma
nu qnas, ase iyos, saerTod ki kinematografsac rom mZime ekonomikuri dReebi udgas, Cemze ukeT mogexsenebaT.
b-ma valerian kvaWaZem gadaiRo Cemi novelebis mixedviT arc
Tu urigo filmi `asec xdeba~. filmi, Cemda gasaocrad, rusul
enaze Seiqmna. sami welia, amaod velodebiT, mis qarTul variants. amasobaSi oTxjer uCvenes igi ruseTis (maSin sakavSiro)
televiziiT. raSia saqme, ver gamigia. moklemetraJian filmebs
vumadli geno CiraZes da ilia CaCaniZes. eg aris da eg.
am ramdenime wlis winaT SoTa niSnianiZem `literaturul
saqarTveloSi~ dawera _ `ver amixsnia Cveni kinostudiis uyuradReboba r. miSvelaZis novelebis mimarT. bevri maTgani
gamzadebuli kinoscenariao~. TiTqos ewyinaT, amis Semdeg arc
erTi reJisori saTofeze ar gamkarebia.
nuTu arasodes dabrundeba xalisiT da JriamuliT, mogugune TeatrebiTa da savse kinodarbazebiT mfeTqavi xelovnebis meqa _ Tbilisi?
amaswinaT saRamos eqvs saaTze marto SevrCi vaJa-fSavelas
prospeqtis dasawyiss. SabaTi gaxldaT, quCaSi kacis WaWaneba
ar iyo. qalaqi mitovebuls damsgavseboda. Camqrali lampionebi saxrCobelis boZebiviT idgnen. ukuneTSi ori saaTi vucade
transports; bolos fexiT avuyevi gzas. im Rames kidev ufro
cxadad SevigrZeni Cveni sinamdvilis mTeli sisastike.
saqarTvelos Tavisi istoriis mTels manZilze erT-erTi
umZimesi periodi udgas. Cven yofna-aryofnis bewvis xidze
gavdivarT. samamulo omSi varT Cabmuli aSkara da faruli
172
mtrebis winaaRmdeg. saqarTveloSi axla yvelaferi omis mkacr
kanonebs unda daemorCilos. gazeTebi, radio-televizia
mTlianad unda emsaxurebodes mamulis dacvis erovnuli protestis, bedisadmi daumorCileblobis ganwyobilebis gamoxatvas. samwuxarod, meomari qveynis sulieri atmosferos Seqmnas
jerjerobiT ver vaxerxebT. `etyoba, arc ise cudadaa saqme,
Torem amdeni cekva-TamaSi ar iqnebao~, ityvis saomrad gamzadebuli kaci, `jerjerobiT uCemodac iolad gavleno~, daaskvnis da Tofs buxarTan miayudebs. es rom ar moxdes, saWiroa
maqsimalurad SevkvecoT gasarTobi programebi, saaTobiT
unda gadavcemdeT saomar epizodebs, vuCvenebdeT mtris mzakvrul saxes, aRvanTebdeT meomrebs TavganwirvisaTvis.
omi mamulis dasacavad mTeli qveynis sasicocxlo saqmed
unda iqces.
7 ianvari, 1993 w.
vai, ra mwared vtyuvdebiT!
dRes, roca saqarTveloSi umTavresi politikuri problema `ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTmegobrobis didi xelSekrulebis~ dadeba da masTan dakavSirebuli kamaTi gaxlavT,
ufleba ara maqvs Cemi damokidebuleba sajarod ar gamovTqva
am sakiTxze. am survils ori mizezi ganapirobebs: jer erTi,
msurs Cemi rCeviT davexmaro xelisufalT da, Tu es rCevac
arSesmenis kedels Seaskdeba, sityva mainc davtovo jiut faqtad, rom saqarTveloSi, Tavisuflebis meored gansyidvis wina
dReebSi, georgievskis `samegobro xelSekrulebidan~ ramdenime wlisTavze, yvela kalmosani erTnairad ar fiqrobda.
visTan vdebT samegobro xelSekrulebas? ruseTTan,
romelmac mefoba (e. i. saxelmwifoebrioba) gagviuqma da orasi
welia dapyrobili vyavarT?
samegobro xelSekrulebis gareSec mSvenivrad dgas rusis jari, ori saukunea, saqarTveloSi. xolo rogor dagvicva
rusma momxvdurTagan, totlebenis `epopeidan~ afsua-CeCen
gadamTielTa TareSamde, lamis gadrekil, iarebiT daseril
qedze gvetyoba.
173
russ am `sxva droSi~ mxolod da mxolod saerTaSoriso
diplomatiuri wreebisTvis sWirdeba es xelSekruleba, Cvens
teritoriaze samarTlebrivi safuZvlis gareSe mdgomi misi
jaris yofna rom gaamarTlos, Torem, Cveni siyvaruliT guli
ar ufeTqavs.
Cven aneqsirebuli, dapyrobili qveyana dampyrobelTan
samegobro xelSekrulebas vdebT?
amiT, xom, sabolood, Cveni xeliTve vSliT damoukideblobis biliks da keTilmosurne dasavleTel megoberbsac
xelebs vuborkavT.
nuTu, ver vxvdebiT, rom yvela rusuli provokacia, am or
weliwadSi Cvens Tavze damtydari: samaCablos da afxazeTis
warTmevis cda, ekonomikuri blokada... iqiTken iyo mimarTuli rom, bolos da bolos, darcxvenilebs da damarcxebulebs,
Tavi CagveRuna, Sens iqiT gza ara gvaqvso, gveRaRada da isev
ruseTs mivbrunebodiT, `did, samegobro xelSekrulebaze~
xeli mogvewera?
Tvalze librs nu gadagvakraven gardamaval epoqaze oportunistuli saubriT, nurc germanias dagvisaxeleben magaliTad, rusis jaris gayvanaze rom CamovagdebT sityvas. germania
rusis jars saxlebs imitom uSenebs, rom TviTonve daungria
da mTeli aRmosavleT evropa nacartutad aqcia. Cven ki rao,
dampyrobel, damRupvel rusis jars mis samSobloSi qarvaslebi xom ar avuSenoT?
yoveli saqme xom SedegiT izomeba? nuTu marTla sjera
zogierT `Seumcdar politikoss~, rom mowyale ruseTi didi
xelSekrulebis meore dResve gadagviwyvets samaCablos da afxazeTis problemebs? yurs auwevs mis umaRles palatebSi wina da
ukana karebidan wamdauwum saeWvod gamsvlel-gamomsvlel arZinba-aCba-kulumbegovebs da gakicxavs _ Tqveni xma ar gavigono,
dReidan qarTvelebis mxare miWiravso? mogvixsnis ekonomikur
blokadas da ayvaveba-aRorZinebis onkans gagvixsnis?
vai, ra mwared vtyuvdebiT! amis Tqmis sabuTs maZlevs avadsaxsenebeli dagomisi da 3 seqtembris xelSekrulebani, riTac
rusma, marTlac, xelebi Segvikra. Cveni urTierToba imperiul
ruseTTan xom guSinac igav-arakis mglisa da kravis urTierTobas waagavda da dResac waagavs!
rusi ar iyo, sabWoTa Zmuri ojaxis sruluflebian wevrebs,
174
disertaciebs da kinoscenarebs moskovSi rom gvamtkicebinebda? rusi ar iyo, qarTuli gamomcemlobis gegmebs gamadidebeli SuSiT rom uWvretda da qarTveli alpinistis mier dapyrobil mwvervalebsac TviTonve urtyamda beWeds?
rusi ar iyo, qarTul skolebs rom gvauqmebinebda, TaTbirbiuroebs rusul enaze gvatarebinebda da Cveni dapyrobis iubileebsac gvazeimebda?
mogvawerinebs xels kabalur xelSekrulebaze, aafarebs
msoflios Tvalze CvenTvis samarcxvino am xelSekrulebas da
gaagrZelebs Zvelebur, CvenTvis nacnob `gaTiSe da ibatones~
politikas.
sanam gvian ar aris, cecxls nu veTamaSebiT, batonebo!
moveSvaT xalxisgan dafaruli am samarcxvino xelSekrulebis
raundebs _ araviTari `samegobro xelSekruleba~! Tu maincdamainc, davdoT ruseTTan iseTive savaWro-ekonomikuri garigebani, rogoric TurqeTTan, iranTan, somxeTTan, azerbaijanTan, koreasTan davdeT.
ai, Turme ras iTvaliswinebs ruseTTan adre da male dasadebi `samegobro xelSekrulebis proeqti: mxareebi xels Seuwyoben regionuli konfliqtebis mogvarebas da am mizniT,
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mimarTaven erTobliv moqmedebas...
mxareebi cnoben erTmaneTis uflebas, daicvan TavianTi moqalaqeebis uflebebi erTmaneTis teritoriaze... mxareebi xels
Seuwyoben sawarmoTa arsebuli specializaciis SenarCunebas,
agreTve, Tavisufal da SeuzRudav tranzits Tavis teritoriaze~... (saagento `iberia~).
`amgvari muxlebiT~ damSvenebuli proeqti Tu damtkicda,
saqarTvelo ara marto ruseTis gavlenis sferod, garkveulwilad, ruseTis teritoriad rCeba.
Cvens Taobas didi misia arguna bedma. saqarTvelo Tavisuflebis WiSkarTan dgas. nu viCqarebT. situacia yoveldRe
icvleba; gaeros jarebis Semoyvana guSin rom warmoudgeneli
gvegona, dRes sxva Tu araferi, ganxilvis sagnad mainc iqca
uSiSroebis sabWoSi da aravis Seucxadebia, es SeuZlebeliao!
maS, nu gadavdgamT windauxedav nabijs.
nu SevibamT kiserze kvlav rusis apeurs, nu davugdebT
Cvens Tavs wyevla-krulvisTvis STamomavlobas.
8 Tebervali, 1993 w.
175
erTmaneTisaken morcxvad gavapareT Tvali
axlaxan filarmoniaSi erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis sagangebo konferencia Catarda.
oratorTa Soris ar SeminiSnavs arc erTi kaci saqarTvelos mdgomareobaze Wirisuflis, gulSematkivris poziciidan rom ar elaparaka. araviTari mowodebani, araviTari paTetika, rom ityvian, `dabal tonSi~ kamaTobdnen da krizisidan
gamosavals eZebdnen: _ Cveni Sekrebis mizani 21 wlis konstituciis egidiT saqarTvelos gaerTianebaa. aravis movuwodebT
quCis RonisZiebebisken, es damRupveli iqneboda dRes. saqarTvelo verc damxobili prezidentis dabrunebiT gamTliandeba
da verc esqprezidentis momxreTa ignorirebiT, saqarTvelo
jansaRma azrma da damoukideblobisaken swrafvam unda gaaerTianoso, _ irakli wereTelma Tqva.
me vfiqrob, konferenciam didi saqme gaakeTa. Tundac is
rad Rirs, rom xuTi saaTis ganmavlobaSi erTmaneTis gverdiT
visxediT, sul raRac, erTi wlis winaT barikadebis sxvadasxva
mxares, sxvadasxva mitingebze mdgomni da erTmaneTs mSvidad
vesaubrebodiT.
yumbara rom afeTqda, adgilidan arc wamovweulvarT.
iciT, TiTqosda velodi kidec, rom raRac unda momxdariyo
da Sinaganad momzadebuli Sevxvdi. irakli wereTlis daZaxils: `provokaciaa! ar ahyveT! ar ahyveTo~, yvelani gagebiT
Sexvdnen. is aTiode kacic, gasasvlels vinc miawyda, ukan mobrunda. batonma nodar naTaZem sityva ise mSvidad ganagrZo,
TiTqos araferi momxdariyos.
konferenciaze inguSi stumaric gamovida.
kotikovi gaxldaT, Tu ar vcdebi; Crdilokavkasieli mezoblebi saqarTvelos imedis TvaliT SevyurebTo. iseTi grZnoba gvaqvs, Tu gaTavisufldeba imperiis klanWebidan saqarTvelo, Cvenc gavTavisufldebiTo. rusebma axlaxan inguSTa 18
sofels gadauares da miwasTan gaasworeso. mTelma kavkasiam
saerTo nebiT unda gaaZevos rusis jari, rogorc ki amas mivaRwevT, mTels kavkasiaSi simSvide daisadgurebso. RvTisa da
erTmaneTis anabara davrCebiT, rogorc viyaviT, sanam ruseTi
dagvipyrobdao.
saTaTbiroze, jerjerobiT, mxolod is vici, rac filar-
moniaSi vixile da movismine. ara mgonia, damRupveli iyos
xelisuflebisaTvis, Tu saTabiros saxiT fxizeli da Wkviani
mrCeveli gauCndeba. usafuZvlo iyo zogi Cveni `SorsmWvreteli~ politikosis SiSi. amaod dahkres buksa da naRaras. lamis erTi kviraa sainformacio saSualebebma mouxSires gadakvriT (`kokav, Sen geubnebian~...) saubrebs imis Sesaxeb,
Tu rogor daiWires somxeTSi da sxvagan demonstrantebi.
atyda zogi SenaerTis soxumidan gamowveva profilaqtikis
mizniT da SemoqmedebiT kavSirTa wevrebis dabarebac _ ariqa,
gviSveleT, moiyvaneT gons opozicionerebi. ra dros opozicionerobaa, qveyana ingrevao. qveyana rom ingreva da iRupeba,
swored maSinaa saWiro opozicioneroba da ara yvelaferze
Tavis kanturi: Sen ifiqre Cvens nacvlad, mogyvebiT, rogorc
cxvrebio.
diax, amaod SekrTnen xelisufalni, verc zogma `sazogado
moRvawem~ gamoiCina Tavi SfoTiani gamosvliT _ rasac gaqceuli xelisuflebis damqaSebs ukiJinebda, TviTonac igive
gaimeora; SiSs didi Tvalebi hqonia _ axali opozicia, konferenciis iniciatorebi eris moRalateebad gamovacxadoTo,
RuRunebda mavani... guSindel darbazSi ki isxdnen amJamindeli xelisuflebis momxrenic, opozicionerebic, `zviadistebic~, oportunistebic da aravis mouwodebia, avdgeT axla da
rusTavelis prospeqtis darCenili nawili davangrioTo. arc
SevardnaZis gadadgoma mouTxovia vinmes da arc paralmentisadmi undoblobis gamocxadeba.
amas winaT Cemma statiam `vai, ra mwared vtyuvdebiT~
(8.11.93) azrTa sxvadasxvaoba gamoiwvia. Tqven kategoriuli
winaaRmdegi xarT ruseT-saqarTvelos xelSekrulebisao? mekiTxebian.
me mgonia, im statiaSi bundovnad araferi miTqvams. samecniero-savaWro-ekonomikuri xelSekruleba ruseTTan, iseTive
rogoric TurqeTTan, iranTan, azerbaijanTan davdeT, usaTuod unda daidos. arc meti arc naklebi. iranTan dadebul
xelSekrulebaSi ar weria eTnokonfliqtebi gaerTianebuli ZaliT CavaqroT, an neba mieces orive mxares erTmaneTis teritoriaze TavianTi erovnebis moqalaqeebis uflebebi daicvano.
nu movatyuebT saqarTvelos! sisxlisgan daclili qarTveli
xalxi araa imis Rirsi, rom kvlav rusis monobaSi SevabrunoT.
176
12. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
177
axla, roca Cven vsaubrobT, molaparakebis `raundebi~ jer ar
damTavrebula, xolo ruseTi qarTul poziciebs bombavs afxazeTSi. xelSekrulebis dadebis mere raRa xeirs dagvayris, ramdenjer SeiZleba bolos da bolos, movtyuvdeT? _ `dagomisiT~
mogvaRores, `3 seqtembriT~ mogvaRores, afxazeTidan (sruliad
saqarTveloze aras vambob) jaris gayvanas ar apireben... nuras
ukacravad, me ver davdgebi zogierTi politikuri mamlayinwas
poziciaze, romelic gafuWebuli gramofoniviT gaiZaxis: viciT, rom ruseTi am xelSekrulebas ar Seasrulebs, magram roca
mesamed dagvipyroben, politikurad marTali viqnebiTo. aRar
unda moveSvaT am politikur artistizms? SimSiliT mokluli
molasa da flavis araki xom gagigoniaT...
ra uraoptimistebic ar unda viyoT, sulerTia, mze CrdiloeTidan arc arasodes amosula da arc amova. kars ukan, xalxisgan
dafarulad politikurma molaparakebebma sasurveli Sedegi
ver gamoiRo. xelSekrulebis mesame `raundis~ damagvirgvinebeli akordi is iyo, rom aRtacebuli saxeebiT gamoacxades, _
SevTanxmdiT, ruseTi eSeradan uaxloes dReebSi gaitans laboratoriaso. gaitana? ramden dRes gulisxmobs mainc, uaxloesi
dReebi? Cveni xelisufalni an cru iluziebiT Tavs ityueben,
an Cven gvatyueben. Camovida Saxrai, Tavze xeli gadagvisva, Cemi
interviu `nezavisimaia gazetam~ daamaxinjao. davujereT, gadavkocneT, daxurul kars miRma velaparakeT. Sedegi? dagvibruna rusma warTmeuli samaCablo? gaiyvana jari afxazeTidan?
da mainc, konferenciaze ra iTqva iseTi, rac parlamentze
ar SeiZleboda Tqmuliyo an momxdariyo?
CemTvis sasiamovno iyo imis gageba, rom ukanaskneli wlebis
politikuri bataliebis mkacr gakveTilebs Sedegi mohyolia.
erTmaneTis mosmenis da atanis unari SegviZenia. gansxvavebuli
politikuri Sexedulebebis xalxi mglebiviT ar vucqerodiT
erTmaneTs, parlamentSi arada ar moxdeboda, rac iq moxda;
TiTqos mRvimeebidan gamovida datuqsuli, xmawarTmeuli
(yvela Tavisma simarTlem gaamarTlos) Cveni araerTi saerTo
nacnobi da filarmoniis sruluflebiani monawile. Cven TavCaqindrulebma erTmaneTisken nel-nela gavapareT Tvali da
momeCvena, rom erTmaneTisa, cota ar iyos Segvrcxva...
es ukve kargis niSania.
22 Tebervali, 1993 w.
178
rusis axal apeurs nu SevibamT kiserze!..
dRes politikosebi saqarTvelos beds wyveten. amitomac
politika, CemTvis rogorc mwerlisTvis, sisxlxorceul problemad iqca. am bolo dros Cems werilebsa da interviuebSi ki
ara, novelebSic Semovida politika, bunebrivic aris. saqarTvelos gadarCena Cveni upirvelesi sazrunavia da xandaxan kalami ar momibrundeba romantikuli, ganyenebuli novelebi vwero.
me xelisuflebas (da parlamentsac) ise didad ar vafaseb,
rom misi kritika Cems mTavar saqmed vaqcio. gamsaxurdias
mourideblad movaxsene, rac ar momwonda mis, rogorc prezidentis, qcevaSi. axlandel xelisuflebasac reveransis gareSe vauwye, rom bevrs rameSi mis kompromisul politikas ar
veTanxmebi (`Tbilisi~ _ 27.12.92).
ar geSiniaT? mekiTxebian.
visi?! gana eris bednieri momavlisaTvis Tundac erTi sasageb­
lo rCevis micema CemisTana kacis sicocxleze Zviri ar aris?
ra azris var SevardnaZisaTvis studenturi sazogadoebis
mier miweril werilze?
rogor SeafasebdiT saxelmwifos meTauris sabWoso, xSirad mekiTxebian.
saxelwodebidanve mcdaria. SeiZleba `saxelmwifo sabWo~
erqvas, an `mrCevelTa sabWo~. `saxelmwifos meTauris sabWo~
ra dozanaa! arakonstituciuri, araparlamenturi sabWo axali
politbiuros nostalgiiT Seqmnili. am sabWos Semadgenlobis
titulebmac gamaoca. `sazogado moRvawis~ tituls Zalian iolad xom ar varigebT.
RmerTma qnas, sasargeblo aRmoCndes meTauris sabWos
saqmianoba. me sakamaTo mxolod misi Seqmnis konstituciuroba da zogierTi wevris mimarT indulgenciasaviT gacemuli
maRali titulebi mimaCnia.
saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi warmoSobil konfliqts
waSlis da dapirispirebulT gaaerTianebs saerTo bedis warmodgena. saSiSroeba axlandel xelisuflebas ufro metad im
mxridan emuqreba, saidanac ar elis _ studentoba da ubralo,
damSeuli, politikis miRma mdgomi xalxi aiRebs joxs xelSi
da garekavs enad gakrefil parlaments, Tu uaxloes eqvs Tve-
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Si ar moxda sasikeTo cvlilebebi politikasa da ekonomikaSi.
saerTod ki, kitovanis gaRizianeba zviadis drosac da axlac
misi brali sruliadac ar aris.
CemTvis arsebobs kaci, profesionali da naklebad mainteresebs misi politikuri warsuli. rao, raki partiuli funqcioneri iyo pirovneba, aRar imuSaos arsad, gadavagdoT,
aRar gvWirdeba? gana cotas gvedo guSin kompartiis mandati?
modiT, nu daviwyebT sxvis biografiaSi xelis faTurs,
yvelam Tavis sulSi Caixedos da saxarebisa ar iyos, vinc ara
scoda, pirvelma man esrolos qva. ucodvel kravadac Tavs
nuravin warmoidgens. siymawvilis Secdomebi Tu gavuxseneT
erTmaneTs, xelSi aRaravin SegvrCeba. sxvaTa Soris, me minaxavs
jabas piesebis mixedviT dadgmuli SesaniSnavi patriotuli
speqtaklebi, wamikiTxavs misi romani, moTxrobebi da ena ar
momibrundeba im striqonebis damwer kacze augis saTqmelad.
isic gaixseneT, rom am ori Tvis manZilze CvenSi gamarTul
Tanamdebobebis maraTons ioseliani ganerida, maRal skamze
uari Tqva, avtomati aiRo xelSi da 67 wlis kacma tyvias Subli SeuSvira. enis tartari yvelam kargad viciT, magram samSoblos dacva yvelas ar SegviZlia.
aravin aris im masStabis politikosi, rom ar cdebodes.
Secdoma iyo dagomisis xelSekruleba. Cven, qarTvelebi, vebrZodiT russ da oss samaCablos gamosaxsnelad. SeiZleboda
samSvidobo Zalebi isev rusebTan da osebTan, dainteresebul
mxareTa Soris gveZebna? samSvidobo Zala unda yofiliyo meoTxe: germaneli, amerikeli, frangi... aseve diplomatiuri marcxi iyo 3 seqtembris xelSekruleba. rogorc Cans, Cvenma diplomatebma kargad ver gaicnes rusuli mzakvruli politika.
ar SeiZleba rusebi briyvebad migvaCndes. rogorc gairkva,
piriqiT, maT SeZles Cveni gabriyveba.
Cven Soris darCes da, zviadistebis `ololos~ bevr punqtSi
safuZvelic aqvs. ra gaakeTeT _ gvekiTxebian isini. samaCablo
dakargeT, afxazeTi dakargeT, qveyana daamSieT, banditizmi
aayvaveT. ase patronobT qveyanas? davidoT gulze xeli da
vTqvaT: ar arian zog rameSi marTlebi? arian. magram erTi
wamiTac ver movuwodeb zviadistebs groznoeli prezidentis
dabrunebisaTvis iaraRiT brZolas. RmerTma dagvifaros axali Sinauri xaTqaxuTqisagan.
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politikosebi `opozicioner~ JurnalistebTan Sexvedras
da kamaTs rom gaurbian, CemTvis gaugebaria.
me, piradad, erTi qarTveli mwerali, arc erT auditoriaSi arc erT kamaTs ar gavurbivar, miuxedavad imisa, rom
Cveni oponentebis mxridan kamaTi yovelTvis rodi rCeba
miRebuli zomier CarCoebSi. amas winaT erTma qalbatonma
SemaCera quCaSi. Zalian momwons Tqveni novelebi, magram
Tqvens politikur Sexedulebaze amas ver vityvio. kerZod,
ra ar mogewonaT-meTqi, qalbatono, Tu waikiTxeT esa da es,
anu Tu moismineT Cemi radio-telegamosvlebi-meTqi. miTxra,
ra Seuracxyofas mayenebT, amaTsas me arc radio-televizias vusmen da arc gazeTs vkiTxulobo. raze unda gvekamaTa,
miTxariT erTi. am dros meore mandilosani mogviaxlovda _
nu eCxubebi, ciala, am bolo dros batoni rezo daWkvianda,
Cvensken gadmoixarao. axla im qalbatons mivubrundi: me aravisken ar vixrebi (politikur daxras vgulisxmobdi), me Cemi
saxeli da gvari maqvs da Cemi SexedulebebiT davdivar-meTqi
am qveynad. miT uaresi TqvenTviso, damigdes es ori sityva
da wavidnen. saerTod, nuravis samsaxurs nuravin maiZulebs
da sxvasac amas vurCev, kacis kacad yofna damamcirebelia
pirovnebisaTvis. politika, sxvaTa Soris, skamisaTvis brZolac aris da sxvisi skamis gammagreblad verasodes gamovdgebi. adamiani Tavis ers, Tavis qveyanas unda emsaxuros da Tavis sindisTan pirnaTeli iyos.
jerjerobiT yvelaferi iqiTken midis, rom afxazeTSic
ganmeordes (TavdacviTi pozicia, gagris datoveba, tyvarCelis operaciis CaSla...) samaCablos varianti. droa, ZlierTa
ama qveynisaTa Tavi gaanebon oficris coliviT macdur Rimils imperiis damqaSebis mimarT.
arsebobs erTaderTi gza _ dasavleTis Careva. Tu `gaero~ da
`nato~ ar Cagveria, Cven praqtikulad orive frontze davmarcxdebiT, axla rodi vibrZviT, mxolod Tavs vicavT, ufro sworad,
dro gagvyavs, Cveni Svilebi ki iRupebian. rusma bevrjer gviRalata, rusis imedze yofna aras gvargebs. CrdiloeT kavkasiel
mezoblebTanac keTili urTierToba unda davamyaroT.
rogoria Cemi pozicia saqarTvelos momavali administraciuli mowyobis mimarT?
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saqarTveloSi mxolod kulturuli avtonomiebi unda
darCes. politikuri avtonomiebi unda gauqmdes. ar SeiZleba
saxelmwifo saxelmwifoSi.
rac Seexeba sabazro ekonomikas, sabazro ekonomika spekulaciis aRorZineba ar aris. Cemi fiqriT, sxvaTa Soris,
ekonomikur reformebze sworad msjelobs roman gociriZe,
magram, samwuxarod, bevri diletanti, saqmeSi Cauxedavi `oponenti~ hyavs.
saerTod, ruseTTan damokidebulebaSi Cemi pozicia aseTia: ruseTTan unda davdoT zustad iseTive xelSekrulebani,
rogoric TurqeTTan, iranTan da nebismier sazRvargareTis
qveyanasTan.
Tu ruseTs gavurigdebiT eTnokonfliqtebis gaerTianebuli ZalebiT CaqrobaSi an erTmaneTis teritoriaze erTmaneTis
moqalaqeTa uflebebis dacvaSi, es imas niSnavs, rom Cven rusis
monad vrCebiT. sisxlisgan daclil saqarTvelos rusis axal
apeurs nu SevabamT kiserze!
rac SeiZleba droze unda gavemijnoT maneTis zonas. ori
welia gvesmis, erovnul fuls vbeWdavTo, Sedegi ki ar Cans.
sxvaTa Soris, erTma ekonomistma_finansistma isic miTxra,
SeiZleba molaparakeba dasavleTTan, raTa droebiT dolaric SemoviRoT saqarTvelos finansur wrebrunvaSio. nu davutovebT ruseTs xelSi Cveni saxrCobelis Toks, raTa roca
moegunebeba, wagviWiros.
dReebi garbis, oms ki dasasruli ar uCans...
ise var gulgatexili da dabneul-damuxtuli, Tqven warmoidgineT, isic ki maRizianebs, diliT radioSi rom gamoacxadeben _ `wuxandelma Ramem afxazeTSi mSvidad Caiarao~.
ranairad SeiZleboda Rames mSvidad Caevlo Cvens pirobebSi.
aba, hkiTxeT sastumroTa vestibiulebSi mjdom, lodiniT
daRlil ltolvilebs, aba, hkiTxeT, muxlamde wyalSi mdgom,
avtomatCaxutebul mebrZolebs, Tvali rom ar mouxuWavT da
yovel wams elodebian momxdurTa ieriSebs. hkiTxeT da mixvdebiT, Ramem mSvidobianad Caiara Tu ara...
drois gayvanis politika, rac am bolo dros afxazeTis sakiTxSi Cveni moqmedebis mTavar mimarTulebad iqca,
182
damRupvelia saqarTvelosaTvis. am umoqmedobas, stresebs,
yoveldRiur daZabulobasa da Tavdasxmis molodinSi nel cecxlze wvas eris nervebi ver gauZlebs.
aprili, 1993 w.
`SevardnaZe... damsaxurebul pensiaze~
elcin-SevardnaZis 14 maisis Sexvedras monawileTa umetesoba, qarTuli diplomatiis miRwevad Tvlis. me ki, piradad,
Cems azrs mogaxsenebT: Sexvedris SedegebSi Cveni politikis morigi damarcxeba amovikiTxe. komunikeSi pirdapir aris
miTiTebuli mZime teqnikisa da artileriis gamoyvanaze konfliqtis zonidan. RmerTma qnas vcdebode, magram es iqneba
soxumis dakargvis dasawyisi. soxums icavs mZime teqnika, artileria da nawilobriv Cveni gaubedurebuli aviacia. Tu am
sam Zalas gamoTiSav, Cagibarebia mtrisaTvis soxumi da eg aris.
politikosTa saqcielsa da gadawyvetilebebs aTasi wyalqveSa da wyalzeda dinebebi ganapirobebs. Seumcdari politikosi
jer ar dabadebula. samwuxarod, Cvenma `Seumcdarma politikosebma~ TviTonve aRiares rom 3 seqtembris xelSekrulebiT
rusebma CixSi mogvamwyvdies da gagra, leseliZe, ganTiadi dagvakargvines. ra garantia maqvs, rom elcinTan am morigi triumfaluri SexvedriT soxums ar davkargavT? rogor SeiZleboda
erT sibrtyeze dagveyenebina ruseTisa da saqarTvelos mZime
teqnikisa da artileriis gayvana konfliqtis zonidan. saqarTvelo Tavis saxlSia da Tavis miwas icavs, rusi meubneba: mec
gaviyvan mZime teqnikas da Senc gaiyvaneo. es xom morigi fandi
da maxea, raTa saqarTvelos erTxel da samudamod wahglijon
Tavisi istoriuli miwa _ afxazeTi.
ra pasuxs vaZlevT Cven amiT qarTul SenaerTebs sisxli
rom Caaqcies soxumis dasacavad. ra pasuxs vaZlevT generlis
wodebaminiWebul Tavdadebul kacs Tamaz nadareiSvils da mis
saxelovan TanamebrZolebs, es aris afxazeTis problemis mSvidobiani gadawyveta?
me megona moskovSi laparaki iqneboda gagris, leseliZisa da
183
ganTiadis dabrunebaze. problemis Cvens sasargeblod gadaWrad CavTvlidi, Tu qarTvelTa sasazRvro jari dabrundeboda da leseliZeSi dadgeboda ruseTTan saxelmwifo sazRvris
dasacavad. rogorc Cans, Cven gagra samudamod gagviwiravs,
SevguebivarT qarTvelTa genocids afxazeTSi. axla soxumis
problemas `vagvarebT~ da male `vizeimebT~ daaxloebiT iseT
gamarjvebas, rogorc dagomisis xelSekrulebiT samaCablos
dakargviT miviReT.
20 maiss Camovao, rogorc acxadeben, gaeros misia soxumSi. ra
vuTxraT rom davxvdebiT? madlobeli varT, rom CamobrZandiT,
magram Cven ukve gadavwyviteT es problema ruseTis daxmarebiTo? xom gvkiTxaven, Tqve kai xalxo, Tu isev ruseTTan garbodiT da afxazeTis problemis gadawyvetis gasaRebi ruseTTan
gegulebodaT, Cven rad agvikeliT werilebiTo? xom unda moeRos bolo, erTxel da samudamod qarTveli xalxis motyuebas.
am ori Tvis win gaerodan Cveni politikuri misia dabrunda da gamogvicxada: fexdafex mogvyveba gaeros specialuri
warmomadgenloba, romelic gadawyvets Tu ra adgilebSi ganlagdnen gaeros samSvidobo SenaerTebio. sakmao xani gavida
gaeros samSvidobo SenaerTebis molodinSi. amasobaSi gaerom,
iugoslavias rom Tavi davaneboT, somaliSic gagzavna Tavisi
SenaerTebi. saqarTveloSi ara da ara. raRacaSia saqme, etyoba, Cven gaeros danapirebi kargad ver gavigeT, Torem aseT
tyuils gaero saerTaSoriso doneze ar ikadrebda.
am bolo kviraSi gaCnda imedi gaeros egidiT ukrainis samSvidobo SenaerTebis Semoyvanisa, magram imedis es naperwkalic Caaqro elcin-SevardnaZis Sexvedram. me vfiqrob, yvelaze
marTali am Sexvedris Sedegebis SefasebaSi nodar naTaZe iyo,
romelmac Tamamad ganacxada televiziis ekranidan; Sexvedris
Sedegebi nulis toliao. marTalia, nodar naTaZe amas Tavisi
qvejgufis molaparakebis Sesaxeb brZanebda, magram Cemi fiqriT,
misi azriT Sexvedris mTel situaciaze SeiZleba gavrceldes.
araviTar sikeTes ruseTisagan ar unda velodeT. ruseTi
Cveni dampyrobelia da Cveni upirvelesi erovnuli mteri, da
vinc rusuli orientaciisaken gvibiZgebs, wamdauwum CagvZaxis
Cveni bedi ruseTTanaa gadajaWvuli, da Tu ruseTis nebas ar
davyeviT mSvidoba ar gveRirsebao, an beci politikosia, an
sergo orjonikis memkvidre.
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ra sabuTi maqvs am radikaluri daskvnis gasakeTeblad?
ruseTma dagomisis samarcxvino xelSekrulebiT mzakvrulad wagvarTva samaCablo, Tavs mogvaxvia omi afxazeTSi. ruseTis TviTmfrinavebi erTgulad bombaven soxums ager ukve 8
Tvea, da msoflio lamis dayruvda Cveni gasaWirisTvis. xavss
vebRauWebiT, gvatyueben; elcini ubraloa, elcini ver akontrolebs gudauTaSi rusi generlebis moqmedebaso. ra Tqma
unda tyuilia, da Tanac usircxvilo tyuili, roca graCovi
ityvis, qarTvelebi SeRebili TviTmrinavebiT TviTon bombaven
soxumso, Tqven ggoniaT ar esmis es elcins? rogor moxda,
soCaSi elcinTan telefoniT gasaubrebisTanave graCovma eSeridan jaris gamoyvanaze uari rom Tqva daakvirdiT elcinis
saqciels; Cveni saxelmwifos meTaurs igi, rogorc Tanaswori
saxelmwifos meTaurs ki ar xvdeba, aramed kremlSi ibarebs
rogorc vasals, rogorc qveSevrdoms, rogorc, respublikis
cekas mdivans ibarebdnen komunisturi reJimis dros urdoSi.
naxeT sadamde midis elcinis cinizmi, ase daibara man SevardnaZe 3 seqtembers moskovSi da ase daibara axlac 14 maiss. 3
seqtembris Sexvedras ra ubedurebac mohyva; mogexsenebaT _
gagra, leseliZe, ganTiadi davkargeT. arc am Sexvedras mohyveba didi sikeTe. me Zalze cudi winaTgrZnoba maqvs, RmerTma qnas Cemi winaTgrZnoba ar gamarTldes.
aqamde elcinic ver idga fexze myarado, gaiZaxian.
elcinis poziciebis ganmtkiceba Cvenze veraviTar sasikeTo zegavlenas ver axdens. elcins maSinac SeeZlo soxumis
dabombvis SeCereba, rodesac `myarad ver idga~, Catardeba
referendumi da gveSvelebao. Catarda referendumi. gaimarjva elcinma, mere? 25 aprilidan 20 dReze meti gavida, soxumis dabombva ki ufro gaZlierda. es aris Tqveni elcini? me
vfiqrob, igi saqarTvelos erT-erTi dauZinebeli mteria.
naxeT guSin rogori ironiiT, saqarTvelos mxarisadmi aSkara zizRiT ilaparaka ruseTis televiziam elcin-SevardnaZis
Sexvedraze. ra mSvenivrad gamoCnda ruseTis, am orsaxovani
ianusis politikuri buneba. Tu SevZeliT, Cven davarwmunebT
afxazeTso Sewyvitos 20-Si saomari moqmedebao (TiTqosda marTlac afxazeTi gvebrZvis da kidec gvjabnides am uTanasworo
omSi), ra utifrad ganacxada moskovelma Jurnalistma; roca
undaT rusis jars dampyroblad Tvlian, roca undaT saSve-
185
lad uxmobeno. xom faqtia, rom ruseTis daxmarebis gareSe
SevardnaZe kitovansa da ioselians ver gaumklavdebao. eWvi
maqvs, SevardnaZis moskovSi Casvlis erT-erTi mTavari mizani
kitovanisa da ioselianis winaaRmdeg daxmarebis Txovna iyo.
bavSvic mixvdeba, rom gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis damxobas marto kitovani da ioseliani ver SeZlebdnen. rusulma
Zalam sakmaod didi roli iTamaSa am saqmeSi. am samxedro gadatrialebas gamarTleba maSin eqneboda da mravlismomTmeni
qarTveli eri rusTavelis prospeqtis dangrevasac apatiebda
axal xelisuflebas, Tu igi SeZlebda xalxisTvis mSvidoba
moetana da SimSilidan amoeyvana Cveni eri.
samwuxarod, axalma xelisuflebam veraviTari danapirebi
ver Seasrula. axla warumateblobaTa gadabralebis droa,
gantevebis vacad kitovani da ioseliani gaswires. arada,
kitovani da ioseliani rodi qmnidnen saqarTvelos politikas
ukanaskneli erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi. politikas, Tqven kargad
iciT, saxelmwifos meTauri da parlamenti qmnis. Tu xelisuflebis politika gakotrda, risi simptomebic ukve saxezea,
maSin mTeli xelisufleba unda gadamdgariyo kitovanTan da
ioselianTan erTad, Torem ra gamodis, kitovani da ioseliani
ar vargodnen da isini, vinc kitovanma da ioselianma xelisuflebaSi moiyvanes, ucodveli kravebi arian?
parlamentSi araerT WeSmarit erovnul Zalas vxedav. parlamentis ramdenime wevris jiutma nebam gadawyvita saqarTvelos mimarT ruseTis aSkara agresiis msoflioSi gaxmaurebis
saSuri saqme, magram samwuxarod, bevri saxelmwifoebrivi
mniSvnelobis saqme saqarTveloSi, rogorc Cans, parlamentis
gverdis avliT wydeba.
rac Seexeba parlaments, maT Tavisi codvac eyofa. gaoceba ver davmale, roca 13 maiss parlamentma ar miiRo saqarTvelos administraciul-teritoriuli mowyobis kanoni,
riTac samudamod mogvardeboda saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi aramkvidri erebis kulturuli avtonomiis garantia da sxvisi
teritoriis maZiebel stumrTa uflebebic kanonis CarCoebSi
moeqceoda. erTxe da samudamod damTavrdeboda ukanono avtonomiebis saSineli praqtika.
rogor fiqrobT, ar cxovroben amerikaSi, safrangeTSi,
germaniaSi, TurqeTSi, iranSi, italiaSi kompaqturad, mkvidri
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eris garda sxva erebis warmomadgenlebi? ratom ar aris iq,
avtonomiuri respublikebi? rao, zemoCamoTvlili saxelmwifoebi Cvenze naklebad demokratiulni arian? imitom ar aris,
rom saxelmwifo saxelmwifoSi yovlad dauSvebelia da igi momavali eTnikuri konfliqtis nacarSi gayuCebuli naRverdalia, Sesaferis momentSi rom koconad agizgizdeba.
sxvaTa Soris, lamis Cvens erovnul Tvisebad Camoyalibdes
faqtis gazviadeba. rasac gamsaxurdias xelisuflebas naklad
uTvlidnen, dRes, politikuri brZolisa da pirovnebaTa komprometirebis is xerxebi, ratomRac dasaSvebad aris miCneuli.
universitetis 103-ma TanamSromelma xeli moawera
gancxadebas. ra saWiro iyo gangaSis atexva, roca mogangaSeni
erTmaneTs ejibrebodnen, es Cveni azri ar gaxlavT, mxolod
103 kacis azriao? im mimarTvas xels rom vawer, es xom ukve
niSnavs, rom viziareb. xolo im 103 xelmomwers azradac ar
mosvliaT TavianTi Sexeduleba universitetis mTeli mravalaTasiani koleqtivis Sexedulebad gamoecxadebinaT. maS,
risTvis atyda es aJiotaJi? rao, ar hqondaT adamianebs TavianTi azris gamoTqmis ufleba? sxvaTa Soris 103-is sawinaaRmdego Tvalsazriss, asakisaTvis sruliad Seuferebeli energiulobiT gamoxatavda zogi Rvawlmosili mecnieri, romelmac
zviad gamsaxurdias xelaRebiT mianiWa, daucvelad, sadoqtoro xarisxi.
ase rom, me, politikaSic da samoqalaqo yofiT cxovrebaSic zomierebisa da gonieri gansjis momxre var.
SevardnaZe usaTuod unda gadadges, Tu uaxloes TveebSi
radikalur Sedegebs ver miaRwia Cveni cxovrebis gaumjobesebis gzaze. pirvel rigSi mxedvelobaSi maqvs dRevandeli
saqarTvelos ori umTavresi problema: afxazeTSi qarTvelTa
samamulo omis mogeba da samaCablos dabruneba.
saerTod ki, xelisuflebis Secvla aw da maradis saqarTveloSi umtkivneulod, cecxlisa da maxvilis gareSe unda
moxdes. saqarTvelos samarcxvino furclad mimaCnia dekember-ianvris samoqalaqo omi da misi Sedegebi. mixaria, rom
kitovan-ioseliani raindulad Sexvdnen maTs, rogorc zemoT
mogaxseneT, iqneb samarTlian gaSvebas didi politikidan da
eqscesebis gareSe daubrundnen TavianT Tavdapirvel profesiebs.
187
rac Seexeba xelisuflebas, igi erTxel da samudamod aravis eZleva. yoveldRe iwereba sazRvargareTul presaSi: ama
da am xelisuflebam Tavi gakotrebulad gamoacxada da gadadgao. netav ramdeni Secdoma unda dauSvas saSualod saqarTveloSi ama Tu im xelisuflebam, rom Tavi gakotrebulad
gamoacxados? unda daelodos igi maincdamainc im wuTs, roca
ilajgawyvetili xalxi qvas aiRebs xelSi da gamoekideba? gonieri xelisufleba is aris, vinc gamoacxadebs: a, Zmao, bevri
vecade, magram ver SevZeli Tqveni imedebis gamarTleba, qveynis fexze dayenebao. mivdivar da asparezi Cemi axalgazrda
TanamemamuleebisaTvis damiTmiao.
gamsaxurdia unda dabrundes, magram araviTar SemTxvevaSi
prezidentad. man unda icxovros Tavis kolxur koSkSi. gazardos misi Svilebi saqarTveloSi. gaagrZelos Tavisi mecnierul-literaturuli saqmianoba. iqneb vcdebi, magram am
wuTSi Rrmad var darwmunebuli, rom qveynis marTva misi saqme
ar aris. amisTvis zviads arc nervebi hyofnis da arc mimteveblobis unari.
saqarTvelosTvis Zvirfasia am ori erTmaneTis moZule
politikosis gamocdileba, erudicia. saqarTvelom ukanasknel wlebSi maTi xelmZRvanelobiT araerTxel gaiara bewvis
xidze. erTmac da meoremac, nu davukargavT, istoriul saqmeebTan erTad, ara erTi Secdomac dauSves. ase rom, qarTveli eris istoriul cnobierebaSi orive maTganisTvis rCeba
adgili. Tu, rogorc zemoT mogaxseneT, politikur marcxTa
panorama gafarTovda da realuri Sedegi ver vixileT, SevardnaZec male unda gavides damsaxurebul pensiaze, weros
wignebi msoflio politikaze, mogonebebi Tavisi mdidari
cxovrebiseuli warsulidan, daaarsos saqarTveloSi politikuri instituti da uxelmZRvanelos mas.
saqarTveloSi yvela qarTvels ecxovreba, Tu mas Segnebulad ar uRalatnia Tavisi samSoblosaTvis da piradi ambiciebisaTvis ar gauyidia igi. aseTi ki meoce saukunis saqarTvelos
istoriaSi me mxolod erTi kaci vici _ sergo orjonikiZe. rac
Seexeba Teoriul Sexedulebebs, Tundac mcdari SexedulebebisaTvis kacis gakicxva, gasamarTleba, represiebi yovlad
dauSveblad mimaCnia. aseTia Cemi azri. rogorc xedavT, saqarTvelos momavlis sakiTxebSi me, dRevandeli xelisuflebis
188
bevri warmomadgenlisagan radikalurad gansxvavebuli poziciisa gaxlavarT: ara da ar vfiqrob, rom saqarTvelos bednieri momavlis gasaRebi kremlSi inaxeba. am azrs Tanmimdevrulad gamovTqvam ager ukve weliwadnaxevarze metia, rac axali
xelisufleba gamovida asparezze.
mwerali revaz miSvelaZe saqarTvelos WeSmarit damoukideblobaze da Tavisuflebaze fiqrSi aTen-aRamebs da igi mxars
ver dauWers vercerT xelisuflebas, romelsac surs saqarTvelos xalxs isev imperiis uReli daadgas kiserze, Tundac is
uReli cota Semsubuqebuli, abreSumis foCiani da, rogorc
politikosebi ityvian, modernizebuli iyos.
26 maisi, 1993 w.
`Cemi kredo ar Secvlila~
Cemi literaturuli cxovreba ise aewyo, rom mkiTxvelTa
erT nawils hgonia, TiTqos novelaTa siuJets aucileblad
sinamdvilidan viRebde. amitomac, gamovaqveyneb Tu ara axal
novelas, telefoniT xSirad mekiTxebian: _ es personaJi xom
`es aris~ (romelime funqcioners misaxeleben), xom ar vcdebiTo, meaTasejer vimeoreb: _ me arc Zvelsa da arc axal xelisuflebas Tavs imdenad ar vuyadreb, maTze novelebi vwero. konkretuli azri xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebze Cans
mxo­lod Cems werilebsa da interviuebSi. erTi ram ki cxadia,
novelebs vwer TiTqmis yovelTvis movlenaTa cxel kvalze da
egreT wodebuli distanciis Teoria CemTvis sruliad miuRebelia. amitomac, araerTxel viwvnie susxiani mzera ZlierTa ama­
qveynisaTa. komunisturi reJimis dros Cem mier gamoqveynebul
zogierT politikuri xasiaTis novelaSi araerTxel ucvniaT
marto rusis samsaxurSi Camdgari qarTveli Cinovnikebi ki ara,
politbiuros wevrebi da TviT breJnevic ki. daemxo komunisturi wyoba, movida erovnuli xelisufleba, romelsac, bunebrivia, mivesalme, rogorc yvela patrioti qarTvelis natvris
axdomas. gavida ramdenime Tve da TandaTan davrwmundi, rom
Cemi aRtaceba naadrevi iyo. xelisuflebis saTaveSi mosuliyo
189
ramdenime Tavis Tavze Seyvarebuli, gandidebis maniiT Sepyrobili snobi, romlebic TavianT medidurobas da yoyloCinobas
verafriT ver malavdnen. maSin davwere novela `daxvretamde 5
wuTi rCeba~ da didis vainaCrobiT gamovaqveyne gazeT `cxovrebaSi~, radganac sxva organoebma kategoriuli uari miTxres.
novela gafrTxileba gaxldaT mediduri da erTmaneTis moZule
erovnuli moZraobis warmomadgenlebisa. am novelis gamoqveynebasTan dakavSirebul interviuSi (13.07 `cxovreba~) ramdenime
SeniSvna gamovTqvi zviad gamsaxurdias misamarTiT. prezidentma da misma elitam galaRebuli saqarTvelos mesiis mimarT
es pirveli mokrZalebuli SeniSvnebi ar mapaties da wamovida
salanZRavi werilebis niaRvari, romelTagan erT-erTs TviT
gamsaxurdias marjvena xeli, maSindeli saqarTvelos ideologiis sardali awerda xels. mTeli sicocxlis manZilze Cemi
mamxilebluri mwerluri bunebis gamo lanZRva-ginebas miCveuli var da Cems galifrebul kritikoss ori winadadebiT vupasuxe: dReidan mwerlobas Tavs vanebeb da iqneb mirCios qoriZem,
ra saqmes movkido xeli-meTqi.
imdroindeli xelisuflebis Cem mimarT damokidebulebaSi
mSvenivrad gamomJRavnda `kanonieri xelisuflebis~ damokidebuleba saerTod SemoqmedebiTi inteligenciis mimarT. wavida
Zveli da movida axali xelisufleba. ar dagimalavT, imediT
Sevxvdi, Tumca SevardnaZis Camosvlis ori kviris Tavze mweralTa kavSirSi misi stumrobisas daufaravad vuTxari, rom me,
erTi qarTveli mwerali, ar viTanamSromleb im xelisuflebasTan, Tu isev ssrk moqalaqis pasporti meqneba jibeSi, Tu
saqarTvelo kvlav iqceva `sufra-respublikad~, gasasvlel
ezod yvela juris stumrisaTvis, da Tu ruseTis mimarT kvlav gagrZeldeba kompromisuli, naxevradmonuri politika,
rogorc es iyo komunisturi reJimis dros-meTqi. ar dagimalavT, verc axalma xelisuflebam gaamarTla Cemi imedebi.
eris Wriloba isev Riad darCa. ase rom, Cemi mwerluri kredo,
rac kalams xeli movkide, erTi wuTiTac ar Secvlila. Tqven
mekiTxebiT, ratom sdumxarTo. trabaxad ar CamomarTvaT
da, ise, rogorc pirvelma mivuTiTe zviad gamsaxurdias mis
pirovnul sisusteebze, aseve pirvelma davuwere dRevadeli
saqarTvelos xelisuflebas, rom swori gziT ar mihyavs qvey-
190
ana. mogagonebT ramdenime magaliTs: `ufro didi omebic mogvigia~ (`Tbilisi~, 8.02.93 w.), `rusis axal apeurs nu SevibamT
kiserze~ (gaz. `xma erisa~ aprili, 93 w.), `ver movisveneb~ (`lit.
saqarTvelo~, Tebervali, 93 w.). ase rom, me rodi vdumvar,
piriqiT xandaxan meCveneba Cemi krazanaseburi SeupovrobiT
xalxs Tavi xom ar movabezre-meTqi. xolo xelisuflebisaTvis
Tavis arSeyvarebis tendencia, rogorc zemoT giTxariT, Tavidanve maxasiaTebda.
xelisuflebis struqturebSi mwerlis yofnaze kategoriulad uaryofiTi Sexedulebisa var, mwerali yovelgvar karierul koniunqturaze maRla unda idges. jer kidev 20 wlis
winaT movuwode Cems Tavs da araerTgan davwere kidec, rom
arc erT xelisuflebas, arc erT Tanamdebobaze ar davTanxmdebodi. Cemi qveynis erovnuli TavisuflebisaTvis brZolaSi
me Cemi kalmiT gaxlavarT Cabmuli da ar arsebobs mwerlis
Tanamdebobaze ufro didi Tanamdeboba. erovnuli mRelvarebis dReebSi veswrebodi mitingebs televiziasTanac da
mTavrobis sasaxlis moedanzec. dabneuli rodi gaxlavarT.
Cemi pozicia mtkiced mqonda garkveuli, magram rogorc mwe­
rals, mainteresebda ra xdeboda Cvens Tavs. roca egreTwodebuli xelisufleba gaiqca Tu gaaqcies, ramdenime Cemi
opozicioneri nacnobi uceb gamiqra TvalTagan... ramdenime
dRis Semdeg isini saxelmwifo sabWoSi davlande, ra Tqma
unda, televiziiT. saxelmwifo sabWodan isini parlamentSi
gadabargdnen da TavianTi umwifari, nerviuli politikuri
gamosvlebiT verc qveyanas arges rame da Tavi ki araerTxel
moiWres. STabeWdileba iseTi damrCa, rom zviad gamsaxurdias
winaaRmdeg bevri ibrZoda ara qveynis ukeTesi momavlisaTvis, aramed Tavisi ambiciuri, karieristuli miznebis dasakmayofileblad. me vici erTi mafiozuri dajgufeba, romlis
wevrebic, uklebliv yvelani, mSvenivrad axerxeben Tbil skamebze mokalaTebas patiaSvilis, gumbariZis, zviad gamsaxurdias
da SevardnaZis meored mosvlis drosac. maTi unikaluri niWi
yvela mTavrois `dabmisa~ Seswavlis Rirsia. gamogitydebiT,
mrcxvenia zogierTi Cemi kolegis, romlebic saqarTvelos
istoriisTvis usamarcxvinoes dekembris da ianvris dReebSi
marto sityviT ki ara, TofiTac ebrZodnen bunkerSi gamom-
191
wyvdeul xelisuflebas. saerTod qarTvelma ar unda aiRos
Tofi qarTvelis winaaRmdeg, miT umetes mweralma, RmerTma
dagvifaros.
politika Cemi azriT, aris saxelmwifos ukeT mowyobis mecniereba, misi sagareo da saSinao problemebis optimalurad
gadawyvetis xelovneba. sazogadoebis masobrivi politizireba, ra Tqma unda, TavisTavad arasasiamovnoa, magram saSiSi
sruliadac ar aris. es imas niSnavs, rom xalxi dainteresebulia Tavisi qveynis bediT. Cvens cxovrebaSi iyo periodi,
roca sazogadoebis lamis 99 procents politika ar ainteresebda, gadacemebs politikur Temaze aravin usmenda. politikur statiebs mxolod politikosebi kiTxulobdnen, radganac
xalxis gansasjeli TiTqmis aRaraferi rCeboda politikaSi.
Cven magivrad didi partiuli `bosebi~ azrovnebdnen. axla
yvelani vcdilobT, didic da patarac, erTad davsaxoT qveynis xsnis gza. rac Seexeba diletantizms, amas TviT oficialuri xelisufleba uwyobs xels. Tanamdebobaze araprofesionalebis dasma zogierTi Cveni msoflio politikosis
wlebis ganmavlobaSi naerTgulevi Tviseba gaxlavT. maxsovs,
mweralTa kavSiris mdivnebad gvigzavnida ceka mweralTa kavSiris arawevrebs. dResac da wina xelisuflebis drosac diletantizmi da araprofesionalizmi araCveulebrivad ayvavda.
etyoba, adamiani susti arsebaa da uars ar ambobs iseT saqmeze,
romlis inCibinCi ar gaegeba, xelisuflebis gadawyvetilebiT,
siamovnebiT Tanxmdeba maRal posts. xelisuflebis maRal eSelonebSi arcki ufiqrdebian, amiT ra codvas sCadian. zogierTi piris gazviadebul warmodgenas sakuTar Tavze Taobebis
bedi ewireba. `me xom geniosi var, _ fiqrobs erTmmarTveli,
visac rogorc minda, ise avamuSaveb~.
_ mogwonT Cveni parlamenti? am kiTxvas xSirad usvamen sxvadasxva pirovnebas Jurnalistebi da pasuxi TiTqmis yovelTvis erTnairia _ uaryofiTi. parlamenti Tavisi siWrelis gamo
(sxvanairad igi parlamentic ar iqneboda) zogierTs dabal
Robed miaCnia, sinamdvileSi ki, originalobaSi nu CamomarTmevT, me Cveni parlamenti momwons. misi wevri araerTi Rrmad
ganswavluli da naTeli moazrovnea. sxva sakiTxia, misces Tu
ara ZlierT ama qveynisaTa parlaments ufleba iparlamentos.
parlamenti, misi survilis sawinaaRmdegod, nel-nela aqcies
salaybod. Tqven gaxsovT, albaT, araerTi samarcxvino sxdoma
parlamentisa, gansakuTrebiT kenWisyris procedurebi, roca
romelime piris gaSaveba undaT, farul kenWisyras mimarTaven,
roca gayvana surT saxeldebiT kenWisyras gamoacxadeben. saxeldebiTi kinWisyris dros TiTqmis sapirispiro suraTs vRebulobT, radganac aTi Tavi aravisa aqvs, xolo Tu arc am
ileTma gaWra, xelisufalni uceremoniod gamoacxadeben _
eleqtromricxveli moiSala da sakiTxi gansaxilvelad xvalisaTvis gadavdoTo. aseT viTarebaSi ra demokratiul parlamentze SeiZleba laparaki? arc is gaxlavT safuZvelmoklebuli, me vfiqrob, rom TviT parlamentis arCevnebze dRemde
saeWvo xmebi dadis. ra manqanebiT moxvda parlamentSi swored
ed. SevardnaZis TanamebrZolTa Zveli da axali Semadgenloba? swored isini, vinc saxelmwifo sabWoSi miiwvies mxolod
im damsaxurebis mixedviT, vin meti qva esrola gamsaxurdias.
xolo Tu erTi-ori `mCxavana kata~ gamorCaT, maT TviTon Seaxsenes Tavi daupatiJebeli misvliT saxelmwifo sabWos sxdomebze da mere saxelmwifo sabWos xelmZRvaneloba iZulebuli
gaxda defaqto de iured eRiarebina. ase rom, parlamenti zustad iseTivea, rogoric saqarTvelo, e. i. saTaveSi wmindaa da
Tavankara, ZaRlis Tavi ki sxvagan aris damarxuli.
yoveli eris sasurveli idealuri istoriuli gza, damoukideblobisa da TavisuflebisaTvis brZolis gzaa. sxva
yvela gza, Tundac igi droebiT ekonomikuri keTildReobis
momtani iyos, istoriis mier uaryofiTad iqneba Sefasebuli.
amitomac Jurnalistebisagan esoden gacveTili gamoTqma taZramde misasvleli gza qveynisa, sxva ara aris ra, Tu ara damoukideblobis gza. Tqven mowme xarT faruli brZolisa, parlamentSi im deputatebs, romelTac surT qveynis WeSmariti
damoukidebloba, rac saqarTvelodan rusis jaris upirobo
gayvaniT dagvirgvindeba, da im Zalebs Soris, romlebic kvlav
imperiis axal apeurs abamen kiserze Cvens samSoblos. maSin
rodesac ruseTma samaCablo wagvarTva da yoveldRe bombavs
soxums, xelisuflebis zogi `brZeni~ warmomadgeneli idga
da qadagebda ruseTTan samSvidobo megobrul xelSekrulebas movaweroT xelio. am xelSekrulebis sawinaaRmdego vis ra
192
13. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
193
unda hqonoda, rom TviT xelSekrulebaSi ar yofiliyo ramdenime, saqarTvelosTvis damamcirebeli, eSmakuri, kabaluri
punqti. nu gavaRizianebT ruseTso, ambobdnen im ruseTze,
romelic yoveldRe umowyalod da Seubraleblad gvixocavda
qalebs da bavSvebs. politikaSi gaRizianeba-argaRizianeba ar
arsebobs. roca saxelmwifos bombaven, Tu saxelmwifom iZaxa: ki ar gvbombaven, cidan manana mocvivao, igi Seguebulia
monobas. istoriaSi yvelafris dafiqsirebaa saWiro. yelgamowvdili bRaoda zogi parlamentari: vacnoboT msoflios,
rom ruseTi xelaxla gvipyrobso, magram parlamentis dadgenileba ki ara, pirveli mimarTva gaerosadmi mxolod maSin iqna miRebuli, roca samaCablo warTmeuli da afxazeTSi qarTvelTa gaugonari genocidi ukve momxdari iyo. gana
yvelafers ar akeTebda xelisuflebis zogi warmomadgeneli,
rom afxazeTSi samamulo omis ki ara, lokaluri konfliqtis
iluzia Seqmniliyo saqarTveloSi? gana imas ar emsaxureboda
ideologiuri saSualebebis Zalisxmeva, rom yuradReba gadaetanaT meorexarisxovan problemebze, raTa mTavarze, mosalodnel erovnul katastrofaze ar efiqra qarTvel kacs?
maS, saidan movida am gagania omis dros amdeni Soukoncerti
da sicil-xarxaris saRamo, ratom ar gamoacxada xelisuflebam sayovelTao mobilizacia, ratom ar CaTvala Tavi movaled
gamudmebiT, erTimeoreze miyolebiaT gaeSva SOS-is signalebi: ariqa, gviSveleT, ruseTma Cveni mesamed dapyroba ganizraxao? raki erovnuli moZraobis warmomadgenlebma yofili
sabWoTa respublikis kvalze saqarTvelos svlis ufleba ar
misces xelisuflebis zogierT rusofil aqtivistebs, isini
daadgnen saqarTvelos nel-nela daCoqebis, daTrugnvis politikas, rasac nawilobriv miaRwies kidec. Cven TiTqmis davmarcxdiT samamulo omSi, amitomac saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi
ase modaSia dRes warumateblobis erTmaneTze gadabralebis
politika. parlamenti saxelmwifos meTaurs da Tavdacvis saministros abralebs, Tavdacvis saministro _ parlaments da a.
S. warmatebis SemTxvevaSi yvelani cal-calke miiwerdnen gamarjvebas, waforxilebas ki erTmaneTs ostaturad gadaabraleben xolme. ase rom, Cemi Rrma rwmeniT, saqarTvelos xelisuflebis dRevandel kurss seriozuli koreqtivebi esaWiroeba.
194
savalalo is gaxlavT, rom, mgoni qveynis Svelis zusti
recepti dRes aravis gaaCnia. es uZnelesi saqmea. mogexsenebaT, wiwilebs Semodgomaze iTvlian, ukve dgeba Semodgoma da
vnaxoT... swori kursi, albaT, zviadizmsa da SevardnaZizms
Soris sadRac SuaSi unda veZeboT. vfiqrob, zviadis prezidentad dabruneba saqarTveloSi axal sisxlisRvras gamoiwvevs, radganac SevardnaZis momxreni nebismier SemTxvevaSi
darCebian saqarTveloSi. zviadizmi, rogorc saqarTvelos
damoukideblobis idea, principulad swor idead mimaCnia,
rom ara TviT gamsaxurdias odiozuri xasiaTi. SevardnaZe gamocdili politikosi gaxlavT, magram mas gauWirdeba qarTvelTa gaerTianeba. rac Seexeba samomavlo gzas, saqarTvelom
ufro gabedulad unda aiRos kursi dasavleTisaken, xolo Tavis uaxloes momijnave qveynebTan daamyaros keTilmezobluri
samSvidobo urTierToba.
adamians yovelgvari sisuste unda apatio. kacis mokvlisa
da samSoblos Segnebulad gayidvis garda. saSinelebaa SexedulebaTa gamo adamianTa devna-gaqiaqeba. roca pirovnebis komprometireba undaT, mis adrindel frazebs aafrialeben: Sen
ar iyavi, am dros amas, amas da amas rom ambobdio?! pirovneba
icvleba, izrdeba da mas evoluciis ufleba unda mivceT. Cem
Tavs araerT sisustes vatyob, magram iseTs arc erTs, rom
danaSaulebriv sisusted miviCnioT. `nu ganikiTxavT, raTa
ar ganikiTxneT~ _ CemTvis umaRlesi zneobrivi sibrZnea. mag.
SexedulebaTa cvalebadobisagan revaz miSvelaZe-publicisti
dazRveuli ar aris. magram revaz miSvelaZe-novelisti dResac siamovnebiT moawerda xels am 30 wlis ganmavlobaSi gamoqveynebul yvela Tavis novelas. Cemi zogierTi kolegisagan
gansxvavebiT, me arc erTi Cemi striqonisa ar mrcxvenia. rac
Seexeba politikur winaTgrZnobas an publicistur frazas,
bevrjer Sevmcdarvar, mag., `saqarTvelos resp-Si~ 1991 wels
gamoqveynebul interviuSi mTeli seriozulobiT vamtkicebdi,
ver gamigia, ratom hgonia zogierT xelisufals, rom SevardnaZe imperiaSi Tavisi didi politikuri gzis gavlis Semdeg
saqarTveloSi Camova da meore wres daurtyams saxelmwifoebriv asparezze am xandazmulobis asakSi-meTqi. Turme Rrmad
vcdebodi. rac Seexeba mimteveblobas, qarTveli var da Cems
195
ers vurCev, sulgrZelad apatios Tavis araerT Ze Secdomils
nebsiT Tu uneblieT Cadenili danaSauli. gunebaSi, Tu prozaikosis fantazias mapatiebT, xandaxan imazec ki vfiqrob, rom
erT mSvenier, dawynarebul saRamos vakis parkSi Semxvdebian,
ukve pensioneri, erTmaneTis dauZinebeli politikuri mtrebi
_ SevardnaZe da gamsaxurdia. erTi Zveleburad Rimiliani da
moqilike iqneba, meore _ Zveleburad pirquSi da kategoriuli, magram arc erT maTgans aRar eqneba gulSi im boRmis
natamali, romelsac saqarTvelos am orma saxelganTqmulma
Svilma lamis samSoblo gadaayoles.
Cemi samwerlo gza daiwyo komunisturi reJimis pirobebSi, maSin Cven yvelani literaturuli mebrZolebi viyaviT,
moCvenebiTi mSvidobis dros arenaze gamosul gladiatorebs
vgavdiT. axal wigns rom gamovcemdiT, pirvel rigSi im adgilebs vuCvenebdiT erTmaneTs, rac cenzuras gavapareT da
mkiTxvelic mSvenivrad gvigebda da mogvyveboda. rogorc Sevatyve, WeSmarit literaturas oficialur xelisuflebasTan
dramatuli Serkinebac badebs. axla meore ukiduresobaSi gadavvardiT. yvelafris Tqma SeiZleba magram mwerlobam dakarga is xibli da interesi, rac adre hqonda.
visRa davumalo, mwerlebi Zveleburad popularulni aRara varT. Tanac gveubnebian, rac ginda were da beWdeo, magram
qaRalds da stambas ar gvaZleven da xandaxan meCveneba, rom xelisufleba mwerlobas axla am formiT ebrZvis. Tu Cven droze
ar mivawodeT Cveni naweri ers, bunebrivia, igi aqtualobas da
sinedles dakargavs. ai, aseTi dilemis winaSe aRmovCndiT dRes
mwerlebi. mweralTa kavSiris xelmZRvaneloba cdilobs mwerals Sroma gauadvilos da misi ekonomikuri daxmarebis gzebi
moZebnos. axerxebs kidec amas, Tumca didi WapanwyvetiT. Cven,
mwerlebi, upretenzio xalxi varT. rogorc eri iTmens, Cvenc
moviTmenT SimSils da sicives, oRond ers eSvelos, oRond
moveswroT WeSmaritad Tavisufal da demokratiul saqarTvelos. wavida is dro, roca mwerloba xelisuflebis erTguli TanaSemwe iyo. wavida karis poetobis dro. aRarasodes
iqnebian saqarTveloSi erTi mwerluri meTodis da erTi `izmis~ moerTgule literatorebi. erTiani magistralidan CvenCven SukebSi CamovuxvieT, da es SemoqmedebiTi bednierebis da-
196
sawyisi gaxlavT. eric da beric unda afasebdes mwerals imis
mixedviT, Tu ra axali Seitana man saukunis azrovnebaSi da ara
imis mixedviT, Tu romeli politikosis da oficialuri piris
gverdiT dgas igi. politikosebi wavlen da wamovlen. mwerali _ rCeba. politikosebis saxeli umetes SemTxvevaSi qreba
xalxis mexsierebidan da drois qarborbalas mihyveba, mwerali
ki saukuneebs elaparakeba da misi wmidaTawminda valia ar daamadlos fiqri Tavis samSoblos, momavals Semounaxos epoqis
utyuari suraTebi. ase rom, mwerals igive funqcia aqvs dRes,
rac hqonda homerosis da rusTavelis dros.
1993 w.
qarTuli sulis galamazeba
sxvadasxva dros araerT literaturul JanrSi micdia
kalami, magram am bolo dros davrwmundi, rom Cemi mTavari
saqme novelaa. novela kompaqturobiT, lakonizmiT da moqnilobiT met saSualebas maZlevs mkiTxvels droulad, operatiulad vuTxra Cemi saTqmeli. rac Seexeba kinos, rogorc Cans,
aq marto mwerlis enTuziazmi sakmarisi ar aris. oriode scenari davwere; im scenarebis mixedviT gadaiRes kidec oriode
saSualo donis filmi, magram dRemde amaod velodebodi Cems
reJisors, iseTs, rogoric rezo WeiSvils gamouCnda eldar
Sengelaias saxiT.
Cemi operatiuloba, albaT, novelis Janrma da Cemma xasiaTma ganapiroba. roca sxvebi didsulovnad dumils arCeven,
me moedanze gamosvlis da saqveyno saqmeze Cemi azris saqveynod gamoTqmis survili miCndeba. xSirad oficialur wreebs
ar moswonT Cemi `literaturuli siTamame~, magram me sxvanairad ar ZalmiZs. SeiZleba vibralebde eris mesityveobas,
magram sul mgonia, rom yovel sabediswero istoriul mosaxvevze (da aseTi mosaxvevebiT savsea Cveni cxovreba) xalxi Cems
sityvas elodeba. vfiqrob, mwerals gaCumebis ufleba ar aqvs
Cvens droSi. ase mgonia, gaivlis wlebi da dumili danaSaulad
197
CameTvleba. `ganaCenSi~ lamis reportaJuli novelebic Sevitane. dakvirvebuli mkiTxveli dokumenturi sizustiT icnobs
masSi Cveni dReebis suraTebs.
is, rasac mwerlur opozicionerobas uwodeben, CemTvis mxolod simarTlis Tqmis survilia da sxva araferi. amazrzenia
mwerlisTvis xelisuflebis mexotbis mantia; mexotbisa mkiTxvels arasodes sjera, rogor SeiZleba mwerali Tanamdebobis
pirebTan vasalur an rac ufro gulisamrevia, metaSe-klakioris urTierTobaSi iyos. Cems funqciad xelisuflebis kritika mimaCnia, oRond vcdilob es kritika yovelTvis keTilmosurnis poziciidan iyos naTqvami.
me xbos aRtacebiT arc erTi xelisufleba ar myvarebia
da arc mtrad gavxdomivar romelime xelisuflebas. mtroba
mwerlis saqme ar aris. mwerlis saqme siyvarulia.
am oTaraanTqvrivul pirSi mTqmelobis gamo aki xSirad usamarTlod makritikeben zevidan, qvevidan da gverdidanac.
mkiTxvels ar uyvars xelisuflebasTan Seamxanagebuli,
amalaSi myofi mwerali. kritika ki xSirad Cemi, rogorc mwerlis sasargeblodac moqmedebda. mogexsenebaT, xalxi yovelTvis daCagrulis mxarezea.
axlaxan Jurnali `Rimili~ davaarse.
`Rimili~ Cveulebrivi sqeltaniani literaturuli Jurnalia, rogorc `mnaTobi~, `ciskari~ an `ganTiadi~. Tanac mas
odnav gansxvavebuli profili aqvs. ZiriTadad ironiul, mkveTrad publicistur nawarmoebebs vbeWdavT. Jurnali SarSanwin (1991 w.) imitom davaarse, rom vgrZnobdi Cems literaturul periodikaSi misi adgili aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi
carieli iyo, arada, mkiTxveli Rimilian-ironiul literaturas Zalian etaneba. Cems Jurnals daarsebisTanave mxarSi
amoudgnen maRalniWieri qarTveli mwerlebi. xumrobagaSvebiT
erTsac getyviT, raki `Rimili~ literaturuli asociaciis
Jurnalia, xelisuflebam bevric rom moindomos ver momxsnis
misi redaqtorobidan, risi mware gamocdilebac maqvs: `obieqturma~ da `didbunebovanma~, `eris mebairaxtrem~ muxran maWavarianma mTavrobis (romelsac TvalebSi Sescicinebda) davalebiT uyoymanod, SesaSuri operatiulobiT, momxsna Jurnal
`kritikis~ mTavari redaqtoris Tanamdebobidan.
198
es ise, sxvaTaSoris... saerTod ki, verc sakuTari TaviT
da verc Tavisi SemoqmedebiT WeSmariti mwerali kmayofili
verasodes ver iqneba. TviTkmayofilebidan erTi nabijia gandidebis maniamde, riTac karga xania daavadda zogi Cveni saerTo nacnobi. TviTkmayofilebam kisris gaCikineba icis da kiser
gaSeSebuli, Tavis personaze Seyvarebuli kaci eris msaxuri
verasodes iqneba.
amaswinaT, rogorc saqarTvelos kulturul saerTaSoriso asociaciis prezidiumis wevri saqarTveloSi TurqeTis
elCma, batonma TimoCin arbaqma, saelCoSi mimiwvia, kulturis
saerTaSoriso asociaciis prezidentTan erTad.
TurqeTis elCTan viziti uSualod gaxldaT dakavSirebuli kulturis saerTaSoriso asociaciis da sazogadoeba `Tvistomis~ yoveldRiur saqmianobasTan. mogexsenebaT,
TurqeTSi 7 milioni qarTveli cxovrobs, e. i. ufro meti,
vinem saqarTveloSi. isini uaRresad Rirseuli, patrioti,
saerTod qarTuli Segnebis moqalaqeni arian. ar SeiZleba
deda-saqarTvelom TurqeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelebTan mWidro
erovnuli kulturuli urTierToba ar gaabas. komunisturi
reJimis 70 wlis ganmavlobaSi Cvensa da TurqeTis saqarTvelos Soris Cinuri kedeli iyo aRmarTuli. axla, rodesac
undoblobis yinuli galRva, Cven unda SevkraT is tivi, romelic orive napirs gaaerTianebs. TurqeTis elCs SevuTanxmdiT, rom periodulad gavcvliT kulturis muSakTa delegaciebs. TurqeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelebs CavutanT dedaenasa
da sxva qarTul wignebs. tao-klarjeTSi movawyobT qarTvel
mxatvarTa gamofenebs da CavatarebT leqciebs saqarTvelos
istoriisa da qarTuli kulturis sakiTxebze.
dRevandel saqarTvelos ekonomikur-politikuri krizisi garda Cveni xelisuflebis uniaTo, mouqneli politikisa,
istoriuli viTarebis bralic aris. me vfiqrob, ufro ganswavluli, politikasa da ekonomikaSi ufro garkveuli xelisuflebac rom gvyoloda, krizisi mainc garduvali iyo.
CasaZirivad ganwiruli ruseTis imperiis kreiseri da kapitalisturi samyaros mSvenieri, JanggamZle xomaldi erTmaneTs Sordebian. saqarTvelo, rogorc patara uialqno navi,
ise dacuravs maT Soris. SeiZleba moxdes, rom igi imperiis
199
dampal kreisers gamoaban da masTan erTad CaiZiros. da es
yvelaferi xelisuflebis istoriuli danaSauli iqneba. raki
me saqarTvelos CaZirva ar msurs, bunebrivia, ar minda dRevandeli xelisuflebis damarcxebac, Tumca pirdapir unda
giTxraT mas did sikeTeebs ver vatyob, gaocebuli var Cveni
`brZeni~, `Seumcdari~ politikosebis diletantizmiT da maTi
yoveldRiuri SecdomebiT. dRes 24 ivnisia. umowyalod dabombes soxumi, Cvenma becma parlamentma werili miswera gaeros da elcins: afxazi separatistebi soxumis dabombvas ganagrZobeno. imis magivrad, rom gaerosTvis mieweraT, elcini
gvbombavso, TviT elcins amcnes da saqarTvelos upirveles
mters Semweoba sTxoves. xom gaukvirdeba gaeros Cveni parlamentis miamitoba, sanam SeiZleba namusi SevunaxoT ruseTis
imperias. nacartutad iqca soxumi. vin agebs pasuxs istoriis
winaSe ferflad qceuli am mSvenieri qalaqisaTvis?
am bolo dros, samwuxarod, Cveni ekonomikur-moraluri
siZneleebis gamo erovnuli TviTkritikis joxi meore ukidurobisken gadaixara. xSirad gaigonebT: es ra Rirsebadacemuli, zarmaci da gautaneli eri vyofilvarTo...
kategoriulad ar veTanxmebi amgvar TviTgvemas. saqarTvelos ar sWirdeba Tavis erze gabrazebuli nihilisti mwerali, mecnieri da Jurnalisti. ver vitan eris maginebel,
`maRalkulturul~ `elitarul~ inteligencias. ar SeiZleba rusTavelisa da ilia WavWavaZis dambadebeli eri, Tundac dRes, viRac-viRacebis xelwamosakravi da gasalanZRavi
eri iyos. qarTvelebi, marTlac rom, unikaluri xalxi varT.
swored axla sWirdeba mizezTa gamo SeWirvebul Cvens xalxs
mweralma sakuTari Rirsebis grZnoba ganumtkicos da momavlisken imedianad gaaxedos. mtrisas Tavis erovnul Rirsebebze xelCaqneuli qarTveli. Cven qarTvelis sulis galamazebagakeTilSobilebaze iseve unda vizrunoT, rogorc ilia da
akaki zrunavdnen.
me TviTon kulturis gadamrCeni komitetis wevric gaxlavarT. oriodejer Segvkribes, zogadi gulisamaCuyebeli sityvebi mogvasmenines kulturis gadarCenis saWiroebaze da meti
aRar SevuwuxebivarT. axla, roca omia, xelisufleba kriziss
ganicdis da lamis ToneSi aqvs Tavi Cayofili, verc gaamtyu­
200
neb, rom kulturis gadarCenisTvis aravis cxela. kulturis
gadarCenisTvis brZola sulac ar niSnavs morigi speqtaklis
Semdeg xelisuflebis aRtacebuli warmomadgenlebis Sesvlas
kulisebSi da SimSiliT TvalebamoRamebuli msaxiobebisTvis
xelis CamorTmevas. Tumca zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebasTan SedarebiT es umniSvnelo, magram, mainc win gadadgmuli
nabijia. zviad gamsaxurdias da misi kohortisTvis qudic rom
SegegdoT, mainc TeatrSi da kinoSi ver Seiyvandi. mxatvris
gamofenis daTvalierebaze xom laparaki zedmeti iyo.
axlac asea. vwer novelebs yoveldRiurobaze, magram rac
Seexeba beWdvasa da gamocemas, gamoqveyneba ase Zneli arasodes yofila. qaRaldi ar aris, stambis xarjebi usaSvelod
gaizarda. ar daijerebT, am bolo dros sami wigni gamoveci da honorari arc erTi kapiki ar amiRia. wignis gayidviT
Semosuli Tanxa qaRaldisa da stambis xarjebs Zlivs eyo.
mwer­
lebi, sponsorebis xelSi Semyure, maTxovrebad gvaqcia
dRevandelma xelisuflebam. ar vici, sanam gagrZeldeba ase.
Cemi profesoruli xelfasiT or kilogram xorcsac ver vyidulob. ar vici riTi axerxeben sxvebi ojaxis rCenas. sityvas mohyva, Torem Cemi gaWirveba ra mosatania, roca qveyana
SimSilobs. am totalur gaWirvebis Jams mweralic iseve unda
cxovrobdes, rogorc misi xalxi cxovrobs. SimSils rogorme
gavuZlebT, magram simwriT mopovebuli damoukideblobis dakargvas vera. aseve fiqrobs saRad moazrovne qarTveli xalxi.
es kargad unda icodes iman, vinc SimSilisagan ilajgawyvetil
Cems xalxs imperiis Savbneli wiaRisaken eqaCeba.
1 ivlisi, 1993 w.
`orive mxares Cemi sisxli da xorcia!~
dRes saqarTvelos mTavari sazrunavia, rogor unda gamovides igi arsebuli politikur-ekonomikuri krizisidan, raTa
gaxdes WeSmaritad damoukidebeli, Tavisufali, erTiani da
Zlieri qveyana, rogor unda davixsnaT Tavi ruseTis klanWebidan ise, rom SevinarCunoT Cveni sazRvrebi da uflebebi
mTel qarTul teritoriaze.
201
krizisidan rom gamovides, mTelma saqarTvelom unda isurvos krizisidan gamosvla. qveyanam rom erTianad raime isurvos, igi erTiani, mTliani unda iyos. politikuri cxovrebis
im wesiT, Cven rom axla vcxovrobT, saqarTvelo ver gaerTiandeba. `zviadistebsa~ da `SevardnaZistebs~ Soris axla siZulvili dgas da ufskrulic amitom ufro da ufro Rrmavdeba. saqarTvelos siZulvili ver gaaerTianebs, saqarTvelo
siyvarulma unda gaaerTianos. SevardnaZis xelisufleba Tu
daemxoba, damSviddeba saqarTvelo? aramc da aramc. me vici,
SevardnaZis reitingi saqarTveloSi dRes dRiTi dRe dabla
iwevs (cnobil damarcxebaTa gamo), magram ise dabla arasdros daiwevs, aTi procenti mainc rom ar darCes SevardnaZis
momxre. mere da is aTi procenti gaCerdeba? xom isev daiwyeba
politikuri `ZiZgi-ZiZgi mamalo~ (sxvaTa Soris am saxelwodebis novela maqvs dawerili, televiziidan nawyvetic wavikiTxe, magram dRemde ver movaxerxe dabeWdva, redaqtorebs
rogorc zviadis dros eSinodaT, axlac ise eSiniaT, r. m.),
amitomac mxars vuWer im ideas, rom rac SeiZleba male dasxdnen parlamentSi erTmaneTis gverdiT `zviadistebi~ da `SevardnaZistebi~.
Cven am bolo dros omi migvaviwyda (xandaxan mgonia, rom
amas _ yuradRebis sxvagan gadatanas saxelmwifo specialurad
akeTebs) da Sidapolitikur bataliebSi CaverTeT. zogierTi
politpatriotis gamafrTxilebel zarebs: `qveyana iRupeba,
oms vagebT, xalxi daimSa, ipovos xelisuflebam Cixidan gamosvlis gzebi, anda gadadgeso, SeSfoTebul gaaznaurebulTa
usiamo wkavwkavi xvdeba. gaognebuli var, rogor exveweba SevardnaZes zogi Cemi kolegac ki (maSin roca mwerali saTnoebis da mitevebis mqadageblad unda gvevlinebodes) gamkacrdi,
dasaje, daerie opozicias, nu xar ase gulCvilio. SevardnaZes
hyofnis sibrZne, ar ahyves am ugunur rCevebs. man kargad icis,
rom pirvelsave farTomasStabian `gamarjvebas~ misi xelisuflebis damxoba mohyveba. gaixseneT, zustad gulCvilobas
uwunebdnen zviads misi mrCevlebi da aiZules kidec 2 seqtembris mitingisTvis prezidents omoni miesia, Sedegi?
meore aranaklebi kuriozi xdeba dRes: imaT, vinc mTeli
sicocxlis manZilze imperias ebrZoda da axlac xmisCaxleCiT
202
hyviris _ ar gveSveleba, sanam rusis jaris gayvanis mtkice
grafiks ar davawesebT, sanam imperiis mucelSi darCenis survils ar amoiRebT gulidano, zogierTi Wkuasusti ideologi
ruseTis agents eZaxis. ufro sasacilo ramis mofiqreba SeiZleba? Tumca es sasacilo sruliadac ar aris, cnobili demagogiuri svlaa _ imis agentad gamogacxadon, rasac ebrZvi.
iqamde mivida maTi Tavxedoba, rom eqsprezidents daabrales
zugdidSi rusis orasi jariskacis Seyvana. Tumca es sisulele
meore dResve uaryves, radganac aseTi `simarTle~ (ise daumSvenda cxviri amis momCmaxavs) ruseTs ar moewona. ar geniSnaT agentebis da mtrebis Ziebis dRevandeli praqtika Cveni
axlo warsulidan? maS, ra gansxvavebaa axalsa da Zvel xelisuflebas Soris? me mgoni bevri araferi imis garda, rom
Zvelma arakanonieri avtonomiuri jojo vaJkacurad gaauqma
da msoflios gabedulad ganucxada, rom ruseTis imperiis
uRels aRarasodes daidgamda.
ararsebul mtrebs zogi politikosi dRes am sferoSic
eZebs. TiTqosda vinme iseTi briyvi iyos, dRes saqarTveloSi,
ruseTTan yovelgvari kavSiris gawyvetas qadagebdes. WkuaTmyofeli amas rogor ityvis. mTel saqarTvelos surs ruseTTan davdoT iseTive xelSekruleba, rogorc davdeT CineTTan,
iranTan, azerbaijanTan, somxeTTan, TurqeTTan, ukrainasTan...
arc meti, arc naklebi, vin aris ruseTTan savaWro, ekonomikuri, mecnieruli, kulturuli urTierTobis winaaRmdegi.
ratom daeZebs zogi politikosi katas bnel oTaxSi, roca
kata iq karga xania aRar aris? nuTu ase Zneli gasagebia, rom
saqarTvelos surs Tavisufleba, damoukidebloba da ar surs
ruseTis vasali iyos? rom yoveli kompromisuli xelSekruleba (georgievskis traqtati moigoneT) xelaxla saqarTvelos
dasamoneblad iqneba gamoyenebuli?
gza? krizisidan gamosvlis, anu saqarTvelos gadarCenis
erTaderTi gza arsebobs. vimoqmedoT Cvens upirveles mterze, ruseTze, ori saSualebiT: I _ Cveni sijiutiT da moTminebiT (orWofoba ar unda Segvetyos, unda vagrZnobinoT
rom gavwydebiT da aRar davemonebiT) da II _ saerTaSoiso
arxebiT. Cveni despanebi niadag unda trialebdnen msoflios zesaxelmwifoebis karze TxovniT _ `dagvixseniT ruseTis
203
klanWebidan~. Tanac es unda vakeToT frTxili, Wkvianuri
politikiT. ruseTisaTvis enis gamoyofa da masTan gacxareba
aras gvargebs. gamoviyenoT germania-baltiispireTis gamocdileba da ruseTs SeZlebisdagvarad mokle droSi _ maqsimum
or weliwadSi gamoveridoT ise, rom masTan samxedro-politikur-administraciulis garda sxva yovelgvari kavSirurTierToba SevinarCunoT. amas SevardnaZe urigod rodi cdilobs,
magram mis politikas ruseTisadmi zedmeti ndobis da aqedan
gamomdinare gaumarTlebeli kompromisebis kvali etyoba.
mTel saqarTvelos aRelvebs afxazeTis sakiTxi. gagraleseliZe mters ise Cabarda, rom mizezi da damnaSaveni dRemde
ar garkveula. miuxedavad mravalgzis SeTanxmebisa, soxumi kvlav ibombeba. gumisTasTan gavlebul sazRvars TiTqos SevegueT kidec. win wasvlaze da gagra-leseliZis ganTavisuflebaze sityvac aravis wamoscdeba, piriqiT, Tbilisis dabombviT
gvaSineben.
CvenTvis am friad paradoqsul saukuneSi saqarTvelom
Tavisi teritoriis TiTqmis naxevari dakarga. komunisturma
tiraniam lamis dagvaviwya warTmeuli miwa-wylis (tao-klarjeTi, lore, soCa, saingilo) dabrunebaze fiqri. axla ki, rac
dro gadis, es teritoriebi ufro da ufro Soreuli xdeba
CvenTvis.
vafrTxileb mTels saqarTvelos! Tu erTi weli kidev gavZeliT usamaCablod, ugagrod, uleseliZod da uganTiadod,
Cven am miwebs veRarasodes davibrunebT. mtris mier okupirebul teritoriebze iseTi procesebi viTardeba (qarTvelTa
genocidi, ucxotomelTa dasaxleba), rom Cvens erovnul teritoriebs male veRar vicnobT. amitom gaumarTleblad mimaCnia am Temaze delikaturi wayrueba ruseTTan gamarTuli
saubrebis dros. piriqiT, Cven dRedaRam msoflios gasagonad
unda gavyvirodeT, rom dauyovnebliv unda dagvibrunos ruseTma warTmeuli teritoriebi.
gagris dakargvis mizezs gagris erT muWa bedkrul damcvelTa Soris amaod veZebT. mTavari damnaSave 3 seqtesbris
SeTanxmebaa. ruseTma veragulad mogvatyua, Cvens gamocdil
politikosebs am xelSekrulebiT yuradReba mouduna da
mtrebs gaamarjvebina. mere ki wamovida qarTuli trabaxis
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niaRvari _ axal wels biWvinTaSi vizeimebTo. magram am politikur monaWor-baqiobas safuZveli ar gaaCnda.
gaeros samSvidobo Zalebis Semosvla da dasavleTis mier
rusTis mimarT gatarebuli sanqciebi (sesxze uaris Tqma,
politikuri zewola) Tu moandomebinebs ruseTs daexsnas afxazeT-samaCablos, Torem sxva veraferi gviSvelis. elcins da
mis pirad generlebs SevardnaZe Tavisi WkuagamocdilebiT da
momnusxveli TeTri TmiT guls ver moulbobs. misi yoveli
cda amaoa. ruseTis imperatori SevardnaZes dascqeris rogorc kakanaTSi gabmul SaSvs. ra qnas aseT SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifos meTaurma? igi, rogorc davrwmundiT, saswaulmoqmedi
(da Seumcdari) sruliadac ar aris.
uaresi mdgomareobaa samaCabloSi. aq sruli okupacia
moxda os-rusTa `mSvidobis damamyarebeli~ samxedro ZaliT.
aTeulobiT qarTveli daxoces da ltolvilebad aqcies. qarTul soflebs gamudmebiT Tavs esxmian rusebis naCuqari
6 vertmfreniT. cxinvalSi adgilobrivi osuri televizia
amuSavda, qarTul enaze ki radiogadacemebic enatrebaT
blokirebul qarTul soflebs; cxinvalSi 7 rusuli gazeTi gamodis da arc erTi qarTuli. saqarTvelos mTavrobam
gazeT `Sida qarTls~, romelic gorSi gamodioda, dafinanseba Seuwyvita. Tbilisi-cxinvalis matarebeli cxinvalSi
ver Sedis, mxolod niqozamde midis. mkvidri qarTvlebisgan
qalaqi daclilia.
warTmeuli teritoriebis dabruneba uaRresad Znelad,
iSviaTze iSviaTad xdeba. gadaxedeT bolo wlebis msoflio
praqtikas da Tavad darwmundebiT. ruseTma iZala da wagvarTva saqarTvelos guli _ samaCablo. ramdenic unda viZaxoT,
ar aris warTmeuli, colmkvdari qmrisa ar iyos, dRes naTlad Cans warTmeuli da xval ra iqneba, vnaxoT, dasanani is
aris, rom Cven TviT SevuwyveT xeli am warTmevas `dagomisis~ xelSekrulebiT. axla ixtibars ar vitexT. ar vagebinebT
msoflios, rom rusma gvimuxTla, Tumca Cvens genialur politikosebs ar SeiZleba ar scodnodaT, rom samSvidobo Zalebis
ileTi samaCablos omSi Cvens dasamarcxeblad iyo mogonili.
nuTu wamiTac ar SercxvebaT, rom gadaxedaven axla TavianT Zvel interviuebs, gulze mjiRis cemiT rom gahyvirod-
205
nen _ dagomisis xelSekruleba qarTuli diplomatiis didi
gamarjvebaa, es aris eTnokonfliqtebis gadawyvetis qarTuli
meTodi, romelic mTelma msofliom unda gadaiRoso. ar vici
msofliom rogor gadaiRo es `meTodi~, magram Cven rom samaCablo dagvakargvina, faqtia.
RmerTma nu qnas, vifiqro, rom samaCablos dakargva da afxazeTis gadaxsnili iarac politikuri Secdomis ki ara, Cveni
xelmZRvanelobis mxriv sruliad Segnebuli kompromisis Sedegia.
axla ekonomikasac SevexoT. qveyana SimSilis zRvarzea.
mTavrobam miiRo dadgenileba kuponis gasamyareblad, maSin
roca mrewveloba gaCerebulia, sawarmoebi ver iReben grZelvadian kreditebs, radgan ukve gaxarjulia. komerciuli
struqturebi kuponze ar vaWroben. WeSmaritad ufskrulisken
miveqanebiT.
dRes mavnebloba iciT ra aris? daikrifo gulze xeli da
iZaxo gafuWebuli gramafoniviT: _ `Cven msoflioSi Turme
yvelaze zarmaci eri vyofilvarT. Cven aqamde ruseTi gvarCenda, rogorc Rarib naTesavebs. uruseTod miwaze baris dakvrac ar SegviZlia, radganac sakuTar traqtors ki ara, barsac ver vakeTebT. Cven xom araferi gagvaCnia. Cveni dariSxani
Tavis mosawamlavadac ar gveyofa, navTobi ar gvaqvs. Cveni
citrusebi msoflioSi yvelaze uxarisxoa. Cveni Cai sazRvargareT rom aCuqoT vinmes, ukan gadmogigdebs, imdenad cudia!~ am
xmebs specialurad avrceleben, qarTvels arasrulfasovnebis
sindromi rom Sehyaron da daarwmunon, rom damoukideblad
arseboba ar SeuZlia.
Cveni axlandeli ekonomikuri gasaWiri SevardnaZis brali
sruliadac ar aris. ekonomikur blokadaSi varT da imperia
SimSiliT gamocdas gviwyobs, rasac, Tu Tavisufleba gvinda,
unda gavuZloT. es SimSilic gaTvlilia cnobili miznisTvis.
damSeuli adamianebi ukve gahyvirian bazarsa Tu puris rigebSi: ar gvinda Tavisufleba, SevideT esengeSi. me Tu movkvdi
mSieri, Cems mere qva-qvaze daduRebula. es damoukidebloba imasa hgavs, mola SimSiliT rom mokles da mere, ukanalSi
flavs atenidneno. es imas niSnavs, rom imperiaSi Cvenma Sembruneblebma zog meryev elementebTan ukve miaRwies mizans.
206
Cven delegaciebi sazRvargareT mxolod samaTxovrod da
sesxis asaRebad ar unda dadiodnen, Torem saqarTvelo male
valebSi daixrCoba. raRac ver vxedav saqarTveloSi ucxouri
kapitalis ise SemoWras, rogorc es 1918-21 wlebSi iyo (wignebidan vici). meaTasejer vimeoreb, Cven umdidresi bunebrivi
resursebis qveyana varT da samaTxovro araferi gvWirs. ratom ver gavSaleT aqamde farTod Cveni resursebis aTviseba
saerTaSoriso bazrisTvis? ratom ar mivyideT ucxoel kapitalistebs Tundac xuT-xuTi wliT aqciebi? elementarul
magaliTs vityvi. sxvas rom Tavi davaneboT (vici gaeRimebaT `did ekonomistebs~) mTel msoflios sasmeli wyali ara
aqvs da ratom ver daviwyeT aqamde wylis Camosxma, amas xom
neilon-celofanis boTlebi da martivi danadgarebi sWirdeba? fiqrobs vinme ramdeni aTasi dolari gvekargeba yoveldRe daRvrili mineraluri da Tundac ubralo wylebis saxiT?
xom ar keTdeba yvelaferi es Segnebulad, raTa kvlav ruseTze viyoT mibmul-mijaWvulni? ratom ver amuSavda Zalumad
TurqeT-iran-ukrainasTan dadebuli xelSekrulbebi? sad aris
iranis benzini, sad aris ukrainis xorbali, sad aris TurqeTis xorci da eleqtroenergia? im xelSekrulebebiT gaTvaliswinebul sxva punqtebs aRar CamovTvliT. ras akeTeben Cveni
saparlamento-samTavrobo delegaciebi yoveldRe rom gadian
Tbilisidan aT-aTkacian jgufebad (Tanmxleb pirebTan erTad), eswrebian msoflios sxvadasxva kuTxeSi uazro konferenciebs, mere seriozuli saxiT esaubrebian Jurnalistebs. TavianT did `misiaze~ umowyalod rom xarjaven gawvdili xeliT
da xSirad Tavmoyvareobis gaSvebis xarjze naSovn groSebs?
Cveni ekonomikuri samsaxurebis mTavari amocana axla ruseTTan darRveuli ekonomikuri kavSirebis mTlianad aRdgena
ki ar aris, rogorc amas gahyvirodnen, aramed gzebis Zieba,
raTa es kavSirebi sxva mezoblebzec gadanawildes. vici, es
ioli ar aris, magram unda mivaRwioT rogorme mxolod da mxolod ruseTze ar viyoT damokidebuli, Torem, ruseTi muqTad
erT marcvalsac ar mogvcems, sanacvlod igi kvlav dagimonebs.
roca SevardnaZis gadadgomaze Camovardeba sityva, viwro
Subliani beladismaZiebeli umalve wamoiyvirebs: vis xedavT
saqarTveloSi SevardnaZis Semcvlels, vin unda dadges sax-
207
elmwifos saWesTan, daviRupebiT uSevardnaZodo. es monis
filosofiaa da sxva araferi. gaixseneT wina xelisuflebis
monaTa isteriuli yvirili. gana erTi da igive ar aris? saqarTveloSi ver moZebni galaktionis Semcvlels, Torem politikuri xelmZRvanelis Semcvlels ra gamolevs. RmerTma nu
macxovros inteleqtisgan iseT daclil saqarTveloSi, sadac
orad ori kaci iqneba qveynis sworad warmmarTveli _ SevardnaZe `SevardnaZistebis~ azriT da gamsaxurdia `zviadistebis~
azriT. ufro didi gaugebrobaa Tu am pirT TviTve gauCndeba
Seucvlelobis sindromi. amas gandidebis mania hqvia.
Tu gaxsovT erT interviuSi gaz. `SansSi~ vTqvi: Tu SevardnaZe ver gamoasworebs saqarTvelos TavdaRmadaqanebul
politikur-ekonomikur saqmes, unda gadadges-meTqi. axlac am
azrisa gaxlavarT. sxva sakiTxia, rodis da ra formiT unda
moxdes.
jer saqarTveloSi omia. Tu omi wavageT, an saqarTvelosTvis wamgebiani xelSekrulebiT (rasac afxazeTis dakargva mohyveba) davamTavreT, SevardnaZes Cveni Tqmac ar unda dasWirdes, ise unda gaecalos saxelmwifos saWes. aseve, qveyana
Tu kidev ufro daimSa da ekonomikuri krizisidan saqarTvelos gamoyvanis gzebi ver moiZebna, SevardnaZe rogorc gakotrebuli politikosi, am SemTxvevaSic unda gadadges.
magram marto SevardnaZe? mTeli xelisufleba unda gadadges.
Tanac xelisufleba unda gavafrTxiloT, rom saqarTvelos
omi dReSi ocdaaTi milioni maneTi ujdeba da qarTvelTa moTminebis fiala aivso. SeiZleba dReebi da Tveebi ar davniSnoT,
magram usasrulo vadas rom ver mivcemT, es faqtia.
iluzia da Tavis motyuebaa imis Tqma, rom SevardnaZe da
misi razmi Tu gadavayeneT da gandevnili xelisufleba dabrunda _ meore dResve damTavrdeba omi da afxazeT-samaCablosac
maSinve dagvibruneben. ase rom iyos, saqarTvelos Segnebuli
mtrebi gvyolia dRes saTaveSi, rom jiutad sxedan saufroso
kabinetebSi. samwuxarod ar aris ase, magram uamravi ram rom
eSleba Cvens xelisuflebas da samegrelos Semosarigebladac
mxolod uefeqto, uniaTo nabijebs dgams _ esec faqtia.
dRevandeli xelisuflebis saboloo damarcxebamde an
saboloo gamarjvebamde rom didi dro araa darCenili amas
yvela xedavs. swori aRmoCndeba maTi gaTvlebi _ pirveli me
davukrav taSs, Tu sabolood gairkveva, rom CixSi moamwyvdies
qveyana, ra Tqma unda, guli damwydeba da pirvelad mewyineba
cxovrebaSi, rom Cemi prognozebi gamarTlda.
RmerTma dagvifaros xelisuflebis Secvlis im nacadi xerxisgan, SarSanwin rom mivmarTeT. arc quCaSi gamosvlis da
bRavil-demonstraciebis momxre var. roca sazogadoebrivi
azri momwifdeba da amas `Zlierni ama qveynisani~ pirvelni
igrZnoben, maT unda eyoT goniereba umsxverplod, skamisTvis
jiuti CabRauWebis da iaraRian damcvelTa moxmobis gareSe
wavidnen. RmerTma nu manaxos kidev erTxel sangrebad qceuli
rusTavelis prospeqti.
ar gagikvirdeT am intervius kritikuli paTosi: Cems mwerlur movaleobad vTvli arsebuli xelisuflebis xotbas ki
ara, mis gakritikebas, raTa, Cemi fiqriT, ufro keTil, ufro
saqveyno, ufro gonier saqmeebs mivadevno igi.
momavalSi? me ufro didi imedi maqvs im parlamentis, romelic xval-zeg mova, romelSic imer-ameris arCeuli, Serigebuli, mTliani saqarTvelos mier arCeuli deputatebi iqnebian,
upiratesad axalgazrdebis sufTa xelebiT, sufTa biografiiT, sufTa sindisiT mosulni politikaSi.
zogierT wreebSi dRes saqarTveloSi erovnul ideologiaze saubari provincializmad iTvleba. swored esaa Cveni damRupveli. ers Tavisi erovnuli ideologia Tu ar gaaCnia, is
eri ar aris. erovnuli ideologia swored rom erovnuli xasiaTidan, eris istoriidan, misi interesebis specifikidan unda
gamomdinareobdes. Cveni erovnuli ideologia aris SexedulebaTa is kompleqsic, rac sWirdeba dRes saqarTvelos gadasarCenad.
roca am oTxi wlis winaT sazogadoeba `Tvistomi~ Seiqmna da saqveynod gavyvirodiT, nu iqceva saqarTvelo internacionalur poligonad, internacionaluri eqsperimentebis
sasinj qvad, usazRvro, uWiSkro gamsvlel ezod, sadac SeiZleba dasaxldes yvela Semoxetebuli gadamTieli-meTqi, esec
kuTxurobisken, nacionalizmisken mowodebad miaCndaT da `internacionalistebi~ umowyalod makritikebdnen. axlac Tavi
208
14. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
209
mogvaqvs, rom yvelaze `internacionalisturi respublika~
varT da rac dagvmarTa qarTuli miwebis xelaRebiT darigebam, mSvenivrad vxedavT. rusma SeZlo Cvens winaaRmdeg swored
Cvens ubeSi SeyuJuli stumrebis amxedreba da swored maTi
`wyalobiT~ wagvarTva Cveni istoriuli miwebi.
Tu gons ar movegeT, Cveni Tavi ar vicaniT da Cvens miwebs fasi ar davdeT, Tu ar gavmravldiT da saqarTvelos
sazRvrebi ar gavamagreT, as weliwadSi Tundac yvelaferi
mSvidobianad warimarTos (gareSe mtrebma Tu ar dagvipyres)
saqarTvelos mSvidobiani demografiuli aneqsia karzea momdgari. as weliwadSi Cveni da Cveni stumrebis gamravlebis tempiT Tu vimsjelebT, saqarTveloSi qarTvelebi 44 procenti
aRmovCndebiT, e. i. qarTvel prezidents veRar avirCevT.
ai, risTvisaa saWiro gamravleba da erovnuli gamofxizleba.
amis gamxela, am saSiSroebaze miTiTeba dRes zog `politikoss~ utaqtobad miaCnia, sergo orjonikiZesac ase egona.
`rac ar unda kacma malos, Wiri Tavsa ar damalavs~, da
maS ufro xmamaRla, ufro gabedulad vilaparakoT saqveyno
satkivarze.
3 ivlisi, 1993 w.
RvTis gulisaTvis SeCerdiT!
saqarTvelos albaT istoriis manZilze 1993 welze uaresi
weli ar hqonia. damewmuneT, amas Cemi piradi ganwyobileba ar
malaparakebs. saqarTveloSi datrialebuli ubedureba albaT
Cems ojaxzec unda ganawilebuliyo. ase surda gangebas da me
meamayeba, rom Cemi erTaderTi Svili samSoblosTvis daiRupa.
magram Cven sxva vikiTxoT. me giTxariT 1993 yvelaze mZime
weli iyo-meTqi. Cvens Tvalwin saqarTvelos istoriiis mTeli tragedia gaTamaSda SesaZleblobaTa kvadratSi. devnilltolviloba saqarTvelosTvis axali araa. Sah-abasma 140
aTasi qarTveli gadaasaxla fereidanSi. magram rogorc istorikosebi amboben, swored rom gadaasaxla da sxva araferi,
misca maT dro da saSualeba, urmiT Tu marxiliT, cxeniT Tu
210
joriT, Tan waeRoT yvelaferi, rac surdaT, da saqonelic
gaerekaT. Cvens Tvalwin afsua-CeCen-rusTa gamZvinvarebulma
urdom 300 aTasamde qarTveli gamoyara (am sityvis pirdapiri
mniSvnelobiT) TavianTi istoriuli samosaxlodan da umowyalod gaswira Tovlian-yinulian bilikebze saxetialod. es
SemaZrwunebeli epopea samudamod darCeba istoriaSi, rogorc
qarTveli eris golgoTis gza. warmoidgineT, ra masala aqvs
mwerals, istorikoss, kinematografists am movlenis ukvdavsayofad. SemaZrwunebelia is mwiri dokumenturi kadrebic ki,
Cven rom vixileT. Tundac erTi devnili ojaxis istoria rom
asaxos mweralma (dedas rom sami Svili xelze gaeyina, meoTxe viRacas miaCeCa da TviTon kldidan gadaixvewa), es iqneb
ufro tragikuli nawarmoebi iyos, vidre antikuri Tu Semdgomdroindeli tragediebi axsovs literaturas. ulmobelma
epoqam, mogexsenebaT, arc es gvakmara. sisxlnaynosni, gabruebul-daretianebulni, afxazeTis omSi damarcxebulni da dedlurad gamoqceulni, erTmaneTs daverieT da araCveulebrivi
sisastikiT, kbilTa RrWialiT, veluris gemosCatanebiT vxocavT erTmaneTs.
viRacam Tqva: ase mamacurad da erTgulad, rogorc erTmaneTs vebrZviT, afsua-CeCnebis winaaRmdeg rom gvebrZola,
albaT gavimarjvebdiTo. ver gavimarjvebdiT. es saqmeSi
Cauxedavi, gulubryvilo kacis naTqvamia. ver gavimarjvebdiT
imitom, rom afxazeTis omSi winaswar viyaviT ganwirulni. Cven
vebrZodiT rusis jars, am armiis winaSe ki mTeli msoflio
Zrwis. 27 ivliss Cvenve davTmeT soxumi, ukanaskneli mbJutavi
imedi afxazeTis SenarCunebisa, Cvenve movawereT xeli xelSekrulebas, romlis ZaliTac 10_12 dReSi unda gagveyvana mZime
teqnika da gaviyvaneT kidec rusis gemebis daxmarebiT. soWis
xelSekrulebis xelmoweramde ramdenime dRiT adre mweralTa
kavSirSi ganvacxade (da televiziiTac gadaica): nu movawerT
xels xelSekrulebas, Torem afsua-rusebi ar Seasruleben da
soxums davkargavT-meTqi. xolo xelmoweris Semdeg davwere
werili, sadac vambobdi, am xelSekrulebiT Cven kapitulacia
gamovacxadeT-meTqi. warmoidgineT, Tavisufali presis Cvens
epoqaSi es patara werili arc erTma gazeTma, oficialurma
Tu naxevrad oficialurma, ar damibeWda.
211
me afxazebTan damarcxebaSi veravis gavamtyuneb. im xelSekrulebaze xelmowerac iZulebiTi nabiji iyo. esengeSi Sesvlac
iZulebiTi nabijia. rusma ulmobeli sisastikiT dagvamarcxa
da damarcxebul-dabeCavebuls, rogorc surs ise gvatrialebs.
rusma am saukuneSi meored dagvimona. pirveli damonebis dros
(1918_1921) 111 aTasi kv. kma-dan 44 aTasi kv. km. wagvarTva. damoukideblobis meore wreze (1990_1993) rusma 25 aTasi kv. km.
wagvarTva (afxazeTi da samaCablo) da dagvitova mxolod 42
aTasi, magram isic dagvitova?! rusis iaraRiT SeiaraRebulgamarjvebuli CeCeni da afsua afxazeTidan Cvens gamoyras ar
dasjerda da zed quTaisis WiSkramde mogvdia. iqneb xsna marTlac esengeSi SesvlaSi aris-meTqi, vifiqre erTi Tvis win, magram bolo drois movlenebma amaSic damaeWva. Cans, russ Cveni
ganxalxeba, qarTveli eris da saqarTvelos mospoba ganuzraxavs, Torem ukve esengeSi TiTqmis Sesuls ise ar gagvwiravda,
rom uReltexili ar Caeketa da iqidan konfederaciis kaciWamiebi saqarTveloSi ar SemoeSva. rao, uZluria rusis armia
CeCen-yabardoel-Cerqez-adiReelTa momTabare urdoebis winaSe? es yvelaferi winaswari gegmiT keTdeba. am gegmis nawili
gaxldaT is meaTase Ralati, rusma Cveni CrdiloeTi WiSkari _
Tavisive saxl-kari rom ar daicva da iqidan Tavisi moqalaqeebi, kazak-CeCenTa marbieli laSqari SemouSva saqarTveloSi.
gTxovT sworad gamigoT, esengeSi Sesvlis momxre maSin
viqnebi, Tu rusi afxazeTs da samaCablos dagvibrunebs. jerjerobiT ki afxazeT-samaCablodan gamorekili Cveni TanamoZmeebis TavianT miwaze dabrunebas kargi piri ar uCans da me,
qarTveli mwerali, Tavis mokvlis xasiaTze vdgebi, sicivegamefebul derefnebsa da quCabandebSi ltolvilebis SimSilisagan gamoRamebul Tvalebs rom vucqer. Tavi miskdeba, imdens vfiqrob saqarTvelos bedze da zogjer erTi SexedviT
absurdul, utopiur daskvnamdec ki mivdivar _ Cven am miwaze
Cveni `sayvareli~ mezoblebi, sul erTia, mainc ar gagvaxareben, dRes Tu xval, kanibaluri sisastikiT mogviReben bolos.
axla Tu Cvens sisxls svamen, xval Cven Zvlebs daxraven da
(gTxovT ar gagecinoT) xom ar gadavsaxlebuliyaviT aqedan
qarTvelebi sadme Soreul, magram uxifaTo adgilas, Tundac
avstraliaSi?
212
me Cveni ubedobis yvela niuanss vuZebni axsnas Cveni geopolitikuri mdgomareobidan gamomdinare. magram erTi ver
amixsnia _ Sina omi, ZmaTa omi. kargad vici, samoqalaqo omebi
aTwleulobiT mZvinvarebda sxvadasxva dros, Cvenze ufro
civilizebul erebSi, magram nuTu istoriis gakveTilebma veraferi gvaswavla? momZulda Tavi, aRar mjera ybadaRebuli
sityva `inspirirebulisa~. es samoqalaqo omi, imdenad inspirirebuli ara, ramdenadac Cveni Sinagani bunebidan da zogi
vai-politikosis ambiciuri xasiaTidan gamomdinarea. RvTis
gulisaTvis SeCerdiT, minda viyviro mTeli saqarTvelos gasagonad, magram Cemi xma, samwuxarod, aravis esmis. erTmaneTis
xocviT saqarTvelos genofonds vaqrobT, ese igi Cvens ers
Tavad vuspobT momavals. erTi patara detali: Cvens sainformacio saSualebebSi zogjer Tvalyurs mokravT gancxadebas:
`gaimarTa xobTan gaafTrebuli brZola samTavrobo jarebsa
da eqsprezidentis momxreebs Soris. mowinaaRdegem gamoiyena
Svidi erTeuli saomari teqnika. brZolis Sedegad Cvenebma
gaanadgures ukanono formirebaTa ori tanki, erTi `bmp~ da
erTi javSnosani manqana. aris `msxverpli~. jer erTi, Svidi
erTeuli saomari teqnika ra ubedurebaa, magram eg araferi,
dawvrilebiT vauwyebT mkiTxvels saomari teqnikis Sesaxeb,
xolo gardacvlilebze ubralod vambobT, aris msxverplio.
da is `msxverpli~ swored Cveni udanaSaulo Svilebia, romel
mxarezec ar unda ibrZodnen isini, ZmaTa omSi CaTreuli Cveni
Tvalis sinaTle da eris momavali. gamofxizldiT qarTvelno,
istoriis veSapi Casaylapad gvepareba. saqarTvelos istoriaSi
am yvelaze saSinelma 1993 welma, iqneb mainc gamogvafxizlos
da gagvaerTianos.
6 noemberi, 1993 w.
`dakargeT 5 wuTi CemTvis~
Tqveni fiqriT afxazeTSi ZiriTadad rusi gvebrZodao? mekiTxebian gulubryvilo moqalaqeni.
213
amas didi mixvedra ar sWirdeba. me vfiqrob, Rrmad cdebian, an Segnebulad ayalbeben simarTles isini, vinc wamdauwum
gahyviris _ ukeTesad rom gvebrZola, gavimarjvebdiTo. rao,
ruseTs davamarcxebdiT? movereodiT rusis jars, romelic
dResac msoflios azanzarebs? nu vuqmniT qarTvels afsuaCeCneTTan omSi damarcxebis sindroms, Cven rusis uZlevelma
armiam gvZlia. es sapatio damarcxebaa.
Tu asea, ratom idga saswaulebrivad soxumi mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi? ruseTis jars gauWirda soxumis erTbaSad aReba?
rusis jari soxumis aRebas sami mizezis gamo ayovnebda:
1. surda, rac SeiZleba meti qarTveli, afsua da Crdilokavkasieli Sewirvoda am oms. `kavkasiel velurTa~ fizikuri
mospoba xom imperiis interesebSi Sedis. 2. afxazeTis omSi
qarTvelTa neli ganadgurebiT russ surda ilaji gaewyvita,
sasowarekveTa qarTveli erisaTvis, raTa bolos da bolos
erTxmad SevsuliyaviT sng-Si. 3. soxums ar tovebda SevardnaZe. mterma kargad icoda, rom SevardnaZe msoflio figuraa
da misi xelyofa msoflioSi avad gaxmaurdeboda.
samSvidobo Zalebi? gaero? evroparlamenti? aki didi imedi gvqonda qarTvelebs saerTaSoriso institutebisa!
msoflio lamis gulgrili aRmoCnda saqarTvelos tragediis mimarT. gameorda igive Secdoma, rac msofliom 1921
wels dauSva. zesaxelmwifoebi gauyuCdnen saqarTveloze
SurisZiebiT gamZvinvarebul ruseTs _ yurze xeli miifares
da Tvals gvaridebdnen. esec Seni dasavleTi. Segvagulianes,
Tvali gvipaWunes, TavisuflebisaTvis gangvawyves da mere pilatesaviT xeli daibanes. qarTuli andaza agvixdines `Txa
aqes, adides da mgels SeaWameso~.
kategoriulad ar veTanxmebi zogi Cveni politikosis paToss SinaRalatze. davaneboT Tavi calkeuli pirebis, sajariso formirebebis da Tundac regionebis moRalated
gamocxadebas. amiT ers vaRizianebT da qveyana saboloo
daSlisaken migvyavs. SeiZleba SiSis, sifrTxilis faqtorma
imuSava, magram moRalateebs me qarTvelTa Soris ver vxedav.
vinc gaiZaxis `gviRalateso~, is eris gaerTianebis momxre ar
aris. ra logikaa uTxra kacs `marTalia Sen moRalate xar,
magram, modi, mainc gaverTiandeTo~.
214
da mainc Cven ubrZolvelad ver davTmobdiT qarTul miwebs. es omi istoriisaTvis iyo saWiro. istoria ki am oms ruseT-saqarTvelos oms daarqmevs.
ratom ar vacxadebT amas msoflios gasagonad?
me vfiqrob, dRes saqarTveloSi (da me mgonia, msoflioSi)
ar arsebobs kaci, es rom ar icodes. rac Seexeba gamocxadebas
_ ager xom gamovacxade da Cemamde araerTma aRniSna. Tqven
gindaT maincdamainc SevardnaZem da goguaZem gamoacxadon?
aq saqme sxvagvaradaa. rasac me, mwerali revaz miSvelaZe vityvi, imas saxelmwifos saTaveSi myofni ver ityvian. ityvian
da karg Citsac dagvaWerinebs ruseTi. sng-Si rom Cveni SeTreva iZulebiTi iyo, Cemze kargad es saxelmwifos xelmZRvanelebma ician. Tqven rogor fiqrobT, marTla samoqalaqo
omi iyo saqarTveloSi SarSan oqtomberSi? ar daijeroT. ruseTma afsua-CeCnebs xelisuflebaze gagulisebuli qarTvelebic daumata da afxazeT-samaCablos warTmeva rodi gvakmara
_ quTaiss moadga da or-sam dReSi Tbilissac aiRebda. es imas
niSnavs, rom Zirianad gvTxrida, saqarTvelos axladmokvirtuli saxelmwifos mTlianad waSlas apirebda. mogvamwyvdia
CixSi, saidanac gamosavali ar iyo da mxolod sng-s kakanaTSi
unda gagveyo Tavi. amitomac winaaRmdegi var, saqarTvelos es
Savbneli mdgomareoba konkretul pirovnebebs gadavabraloT.
ra Secdomebi davuSviT am meore samwliani (pirveli _ 191821) damoukideblobis periodSi? ikiTxavs mkiTxveli.
ucxoeTis kapitals kari farTod ar gavuReT. ar davabandeT Cveni erovnuli simdidre dasavleTis bazrebze, ver
gavyideT aqciebi, kvlav ruseTis xelSemyure davrCiT da
dampyrobeli axla Tavis gzadabneul vasals, rogorc surs
ise gvepyroba. garda amisa, iolad wamovegeT rusis dagebul
maxeze eris gaTiSvis mimarTulebiT. dabneulebma erTmaneTs
davuwyeT kortna.
samwuxarod, Cven ukve samaneTo zonaSi varT. ybadaRebuli
sacodavi kuponiT mxolod puris da gazeTis yidva SegviZlia.
erTi nabijic ar gadagvidgams kuponis gasamagreblad. samaneTo zonaSi SesvliT sabolood dagvirgvindeba imperiaSi Sebrunebis saZraxisi saqme.
ltolvil SurismaZieblebs, ufro konkretulad `afxaze-
215
Tis xsnis komitets~ ara Tu didi imediT vucqeri, maT Soris
baqiasa da mkvexaras ufro mets vxedav, vidre realurad saqmis
gamkeTebels. erT faqts mogaxsenebT: amaswinaT griboedovis
TeatrSi afxazeTidan devnilTa Sekreba iyo. oratorebi scenidan sityviT cecxls anTebdnen, brZolisaken mouwodebdnen
TanamemamuleT. yvelam iaraRi unda aviRoT da Tavganwirulad vekveToT metoqeso, viRacam rom daiZaxa, am mgznebare
mowodebas darbazSi didi enTuziazmi ar gamouwvevia, magram
unda genaxaT, ra taSi dascxes erTi oratoris winadadebaze:
daviqiravoT boevikebi da vabrZoloTo.
cudad meniSna es ambavi.
axla, rogorc iciT afsua-rusTa laSqari svaneTs gvarTmevs. jaba ioselianma televiziiT ganacxada: ltolvil raindTa Soris asi kacic ver vipoveT, WirSi Cavardnil svanTa
dasaxmareblad rom wavidnen, saxalxo molaSqreTa doneze vicavT dalis xeobaso.
esa varT sul?
naxavT afxazeTidan gamoyrili samasi aTasi ojaxidan naxevari Tavisi nebiT ar dabrundeba mSobliur miwaze. SiSs Turme
didi Tvalebi aqvs.
Sefasebis xaziT yvelaferi rigze dadgeba, Tu am oms Tavis namdvil saxels _ 1992-93 wlebis ruseT-saqarTvelos oms
vuwodebT, ruseTma dagvsaja Tavisuflebisa da damoukideblobis survilisaTvis. dagvsaja sastikad: mogvikla ocdaaTi
aTasi patrioti, samasi aTasi mosaxle saSineli sisastikiT
gamoyara Tavisi istoriuli samSoblodan da saqarTvelos
waarTva 25 aTasi (afxazeTi, samaCablo) kvadratuli kilometri. am `pativiscemas~ saqarTvelo arasodes dauviwyebs
`keTil, ufros Zmas~.
meore, humanuri ruseTi albaT arsebobs, magram igi jer
ar Cans asparezze. Cven, amjerad elcinis da graCovis ruseTma
dagvsaja.
meti sabuTi raRa gindaT; esengeSi SevediT, saZmo xelSekrulebas xeli movawereT. elcins TbilisSi dabadebis dRe gadavuxadeT, gavacileT da meore dRes afsuebma Tovlsa da
yinvaSi adamianTa sasikvdilod ganwirva-devniT `gaasufTaves~
galis raioni.
216
ase rom, saqarTvelos bolomde gaTelvis, bolomde daCoqebis politikas ruseTi erTgulad ganagrZobs.
ver gamigia, Tavs ratom vityuebT; ruseTs Tu unda, erTi
konfederanti-yaCaRi ver Camova afxazeTSi (saqarTvelos
miwaze), ruseTs Tu unda, or dReSi samasi aTasive devnili
daubrundeba Tavis miwas.
SevardnaZem kargad icis, rom rusebma mokle xanSi igi samjer sasikvdilod gawires. pirvelad, roca mis Tvimfrinavs
esroles da meTauri bewvze gadarCa, meored, roca 27 ivlisis
xelSekrulebiT mwared moatyues da soxumi Tavze daamxves.
mesamed, roca samoqalaqo omis inspirireba uzrunvelyves.
ramdenadac vici, erovneba kazaki jer ar arsebobs. igi rusia
_ arc meti arc naklebi.
soxumis aReba moskovSi iyo gadawyvetili. Cveni samxedro
xelisuflebis Secdoma ki is aris, rom situacias alRo ver
auRo. ver gaaanaliza movlenebi. ra didi mixvedra undoda
imas, rom mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi rusuli avia-gamanadgureblebi soxums bombavdnen, e. i. rusi afsuas exmareboda. Cvens
xelisuflebas unda moewodebina qarTveli mosaxleobisaTvis, organizebulad daetovebina soxumi da oCamCire da galSi gamagrebuliyo. iqneb, am gziT galic dagvecva da mosaxleobis qonebac gadagverCina. amis nacvlad atyuebdnen xalxs _
soxumi saimedod aris daculi, nu geSiniaTo. ai, ra badebs
eWvs.
gaeros gakeTebuli saqme miCveneo _ qilikoben zogni. gaeros, roca unda, arc ruseTis eSinia da Tavis saqmesac mSvenivrad akeTebs, xom naxeT, urCobisaTvis natom orjer
dabombviT dasaja serbebi. oci aTasze meti samSvidobo jariskaci hyavs bosnia-hercogovinaSi gaeros. saqarTvelos ki
ori aTasi jariskacis gamogzavnazec uari gviTxra.
rogorc Cans, gaanawyena ruseTis TviTnebobam (bosniahercogovina, baltiispireTi, natoSi axali wevrebis miRebaze
uaris Tqma...) dasavleTi da saWirod CaTvala Wkuis swavlebis
gakveTilebi Cautaros. Tu 1993 wlis oqtomberSi gulgrili
iyo dasavleTi saqarTvelos tragediis mimarT, Tu amerikaSi
vizitis dros msoflios demokratiul moZraobaze amagdar
SevardnaZes uSiSroebis sabWom erTgulebis speqtakli Cau-
217
tara da TxuTmeti dRis Semdeg yovelgvar politikur logikas moklebuli dadgenileba moayola afxazeTSi samSvidobo
jarebis Seyvanisagan Tavis Sekavebis Sesaxeb, axla, me mgonia,
gaerom da amerikam odnav Seicvales pozicia saqarTvelos
mimarT. es imdenad saqarTvelos siyvaruliT ar mosdiT, ramdenadac ruseTs ewinaaRmdegebian, Tavis survilSi xelaxla
Seakowiwos sabWoTa kavSiri. ruseTs xom saqarTvelos xelaxali okupaciisaTvis gaerosagan milionobiT dolaris miReba
surda.
SevardnaZe xSir SemTxvevaSi uZluria. igi im andazis kozakis mdgomareobaSia, aqlemebi rom waikidnen da kozaki
gaWylites. roca imperiis saTaveSi iyo da didi politikuri
frTebi hqonda, SevardnaZem urigod rodi Seasrula Tavisi
roli. ruseTma dRemde ver apatia mas borotebis imperiis
darRvevisTvis xelis Sewyoba, axla ra unda qnas SevardnaZem?
saqarTvelo didi msoflio politikis msxverplia. gaixseneT
SevardnaZis depeSa elcinis saxelze gagzavnili 1993 wlis 16
seqtembers: gamagebineT, ra daaSava Cemma samSoblom. nuTu
mxolod is, Tavisufleba rom moisurvao... ratom gaswireT
ase. iZulebuli var wavide da SiSveli xelebiT davicva soxumio. Tqven ggoniaT, didad moewonebodaT imperiis mesveurebs
SevardnaZis gamosvlebi gaeroSi, pentagonSi misvla an natos
samSvidobo partniorobaSi saqarTvelos Sesvla? Tqven ggoniaT, ase advilad iviwyebs imperia SevardnaZis `nacionalistur
Secdomebs?~ ar arian marTalni isini, vinc joxis erTi kacis
Tavze gadatexvas cdiloben.
Cven urigo parlamenti ara gvaqvs. gansakuTrebiT opoziciis zogi wevris gamosvla momwons. isini TandaTanobiT Camoyalibdnen gamocdil, obieqtur, mgznebare politikosebad.
magram xandaxan rom vusmen, mgonia zogs istoriaSi Tavisi
poziciis dafiqsireba ufro ainteresebs, vidre qveynis Svela. magaliTi? sam dRes ganixilavdnen ukve xelmoweril oTxmxriv SeTanxmebas. ar sjobda is energia, ramdenime dRiT adre
xelSekrulebis momzadebaze daexarjaT? xeli ar miuwvdaT?
Sesuliyvnen SevardnaZesTan, kategoriulad moeTxovaT komisiaSi opoziciis warmomadgenlebis CarTva. ramdenadac me vicnob, SevardnaZe aseT dros ar gajiutdeba da uars ar ityvis.
218
umravlesobisa ar momwons lamis usityvo, jiuti erTguleba `saerTo kursisadmi~. xandaxan erTmaneTsac xom ar unda
daeTanxmon raRacaSi. sxdomaze xSirad iseTi STabeWdileba
rCeba, rom umravlesobis warmomadgenlebi erTmaneTis gamosvlasac ar usmenen: `Cvenia? ese igi yvelafers swors ityvis~.
Cvens erovnul ubedurebas isic emateba, rom qarTvelebi
samSoblodan garbian. da vin garbis? ZiriTadad axalgazrdoba, imaTi Tanatolebi, vinc samSoblo miwas ukanasknel sisxlis wveTamde icavda. saxelmwifom araferi gaakeTa axalgazrdobis sulis gasalamazeblad. vatyueT yoveli fexis nabijze.
vatyueT _ demokratias mogitanTo da uzurpaciis qurqi
CamovacviT, samSoblo daicaviTo da ruseTis jaris winaaRmdeg usardlo-ukompromiso omSi CavabiT. afxazeTs dacemis
saSiSroeba ar emuqrebao da ganiaraRebuli biWebi mkvlelebis
anabara davagdeT, Tqvens Rvawls davafasebTo da daRupulTa col-Svils pensiac ver davuniSneT, xolo xeibrebi RvTis
anabara mivatoveT. hoda, dakarga rwmena zogma axalgazrdam.
rwmena marto xelisuflebisadmi ki ara, momavlis rwmena dakarga, rac yvelaze ufro saSiSia. aiRo avtomati da Saragzis
Tulad iqca.
sazogadoebaSi SeimCneva saocari gaucxoveba da amave dros
auxsneli TviTdajerebuloba. yvelam yvelaferi icis, yvela
yvelaferSi erkveva. diletantizmi mefobs. Tanac Tavneba,
utifari diletantizmi, Torem mokrZalebul diletantizms
kidev ara uSavs. erT magaliTs getyviT: Segxvdeba quCaSi moqalaqe da getyvis: gicaniT b-no revaz, me Tqven did pativs
gcemT. Tu kaci xarT, dakargeT 5 wuTi CemTvis, gamarkvieT
ra xdeba, saiT mivdivarTo. agaSena RmerTma, fiqrob gulSi,
kidev SemorCenila qarTveli, visac sxvisi azri ainteresebs.
mouxmob mexsierebas, daZabav gonebas da dauwyeb laparaks, eubnebi Sens mokrZalebul azrs movlenebze. uecrad SeamCnev,
rom ar gismens. iqneb meCvenebao, fiqrob, da ganagrZob, magram
ucnobi moqalaqe uecrad TviTonve iwyebs RaRadiss. Turme
mas Seni azri sruliadac ar aintersebda. Seni saxiT msmeneli
(Tanac cota avtoritetiani msmeneli) ipova. Cagavlebs xels
da Cagyviris. biWi xar da rameSi ar daeTanxmo; provokatoris
da uvicis daZaxebas Tavi gaanebe, madlobeli iyavi, Tu SantaJi
219
ar mogiwyo da panRuriscemiT ar mogiSora. es aris lamis tipiuri suraTi ori qarTvelis urTierTobis.
am apokalisfur droSi CemTvis yvelaferi gasagebia, magram albaT ise Caval saflavSi, rom verasodes gavigeb, ratom esrodnen qarTvelebi erTmaneTs saSineli kbilTaRrWialiT 1993 wlis oqtomberSi da ratom gauyuCda keTili nebis
msoflio dedamiwaze datrialebul ubedurebaTa Soris erTerTi yvelaze saSinels, kodor-Wuberis epopeas. verc Jurnalistebma gaaSuqes saTanadod es tragedia.
Cven uniWieresi Jurnalistebi gvyavs, magram samwuxarod
maTi uangaro Sroma saTanadod ar fasdeba. visac ar ezareba, yvela Wkuas aswavlis Jurnalists. ufro metic _ TiTsac
uqnevs maRali tribunidan. es dauSvebelia. surviliT is SeiZleba visurvo, rom meti damajereblobisaTvis presam oqros
zomierebis grZnoba ar unda dakargos. opozciurma presam xandaxan xelisuflebis kargi nabijis mimarT mxardaWerac unda
gamoamJRavnos, xolo oficiozma zogjer opoziciasac Tu ar
dauTmo tribuna, mkiTxveli mis mimarT interess dakargavs.
saerTod ki, Cveni Zma Jurnalistic iSviaTad rodi scodavs. ar varga Jurnalisturi winamaswaroba da daufiqrebeli
sensaciebi. maxsovs erTxans arZinba ar Canda, `gardacvlili
gaxldaT da moskovis erT-erT morg-macivarSi iyo Senaxuli~,
mere iyo da `arZinba ar SeuSves gaeroSi~. sinamdvileSi, araTu SeuSves, gaeros SenobaSi preskonferenciac ki gamarTa da
uSiSroebis sabWos wevrTa did nawilsac Sexvda. axla yoveldRe vwerT: svanebi TavianT sacxovrebels ar tovebeno, iqve
oriode striqonis Semdeg mkiTxvels informacias vawvdiT,
quTaisis aeroportSi svaneTidan gamoqceuli ltolvilebis
teva ar aris. yoveldRe ltolvilTa axali nakadi Camogv­
yavso~. vis vatyuebT? Cven xom faqtiurad ltolvilTa dambinavebeli respublika varT. Cven xom, bolo ori wlis manZilze
mxolod mogvsdeven da gvcemen, Cven ki mxolod gamovrbivarT
da sxva araferi.
axla mTavaria bolomde ar CavefloT imperiis WaobSi, Cveni erovnuli atributebi da Tavisuflebis siyvaruli SevinarCunoT. ar SeiZleba momaval Taobebs movuspoT Cveni marcxis
gamosworebis saSualeba. iqneb xvalindelma saqarTvelom ar
220
moisurvos esengeSi yofna? msoflios udidesi saxelmwifoebi
yvelafers akeTeben, raTa ruseTi, rogorc agresori, daasuston da demokratiis ferxulSi Caaban. amerikis meTaurobiT
es saqme male dagvirgvindeba. ase rom, saqarTvelo male isev
daiZvrens Tavs ruseTis marwuxebisagan. Cvenma mtrulma garemocvam ar SegaSinoT. sxva msoflio mova. gavlenis sferoTa
sxva ganawileba Seva ZalaSi. iseT koaliciaSi aRmovCndebiT,
rom damoukidebelic viqnebiT da buzsac veravin agvifrens.
mTavaria erovnul saRaTas Zils ar mivceT Tavi da Tavisuflebis survili gulidan ar amovigdoT.
21 aprili, 1994 w.
imedis naperwkali rom ar bJutavdes
saqarTvelo umZimes dReSia. garda gulgatexilobisa, SimSilmac dagvria xeli.
TiTqmis yovelwliurad vaxerxebdi axali wignis gamocemas.
yvela wigns, romelsac Cemi gvari aweria, Tavisi biografia
aqvs. wignis dabadebas Tavisi dramatizmic axlda. iyo Widili
mTavlitTan Tu gamomcemlobasTan, Sesuliyo Tu ara esa Tu
is mamxilebeli nawarmoebi axal krebulSi. mere iyo ormxrivi
kompromisi da wignic daibadeboda xolme. axalma cxovrebam
sxva araerT sixarulTan erTad es sixarulic mogvispo. wignis
gamocema TiTqmis SeuZlebeli gaxda. mec da zogierTi Cemi
kolegac im zomamde mivediT am SimSilobis dros, rom gamomcemels vexvewebiT: uars vambobT honorarze, oRond gamoeciT
Cveni wigni, nu mogviWriT mkiTxvelTan misasvlel gzas. jerjerobiT mSveleli ar Cans. muSaobiT vmuSaobT imaze, razec
SarSan, erTi wlis win, aTi wlis win vmuSaobdi. vwer novelebs
Tanamedrove cxovrebaze, Cvens gauxarebel yofaze, saqarTvelos Tavisuflebis xelyofaze, vwer da valageb ujraSi. iSviaTze iSviaTad weliwadSi erTi-ori novelis dabeWdvas vaxerxeb. manqanaze gadabeWdvis saxsaric ar gamaCnia. ase rom, me,
da ara marto me, rogorc mwerali warsuli wlebis inerciiT
varsebob; axals, rasac vqmni, mkiTxvelamde ver aRwevs da mgo-
221
ni, RmerTo Segcode, arc mkiTxveli elodeba sulmouTqmelad
Cvens axal qmnilebebs.
Tanamedrove saqarTvelos mdgomareoba arc ise Zneli
dasaxasiaTebelia, rogorc ukanasknel xans politikosTa
gauTavebel diskusiebSi Cans. xelisuflebis zogierTi warmomadgeneli energiulad umalavs xalxs simarTles, Torem
mTelma msofliom Zalian kargad icis, rom 1992-93 wlebis
ruseT-saqarTvelos uTanasworo, sisxlismRvrel omSi, rogorc mosalodneli iyo, ruseTma gaimarjva da am saukuneSi
xelmeored daipyro saqarTvelo. Tu 1921 wls TebervalSi
me-11 armiam okupirebulyo saqarTvelo, 1993 wlis oqtomberSi rusis uZleveli armada foTis navsadgurSi 9 mrisxane
kreiseriT SemoiWra da saqarTvelo daipyro. sxva yvela SeTanxmeba da samegobro xelSekruleba ruseTTan, qarTvelTa
xelSewyobiTve gaformebuli, damorCilebuli, damarcxebuli
qveynis iZulebiTi nabijia da sxva araferi. me brals aravis vdeb, me mwerali var da movlenebs Cemi sarkmlidan vucqeri. saqarTvelos gadarCenis gzebs sxvebi sxvadasxvagvarad
xedaven, me ki mimaCnia, rom eris mizani da ideali Tavisufleba da damoukideblobaa, xolo yoveli nabiji, qveynis damoukideblobis xelyofisaTvis gadadgmuli _ eris survilis
winaaRmdeg wasvlas niSnavs. qarTuli filosofiis, qarTuli
mwerlobis, qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis mTeli istoria
TavisuflebisaTvis brZolis istoriaa. nebiT Tu uneblie
politikur marcxs xvalindeli saqarTvelo piruTvnelad
Seafasebs, dro yvelafers gansjis. guli imaze mwydeba, rom
zogierTi politikosi qarTvel ers TvalSi nacars ayris da
cdilobs, damarcxeba gamarjvebad moaCvenos. `ver maawonebT
karg ymasa, rac ar ujdeba WkvaSia~, _ uTqvams vaJa-fSavelas.
dagvipyro ruseTma, morCa da gaTavda, rad unda amas Selamazeba da ferumarili. vinc amas ar aRiarebs, igi erSi TavisuflebisTvis brZolis survils klavs. xom SeiZleba, Cvenma
Svilebma ar isurvon rusis tyveobaSi cxovreba. ra ufleba
gvaqvs, maT gzakvali avurioT, saqarTvelo monobas arc erT
saukuneSi ar Seguebia (eris saukeTeso nawilze mogaxsenebT),
arc axla Seurigdeba.
Cvens damarcxebaSi mTavari damnaSave es saSineli droa. ru-
222
seTma ar dagvTmo, piriqiT umkacresad dagvsaja Tavisuflebis
survilisaTvis. 1993 wels saqarTvelo arasodes daiviwyebs.
CemTvis absoluturad gaugebaria, ratom gagvwira rusma ase.
imperiis damqaSebma, axla rom ruseTis saTaveSi arian, erTi
wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos moukles 30 000 patrioti
mebrZoli da 300 000 mcxovrebi TavianTi mSobliuri miwidan
gamoyares, usaxlkarod datoves. 1921 wels imperiis karze
or qarTvels uzarmazari Tanamdebobebi eWira, maT SeeZloT
saqarTvelosTvis aecilebinaT me-11 armia, SevardnaZes ki es
ar SeeZlo. SevardnaZe samjer sasikvdilod gawires rusebma.
erTxel, rodesac mis TviTmfrinavs esroles Camosagdebad,
meorejer, rodesac 27 ivlisis xelSekrulebiT muxanaTurad
moatyues da soxumi Tavze daamxes, da mesamejer, rodesac
samoqalaqo omi mouwyves da ara marto samtredia-quTaisis,
aramed Tbilisis aRebiTac daemuqrnen. es yvelaferi mxolod
imitom xdeboda, rom saqarTvelos `urCi meTauri~ sng-Si Sesvlas agvianebda.
sajarod vacxadeb, sng-Si Sesvla borotebaa?
Tu im inerciis mixedviT vimsjelebT, ra inerciiTac esenges miaqaneben ruseTis dRevandeli xelisufalni, rasakvirvelia, borotebaa. sng rom iyos damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa
keTili nebis gaerTianeba, maSin am gaerTianebaSi Sesvla didad
saSiSi ar iqneboda saqarTvelosTvis, magram xom xedavT, Cvens
Tvalwin aSkarad mimdinareobs imperiis restavracia, xom xedavT, rogor dasaja imperiam tajikeTi, saqarTvelo da azerbaijani. ruseTi ukve gaRma gasul baltiispireTsac ki ebRauWeba da serbiasac boevikebs ugzavnis. ase rom, msoflios ara
hyavs axla ufro didi agresori, vidre imperiuli ruseTia.
nuTu absoluturad veraferi movigeT sng-Si SesvliT?
kiTxuloben.
Tu gnebavT erT `mogebas~ dagisaxelebT. moviwvieT elcini,
graCovi da maTi Tanmxlebni. saqarTveloSi elcins dabadebis
dRe gadavuxadeT, gulTbili sityvebi vuTxariT, erTguleba SevficeT. TviTonac guli auCuyda, Zveleburad erTguli
saqarTvelo rom ixila. gafrinda Tavis sataxto qalaqSi da
meore dRes TiTqos niSani misceso, afsuebma da konfederaciis yaCaRebma mTeli sisastikiT daiwyes galSi CarCenili qa-
223
lebis, bavSvebis da moxucebis wameba. TovlSi, yinvaSi fexSiSvelani gamodevnes isini istoriuli samurzayanodan. amaod
rekavda moskovSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifos meTauri. telefonTan arc elcini modioda, arc graCovi. zustad analogiuri situacia ganmeorda, rac soxumisa da gagris aRebis
dros moxda. gulubryvilobaa, TiTqos elcinma da graCovma ar icodnen galis tragediis Sesaxeb. cnoba maT am eniT
gamouTqmel vandalizmze 15 wuTis Semdeg magidaze edebodaT,
magram `ne viJu~-s nacad xerxs mimarTes da es maSin, rodesac
ruseTTan yovlismomcveli xelSekruleba gvqonda dadebuli
da sng-Sic saimedod viyaviT dabinavebuli. ra hqvia amas, Tu
ara zizRis gamomJRavneba saqarTvelos mimarT. ra hqvia amas
Tu ara muxTloba.
riTi gavanawyeneT?! xandaxan TxuTmetkacian mitingze
romelime patrioti rom wamoiZaxebs `gaumarjos Tavisuflebas Zirs borotebis imperiao?!~ iqneb imiT, rom aTastiraJian
opoziciur gazeTSi xandaxan statia gamoCndeba imperiis aRdgenis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli?! am ukanasknel wlebSi Tqven ver
damisaxelebT saqarTvelos parlamentis an mTavrobis verc
erT dokuments mimarTuls ruseTis winaaRmdeg. TviT yvelaze
ukiduresi opozicioneric ar qadagebs ruseTTan kavSiris
gawyvetas, piriqiT, sng-s Tavgadakluli mowinaaRmdegenic
yovelTvis ambobdnen: ruseTTan, rogorc Tanaswor saxelmwifosTan, normaluri, megobruli urTierToba davamyaroT,
iseTi rogoric TurqeTTan, iranTan, CineTTan, germaniasTan
gvaqvs damyarebulio.
rogorc Cans, ruseTis imperiam lamis daTmo baltiispireTi, magram saqarTvelos daTmobaze erTi wuTiTac ar
ufiqria. imperiam icis, rom sabolood mainc ver daaCoqebs
saqarTvelos. icis, rom qarTveli kaci gulidan ar amoiRebs
ruseTis klanWebisgan Tavis daxsnis ocnebas. amitomac dRes
ukve yvelasaTvis cnobilia, rom ruseTma saqarTvelos, rogorc saxelmwifos sabolood daSla, dangreva gadawyvita. daviT aRmaSeneblis dros saqarTvelo iyo 350000 kvadratuli
kilometri, me-20 saukunis dasawyisSi Cven mesamedze cota naklebi teritoria SemogvrCa _ 111000 kvadratuli kilometri.
am saukuneSi ruseTma jer CamogvaWra 44000 kv. kilometri,
nawili TviTon SeierTa, nawili mezobel qveynebs dauriga,
TiTqmis gagvanaxevra. 1992-93 wlebSi ruseT-saqarTvelos
omSi saqarTvelos damarcxebis Semdeg, ruseTma CamogvaWra
25000 kv. kilometri, diax, am saukuneSi ruseTma miaRwia imas,
rom saqarTvelos teritoria 111000-dan 51000-mde davida,
miTxariT aba, romelma mtrebma Caidines saqarTvelos mimarT
aseTi gaugonari katasrofulSedegebiani simxece? arabebma,
Turqebma, sparselebma Tu monRolebma?
rac dro gadis imedi ufro da ufro mewureba. Cven iseTi
veSapi gvazis Tavze, romlis SiSiTac mTeli msoflio Zrwis
da kankalebs. ruseTis xaTriT TviT Zlevamosili amerikac
da gaeroc Raribi naTesaviviT gvicqeris. xandaxan vfiqrob,
afxazeTis da samaCablos dabrunebis imdenive Sansi arsebobs, ramdenic tao-klarjeTis, soWis olqis, lores da saingilos dabrunebisa. e. i. Zalian cota TiTqmis mizeruli. es
xelovnurad gawelili sakomisio Sexvedra-raundebi drois
gayvanis politikas da satyuaras ufro hgavs. ra imedi unda
mqondes xelSekrulebisa, romelSic oCamCire-soxum-gudauTa-biWvinTaSi qarTvelTa dabrunebaze sityvac ar aris naTqvami, xolo galSi mxolod is qarTvelebi unda dabrundnen,
visac samSoblo miwis dasacavad ar ubrZolia. es yvelaferi
gana ubedureba ar aris? iqneb gaugebrobaa? xelSekruleba
damnaSaveebs mxolod qarTvel ltolvilebSi eZebs. kacobriobis winaaRmdeg arZinbas xrovis mier Cadenil danaSaulze
ki krintsac ar Zravs. vin unda gadaarCios afxazeTSi Tavis miwaze dasabrunebeli qarTvelebi? arZinbas xrovam?! `vai
sircxvilo, sadRa aris Seni siwiTle?!~ Zalian skeptikuri
vCanvar Cems fiqrebSi, gana faqtebiT ar vlaparakob?! gana
ar igrZnoba, rom gaeroc da dasavleTic bevrs ecadnen ganrisxebuli ruseTisaTvis saqarTvelosaTvis Tundac odnav
sasargeblo ram, WeSmaritebiT ganpirobebuli, gamoeTxovaT,
magram jerjerobiT veras gaxdnen. moaweres moskovSi xeli
xelSekrulebas. ukanmidevnebuli lampariviT iyo ukve xelmowerili teqstis ganxilva saqarTvelos parlamentSi da, rogorc yvela aqamde ruseT-gaeros SuamdgomlobiT dadebuli
xelSekruleba, esec utifrad dairRva. svaneTSi (araviTari
afxazeTis svaneTi ar arsebobs), sadac afsuas eqskursiazec
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15. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
225
ki arasodes daudgams fexi, rusis tankebze amxedrebuli
gadamTielebi qarTvelebs kvlav umowyalod anadgureben da
es xdeba mTeli msoflios Tvalwin. es xdeba elcin-graCovis
dasturiTa da xeldasmiT. damijereT, ruseTis survili rom
ar yofiliyo, arc soxums aiRebdnen da arc saqarTvelos xelaxali okupireba moxdeboda. ruseTis survili rom ar yofiliyo verc erTi konfederanti, garewari ver daadgamda
fexs afxazeTis miwaze. ai, axlac svaneTSi qarTvelTa winaaRmdeg mebrZoli ramdenime kazaki mokles da tyved aiyvanes.
vin arian, romeli saxelmwifos moqalaqeebi arian isini, rogor fiqrobT? gagigoniaT Tqven aqamde erovneba kazaki?
rusebi arian, rusebi.
me erovnuli saxelmwifos momxre var. arc TurqeTs, arc
irans, arc safrangeTs, arc germanias, arc amerikas TavianT farglebSi patar-patara gamogonili saxelmwifoebi ar
gaaCniaT. saqarTvelo erTiani saxelmwifo unda iyos, Tavisi
mravalerovani mosaxleobiT, magram Tu dRevandeli awewilaburduli situaciis gamo mcireoden daTmobebze wavalT, erTiani, monoliTuri saxelmwifos droSis qveS saqarTveloSi
SeiZleba gamoiyos mxareebi eTnikuri kuTxeebis mixedviT.
oRond yovelgvar politikur avtonomiaze uari unda iTqvas,
Cvenma konstituciam. avtonomiuri olqi, Tu avtorespublika
erovnuli saxelmwifos mucelSi Cadebuli iseTi naRmia, romelic adre Tu gvian usaTuod amoqmeddeba da axal problemebs gauCens Cvens Svilebs da SviliSvilebs.
saqarTvelos dRevandeli ubedurebis gamo Cems novelebsac, bunebrivia, sevda da wuxili moeZala. mkiTxvelebi xSirad
meubnebian iumoris grZnoba xom ar davkarge, Seni novelebi
politizirebuli gaxdao. albaT, nawilobriv marTalia, mwe­
rali mainc ganwyobilebis Svilia da mec am ganwyobilebas
ver gaveqeci. Tumca, ara mgonia ironia ar igrZnobodes Cems
axlaxans gamoqveynebul novelaSi `qionia~. yvelaferi iqidan
modis, rom me ver warmomidgenia mwerloba samSoblos bedze
Wmunvisa da mis yoveldRiurobaSi aqtiuri monawileobis gareSe. rac Seexeba satiras da ironias, igi Cemi novelebis stiluri xerxia da SeZlebisdagvarad yovelTvis mivmarTav. ar
vici, odesme gavxdebi Tu ara ufro imediani da mxiaruli. es
226
mxolod saqarTvelos momavalzea damokidebuli. Tu RmerTma
qna da sasikeTod gagviTenda, mec welSi gavimarTebi.
saqarTvelo, albaT, erTaderTi qveyanaa dedamiwaze, sadac
arsebobs erovnuli fulis surogati, romlis msyidvelobiTi unarianoba nulis tolia. me var universitetis kaTedris
gamge, profesori da amave dros Jurnal `Rimilis~ mTavari
redaqtori. orivegan erTad TveSi viReb 300000 kupons, es
aris Cemi mTeli Semosavali. Cemi mdgomareobis gamo me unda
viTvlebode sazogadoebis uzrunvelyofil nawilad. axla
Tqven warmoidgineT, ra mdgomareobaSi iqnebian sxvebi. gasaocaria qarTveli kacis moTmineba. man icis, rom qveyanas uWirs,
dRiTi dRe gadaswevs xolme qamris balTas, magram ar wuwunebs, quCaSi ar jdeba da ar tiris. SimSilma Tavmoyvareobis
grZnoba ver Cakla qarTvel kacSi. TiTo-orola qurdbacacebi
eris saxes ver qmnian da aseT erze xandaxan moufiqreblad
gaivlis xolme zogierTi umwifara da gaqsuebuli TviTmgvemi.
sastikad maRizianebs maTi `guluxvoba~. es ra saSineli, ra
gulnamceca, ra urTierTmoZule eri vyofilvarTo. ar aris
ase. qarveli eri Tavisis sidarbaisliT, sikeTiT, gamorCeuli
eri iyo saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi da aris axlac. daiwmindeba
politikuri amindi, dasavleTi daasrulebs mis mier aRebul
swor politikur-ekonomikur kurss, ruseTis imperiis TandaTanobiTi dasustebisas, raTa ruseTi Jirinovskis saxelmwifod, an iqces normalur, Tvinier, suverenul, Tavis kansa da
sazRvrebSi dateul saxelmwifod. moxdeba gavlenis sferoTa
xelaxali gadanawileba da ekonomikasac uswrafesad eSveleba.
saqarTvelos maRaziebic isev aivseba Semoziduli Tu adgilobrivi warmoebis produqtebiT, rogorc bunebrivi resursebiT
saqarTvelosTan SedarebiT Raribi TurqeTis maRaziebia avsebuli. saqarTvelos gamaTxovreba araviTar ekonomikur logikas ar emorCileba, es imperiis mier dagegmili xelovnuri
gamaTxovrebaa. isev da isev qarTvelis ilajis gawyvetisaken mimarTuli. manamde ki, Cven unda vibrZoloT Wkvianurad,
roca saWiroa moTminebiTac unda aRviWurvoT. monobas arc
erTi wuTiT ar unda SeveguoT, magram kedelsac Subli ar
unda vaxaloT. Cveni istoria, imis istoriaa, rom saqarTvelo
swored maSin daigrgvinebda, roca saWiro iyo, roca amisaTvis
saTanado istoriuli pirobebi arsebobda.
227
ufrosi Taobis zogierT warmomadgenels, Tavisi gansxvavebuli cxovrebis wesis gamo, zogjer eCveneba, rom axalgazrdoba mis imedebs ver amarTlebs. ukanaskneli wlebis movlenebma aravis ar unda dautovos am eWvis safuZveli. Cvenma
axalgazrdebma politikuri simwifis, samSoblos erTguli
dacvis magaliTi gviCvenes, ara marto magaliTi, aramed istoriuli gakveTili misces momaval Taobebs. ra ena unda mogibrundes, aseT axalgazrdebze augi wamogcdes kacs. es maSin xdeba, roca Cvenma sinamdvilem axalgazrdul optimizms
yovelmxriv Seakveca frTebi. jer iyo da erovnuli moZraobis imediT galaRebulebs provinciul-uzurpatoruli wyoba
SevTavazeT, mere samSoblos dasacavad rom gavuSviT, motyuebiT ganvaiaraReT, SiSveli xelebiT davtoveT mrisxane mtris
winaSe da bevri maTganis saflavic dagvekarga. axla, TiTqmis,
srulebiT ar vpatronobT daRupulTa da daWrilTa ojaxebs.
miuxedavad amisa, axalgazrdebi mainc siyvaruliTa da imediT
gvicqerian. me leqciaze rom Sevdivar, an axalgazrdaTa auditoriaSi gamovCndebi, mrcxvenia xolme ise sufTa da sayvarelni arian isini. amas vambob me, romelsac, reveransad
nu CamomarTmevT, maTTvis arc yalbi dapirebebi mimicia, arc
mrude sityva miTqvams da zogierTiviT isini swori erovnuli
fiqridan ganze ar gamityuebia. axla zogjer ukvirT axalgazrdebis masobrivi politikuri gaCumeba. me mgoni es politikur indiferentizms ki ar niSnavs, aramed qariSxlis win
Camovardnil avismomaswavebel siCumes.
rwmena mxolod morwmuneTaTvis aris yvelaferi, morwmuneni diaRac rom, `netar arian~, magram me vfiqrob, gamarTlebuli ar unda iyos romelime sarwmunoebis gauTavebeli propaganda sainformacio saSualebebidan sxva religiisadmi sruli
uyuradRebobis xarjze. me qristiani gaxlavarT, magram uaRresi mowiweba da pativiscema maqvs sxvaTa rwmenis, sxva religiebis mimarT da arasodes ar vcdilob an nawerebSi, an pirad
gamosvlebSi qristianobis uzesTaesobas, uWeSmaritesobas
gavusva xazi. msoflioSi aT milionamde qarTveli cxovrebis
da maT Soris naxevarze gacilebiT meti eqvsi milioni mahmadiania. aba, Tu waikiTxavT, an Tu mogismeniaT oficialuri
arxebiT mahmadianuri sarwmunoebis ama da am dResaswaulis
228
Sesaxeb; religias sazogadoebis cxovrebaSi Tavisi adgili
unda hqondes. arc meti, arc nklebi. gauTavebeli religiuri
propaganda zogjer ukuSedegs iRebs da imis saSiSroebasac
qmnis, risTvisac Cven ase umowyalod sworad vakritikebdiT
xolme marqsizmis propagandistebs. vinc morwmunea, is eklesiaSi TviTon miva da ilocebs. eklesiis msaxuris yoveldRe
televiziiT gamoyvana da mravalaTasiani litaniebis Tavidan
bolomde gadmocema, Cemi warmodgeniT, sxva religiis mimdevrebs gaaRizianebs da maincdamainc arc saqarTvelos erT
monoliTur muStad Sekvras Seuwyobs xels.
xandaxan gamagoneben an wamakiTxeben xolme, revaz miSvelaZem
samSoblos dacvas erTaderTi Svili Seswirao. eg ar aris marTali, me ar Semiwiravs, TviTon Seewira. 20 wlis biWma kargad
icoda, rasac akeTebda da razec midioda. omSi rom midioda,
yovelTvis cxared vkamaTobdiT. me veubnebodi Tavs gaufrTxildi, imperia gvebrZvis, soxums mainc aiReben-meTqi. mere rao,
ufro didi ubedureba iqneba, rom ar vibrZoloT da soxumi ise
CavabaroT mterso. me vici ruseTs ver davamarcxebT, magram
gana yvela omSi imarjvebda qarTveli? aseTi yofila Cveni istoriuli bedi da ras vizamTo, meorec, Sen mwerali, moRvawe
kaci xar da me saqarTvelos ar vaTqmevineb, revaz miSvelaZem
Tavisi Svili gadamalao. ase damexmara Cemi Svili, ase gamakeTilSobila man me Tavisi sikvdiliT. igi sxva biWi iyo, didi
guli hqonda. risxviT aenTeboda Tvalebi, roca saqarTvelos
miwebis xelyofas gaigonebda. misi sikvdili albaT Cemi bralic aris. Cems saxlSi saubari upiratesad saqarTvelos bedze
iyo, misTvis Tavdadebaze. guli mwydeba zogierTi politikosi
soxumSi qarTvelTa damarcxebas qarTvelebisve uniaTobiT da
RalatiT rom xsnis, es an politikuri sibeciT mosdiT, an Segnebulad amRvreven wyals. mteri soxums mainc aiRebda da afxazeTs mainc wagvarTmevda, radgan dabejiTebiT vimeoreb, es
iyo ruseT-saqarTvelos omi da sxva araferi. am omis yvela
monawile gmiria. patara saqarTvelo uzarmazar imperias SeebrZola da Rirseulad damarcxda. provokatorebi arian isini,
vinc qarTvelSi laCarsa da Zabunis sindroms nergavs. es miutevebi codvaa Cemi aCikos da aCikosTana biWebis winaSe.
me viqnebodi aTasgzis ufro ubeduri kaci Cems gulSi
229
imedi naperwkali rom ar bJutavdes. am imediT gulmocemuli gavdivar yoveldRe saxlidan. saqarTvelos mravalsaukunovani tanjuli istoriaa imis dasturi, rom Cven ar davileviT, ar gadavSendebiT, Cveni erovnuli geni Zlieria. mas jer
sibere ar Sehparvia. Tqveni, axalgazrdebis imedi ufro maqvs,
vidre Cemi Taobis. Tu Cven ver movaxerxebT am saukuneSi mesamed Tavisuflebis sarkmeli erTxel kidev gamovglijoT da
damoukideblobis nanatr haers mivuSviroT Subli, imas mainc
gavakeTebT, rom Tavisufleba SegayvaroT da misTvis brZola
dagidoT uorWofo anderZad.
13 maisi, 1994 w.
Tu xelisufleba moindomebs
mZime socialur-politikurma mdgomareobam da ekonomikurma siduxWirem noyieri niadagi Seqmna erovnuli nihilizmis gaRvivebisaTvis. imZlavra gatexili, damcirebuli da
sasowarkveTili kacis fsiqologiam. aqa-iq ukve sakmaod xmamaRla gaismis Zveli hangebi Crdiloeli `Zmisagan~ daxmarebis
Ziebis Taobaze.
aseT pirobebSi optimizmi da gautexeli suli unda iqces
qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis gadamrCen maSvel rgolad.
sanam mdgomareobidan gamosvlis gzebs davsaxavdeT, jer
`mdgomareobas~ davarqvaT Tavisi saxeli: 1992-93 wlebis ruseT-saqarTvelos omSi ruseTma dagvamarcxa da dagvipyro.
axla Cveni qveyana _ saqarTvelo ruseTis mier okupirebuli
da aneqsirebuli qveyanaa. dapyrobil qveyanas dampyobeli (ruseTi) rogorc surs, ise eqceva. es mTelma msofliom icis da
amas mTeli msoflio xedavs.
dampyrobeli qveynis mesveurs SeuZlia dapyrobili qveynis
mis mier SerCeuli xelmZRvaneli gudauTaSi Caafrinos da mosisxle mtrisTvis xeli CamoarTmevinos, mere dasasveneblad
myof `imperators~ mihgvaros, tribunaze aiyvanos da aTqmevinos _ me dapyrobili rodi var, ruseTs Cemi nebiT Cavexute
230
da ruseTi gadamiwyvets yvela CemTvis sasurvel problemaso. Tu amas ar gaakeTebs dapyrobili qveynis xelmZRvaneli,
restavrirebuli imperia sxva meTaurs SearCevs. simarTle Tu
gnebavT, es aris.
axla gamosavalze vTqvaT: am saukuneSi ruseTma meored
dagvipyro da saqarTvelos eSveleba (e. i. Tavisufali gaxdeba)
mxolod maSin, roca imperia sabolood Tu ara imdenad mainc
daingreva, rom Cven misi klanWebidan gasxltoma SevZloT.
Cven am etapze mxolod is unda gavakeToT, rom ruseTis xelSi
marionetad ki ar viqceT, vicxovroT gonivruli politikis
gatarebiT. moviTxovoT, rac gvekuTvnis, raki axla is dro ar
aris, rom romelime qveyanam gamoacxados _ me es qveyana davipyario, Cvenc gamoviyenoT es situacia da, Tu ruseTi Tavis
`samSvidobo misias~ ar Seasrulebs, uari vTqvaT samSvidobo
Zalebze da msoflios vamcnoT, rac dagvmarTa dampyrobelma. vimeoreb, msofliom yvelaferi kargad icis, magram Cven
mier naTqvami sWirdebaT saerTaSoriso institutebs ruseTis
mimarT garkveuli sanqciebis gasatareblad.
mwerlis misia is aris, rac odiTgan iyo, rac ilia WavWavaZem gvianderZa, qarTvelma mweralma ar unda misces saqarTvelos CaZinebis saSualeba, niadag unda Seaxsenos misi mdgomareoba, ar Seaguos monobas. raki ilia WavWavaZe vaxsene,
aqve vityvi, rom SemaZrwunebelia zogi vaipolitikosis survili ilia WavWavaZe saqarTvelos ruseTis imperiaSi darCenis
momxred gamoacxados. gana `mgzavris werilebi~, `katkovis pasuxad~, `ianovskis~, `qvaTa RaRadi~, romeli erTi CamovTvalo,
mkafiod ar metyveleben didi ilias poziciaze am mxriv? gana
lelT Runias amonakvnesi _ `awina rusobaCi varT~, ar aris
sabuTi, an, gana iliam ar Tqva 1905 wlis 6 marts `rac rusisTvis sasargebloa, is SeiZleba, qarTvelisTvis mavne iyoso~?
afxazeTis sakiTxi mSvidobiani gziT mxolod maSin gadaiWreba sabolood, roca imperia daingreva da saqarTvelo damoukideblobas miaRwevs.
axla Cveni mteri _ ruseTi, rasakvirvelia, am sakiTxs
CvenTvis sasurvelad ar gadagviwyvets. saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mosatyueblad igi, albaT, dagvabrunebinebs
ltolvilTa nawils afxazeTSi, magram imdens da iseTi sta-
231
tusiT, rom Tavis miwaze qarTvelebma iq verc demografiuli
amindi Seqmnan da verc politikuri. sanam ruseTi Cveni `mfarvelia~, afxazeTi Cveni ver iqneba da verc samaCablo. axla mTavaria, iseTi konstitucia SemoviRoT, romelSic sabolood
waiSleba avtonomiebis mcdari, mTel msoflioSi ybadaRebuli
instituti da afxazeTic iseTive uflebebiT Semova saqarTvelos farglebSi, rogorc misi sxva kuTxe _ raWa an guria.
sxva mxriv ki xelsayrel dros unda davelodoT.
Cveni Svilebis Tavganwirvas afxazeTis teritoriaze ruseT-saqarTvelos omSi uSedegod ar Cauvlia. amiT msofliom
dainaxa, rom qarTvelebSi didgorisa da basianis geni isev
feTqavs. Cemma Svilma am omSi wasvlis win miTxra _ vici, mamaCemo, Cven ruseTs oms ver movugebT, magram es omi istoriisTvis aris saWiro, msofliom unda dainaxos, rom Cven arc
erT mtkavels Cveni miwisas ubrZolvelad ar vTmobTo. wavida
da daiRupa, me, sxvebiviT ver davmalavdi Cems Svils. saqarTvelos ubedureba Cemzec unda ganawilebuliyo.
im daRupuli biWebis codva iyos imaT kiserze, vinc icoda, rom ruseTs veomebodiT da mainc uxmobda mTels saqarTvelos, soxumTan sasikvdilod. diax, rusi gvebrZoda soxumSic
da rusi modioda Tbilisis asaRebad, xonTanac da samtrediasTanac. ratom? raki saqarTvelo esengeSi Sesvlas agvianebs,
Wkua vaswavloTo... gvaswavles kidec, arc erT agresors ise
ar dausjia Tavisi kolonia, rogorc Cven ruseTma dagvsaja:
mogvikla 30 aTasi patrioti, wagvarTva 25 aTasi kv. km. da
300 aTasi kaci saxl-karidan gamogviyara, kidev meti, roca
300 aTasi kaci kodor-Wuberis viwroebSi itanjeboda, ruseTma msoflio samaSvelo samsaxurebs neba ar misca ganwirul
adamianebs daxmarebodnen. mxolod meoTxe dRes gamoaRwia
ukrainis xuTma vertmfrenma mkvdrebis asaxikavad.
roca amxela msxverplis fasad `Segvamzades~, dagvaCoqes
da daCoqili SegvaTries esengeSi.
daiRupa 30 aTasi kaci. am ubedurebisTvis moraluri pasuxismgeblobac ki aravin ikisra. ganiaraRebuli, motyuebuli
daRupuli biWebis ojaxebs daxmarebas ki ara, orstriqonian
qaRaldsac ki ar aZleven, rom maTi Svili mamulisTvis brZolaSi daiRupa an ugzo-ukvlod daikarga.
232
gaZvaltyavebul mSier kacs rom purs (erTaderT imeds SimSiliT sikvdilisagan) gauZvireb, me ar vici, es ra sasikeTo
reformaa. reformebis rTul niuansebSi, albaT, TviTonve
ukeT erkvevian, magram erTi ram vici, CvenTan saqarTveloSi
araviTari biznesmen-komersantoba ar arsebobs, igi mxolod
da mxolod CarCoba-spekulantobaa, araviTari privatizacia
ar mimdinareobs _ igi mxolod sawarmoo-dawesebulebaTa simbolur fasSi mitaceba, an naTesav-megobrebisaTvis darigebaa
da, saerTod, reformebze laparaki mxolod maSin iqneba realuri, roca ZlivsmfeTqav vaWroba-mrewvelobaze yaCaR-mafiaTa
patronoba moispoba. saqarTvelo ase gamaTxovrebis Rirsi ar
iyo da didi niWi sWirdeboda, albaT, imasac, rom qveyana ase
gagveRatakebina.
vinc wamdauwum gaiZaxis, Cven laCrebis, yaCaRebisa da
zarmacebis qveyana varT, Cveni bralia rac gvWirso, igi Segnebulad Tesavs qarTvel xalxSi uilajobis sindroms. igi
mosyidulia ruseTis specsamsaxurebis mier, raTa qarTvelebs Caagonos, nu ibrZviT damoukideblobisaTvis, Tqven damoukideblad arseboba ar SegiZliaT, mudam ruseTis monobis
qveS unda iyoTo.
Tu moindomebs xelisufleba, saqarTvelos aqvs resursebi
imisa, rom saqarTvelo samiode TveSi gamovides krizisidan,
xolo Tu ar moindomebs, kidev ufro CaveflobiT SimSilisa
da miusafrobis WaobSi.
24 seqtemberi, 1994 w.
sityva
warmoTqmuli yovelTa qarTvelTa msoflio
forumze 1994 wlis 10 oqtombers
batonebo, _
Zvirfaso stumrebo!
winaswar vixdi bodiSs, rakiRa Cems gamosvlas sazeimo ieri
ar eqneba. saqarTvelos dRes ar ezeimeba.
233
Tqven aq saqarTvelos ferflis sanaxavad rodi CamobrZandiT, an saqarTvelos panaSvidze cremlis saRvrelad, Tqven aq
saqarTvelos saSvelad gixmeT.
dRes, roca informaciis saSulebaTa feierverkis gamo
msoflio xelisguliviT Cans da politikosebi mcire erTa gadarCenis efeqtur xerxebs eZeben, msoflios Tvalwin imperiis
mier sastikad, msoflioSi arnaxuli jojoxeTuri meTodebiT daisaja saqarTvelo da gadaWarbebis gareSe, misi yofnaaryofnis sakiTxi dadga.
nuTu saqarTvelosTvis yvelaferma dakarga mniSvneloba:
misma oriaTaswlovanma saxelmwifoebriobamac, misma sworupovarma istoriulma Zeglebmac, misma ganumeorebelma musikalurma folklormac, misma SoTa rusTavelmac?
nuTu arc istoriul miwebsa aqvs raime mniSvneloba da
isic araa mxedvelobaSi misaRebi mkvidr erebs rom stumrebi
TavianTi saxlebidan erekebian?
SarSan restavrirebulma imperiam mogvikla samSoblos
damcveli 30 aTasi patrioti, CamogvaWra 25 aTasi kvadratuli
kilometri da saxl-karidan gamoreka 300 aTasi kaci.
magram es yvelaferi Tqven Zalian kargad iciT.
Tqven isic iciT, vin dagvipyro Cven da gvaiZula daCoqilni, sisxlidan daclilni imperiaSi SevbrunebuliyaviT.
da es moxda Sens Tvalwin, msofliov!
maSin, roca imperiis Zalebis mier zurggamagrebuli tomebis
siveluriT nacem-nagvemi 300 aTasi kodor-Wuberis viwroebSi
miirweoda, gavifiqre, axla ki atydeba msoflio gangaSi-meTqi.
swored maSin msoflio SemaZrwuneblad gayuCda.
rogor geZina, keTili nebis msofliov, Sen maSin, roca kavkasionis yinulian mwvervalebze moTqmiT modiodnen gawamebuli dedebi da xelT gayinuli Svilebis cxedrebi eWiraT?
Cven vyvirodiT da ar gagveciT xma, saSvelad gixmeT da ar
gamoCndiT, dagikakuneT da ar gagviReT.
mxolod meoTxe dRes gamoCnda ukrainis xuTiode vertmfreni mkvdrebis gadmosazidad.
vekiTxebi keTili nebis msoflios, nuTu ase Zlieria momakvdavi, ZlivsmfeTqavi imperiis Sxami, rom Senc SegakrTo da
pirSi wyali Cagiguba?
234
axla erayis jariskacebi kuveitisken rom daiZrnen, evropisa da amerikis armada fexze dadga.
nuTu verafers xedavs msoflio saerTos kuveitisa da
saqarTvelos beds Soris?
me aq prezentaciebis wamosayeneblad, sawuwunod ar gamovsulvar.
me madloba minda giTxra amerikav da bebero evropav, Sen
mier gamowvdili humanitaruli xelisTvis. magram me minda
ufro qmediTi iyos saqarTvelosTvis mopyrobili msoflios
politikuri Tvali.
madloba minda vuTxra gansakuTrebiT im Zvirfas emigrant
qarTvelebs, evropaSi rom dadian da saqarTvelosTvis Zvirfas tvirTs agroveben.
icodes msofliom, saqarTvelo ar aris Rirsi imisa, rac
amJamad sWirs! msoflio unda gaerTiandes, raTa ar misces saSualeba borotebis imperias Zalebi moikribos da kvlav moiqcios Tavis bnel xaxaSi mcire erebi. Tu saqarTvelos xelisufleba dRes msoflios ar auwyebs simarTles imis Sesaxeb, rom
saqarTvelo amJamad dapyrobili da aneqsirebulia, mxolod
imitom, rom man kargad icis, visTan aqvs saqme. yurTan Caesmis
rusuli maTraxis tkacani.
da kidev erTi; Tu evropasa da amerikaSi mwuxare saxis kaci
SegxvdebaT, icodeT, igi qarTvelia. mas samSoblosaTvis ar
uRalatnia, ubralod, SimSiliT sikvdils da rusul Ceqmas
yelze, rusul xiSts gaeqca. keTilad ganikiTxe igi.
da mainc, nu gaixareben Cveni mtrebi.
davsxdebiT dRes da xval Cven, qarTvelebi da saqarTvelos
gadarCenis gzebs davsaxavT.
nu gaixareben-meTqi Cveni mtrebi!
radganac ise, rogorc yovel WeSmarit qarvels, mec yovel
Rame mesizmreba saqarTvelos mTebze gadmomdgari Tavisuflebisa da damoukideblobis mTvare.
235
sityva
warmoTqmuli saburTalos ZmaTa
sasaflaoze yovelTa qarTvelTa msoflio
kongresis monawileTa mitingze 1994 wlis
12 oqtombers
batonebo!
ar uxdeba am adgils mikrofoni da lamazsityvaoba.
aq CurCuliT unda visaubroT.
aq rusis tyviiT gangmirul Cvens Svilebs sZinavT.
Tqven msoflios sxvadasxva kuTxeSi mimofantul qarTvelTa elCebi xarT da, Tu mTel msoflios ara, Cvens Tanamemamuleebs xom mainc uambobT, rogor daisaja saqarTvelo imperiis klanWebisagan Tavis daRwevis survilisaTvis.
saqarTvelos matianes, eris istoriul xsovnas Cveni arsebobis grZel manZilze yvelaferi rodi SemorCa. aRar
gvaxsovs evraziis mtvrian gzebze xetialiT daRlili, an samSoblodan devnili ramdeni kaci SevixizneT sxvadasxva dros
da SevifareT, iqneb jvrisa da alaverdis amSenebelTa gvarebic dagvaviwydes zogjer, magram mware mogonebebad erTxel
da samudamod aRbeWdila Cvens gonebaSi arabTa da monRolTa
urdoebis TareSi... didgori da basiani, aspinZa da krwanisi.
marTalia, dampyrobTa jari yovelTvis sWarbobda Cvens
mxe­
d­
robas, rom ityvian, erTze aTi modioda, magram meoce
saukunemde orasmilionian saxelmwifos arasodes SevbmivarT.
da swored bedis ironiis gamo am saukuneSi ruseTis imperiasTan ori saSineli omi gadavitaneT _ 1921 wels da 1992_93
wlebSi.
rogorc mosalodneli iyo, imperiis mrisxane Zalam Tavisi
miwis dasacavad aRmsdgar, moxaliseTa razmebisagan Sekowiwebul qarTvelTa jars sZlia.
Cven davmarcxdiT.
mikvirs amodena urCxulTan kveTebis Semdeg fexze kidev
rom vdgavarT.
cremliani, mgloviare saqarTvelo da es saflavebia imis
Tavdebi, rom saqarTvelos erovnuli mexsiereba rus dampyroblebs am `pativiscemas~ arasodes dauviwyebs.
236
moigoneT, ra mSvidobianad wavidnen am saukuneSi kolonizatorebi dapyrobili teritoriebidan (Tundac inglisisa da
indoeTis magaliTi rad Rirs). ase sastikad warmoudgeneli
cinizmiT arc arc erTi imperiuli monstri ar mopyrobia Tavis yofil kolonias.
moskovma samSoblos damcveli qarTveli biWebi jer ocdaSvidi ivlisis xelSekrulebiT motyuebiT, usircxvilod ganaiaraRa da mere mTeli msoflios Tvalwin umowyalod amoxoca.
saswauli es veragoba rodia. Cven `ufrosi Zmisgan~ amgvar
sisastikes movelodiT kidec, saswauli is gaxlavT, rom saerTaSoriso samarTalma arsad, arc erT doneze ar mosTxova
Tavgasul imperias pasuxi saqarTvelos xelaxali aneqsiisa da
okupaciisaTvis.
qarTvelad dabadeba, rogorc Cans, bedisweraa da Cven mzad
unda viyoT bolomde vzidoT Cveni bedisweris ekliani muzaradi.
ra gaakeTes am biWebma TavianTi sikvdiliT?
maT cocxlad darCenil qarTvelebs da msofliosac (Tuki
odesme msoflio saqarTvelos bediT dainteresdeba) daumtkices, rom qarTvelSi mamulis dacvis niWi ar Camkvdara, rom
Cvens ZarRvebSi daviTis, Tamaris, cotne dadianis sisxli mimodis dResac.
xelisuflebis RalatiT winaswargayidul omSi, sasikv­
di­
lod rom midioda, Cemma erTaderTma Svilma miTxra: vici,
mamaCemo, rusis jars rom ver movereviT, magram es omi istoriisTvis aris saWiro, yvelam unda dainaxos, rom Cven ubrZolvelad arc erTi goji miwis daTmobas ar vapirebTo.
wavidnen da daiRupnen.
istoriis winaSe isini pirnaTelni darCnen. xolo maTi
udrood Sewyvetili sicocxle imaT sindisze iyos, vinc
yvelaferi kargad icoda, magram bolo saaTebamde gaiZaxoda:
soxumi saimedodaa daculi, aq Citic ver Semofrindebao.
dro gaarCevs mtyuansa da marTals, magram vaglax, rom am
biWebis Tvalebs mzis sxivi veRarasodes gaanaTebs.
saqarTvelos wminda adgilebi ar aklia, magram es savane
amieridan umanko saflavTa winaSe muxlmosayrel erT wminda
adgilad unda iqces.
Zvirfaso stumrebo, wadiT da uambeT msoflios es sevdiani ambavi mamulisTvis zvarakad Sewirul biWebze.
237
wadiT da uTxariT yvelas, rom saqarTvelo suls Rafavs,
magram mtris winaSe arasodes daiCoqebs. rom giorgi saakaZis
qveyana monobas arasodes Seurigdeba.
mSvidad iZineT, Svilebo!
Cven vcocxlobT!
Ria werili ruseTis prezidents
vladimer putins
rogorc ki dadeqi msoflios erT-erTi udidesi saxelmwifos saWesTan, ar davmalav, politikuri bataliebiT daRlilma msofliom imedis Tvali mogapyro.
jer erTi imitom, rom dangreuli sabWoTa imperiis cxel
kvalze aRmocenebul axal wesrigs mohyevi, meorec, axalgazrda, sportuli, TavdaWerili axalgazrda kaci xar da gansxvavebiT uaxloes winamorbedTagan alkohols ar etanebi.
rac Seexeba saqarTvelos, Cems Tanamemamuleebs Seni aRzevebis sixaruls, Worad darxeuli patara saidumloc uvsebda: Zalian hgavso, sofel metexis mkvidr erT moxuc qals.
me ar vici Seni dedaa Tu ara is qalbatoni, marTla hgavxar
Tu ara mas saxis nakvTebiTa da siarulis maneriT, RmerTma
damifaros zRaprebs avyve, magram raki Cemma xalxma saqarTvelosTan, sofel metexTan Tundac susti ZafebiT daakavSira,
arc es gagikvirdes.
iqneb, es ufro iverielTa survili iyo. qarTuli mzis da
miwis madli SeemCnia SenSi da xavss CabRauWeboda _ Cveneburia,
ar gagvwiravso.
Tumca, esec qarTuli gulubryvilobis niSania, ras gemarTlebi, Svilosa _ ra gvepetrepirveleba, ra gveputineba da
ra gveivanovprimakoveba maSin, roca Cemma sisxlma da xorcma,
TviT genialurma stalinmac ver ganWvrita, rom mudmivad ar
iqneboda imperatoris taxtze da ar izruna saqarTvelosTvis
daebrunebina TurqeTis mier mitacebuli tao-klarjeTi _ lamis mesamedi saqarTvelo.
arada, amis gakeTeba sicocxlis bolo TveebSic SeeZlo.
238
SeeZlo, magram ar gaakeTa da Tavisi tanjuli samSoblos
gadauxdeli vali Tan gaiyola.
axla XXI saukunea. aranakleb mZime dro ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTobisTvis.
dRis wesrigSi dadga, xazi gadagvesva RalatTa da gaugebrobaTa im wyebisTvis ori saukune rom kvebavda Cvens saerTo
istorias da erTmaneTTan misasvleli axali gzebi gvepova.
meti ra eqna Cvens axalgazrda prezidents, aarida Tvali
Zia semis Seyril warbebs da pirvelad Sen mogaSura.
Zmobis xeli gamogiwoda da mitacebul afxazeT-samaCablos
dabruneba gTxova.
Tanac sanacvlod saqarTvelos samudamo keTilganwyobas
dagpirda.
farisevlurad daxmareba aRuTqvi da, roca Seni kacuri sityvis moimedem Tavis miwaze, Tavis cxinvalSi Sesvla daapira,
rogorc erTxel Senma sulierma (magram loTma) politikurma
mamam elcinma, mTeli Seni saokupacio samxedro manqanis mexTatexa aamoqmde: 50-mde qarTveli biWi mijriT mocele da 50
ki ise dagvimcire-dagviCoqe cxinvalis moedanze, rom sawyalobelT dRemde Tavi saxlidan ver gamouyviaT da xalxSi ver
gamoCenilan.
sad saqarvelo da sad ruseTi, vladimer vladimeris Zev.
daxede Sens kabinetSi gakrul rukas da erTxel kidev
darwmundi, ra bumberazi, mdidari qveynis prezidenti xar da
ra pataraa Seni mezoblobiT, rwmenis saerToobiT da `ZmobamegobrobiT~ ubedur dReSi Cavardnili saqarTvelo.
ra Sescoda aseTi Cemma samSoblom, ra yelSi gaeCxira ruseTs _ zesaxelmwifos da dRemde ver mounelebia.
ar SeiZleba ar gaxsovdes Sen, qarTvelTa erT-erTi rusi
keTilmosurnis _ sobCakis umcros megobars, ra danaSauli
Caidina ruseTma saqarTvelos mimarT am bolo TxuTmeti wlis
ganmavlobaSi.
gagaxseno?
1989 wlis 9 aprils moSimSile wamebulTa xocva-Jleta!
erovnuli xelisuflebis damxoba 1992 wlis ianvarSi!
1993 wlis ruseT-saqarTvelos omi da Tavisi miwa-wylis damcveli 30 aTasi qarTveli moxalisis amoJleta, xolo
400000 mSvidobiani qarTvelis elvissiswrafiT gamorekva Tavisi sacxovrisidan.
239
da roca rusis jariskacis mier otebuli, nawamebi qarTveloba Tovlsa da yinvaSi kodor-Wuberis golgoTis gzaze
miirweoda, msoflios samaSvelo samsaxurebis gafrTxileba
elcinis mier:
aravin gabedos qarTvelis miSveleba, Torem am faqts ruseTis sazRvrebis xelyofad Sevafasebo.
ruseT-saqarTvelos omSi damarcxebuli saqarTvelosTvis
Tavisi ZirZveli kuTxeebis mekobruli warTmeva da am miwebze rusis saokupacio jaris Cayeneba; dRemde rom cinikurad
`samSvidobo jars~ eZaxis.
SeiZleba samSvidobo jari erqvas omSi monawile ori mxridan erT-erTis SeiaraRebul Zalebs?
xom mTelma msofliom icis, rom ruseTs saqarTvelos didi
nawili dapyrobili aqvs.
didi nawili-meTqi SemTxveviT ar miTqvams:
daviT aRmaSeneblis dros saqarTvelos teritoria 300000
kv.km iyo.
XX saukunemde movediT 111000 kv.km-iT,
da swored am sabediswero XX saukuneSi `moZme rusis~ wyalobiT 111000-dan 45000-mde CamovediT.
diax, dRes sqarTvelos iurisdiqcia mxolod 45 aTas kv.kmze vrceldeba.
xom xedav, saqarTvelo im didi saqarTvelos CrdiliRa
darCa.
da es moxda rusis meoxebiT, prezidento.
me erTi qarTveli mwerali var.
imas rogor gagibedav, gkiTxo, Cemi nakalmari Tu mogxvdameTqi rodesme TvalSi.
imiTac kmayofili viqnebi Seni puSkini da Cexovi, Seni dostoevski da tolstoi Tu wagikiTxavs.
Cemi profesia imitom vaxsene, rom erebi erTmaneTs upiratesad literaturis eniT esaubrebian da ver daasaxelebs
vinme WeSmariti qarTveli mwerlis mier rusi kacis augad
xsenebis Tundac erT magaliTs miTaJamidan dRemde.
Tanamedrove rusul mwerlobaSi ki qarTvelofobiis faqti
uamravia, magram amaze sxva dros.
roca megona, rom am bolo dros gaeros Tu yvela saerTaSoriso politikuri institutebis gauTavebeli CiCiniT cota
mainc gaexedna yuri velikorusul Sovinizms da Senc, didi Svideulis wevri, erTi janmrTeli, inteligenturi rusi, uamravi
saerTaSoriso Sexvedris warmatebuli monawile, mainc aRar ivli-meTqi winamorbedTa bilikiT, ar vici, ra eSmaki Segijda, an
rogor gauwie angariSi Sens saxelmwifo karze moriale nacional-morielebs, rom lamis Seni politikuri karieris dasasruls saqarTvelos mimarT gaugonari mkrexeloba Caidine:
Sen ukve politikaSi WipmoWrili, kgb-s skolagamovlili
kaci, ise rogor amCatdi, rom Tundac TiTo-orola politikosis Secdomis gamo mTeli eri SeiZule.
naban wyals bavSvic gadaayole.
SeiZleba mTel ers usworebdes angariSs politikosi da
mere seriozul politikosad mohqondes Tavi?
saqarTvelo-ruseTis vizebis SeCereba ra SuaSi iyo?
yovlad gaumarTlebeli ekonomiuri embargo ra SuaSi iyo?
qarTulma Rvinom da borjomma mainc ra dagiSava?
sabanko gadaricxvebis SeCereba ram mogafiqrebina?
elCis gawveva (mere rom Senve morcxvad moabrune) ra bavSvuri TamaSi iyo?
sahaero da saxmeleTo mimosvlis SeCereba vin eSmakma girCia?
dabolos TviT faSistebsac rom ar mosvliaT TavSi _ eTnikuri niSniT moskovSi qarTvelebze nadiroba, maTi TxebiviT Serekva sabargo TviTmfrinavebSi da TbilisSi Camolalva
raRam gafiqrebina?
nuTu fiqrob, rom amas odesme daiviwyebs msoflios istoriuli mexsiereba?
an iqneb zogi mCate Wkuis separatist tomis beladisa
gjera _ dro gava, qarTvelebi daiviwyeben erovnul genocids
da Seeguebian uafxazeTo, usamaCablo cxovrebaso.
albaT, Sen ar gaCvenes am erTi kviris winaT afxazeT-samaCablos okupaciisadmi protestis niSnad mTel saqarTveloSi
studentebis mier danTebuli koconi da arc qarTveli axalgazrdobis naTqvami moxvda Sens yurTasmenas:
vidre saqarTveloSi Tundac erTi qarTveli iarsebebs,
Cven afxazeTis da samaCablos dasabruneblad vibrZolebTo.
am werils lamis sami aTeuli wliT Senze ufrosi (TiTqmis
mamistola) qarTveli gwers.
240
16. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
241
Tu gonierebas mouxmob, jer kidev gaqvs Sansi warmatebiT daasrulo Seni saprezidento kariera da ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTobis istoriaSi naTeli kvali datovo.
ra Znelic unda iyos amJamad SenTvis, unda gadadga gadamwyveti nabiji: gaauqmo ruseT-saqarTvelos Soris sabediswero barierad aRmarTuli politikur-ekonomikuri berketebi
da daubruno saqarTvelos warTmeuli teritoriebi _ afxazeTi da samaCablo.
me kargad vici, rom teritoriebwagvrili, daCoqebuli,
mTxovnelis pozaSi mdgomi saqarTvelo ruseTsac xels aZlevs
da im `megobarTa wresac~ visac es bolo wlebia imediT SevyurebT.
russ surs saqarTvelos gamTlianebis berketebi xelidan
ar gauSvas, dasavleTs ki: rac SeiZleba didxans wovos boCola saqarTvelom imedis TiTi da okeanisgaRmel megobars
mudariani mzera ar moacilos.
diax, gamTlianebuli, galaRebuli, bednieri saqarTvelo
arc erTs surs da arc meores.
da iWyliteba saqarTvelo _ kozaki or aqlem-saxelmwifos
Soris.
damerwmune, Cven yvelafers kargad vxvdebiT.
Tu Sen gadadgam am gonivrul nabijs, ori marTlmorwmune
xalxis istoriul urTierTobasac gadaarCen da qarTveli
eris keTilganwyobasac moipoveb.
es ki cotas rodi niSnavs.
Cemze ukeT mogexseneba, dRevandeli msoflios wonasworoba imazecaa damokidebuli, Tu saiT imzireba saqarTvelo.
sxva mxriv mSvidobiT brZandebode.
18 marti, 2006 w.
jer monasteri ar areula
babilonis godolis sindromi dRemde ar asvenebs kacobriobas.
242
erTxel rom auria RmerTma adamians ena da goneba, ase JamkarareviT morixinda igi ocdameerTe saukunemde.
da ai, jer erTi kvirac ar Sesrulebula, rac msoflio
omis xanZari dainTo wina aziaSi.
diax, msoflio omisa, radganac igi amerika-erayis lokaluri konfliqti aravis egonos.
am omma msoflio TiTqmis samad gayo, amerikis momxreebad,
eraySi SeWris mowinaaRmdegeebad da neitralitetis niRabafarebul saxelmwifoebad, romelTagan araerTi ukve Seipyro
yoymanma da male gamarjvebulisken gadaixreba.
omi yvela usamarTloa, magram vin gaimarjvebs (Tundac
droebiT, radgan didi istoriisTvis yvela gamarjveba da
damarcxeba droebiTia), am omSi saeWvo imisTvis ar aris, vinc
yalbi iluziebiT kvebavs Tavis Tavsac da gareSemyofTac.
msoflios rom axali wesrigi sWirdeba, sakamaTo ar aris.
TiTqmis ar arsebobs dedamiwaze saxelmwifo, teritoriuli an sxva mizeziT ganpirobebuli dava gulis siRrmeSi
mainc rom ar hqondes mezobel saxelmwifosTan.
gaero msoflio konfliqtebs sruliadac ver awesrigebs.
igi Cven Tvalwin faqtobrivad miicvala.
amerikam aiRo xelSi msoflios imgvarad mowyobis funqcia,
rom yvela saxelmwifo Tavis kanSi daetios, fuli, mizezTa
gamo rom daugrovebia, sicocxlis mospobis saSualebebze
aRar daxarjos, SiSis qarSi nu iqneba TviTon da nu amyofebs
sxvebsac.
ra miiRo amerikam sanacvlod mcdelobisa, demokratiisa
da Tavisuflebis garantad dadgomoda planetas?
miiRo 2001 wlis 11 seqtemberi...
warmoidgine, iyo zesaxelmwifo SeZlebisdagvarad xelgammarTavi yvela CamorCenili da upovari xalxisTvis da
dRisiT-mzisiT Sensave udides qalaqSi Tavze dagaqcion Weri,
agifeTqon msoflios finansuri guli da Tavdacvis centri.
da amerikam amjerad ar moiTmina.
ar moiTmenda Tundac imitom, rom, rogorc gairkva, 11
seqtemberi fanatikosTa erTjeradi aqcia rodi gaxldaT,
igi kacobriobisken mimarTuli agresia iyo, rac ufro maSin
243
gacxadda, ugunuri kamikaZeebis dafarvas ase energiulad rom
cdiloben isini, visac msoflios adamianTa Tanacxovreba religiaTa da saxis ferTa dapirispirebaze dauyvania. diax, sastiki droa.
guli mekumSeba, baRdadis Sav cas raketebi rom hkveTen da
wiTeli kvamli aRmarTula sasaxleTa Tavze.
magram gana naklebi sisastike iyo, niu-iorkis savaWro centris caTambjenebSi mofusfuse 5000 mSvidobian moqalaqeze
mgzavrebiT savse TviTmfrinavebi rom mimarTes? ra zizRi, ra
fanatizmi amoZravebdaT aseTi SturvalTan mimsxdar ubedur
kacebs?
babiloni _ msoflios kulturis erTi uZvirfasesi relikvia erayis teritoriazea da ise Caraza diqtatorma sadam
huseinma karebi, rom es didebuli qveyana lamis miuwvdomelia
msoflios civilizaciis SemswavlelTaTvis.
eraySi daTrgunulia pirovnebis elementaruli Tavisufleba. Savi diqtatori eWvis cxrilSi atarebs Tavis uaxloes
garemocvasac, mas sakuTarma Svilma siniT miarTva sakuTari
siZis moWrili Tavi da huseinma `yoCaR ymawvils~ madlobis
niSnad mxarze xeli dahkra.
ra iyo bolo moTxovna buSisa erayis diqtatoris mimarT?
raki Seni birTvuli iaraRis ganadgurebas Tavs arideb, rom
Seni mefobiT sakuTar xalxs da msoflios saSiSroeba ar
Seuqmna, gamodi erayidan, gadasaxldi msoflios nebismier
qveyanaSi da mSvidad icxovreo.
amgvar winadadebaze WkuiT savse napoleoni daTanxmda.
meyo, rac frangebis sisxli vRvare, me gadavdeqio, Tavisi
surviliT tyved Cabarda da lamis ukacriel kunZulze daamTavra sicocxle.
ram SeaZula ase huseins sakuTari xalxi, ratom gawira igi.
gana ufro ar eyvareba igi Tavis xalxs da istoriul gmirad
ar gamoacxadebs, rom Tundac axla gamovides da Tqvas: nu
gadamiwvavT baRdads, babilons, basras _ me wavedi!
magram ver mosTxov erayel wvrilSubla diqtators mefe
dimitri Tavdadebulobas.
axla iseTi epoqaa, gamarjvebulsac ki asamarTleben, magram
imaTi saqcieli vnaxoT, amerikas bolo dReebSi rom gverdi-
244
dan Semoecalnen. Tumca, rogorc zemoT mogaxseneT, mxolod
droebiTia.
safrangeTi _ napoleonis samSoblo `mSvidobis mtredad~
mogvevlina. es is safrangeTia, romlis teritoriidanac
swored amerikam gandevna faSistebi da safrangeTs Tu axla
saxelmwifo aqvs, pirvel rigSi amerikas unda umadlodes.
germania _ hitleris samSobloc `mSvidobis mtredis~ TamaSs
cdilobs. es is germaniaa, am samoci wlis winaT msoflios
dapyrobis mcdelobisTvis sastikad rom daisaja da sabWoTa
ruseTis mier tordadebuli swored amerikis daucxromeli
ZalisxmeviT gaerTianda.
Cveni mezobeli TurqeTi xom TiTqmis amerikam daicva Tavisi mZlavri frTebiT, mitacebuli tao-klarjeTis saqarTvelosTvis dabruneba stalins amerikam gadaafiqrebina. amerikam iaraRiT da samxedro bazebiT gaavso TurqeTi, Seiyvana
natoSi da egona, Tavis upirveles mokavSired gamozarda, magram Turqi, rogorc Cans, bolomde saimedo megobari ver aRmoCnda, Tumca bolos TurqeTmac daixia.
ruseTis pozicia CvenTvis axali ar iyo.
ruseTs Tavisi ekonomikur-politikuri interesebi aqvs
erayTan da bunebrivia, rom mis mxares dgeba.
aRSfoTda putini: rogor SeiZleba muStis politikao, TiTqosda muStis politikiT ar waerTmios mas saqarTvelosTvis afxazeTi da samaCablo, TiTqos muStis politikas
ar mimarTavdes igi yoveldRiurad CeCneTis winaaRmdeg.
ruseTi Cveni mezobelia, es saqarTvelos istoriuli bedisweraa. RmerTma damifaros imis gafiqrebisganac ki, rom
mezobelTan Tbili urTierTobis, saerTo enis gamonaxvis ganzraxva gulidan amoviRo.
Tumca rusTan `Zmobis~ oraswlovani istoria rom savsea
RalatiT, pirumtkicobiT, gauTavebeli cema-gvemiT Crdilo
mezoblis mxridan?
nuTu ase iolad amoiRebs gulidan qarTuli istoriuli
mexsiereba dalis xeobaSi, kodor-Wuberis Wiuxebze gamwkrivebuli samasi aTasi or saaTSi rom gamodevna rusis jariskacma
Tavisi saxlebidan da sasikvdilod gawira.
245
msgavsi faqtebis CamoTvlas aRar Sevudgebi, es Cveni dRevandeli istoriaa da bavSvsac yvelaferi axsovs.
saqarTvelos nomer pirveli problema dRes rusis mier
warTmeuli miwebis _ afxazeTis da samaCablos dabrunebaa. ra
perspeqtiva-imedi arsebobs am mimarTulebiT?
tyuilebis aTwlovanma kaskadma (gaero atyuebda SevardnaZes, elcini da putini atyuebdnen SevardnaZes, SevardnaZe
ki Tavis mxriv, nebiT Tu uneblieT, sakuTar xalxs atyuebda)
Sedegi ver gamoiRo.
gavida xani.
putini da SevardnaZe soWSi xvdebian erTmaneTs da yvela im
punqtze moilaparakeben, razec Tavdapirvelad ase gawiwmatda
Cveni prezidenti.
avamuSaoT rkinigza, avaRorZinoT engurhesi, movaxdinoT regionis ekonomikuri reabilitacia da davabrunoT
ltolvilebi _ ZiriTadad esaa am ybadaRebuli komunikes punqtebi (erTi sruliad gaugebari frazis _ `ltolvilTa sinqronuli dabrunebis~ damatebiT).
aq aRarafers vambob imaze, ruseTis moTxilamure imperatorma Cvens prezidents soWSi imiTac dascina, rom molaparakebaze sruliad SeuTanxmeblad afxazeTis TviTgamocxadebuli respublikis TviTgamocxadebul premier-ministrs uxmo da
Cveni prezidentisTvis xeli CamoarTmevina.
ar Seasrulebs ruseTi arc am SeTanxmebas, batonebo.
Tavs nu movityuebT.
meore dRes gagulia moskovSi preskonferenciaze utifrad
acxadebs _ ra federaciaze da konfederaciazea laparaki, Cven
ukve damoukidebeli saxelmwifo varT da duma ruseTis SemadgenlobaSi afxazeTis da samaCablos wevrad miRebis sakiTxis
ganxilvas iwyebso.
rogor fiqrobT, arZinba-gagulias xrova an duma putinis
gareSe gabedavs saqarTvelos ase abuCad agdebas?
sad bJutavs is mcireodeni naperwkali, ocdameerTe saukuneSi gadmoyolil am tkivils rom mogvirCens da afxazeTsamaCablos dagvibrunebs?
mxolod da mxolod amerikasTan saqarTvelos mWidro samxedro urTierTobasa da megobrobaSi. kidec `ho~ da kidec `ara~.
246
nu daviviwyebT, am bolo qaotur aTwledSi rom amerikam
araerTgzis gvixsna SimSiliT sikvdilisgan, nu daviviwyebT,
rom Cveni moRiavebuli CrdiloeTis WiSkris gadamkideT,
amerika mogvevlina mwed, pirvelad daadga iankma oficerma
saqarTvelos miwas fexi, rogorc samxedro mwvrTnelma, konsultantma da manve Segviwyo xeli TiTqmis warTmeuli pankisis xeobis dabrunebaSi.
TvalTmaqcobaa ruseTTan molaparakebiT an dacvednebuli gaeros SemweobiT afxazeTisa da samaCablos dabruneba da
qarTuli saxelmwifos sastiki dacinvaa rusi politikosebis
rCeva _ miujeqiT afxazebTan molaparakebis magidaso.
amerikam, mxolod amerikam unda aiZulos ruseTi dagvibrunos warTmeuli teritoriebi.
Cven istoriam sxva Sansi ar dagvitova.
amitomac gamarTlebulad mimaCnia parlamentis mier amerika-saqarTvelos samxedro xelSekrulebis ratifikacia.
samwuxarod, Cvenma geopolitikurma mdgomareobam da istoriulma gamocdilebam gvaswavla, rom neitralitetis dacva istoriis sabediswro mosaxvevebze wamgebiani nabijia!
upatrono eklesias, Cveulebriv, eSmakebi epatronebian.
ra Tqma unda, gulubryvilobaa, asprocentian garantiad
miiRo saeWvod diplomatiuri fraza buSis werilidan (ar
vici, romelma `mrCevelma~ Cauwera): cota macale, batono
eduard, da movicli afxazeTisTvisaco, an zogi mCate politikosis azri imis Sesaxeb, TiTqos buSs sulze miuswro Cveni
parlamentis Tanxmobam da Turme amerikis prezidents guli
ukankalebda, vaiTu saqarTvelos parlamentma ar daamtkicos amerika-saqarTvelos samxedro TanamSromlobis xelSekrulebao, magram xom faqtia, rom Cveni qveynis umaRlesma
xelisuflebam (prezidentma, ministrTa kabinetma da parlamentma) Tavisi keTili neba, mxardaWera, TanagrZnoba gamoxata
im WeSmariti strategiuli mokavSiris mimarT, yovelwliurad
64 milion dolars rom gvaZlevs Cveni Tavdavicunarianobis
gasaZliereblad.
axla mTavaria, dinjad davelodoT movlenaTa ganviTarebas. arc Tavwasagdebi mamaliviT udroo dros daviyivloT da
arc Cveni ugergilobiT CamovrCeT istoriis matarebels.
247
mTavaria, erTmaneTs ar daverioT, mTavaria Tavi ar movabezroT sakuTar xalxs kinklaoba-WirveulobiT.
siyvaruli, mimtevebloba, Tanadgoma ar amovirecxoT gulidan.
2006 w.
`vinc ar aris kaxaberi...~
mwerali verc erTi xelisuflebis pirobebSi Tavs komfortulad ver grZnobs. rogorc ki mwerals Seipyrobs
TviTkmayofilebis grZnoba, anu grZnoba iseTi, rom mis qveyanaSi yvelaferi rigzea, CavTvaloT, rom is mwerali mokvda. literaturis istoriam icis uamravi magaliTebi imisa,
rogor daRupa niWieri, magram unebisyofo mwerali xelisuflebisadmi zedmetad loialurma, ufro mkveTrad rom
vTqva, mliqvnelurma damokidebulebam. rogorc ki iqcevi
xelmwifis karis mwerlad an poetad, Sen uars ambob amiT
mwerlobis mravalsaukunovan tradiciaze. ver damisaxelebT
verc erT saxelovan mwerals, romelic Tavisi Semoqmedebis
romeliRac periodSi ar iyo opozicioneri misi drois xelisuflebisa da misi droisadmi, saerTod. es sruliad
bunebrivia. me Cemi SemoqmedebiT Camovyalibdi qronikul
opozicionerad. opoziciaSi vedeqi sabWoTa wyobilebas da
Cemi pirveli wignebi ganicdida cenzuris mier did zewolas.
ase rom, cenzuris makratlis msxverpli gamxdara bevri Cemi
novela. mere daingra sabWoTa imperia da movida saqarTveloSi samwliani damoukideblobis periodSi _ 90-92 ww-ebi.
magram Tqven mogexsenebaT, im xelisuflebas, romelsac me
erovnuls vuwodeb da romelsac wilad xvda bedniereba, yofiliyo mesaflave sabWoTa wyobilebisa saqarTveloSi, TviTonac uamravi nakli aRmoaCnda. es nakli ZiriTadad gamomdinareobda saxelmwifos marTvis gamoucdelobidan, rac
zviad gamsaxurdias da mis garemocvas axasiaTebda. Semdeg
iyo SevardnaZis meored mosvla da umZimesi periodi saqarTvelos cxovrebaSi, pirmoTneobis, tyuilis, saqarTvelos
248
miwebis gaCanagebis, pirovnebis Seuracxyofisa da, daucvelobis. axla `vardebis revolucia~ moxda da sruliad bunebrivia, rom revaz miSvelaZe imediT Suvyureb `revoluciur
sameuls~. samives kargad vicnob, parlamentSi erTad vmuSaobdiT. sruliad bunebrivia, rom saqarTvelos axalma xelmZRvanelobam, romelsac CemTvis Zalian sasiamovnod da sworad
aqvs aRebuli orientacia amerikisaken, dasavleTisaken, mec
aseTi orientaciis kaci var da es misaRebia CemTvis da msurs
am xelisuflebam gamoiyvanos qveyana im burusidan, rasac
SevardnaZis dro erqva. Cven dagvRala SevardnaZis TiTqmis
30-wlianma batonobam saqarTveloSi. ganaxleba saWiro iyo.
me ver vuwodeb amas `vardebis revolucias~, radgan es iyo
sorosis da amerikis mxardaWeriT momxdari saxelmwifo karis
gadatrialeba. vardi es iyo Sirma, dekoracia, romelic xelSi eWiraT Cvens demonstrantebs. sinamdvileSi isini sakmaod Ronieri wixlebiT SemoiWrnen saqarTelos parlamentSi,
rac samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT misaRebi ar aris. yvela
Tu ase SeiWra Tavisi qveynis parlamentSi da ase moaxdina
revolucia, msoflios saSineli qaosi moicavs. xom moawyo
axlaxan litvis parlamentma prezidentis impiCmenti. Cven ki
wixlebiT gavrekeT parlamenti. absoluturad gaumarTleblad mimaCnia parlamentis damxoba Zalis saSualebiT, rac
`sameulma~ gaakeTa. mas SeeZlo daemxo SevardnaZis xelisufleba, magram xalxis mier arCeul parlamentSi Sevardnis
ufleba mas aramc da aramc ar hqonda.
samwuxarod, 28 martis arCevnebi ar iyo demokratiuli
arCevnebi. saerTod, sasacilod mimaCnia damkvirveblis institutis arseboba. Camoiyvanen amerikidan 15, safrangeTidan 10 damkvirvebels da amas eZaxian `damkvirvebelTa misias
saqarTveloSi~. radikalurad unda Seicvalos es wesi, Tu
Cven demokratiuli arCevnebi gvinda. SeiZleboda, es arCevnebi Caetarebina mesame neitralur Zalas. magaliTad, gaeros warmomadgenlobas, xmebis dasaTvlelad rom ar mieSvaT
arc erTi partiis da arc xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi.
me getyviT gulaxdilad, isini vinc es arCevnebi Caatara,
SemCneulni iyvnen wina arCevnebis dros, sadac SevardnaZis
erTguli TanamebrZolni iyvnen, aseve saocari energiulo-
249
biT ibrZodnen es adamianebi, rom saqarTvelos prezidentad
aerCiaT SevardnaZe, romelic mere maTve daamxes, imitom,
rom es damxobis meqanizmebic kargad hqondaT damuSavebuli da saqarTvelom dainaxa, rogor arCevnebs atareben dRes
es Cveni revolucionerebi, angelozebad rom moaqvT Tavi.
megona, rom 4 ianvris arCevnebiT saqarTveloSi mosuli axalgazrda prezidenti marTla radikalurad gaemijna im winaRobebs, rac SevardnaZem aRmarTa saqarTvelos dasaTrgunavad; marTla mouwodebda Tavis Tavsac da irgvliv myofTac,
rom WeSmariti demokratizaciis gzaze damdgariyo saqarTvelo, samwuxarod, saakaSvilis arCevis pirvelsave dRes me
vigrZeni, rom Rrmad Secda vinc mas xma misca saprezidento
arCevnebSi.
axla rac Seexeba Tanamedrove literaturas Cveni xelisuflebis xelSi:
saerTod saqarTvelo literaturuli qveyanaa, mwerlobis qveyanaa. saqarTveloSi mwerals, upirveles yovlisa, usmendnen da dRemde eris medroSe, keTili mrCeveli, sulieri
winamZRoli swored mweralia. tradiciulad mogvdgams ase.
cxovrebaSi iSviaTia adamiani, rom leqsi ar daeweros. JurnalistebSi 80% xelmocaruli mweralia, mwerlebSi 10%-s,
mwerlebad rom moaqvT Tavi, xelmocaruli mwerlebi arian.
sruliad bunebrivia, aqedan gamomdinare, im kavSirTan rasac mweralTa kavSiri hqvia, zogs qiSpis doneze aqvs gaTvaliswinebuli Tavisi piradi interesi, rom Sen ratom unda iyo
aseTi saxelganTqmuli da me ratom var meore planzeo. zogs
Woriknoba sCvevia mweralTa kavSirze. mwerlebis piradi
cxovreba xSirad ganixileba Woris doneze da ase moxda dResac. saqarTveloSi mweralTa kavSiri aris SemoqmedebiTi kavSiri, damoukidebeli saxelmwifo struqturebisgan da SemoqmedebiTi kavSiris cxovrebis wesiT unda icxovros. amitom,
raki mweralTa kavSiri mxolod SemoqmedebiTi struqturaa
da sxva araferi, ar unda iyos mis mimarT aseTi gafacicebuli yuradReba, magram jer kidev yuradRebis centrSia.
yrilobam axali xelmZRvaneloba airCia, romlis erT-erTi warmomadgeneli mec var. Tavmjdomared airCies qali _
mayvala gonaSvili, romelic aris Zalian kargi poeti, fut-
250
kariviT daucxromeli moRvawe, Tavmdabali, yovelgvari ambiciebisagan Tavisufali da mondomebuli, mowadinebuli.
avirCieT imitom, rom mweralTa kavSirSi mwerals moesvlebodes, iyos Tbili atmosfero, iyos wignebis garCeva, iubileebi.
Cven davamtkiceT gegma, gavanawileT funqciebi. TiTqmis
yovel kviras mweralTa kavSirSi tardeba saintereso diskusiebi `vefxistyaosnis~ teqstis aRdgenis Sesaxeb, qarTuli
enis Sesaxeb, moqalaqeobis damamtkicebel sabuTSi erovnebis
Caweris Sesaxeb. erovnuli cnobierebis dacvis Sesaxeb da a.S.
mweralTa kavSiri ukve aRorZinda. amas mowmobs is faqti,
rom dabrundnen mweralTa kavSiridan sxvadasxva dros gasuli saxelovani mwerlebi: merab eloioziSvili, nodar wuleiskiri, otia ioseliani, soso sigua da sxvebi. me arc amiT
vzomav mweralTa kavSirs. aseTi moZraoba yovelTvis iqneba.
zogi gava, zogi Semova. mweralTa kavSiri, rogorc erovnuli, WeSmaritad SemoqmedebiTi saxli mwerlobisa mudam iarsebebs.
2004 w.
gilocavT
axali, 2005 weli axlovdeba.
WeSmariti qarTveli mwerlebi axal wels vulocavT deda
saqarTvelos.
alaverds Cvens Zvirfas mkiTxvelTan gadavdivarT; im
mkiTxvelTan, visac jer kidev sjera Cveni, vinc imediTa da
rwmeniT iRebs xelSi Cvens nawerebs da darwmunebulia, rom
mamulis guSagobis nacad gzas ar gadavuxvevT.
mZime iyo 2004 weli.
gansakuTrebiT Zneli aRmoCnda igi qarTveli mwerlebisaTvis.
calke TavganwirviT vigeriebdiT Cvens erovnul cnobierebaze soroselTa gaafTrebul Setevebs da calke xelisuflebis zogi vaiwarmomadgenlis mcdelobas _ qarTveli mwer-
251
lebisTvis mweralTa sasaxle waerTmia da es saxelovani bude
moeSala.
miuxedavad imisa, rom Cvens wmidaTawmida enas, mamuls da
sarwmunoebas saSiSi dReebi udgas (xelisuflebam arc erTi
danapirebi ar Seasrula: ar miiRo kanonebi saxelmwifo enis,
saxelmwifo religiisa da erovnuli rekvizitis Sesaxeb; ver
daibruna warTmeuli teritoriebi, miiRo erovnuli umaRlesi ganaTlebis damangreveli kanoni, daakanona ieRovelebi,
gaauqma enis palatac), qarTvelma mwerlebma mainc SevZeliT
sazogadoebrivi azris Seqmna, vamxileT erovnuli kulturis
dasamxobad mowodebuli kulturis saministri da misi Savbneli razmi... da, rac mTavaria, vcdilobT kbilebiT davicvaT,
daSla-daqucmacebas, privatizacia-gayidvas gadavarCinoT qarTuli mwerlobis sasaxle.
vnaxoT, ras gviCvenebs momavali.
gausaZlisma viTarebam Cven rodi gagvaborota: am saaxalwlo dReebSi, roca Cveni samSoblos Tavze avi Rrublebi dajarda, gaZlebas, gamxnevebas vusurvebT Cveni eris TiToeul
WeSmarit gulSematkivars.
xolo saeWvod galaRebul xelisuflebas kidev erTxel
vurCevT, gons moegos, nu daupirispirdeba daviT aRmaSeneblis ukvdav anderZs!
axsovdes, saqarTvelos momavali mxolod da mxolod
erovnuli saxelmwifos aSeneba_gamagrebaze gadis.
sxva gza globalizaciisa da kosmopolizmis ufskrulisaken migvaqanebs. igi saqarTvelos erovnuli TviTmyofadobis
waSlis sorosuli gzaa!
2004 w.
midiT, dascineT, gadauareT...
daRvremili ilajgawyvetili, mSieri, sasowarkveTili
xvdeba axal wels saqarTvelo.
araerovnuli xelisufleba Cqarobs saqarTvelos daqcevas
da iavarqmnas.
252
qveyanaSi terori, `nacionalistTa~ diqtatura, despotizmi mZvinvarebs.
xelisuflebas yovel nabijze etyoba, rom sZuls qarTveli
xalxi.
sityva `qarTvels~ ratom vusvamT xazs, dakvirvebuli
mkiTxveli mixvdeba.
saxelmwifo televiziis monitoringis komisiis wevrebi televiziis SesasvlelTan dganan da damsaxurebul, xandazmul Jurnalistebs (mTeli sicocxle rom televizias
Seswires) SenobaSi ar uSveben. komisiis uRirsi wevri daviT
paiWaZe saxegamgelebuli xels urtyams magidas, roca paiWaZes
damsaxurebuli Jurnalisti dodo iordaniSvili esaubreba (es
is dodo iordaniSvilia, romelic samsaxurebrivi movaleobis
Sesrulebisas samudamod daxeibrda).
TiTqos dasciniso dapyrobil-damonebul saqarTvelos,
zeims zeimze awyobs `vardebiT mosuli~ xelisufleba.
zeimi-inauguracia, zeimi-Tbilisoba, zeimi `revoluciis
wlisTavi~, ... wvril-wvril zeimebze aras mogaxsenebT.
xalxi SimSiliT wydeba da saaxalwlo zeimebisTvis qalaqis
meriam 326 aTasi lari gamoyo, meriis win yinulis moedani rom
gaakeTon, xolo yinuli londonidan unda Camoitanon.
aseTi fufunebis uflebas saaxalwlod Tavs ar aZleven:
safrangeTi, germania, espaneTi, italia, dania, holandia...
tirian studentebi, axali kanoniT universiteti xerxemalSi gadagvitexeso, tirian quCaSi gamoyrili umuSevrebi,
romelTa ricxvi katastrofulad izrdeba, tirian imeddakarguli ltolvilebi, tiris motyuebuli saqarTvelo...
am dros xelisufalni uazro RimiliT mi da mo awydebian,
sadRac garbian, Cqaroben, xalxs TvalSi nacars ayrian.
326 aTasi lari yinulis CamotanaSi unda daxarjon da
bavSvebis usayvarles `dilas~ weliwadSi sul 30 aTasi lari
sWirdeba. amdenive eyofa `mwerlis gazeTs~, magram zrdilobian uars ki ara, utifrul xulignur uars eubnebian.
mwerlebs, erovnuli cnobierebis upirveles damcvelebs,
xelisufleba sami TiTis kombinacias uCvenebs: `TavSi qva iec
da isa hqeni~-o.
253
am striqonebs sicivisagan welgakavebuli, gayinul mweralTa kavSirSi vwer.
xelisufalni axal wels Sampanurebis baTqa-buTqiT Sexvdebian, me ki Cems TanamokavSireebTan erTad mweralTa kavSirSi unda vegdo da dilamde vewamo, rom goka gabaSvilis
mier gamogzavnilma naZiralebma karebi ar Semoamtvrion da
Senoba ar daikavon.
gamarjvebulebi xarT, Zvirfaso xelisufalno, da midiT,
dascineT, gadauareT saqarTvelos.
gafrTxildiT kia: e mand londonidan Camotanil yinulze
fexi ar dagicurdeT.
2004 w.
prezidenti _ axali, problemebi _ Zveli
saqarTvelos axali prezidenti hyavs.
Cxubis mere xelebis qnevas hgavs axla saubari imaze, rom
parlamentis SenobaSi Sevardna da xalxis mier arCeuli parlamentis garekva danaSaulia, rom 4 ianvars, saRamos rva saaTze, Sewyda arCevnebi da xuTi saaTiT adre centraluri saarCevno komisia ukve ulocavda mixeil saakaSvils `brwyinvale
gamarjvebas~, xolo sulswrafi prezidenti metexi-palasSi
ukve milocvebs iRebda.
... da es maSin, rodesac xmebis daTvla jer kidev ar iyo
dawyebuli.
rac moxda, moxda.
axla mTavaria, yvelani, eric da beric, davirazmoT imisaTvis, raTa saqarTvelos saTaveSi amerikis daxmarebiTa da
telerevoluciiT mosul sameuls, rac SeiZleba, naklebi Secdoma davaSvebinoT.
axla `ololos~ SeZaxilis da `saqmis garCevis~ dro ar aris.
miT umetes, rom msoflioSi ar arsebobs instancia, romelic `gamarjvebulebs gaasamarTlebs~ da etyvis msoflios:
is, rac saqarTveloSi Caidines, xelisuflebis Secvlis ara-
254
konstituciuri, arakanonieri, araswori saqcielia.
sameuli ukve im savarZlebSi zis, ra savarZlebisTvisac
`TavganwirviT~ ibrZoda.
daviwyoT iqedan, rom prezidenti axalia, problemebi ki _
Zveli.
dasadburenebelia ruseTis mier warTmeuli teritoriebi
_ afxazeTi da samaCablo.
asamuSavebelia gayinuli mrewveloba da soflis meurneoba.
gasacocxlebelia mkvdari ekonomika.
Sesavsebia biujeti.
mosagvarebelia gaukuRmarTebuli urTierTobebi centrsa
da regionebs Soris.
dasarigebelia mavanTa mier mitacebuli, dRemde gaucemeli xelfasebi da pensiebi.
mosapovebelia samuSao adgilebi da nabij-nabij gasazrdelia xelfas-pensiebi, dasamarcxebelia korufcia.
amas Tundac oTx enaze lamazi WikWikiT da dapirebebiT
ver gaakeTeb.
saqme, saqmea saWiro... saqme ki, cota ar iyos, ufro Zneli
saqmea, vidre TanamoazreTa garemocvaSi moqceuli da broneJiletSi gamowyobili revolucioneris Zaxili: _ `gadadeqi!
gadadeqi!~
rogor davukargav; gamexarda, roca prezidentobis kanditdati mixeil saakaSvili cxinvalSi Sevida da iqaurebs
gamoucxada: icodeT, es saqarTveloa da droa, SeeguoT am
garemoebaso.
magram sityvebidan erT saaTSi gamodis TviTmarqvia prezidenti kokoiTi da acxadebs: ver mivuswari am provokators,
Torem davapatimrebdio.
axla? ra gegmebi aqvs axalgazrda prezidents imisaTvis,
raTa saqarTvelos miwaze SevardnaZis danaSaulebrivi SecdomebiT gamoCekili crusaxelmwifoebis cruprezidentebs
(arZinba, kokoiTi) qarTuli miwebis mitacebis mada daukargos?
jerjerobiT qveynis `sasikeTod gardasaqmnelad~ mxolod
is gakeTda, rom inkasatorebis instituti gavauqmeT (?), gaubedurebul pensionerebs 14 laris misaRebad sabanko ganyofile-
255
baSi davarbeninebT (?) da `garevaWrobas~ gabedulad SevutieT
(?)... amisTvis moxda revolucia? kvlav ver varigebT xelfasebs da, miuxedavad samarTliani Tu usamarTlo daWerebisa,
kvlav dagrafikebulia eleqtroenergia.
RmerTma gaZleba mogces prezidento.
SeuZlebels rom ver SeZleb, mec kargad vici, magram am
jerze iqneb ori mTvari saqme miiyvano bolomde: aamoqmedo
msoflios progresuli sazogadoeba (upirvelesad amerika
da ruseTi), raTa rogorme davibrunoT warTmeuli teritoriebi afxazeTi da samaCablo. da mTeli Seni axalgazrduli
SemarTebiT Seutio korufcias.
rogori unda iyos qarTveli mwerlis damokidebuleba am
movlenaTa mimarT, rac ukanaskneli Tveebis saqarTveloSi
xdeba?
qarTveli mwerali, rogorc es saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi xdeboda, unda iyos keTili da gonieri mrCeveli Tavisi xalxisa.
`ar daamadlo, poeto, fiqri...~ gveubneboda murman lebaniZe da, RmerTma nu qnas, WeSmariti qarTveli mweraldi revoluciis qartexiliT aforiaqebul saqarTveloSi SeiyuJos SuSabandSi (rogorc es ukve igrZnoba zogi Cveni `klasikosis~
saqcielSi), aqaoda, rac axla gareT xdeba, me ar mexebao.
mwerloba xelisuflebis yovel nabijs gansjis quraSi unda
atarebdes, drodadro Seaxsenebdeas prezidents aqtualur
problemebs da asrulebdes dinji, konstruqciuli opozicioneris rols.
gavixsenoT, ramdenma niWierma literatorma daisamara
Tavi, rakiRa berias, mJavanaZis, SevardnaZis taSismkvrelis
rols ver gascda.
Cvens mTavar saqmes _ eris guSagobas, Tanamedroveobis mxatvruli matianis Seqmnas, erovnuli cnrobierebis dacvisTvis Tanmimdevrul brZolas _ erTxel kidev SegaxsenebT, Zvirfaso mwerlebo.
win axali saqarTvelosken!
2004 w.
256
mets raRas gvizams!
axali wlis SemobrZaneba, rogorc qarTvelebs gvCvevia,
lazaTianad vizeimeT. Cven xom `lxinismoyvare~, `gautexeli~
eri varT.
axali wlis Rames oci aTasamde Tbiliseli axalgazrda
ise TavfexawyvetiT bracibruc-yvancalebda `respublikis
moedanze~, garedan Semxedvares egoneboda: es qveyana arc omSi
damarcxebula aTiode wlis winaT, arc mesamedi teritoria
daukargavs, arc 30 aTasi moxalise- meomari daRupvia ruseTis
winaaRmdeg uTanasworo omSi, arc samasi aTasi ltolvili hyavs, arc rusis saokupacio jari udgas zugdidTan Sua saqarTveloSi da arc ToTxmetlariani pensiiT etanjeba mosaxleoba.
qveynis dacinva, axalgazrdebis masobrivi gamoTayvaneba
iyo qalaqis mTavar moedanze mowyobili saaxalwlo orgiabakqanalia, xolo Sin darCenilebs Tavisi ugemovnobiT, siyalbiT, daTvuri iumoriT guli gagviwyala saaxalwlo gadacemebma, ase energiulad rom reklamirdeboda mTeli Tvis
ganmavlobaSi.
Tumca es striqonebi CaSlili saaxalwlo zeimis gamo ar
iwereba. oriode weli darCa baltinis tankebiT mosul xelisuflebas da swored rom aseTi gulisamrevi zeimebiT unda
gamogveTxovos.
Cveni saTqmeli amjerad sxva ram gaxlavT:
Carixinda saaxalwlo zeimi, miwyda dafdafebis xma da namTvralev saqarTvelos euwya, rom ruseTma ganaaxla pasportebis gacema afxazeTsa da samaCabloSi. afxazeTis mosaxleobis
70 procenti ukve ruseTis moqalaqea.
gixaroden!
maS ase, rusma omiT wagvarTva afxazeTi da, nu geSiniaT,
Rirseulad davbrundebiTo, gvamSvidebda marionetuli xelisufleba.
rusma sazRvari zugdidTan gadmoitana da nu geSiniaTo,
droebiTi movlenaa, molaparakebebiT davibrunebT afxazeTso, gvatyuebda gamyidveli xelisufleba.
rusma soWi-soxumis sarkinigzo magistrali aamoqmeda da,
nu geSiniaT, es `erTjeradi mimosvlaao~.
17. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
257
rusma afxazeTSi mcxovrebT ruseTis moqalaqeoba daumtkica da, nu geSiniaT, eg jer kidev arafers niSnavso, cecxlze
navTs gvisxams Cveni uniaTo xelisufleba.
kidev ra unda moimoqmedos dampyrobelma rusma, rom afxazeT-samaCablo samudamod dakargulad miviCnioT, yovelgvari
molaparakeba fuW saqmed CavTvaloT da im gzas davadgeT,
rasac mtrisadmi daumorCilebeli yoveli normaluri qveyana
daadgeboda.
hitlers azradac ar mosvlia mis mier dapyrobil ruseTis
teritoriaze mSvidobiani mosaxleobisTvis germaniis moqalaqeoba mieca.
msoflioSi pirveli da erTaderTi SemTxvevaa, sxva qveyana
sxva qveynis moqalaqeebs dRisiT-mzisiT, usircxvilod Tavisad miiTvlides, Tavis moqalaqeobas aZlevdes.
nuTu ase unapiro da uZiroa Cveni moTminebis fiala?
sanam vijdeT gulxeldakrefilni?
xma amoiRe parlamento, xma amoiRe prezidento!
sad aris gaero, evroparlamenti, ras iqman `saqarTvelos
megobrebi?~
kievSi Sexvda putini saqarTvelos gabrazebul prezidents, naturmorti aCuqa, magram rkingzas rac Seexeba, ra
vqna, ufleba ara maqvs komerciuli firmis saqmeebSi Caverioo,
saCuqriT gulaCuyebuli Cvens prezidents warTmeul afxazeTsamaCabloze krinti ar dauZravs.
am mdgomareobasTan Segueba saqarTvelos sikvdils niSnavs.
ganvaaxloT farTomasStabiani partizanuli moZraoba!
moRalateebad gamovacxadoT saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqe
(maT Soris afxazeTsa da samaCabloSi mcxovrebi, ra erovnebisac unda iyos), visac ruseTis moqalaqeobis pasporti udevs
jibeSi! yovlis RonisZiebiT xeli SevuSaloT soWi-soxumis
rkinigzas.
win aRvudgeT ruseTis mier saqarTvelos teritoriis faqtobriv mitacebas.
2003 w.
258
mwerloba TvalSi ar gepataraos!
rac dro gadis, sadeputato asaks sul ufro vSordebi, magram jerjerobiT energiac maqvs, Zalac da gonebac, rom erTi
parlamentaroba kidev gavwio. Tanac moTxovnileba maqvs, tribunidan sityviT gamosvlis survili xandaxan SuaRamiT gamomaRviZebs xolme. rac universitetis mesame kursis studentma
Cemi pirveli wigni gamovaqveyne, im dRidan politikaSi var.
Cemi bombi da avtomati kalami iyo. roca mwerlebs gviTxres,
Tqvens wignebsa da gazeTebs veRar gamovcemTo, xalxTan sasaubrod ufro ukeTes gzad parlamentis tribuna miviCnie.
vTqvi, egeb qveyanas am tribunidan molaparake rezo miSvelaZe
gamoadges-meTqi.
parlamentma, rogorc mwerals, bevri ram momca. jer erTi,
yoveldRe SemeZlo mikrofonTan vmdgariyavi da is, risi
dawerisa da xalxTan kalmiT mitanis saSualeba ar mqonda,
parlamentis tribunidan meTqva. Tanac, Cemi kolegebis xasiaTebsac viwerdi, ubis wignakebi gavavse. parlamentSi uamravi
medrove iyo. iq qveynis bediT gulatkivebuli mxolod ramdenime kaci ijda, umravlesobas ki piradi interesebi hqonda, Tavis bizness lobirebda, kanonebs irgebda. me mxolod
erovnuli interesebi mamoZravebda. rezo miSvelaZes saxelze
erTi jixuric ki ar mdgara saqarTveloSi da biznesi ar mqonia. me, qarTveli mwerali, parlamentSi cariel-tarieli Sevedi da iqidanac aseTi gamovedi.
parlamentSi ZaliT gapolitikosebuli mwerali viyavi,
radgan literaturuli saqmianoba uSualod politikurisagan
didad gansxvavdeboda. Tavs Zalas vatandi, kanonebis Seqmnasa
da qveynis marTvaSi rogorme wvlili Semetana. magram, roca
parlamentidan wamovedi da mweralTa kavSiris mdivnad amirCies,
sulieri kmayofileba iq ufro vigrZeni. yvela mwerali, visac
sindisi aqvs, ityvis, rom rezo miSvelaZis misvlis Semdeg mweralTa kavSiri gacocxlda. magram is tribuna, saidanac yoveldRe SemeZlo erTan saubari, aRar maqvs, samagierod, `mwerlis
gazeTiT~ vcdilob, qveyanas Sevexmiano. gazeTs weliwadSi oci
aTasi lari sWirdeba. parlamentaris pensias rom viReb, Cems
col-Svils lukma-purs vakleb da samas lars am gazeTSi vdeb.
259
amas winaT erT-erT RonisZiebaze badri patarkaciSvils Sevxvdi, Tavad wamoiwyo saubari mweralTa kavSirSi saqme rogor
ariso, Tqveni gazeTi isev Tu gamodiso. vborZikobT-meTqi, _
vuTxari. badri patarkaciSvili iseTi masStabis qvelmoqmedia,
kidev maTxovris damateba aRar vakadre. magram Tavad miTxra,
situacias gadavxedav da eqvsi Tvis nomrebis gamosacemi TanxiT
dagexmarebiTo. Cven aRar Segvixsenebia, magram, albaT sityvas
ar gastexs, gulisxmieri kacia.
vwuxdi, xalxTan sasaubrod tribuna rom ar mqonda.
erTxel aslan abaSiZis davalebiT CemTan jemal gogitiZe da
valeri gelbaxiani movidnen da SemomTavazes, parlamentSi
`aRorZinebis~ siiT SemodiTo, siamovnebiT davTanxmdi. aslan
abaSiZe erovnul saqmes akeTebda da mis blokSi yofna samarcxvinod ar mimaCnda. sxvaTa Soris, parlamentSi Sesasvlelad
aseve davTanxmdebodi leiboristebs da yvela opoziciur partias. erTaderTi, moqalaqeTa kavSiris winadadebas ar miviRebdi. yovelTvis opozicioneri mwerali viyavi.
abaSiZe qarTuli eklesiebis amSenebeli, xelovnebis saocari mecenati, kargi kaci iyo. rogorc qveynis mters, ver
aRviqvamdi, mteri arc iyo. saqarTvelodan misi gaZeveba sworad ar mimaCnia. Tumca abaSiZes gandidebis mania sWirda, mediduroba, ambiciuroba da diqtatoruli Tvisebebi hqonda.
amas ver veguebodi. Tbilisidan kacs daibarebda da Tavis
kabinetTan sam dRes acdevinebda xolme. aseT mdgomareobaSi
araerTxel aRmovCenilvar. baTumidan bevrjer wamovsulvar
Seuracxyofili. me vin oxeri var, roca vaxtang boWoriSvilic
ki sami dRis ganmavlobaSi kabinetTan elodeboda. misi blokidan gasvlaze arasdros mifiqria, parlamentSi aWaris warmomdgeneli axlac siamovnebiT viqnebodi, magram am parlamentSi
yofnas azri aRar aqvs. dRes deputatTa 80 procents or bats
ver Caabareb. fraqciis Tavmjdomare winaswar afrTxilebs,
romel kanons unda misces xma. guSindeli naqeifari am direqtivas rogorRac imaxsovrebs, magram fraqciis Tavmjdomare
ar endoba, kenWisyris win mainc Camoivlis da deputatebs saTiTaod eubneba: `vaZlevT, vaZlevT!~. raoden saCoTiroc unda
iyos, am sityvebs ambobs iseTi lamazi da kargi gogo, rogoric
maia nadiraZea, romelsac did pativs vcem.
260
parlamentSi SevediT Tu ara, `aRorZinebis~ xelmZRvanelebma pirvelive Sekrebaze gviTxres: rasac `aRorZinebis~
partia dauWers mxars, Tqven xmas im kanons miscemTo. yvela
Cumad iyo, mxolod me vikiTxe _ rogor, Tu ar gvjera, rom es
sworia, maSin am kanons xma ratom unda mivce, radgan abaSiZes
ase surs, monurad xels arafers avuwev-meTqi. maSinve damiwyes aRzrda da damuSaveba. SeiZleba im wuTidanve inanes kidec
_ miSvelaZis siaSi CasmiT Tavi ras avitkieTo. Semdeg patarpatara gakveTilebs mitarebdnen, magram verafers gaxdnen, rasac mxars ar vuWerdi, im sakiTxis kenWisyris dros sxdomaTa
darbazidan gavdiodi. abaSiZe weliwadSi erTxel rom dagviZaxebda, yvelaze Tamamad isev me velaparakebodi. ra momwonda
da ra ara, daufaravad veubnebodi.
roca mZime viTareba Seiqna, vurCie: navsi unda gatexoT,
TbilisSi CamoxvideT da axalgazrda xelisuflebas daelaparakoT-meTqi. Tavi ki ar unda gaesapna, rogorc politikur partniors Seefereboda, ise unda moqceuliyo magram
abaSiZes Cemze ukeTesi mrCevlebi hyavda, Tanac saakaSvili ise
sZulda, daTmobaze ar wavida. saerTod, Wkuis damrigebeli
aravis uyvars.
mixeil saakaSvils arasodes TanavugrZnobdi, Tumca SevardnaZis opozicioneri viyavi, Cemi ganwyobis miuxedavad,
Seuracxyofilad vigrZeni Tavi, roca parlamentidan aseTi
quCuri meTodebiT gamogvrekes. pirveli qarTveli mwerali
var, vinc vardebis revoluciaze ironiuli mxatvruli nawarmoebi dawera. mweralTa kavSiris mxridan axal xelisuflebas pirveli eqvsi Tve nawilobrivi mxardaWera hqonda. Tumca,
roca mwerlebma prezidents miReba xujer vTxoveT da yuradReba ar mogvaqcia, roca man kulturis ministrs ufleba
misca, paTologi avtorebis mier gamocemuli Jurnalebi da
gazeTebi daefinansebina, xolo qarTuli mwerlobis magistraluri xazis gamtarebeli `mwerlis gazeTi~ usaxsrod datova, roca mwerlebisTvis Senobis warTmeva gadawyvita, aRvSfoTdi da saakaSvilis aqtiur oponentTa rigSi davdeqi. `Cemo
sayvarelo miSa, qarTuli mwerloba TvalSi ar unda gepataraos! mere ra, rom Sen SegiZlia mwerlis dapatimreba, misi
SimSiliT mokvla, qarTul mwerlobas ase ar eTamaSo da xeli
261
ar unda wamohkra! guram SaraZe erovnuli cnobierebis damcveli mweralia, misi dapatimreba da xuliganiviT cixeSi Casma
am xelisuflebas ar ekadreba. amiT man opozicia gaafrTxila, ar dagindobTo! Cvens axalgazrda xelisuflebas aseTi
gafrTxilebebis kaskadis wamowyebas ar vurCev, radgan aseTi
simkacre xalxSi xelisuflebis mimarT zizRs gaaRviZebs. Tuki
nacionalisturi partia ilia WavWavaZis xazis winaaRmdeg wava,
misi oprozicioneri viqnebi, magram, Tu erovnuli saxelmwifos mSeneblobis gziT ivlis, gverdiT davudgebi, karg saqmes
mxars davuWer, xolo cuds da araerovnuls gavakritikeb. es
Cvens axalgazrda xelisuflebas nu ewyineba.
2005 w.
Jvanias gankargulebiT...
rogorc ki eseni, e. w. `nacionalebi~ xelisuflebaSi movidnen, maSinve eWvi Semepara, rom ar ivlidnen im gziT, ra gziTac
ilia WavWavaZe dadioda, romelic WeSmariti nacionalisti da
saqarTvelos erovnuli medroSe iyo.
oTxi wlis win, parlamentSi yofnis dros, me, rogorc qarTveli mwerali, gavwevriandi `erovnul saqmeTa komitetSi~. saakaSvilis iniciativiT parlamentma `erovnul saqmeTa komitets~ saxeli Seucvala da `samoqalaqo integraciis
komiteti~ daarqva.
roca mizeziT davinteresdi, mipasuxa. sityva erovnuli ar
gvinda, radgan viwro-partikularistul ganwyobas gamoxatavso. Tavidanve aseTi gaxldaT saakaSvilis ganwyoba da rame
xeirs moutanda is qveyanas?
aqve gavixseneb, oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi, guram SaraZe, me
da ase Tu ise, parlamentis erovnuli frTa, sami kanonis misaRebad viklavdiT Tavs, romlis gareSec saxelmwifo saxelmwifo ar aris.
saqarTvelo rodesme mainc xom unda Camoyalibdes erovnul
saxelmwifod da unda hqondes religiis, saxelmwifo enis da
erovnuli rekvizitis kanoni? xmis CaxleCamde, yelis gagle-
262
jamde, gulisgaxeTqvamde migviyvana parlamentSi samma pirma _
saakaSvilma, Jvaniam da burjanaZem.
aqedan gamomdinare, arcerTi wuTiT ar damijerebia, rom
eseni qveynis interesebisTvis ibrZodnen. rodesac moxda `vardebis revolucia~, yvelam kargad icoda sadac daigegma, sorosis dafinansebiT. sorosi aris mTavari ideologi imisa,
rom moxdes giganturi globalizacia msoflioSi da patara
erebi TavianTi kulturiT, erovnuli cnobierebiT gaqrnen.
raki ruseTs ar gamouvida, saqarTvelosTvis waerTmia ena
da erovnuli cnobiereba, sorosi Tavis mokle WkuiT fiqrobs,
rom es amerikis SeerTebul Statebs gamouva, amitomac ar zogavs fuls, rogorme saqarTveloSi saxelmwifo enad inglisuri gamocxaddes, marTlmadidebloba Sesustdes, qarTuli
suli Cakvdes da momavali Taobebi qarTul ideologiaze aRar
aRizardos.
es aris mizezi imisa, rom movida Tu ara xelisuflebaSi
revoluciuri sameuli, ufro sworad, sorosis sameuli, im
wuTSive Cvens siwmindeebs Seuties, Secda sazogadoeba, motyuebuli darCa SemoqmedebiTi inteligenciis didi nawilic, roca
es mTavroba ukanonod movida. qarTveli eri amas gauCumda,
gauCumda mxolod imitom, rom fiqrobda, qveynis sasikeTod
iqneb rame marTla Seicvaloso, magram sul ramdenime Tve dasWirda ers, rom revoluciis WeSmarit arsSi garkveuliyo.
movidnen Tu ara xelisuflebaSi, meore dResve gamoaCines
brWyalebi da isedac mwiri finansuri daxmareba saerTod Seuwyvites qarTvel mwerlebs. saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiri
aris memkvidre saqarTvelos mweralTa im kavSirisa, romelic
1917 wels Seiqmna.
pirvel rigSi, mwerloba saxsrebSi unda moSliliyo ekonomikuradac da moraluradac, rom mTavari miznebi ganexorcielebinaT. msoflioSi ar arsebobs qveyana, sadac SemoqmedebiTi da gansakuTrebiT mweralTa kavSirebi ar iyos da ar
aris meore qveyana, sadac mwerlebs oficialurad ar exmarebodes saxelmwifo.
marto saqarTveloSi gamoucxada mTavrobam zizRi mwerlobas. daakvirdiT saakaSvilis, Jvanias da burjanaZis metyvelebas, sityvebi, marags, Tqven gagigoniaT maTgan erTxel mainc
rusTavelis, an ilia WavWavaZis, an akaki wereTlis citata?
263
sameulis cxovrebis wesidan gamomdinare Tu vimsjelebT,
isini xom arafers kiTxuloben, maT siymawvile qarTul
zRaparze, Semdeg iakob gogebaSvilis, ilia WavWavaZis, sulxan-saba orbelianisa da vaJas wignebze ar gautarebiaT. isini
ar daxrilan am wignebis wasakiTxad.
maSin, roca unda waikiTxo es Seni erovnuli fenomeni,
razedac qarTuli suli da qarTuli cnobiereba dgas, zogi
amerikaSi ustvenda, zogi ruseTSi da xelT SegvrCa araqarTuli cnobierebis matarebeli mmarTveli Zala. Zala, romelsac
provincializmad miaCnia iliaze, akakize, vaJaze laparaki.
Seuties skolas saSineli ganaTlebis reformis kanoniT, aseve
Seuties umaRles ganaTlebas, qarTul mentalitetSi absoluturad gaurkvevel kaxa lomais daavales saxsrebSi gadaemtvria qarTuli ganaTleba. ra dReSi Caayenes qarTuli eklesia
da rogor gajejildnen ieRovelebi da sxvadasxva seqtis warmomadgenlebi, kargad mogexsenebaT.
saakaSvili ager ukve erTi welia prezidentia da sityva
`qarTveli mwerali~ ar uxsenebia. mas ar dasWirvebia qarTveli mwerali.
mweralTa kavSiris Senoba xom muzeumia qarTuli kulturisa da erovnuli sulisa. am SenobaSi TveSi samjer ikribebodnen qarTveli mwerlebisa da mecnierebis saukeTeso warmomadgenlebi. am SenobaSi ilia WavWavaZem `gandegili~ waikiTxa.
aq ramdenime Tve akaki wereTeli cxovrobda. es Cveni mwerlobisa da kulturis mTeli istoriaa. Senobis yoveli kuTxekunWuli amaze RaRadebs. daviT sarajiSvilma es bina anderZiT
mwerlebs dautova. Semdeg anderZianad Senoba akaki xoStariam
iyida da manac saqarTvelodan wasvlis wina dRes mwerlebs
Caabara.
revkomma ki Senoba ukve oficialurad gadasca qarTvel
SemoqmedT. oTxmocdaToTxmeti welia saqarTvelos mweralTa
kavSiri ganTavsebulia am binaSi.
ramdenime Tvis win zurab Jvaniam xeli moawera gankargulebas mweralTa kavSiris Senobis kulturis saministrosTvis gadacemis Sesaxeb. saqarTvelos ekonomikis saministros
unda uzrunveleyo Senobis CamorTmeva CvenTvis, amiT daiwyo
yvelaferi.
264
kaxa benduqiZem Jvanias araswori gankargulebis safuZvelze dawera, rom usasyidlod unda gadaeces Senoba kulturis
saministros, Turme imitom daicves qarTvelma mwerlebma es
Senoba, imitom Seewira TaobaTa sicocxle, goneba mweralTa
budes, rom Semdeg viRac SarkovisTvis gadagveca.
benduqiZem, rogorc Cans, am Senobas Tvali daadga. ifiqra,
rad undaT mwerlebs aseTi Senobao. gadawyvita, privatizeba moexdina da gaeyida, magram radgan mixvda es xerxi ar gamoadgeboda, sxva fands mimarTa _ ganizraxa, pirvel etapze
kulturis saministrosTvis gadaeca da mere gaeyida.
kulturis ministris moadgilemac mogviwoda, rom mwerlebs kanonis Sesabamisad gagveTavisuflebina mweralTa kavSiris Senoba. Cveni gareT gayra aqvT miznad dasaxuli, cinizmi
ufro Sors ver wava.
TxuTmeti mwerali yovel Rame aq aris da Senobas darajobs, ise rogorc paolo iaSvili da ticiani darajobdnen,
vinme ukeTuri ar SemoiWraso.
ase vdarajobT Cvenc, raTa erovnuli cnobierebis mtrebma
saakaSvilis xelmZRvanelobiT, specrazmi ar gamogzavnon da
Senoba ar daikavon.
2004 w.
ar SedrkeT biWebo!
omis dawyebamde saaTebi rCeba.
movlenaTa msvleloba, rom vakvirdebi, ufro da ufro vrwmundebi, rom es yvelaferi ukve iyo 1992-93 wlebSi.
maSinac rusi xocavda mSvidobian qarTvel mosaxleobas da
axlac rusi utevs.
gansxvaveba is aris, rom maSin (da Semdegac mTeli 14 wlis
manZilze) saqarTvelos prezidenti gulmodgined umalavda
msoflios, rom rusi iyo Cveni dauZinebeli mteri. axlandeli
prezidenti rusi jalaTebisTvis politikur piris mowmendas
aRar apirebs.
urekavda maSin SevardnaZe loT elcins da loTi elcini
pirdeboda, rom saqarTvelos saqmeebSi ar Caereoda. urekavs
dResac mixeil saakaSvili putins da putini pirdeba, rom `cx-
265
invalis problema~ saqarTvelos saSinao saqmea da am saqmesTan
russ ara esaqmeba ra.
sinamdvileSi ki rusi jariskacebi garsSemoekvrnen eredvsa
da TamaraSens da dauzogavad esvrian qarTul mxares.
rogorc maSin vambobdi (da aravin iRo yurad), axlac dabejiTebiT vumtkiceb, Cvens axalgazrda prezidents, rom rusis
ndoba erT nabijze ar SeiZleba.
brwyinvale iyo 10 ivliss mixeil saakaSvilis mier gakeTebuli gancxadeba, politikurad gamarTuli, patriotuli,
vaJkacuri telefonis xaziT (jerjerobiT mxolod telefoniT) TanagvigrZnoben Cveni upirvelesi megobar-mokavSire
amerikelebi, Tumca Tavs ar iwuxeben, putins erTi saprotesto nota mainc gaugzavnon, nu xelhyof saqarTvelos teritoriul mTlianobaso.
gaero? Tumca gaeros tyuili dapirebebis imedi arc arasodes mqonia.
amerikis elCi riCard mailsi ki Tavisi Zvirfasi vilidan
mSvidad acxadebs: imedi maqvs, mxareebi molaparakebis magidas
mousxdebiano.
agaSena RmerTma, ufro did sibrZnes vin, gvirCevda!
romeli mxareebi, ser? nuTu marTla ggonia, rom Cvens miwas dapatronebuli stumari osebis Tavwvrili atamani marTla mxarea?
Cven rusi gveomeboda 1992 welsa da ruseTi axlac
gvicxadebs oms.
gana omis gamocxadeba ar aris dumis mier axlaxans miRebuli gancxadeba, rom CrdiloeTi da samxreT oseTi erTi qveyanaa, meTvramete saukunidan ruseTis qveSevrdomobaSi Sesuli
da iq qarTvels ra esaqmebao?
Tundac erTi rusi deputati SeewinaaRmdega am sisuleles?
ase erTsulovania ruseTis politikur-sakanonmdeblo
mmarTveloba, roca qarTvelTa Caylapvis dadgenilebas iRebs.
axla Cvens saomar samzareuloSi CavixedoT.
daiWra Svidi kaci... rusebi cxvrebiviT gvxocaven da Cven
gavyviriT _ `provokaciebs ar avyveTo~.
`provokaciis~ SiSiT 50 qarTveli policieli `mSvidad~
bardeba mters, mSvidad iCoqebs `gamarjvebuli~ rusis da osis
winaSe da, roca mesame dRes am nacem, moralurad gaupatiure-
266
bul biWunebs ukan gvibruneben, masmediis warmomadgenlebi
ukan misdeven, iqneb Cvens `gmir~ policielebs interviu CamovarTvaTo.
vaJkacurad moiqca irakli oqruaSvili. `moaSoreT aqedan... gamoviZiebT, vin gasca iaraRis dayris brZaneba da sastikad davsjiTo~...
icis irakli oqruaSvilma, ra didia ormocdaaTi qarTveli
jariskacis mtris winaSe daCoqebis moraluri zarali.
damarcxebuli qarTuli jaris mimarT rwmena Zlivs
gangvimtkicda da is mcireodenic Cakles gulSi ujigro `policielebma~.
ra ubedureba gvWirs, ra dagvemarTa?
amas winaT `osurma mxarem~ uSiSroebis TanamSromlebi daakava ori dRiT da unda genaxaT, ra tiril-zluquniT
Caefskvnen gaTavisuflebulebi TavianT mSoblebs da mamidaSvilebs, gegonebodaT sul mcire aTi weli mainc itanjes
jurRmulebSi da, rogorc iqna, daaRwies Tavi tyveobaso.
CvenTan xom saomari operaciebi mSobelTa jgufebis TanxlebiT da zedamxvedvelobiT mimdinareobs.
`sadaa Cemi Svili, Se gaTaxsirebulo... Cemi Svili damibrune
axlaveo...~ epotineboda mklavze romeliRac deda saxelmwifo
ministrs, roca goga xaindravam, cxinvlaidan 50-is nacvlad
47 `saxelovani policieli~ gamoiyvana.
Cemi saqme rom iyos, im policielTa meTaurs cixeSi Cavalpobdi, xolo xuT aTeul mxdal qarTvel ymawvils as rozgs davkravdi Tavisuflebis moedanze mTeli saqarTvelos
dasanaxad.
maqvs amis Tqmis moraluri ufleba: erTaderTi Svili gavuSvi rusebis winaaRmdeg omSi afxazeTisTvis da vaJkacurad
dacemul Cems gmir Svils avtomati ise magrad hqonda CabRujuli, xeli mkvdarsac ver gaaSvebines.
ras hqvia `iaraRis dayra~, Se dedalo!
qamari rom Semogxsnes, qeCoSi xeli gtaces da dagaCoqes,
xom iq damTavrda Seni vaJkacoba.
`provokaciebis ar ayolazec~ maqvs Cemi Sexeduleba.
nu avyvebiT provokaciebso da, CavbardeT aba ormocdaaTormocdaaTad mters?
roca gesvrian, Tu guli gaqvs, Senc unda esrolo, Tu ara
267
da, unda daiwyo xeli yurebze (kinaRam sxva sityva wamomcda)
da gaerido brZolis vels.
miatovo qarTuli soflebi bedis anabara da samarcxvinod
gamoiqce.
aseTi ram ukve Caidina qarTvelma mxedrobam 1993 wels, da
Tu dRes sxva saqarTveloSi vcxovrobT, yvelani erT muStad
unda SevikraT momxdurTa winaaRmdeg.
ar SedrkeT, biWebo! marto paradis jaris saxeliT nu SexvalT istoriaSi. Tqven Svilebsa da SviliSvilebs avnebs, icodeT, Tqveni Sercxvenili saxeli!
Cvenc wamovalT, mamebic wamovalT da vibrZolebT Tqven
gverdiT!
saqarTvelos dapyrobas cdilobs rusi da zog ugunur kavkasiels imdeni gageba ara aqvs, rom saqarTvelos damarcxeba
mTeli kavkasiis damarcxebas niSnavs.
Tu varT eri da Tu varT qveyana, Cveni damoukideblobisTvis ise unda vebrZoloT dampyrobels, rogorc ukanasknel
aTwleulebSi avRaneTi ibrZoda, rogorc CeCneTi da erayi
ibrZvis.
ar unda gavajejiloT qarTul miwaze rusi dampyrobeli.
unda Seignon erTxel da samudamod jalaTebma, rom afxazeTi da samaCablo saqarTveloa da CvenTvis rusis mier am
Cveni miwa-wylis warTmevas arasodes SevurigdebiT.
2004 w.
Ria werili kulturis ministrs
goka gabaSvils
goka!
Sen Cemi Svilis tola xar da, samwuxarod, mxolod asakiT
hgavxar Cems Svils. igi axla saZmo saflavSi wevs, Sen, RmerTma
Cemi aCikos daklebuli wlebi Segmatos da, ministri xar.
cota Soridan daviwyeb.
1993 wlis 16 seqtembers gagaxseneb. maSin mamaSeni kote gabaSvili qalaqis meri da SevardnaZis uerTgulesi TanamebrZoli iyo, dRes parlamentis wevri da SevardnaZis uerTgulesi
mteria, rusebi soxums bombavdnen. qalaqis meri aeroportSi
ijda da moxaliseTa razmebs `adgenda~.
268
mis win sazarbazne xorcad motyuebul ymawvilTa grZeli
rigi idga. aCikos vinaoba rom gaigo, xmamaRla gamoacxada:
_ axalgazrdebo, mwerali miSvelaZe Tavis erTaderT Svils
omSi gzavnis, ai, misabaZi magaliTi!
eg yvelaferi kargi, magram iqve, im dReebSive, imave aeroportidan mamaSenma Sen germaniaSi gagafrina, saqarTveloSi
omia da emand Cems gokas farsagi araferi SeemTxvaso.
eg arc maSin gamkvirvebia, mTavrobis yvela wevrma sazRvargareT gadamala Tavisi Svili da kote gamonaklisi ratom
iqneboda.
mamulis dasacavad Cemi da Wabua amirejibisTana uCino
xalxis Svilebs unda eomaT da rogor iomes, qveyanam icis.
gakvirvebiT sxva ram gamikvirda: roca Svilis cxedari
Camomisvenes, saburTalos sasaflaoze adgili ar aRmoCnda.
uadgilobis gamo meri uars ambobso, SemomiTvales. gadaeciT,
me Cemi ubedureba myofnis da mand ar momiyvanos, misi colSvilis codo ar damados-meTqi, SevuTvale.
bolos ikadra da gamomiyo gmiri biWisaTvis sasaflao.
Sen yovelive amaSi damnaSave, rasakvirvelia, ara xar.
ubralod, Seni aRzrdis erTi mamaSeniseuli meTodi gavixsene.
swavlagasrulebuli SevardnaZis saqarTveloSive dabrundi.
Sen ministris TanaSemwed gagamweses, mamaSeni _ elCad germaniaSi.
gaivlis dro da vardebis revoluciis mosamzadebel jgufSi aRmoCndebi.
soross ase surso, agixsnes da Senc ar giyoymania. erTi
gikiTxavs mxolod: ki magram, mamaCemi rom SevardnaZistiao?
ara uSavs, eg nuRar dagaRonebso, dauSoSminebixarT.
Tu SevardnaZe gaimarjvebs, mamaCemi xom elCia, mec, misi
Svili, masTan erTad gamarjvebuli viqnebio, xolo Tu `vardebi~ gaimarjvebs, orive (mamaSvili) xom gamarjvebuli viqnebiT
da viqnebiTo.
saakaSvilisa da Jvanias ukan erT-erT mitingze televizorSi Seni SiSisagan awrialebuli Tvalebi gakrTa da es sakmarisi
aRmoCnda, kulturis ministris xalaTi eboZebinaT SenTvis.
ra niSniT, ra SromebisTvis, ra saxelovani RirsebebisTvis dagavales kulturis Tavkacoba, aravin dainteresebula.
revoluciis sameuls ase surda! morCa da gaTavda.
269
Sen TviTon uars rogor ityodi. `Tavi ar eRirsebodas~
epoqa karga xania damTavrda.
Cajeqi Tu ara ministris savarZelSi da miikete kabinetis
kari, im dRidanve zizRi gamoucxade qarTul xelovnebas.
swored imas, goka, riTac Tavi mogvaqvs qarTvelebs, razec
Tavidan bolomdea dafuZnebuli qarTuli fenomeni da ris
dacva-aRorZinebisTvisac Seni saministro unda iyos mowodebuli.
imdeni moaxerxe, rom erovnuli cnobierebisagan daclilma
xelisuflebam SemoqmedebiTi kavSirebisTvis gamoyofili mwiri Tanxa Sen gadmogiloca, kulturaSi kargad erkvevi da es
fuli Sen gaanawileo.
Senc modeqi da `anawile~. fexebze daikide mweralTa, mxatvarTa, Teatris moRvaweTa, kompozitorTa, qoreografTa,
dizainerTa moTqma-godeba da aTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi, jiutad
Seaqcie zurgi WeSmarit, saxelganTqmul, xalxisTvis sayvarel mweralT da xelovanT, jiutad afinanse Seni da Seni lazRandara Zmakacebis mier mofiqrebuli, drois gatarebisTvis,
maTi termini rom vixmaro, `sakaifod~ mofiqrebuli RonisZiebebi: `baTumis Soufestivali~, `gonios literaturuli blickonkursi~, `Sou paxmelia~, `mweralTa da xelovanTa foTis
koleqtiuri TevzWera~ da aseTi paTologiuri simaxinjeebi.
uCvenebda meore dRes saxelisuflebo (axla rom xalxis mosatyueblad `sazogadoebrivi~ surT daarqvan) televizia ludis
boTlebiT xelSi, `paxmeliaze~ moZigZige uniWo poetebs da amiT
dascinoda samaCablos dabrunebisTvis xelisuflebis uazro,
windauxedav farTxalSi damarcxebul saqarTvelos, romelsac
Sin ocdaaTi cxedari esvena savalalod da TavSisacemad.
Sen ki saqarTvelos am gamoucxadebeli, sayovelTao glovis Jams, dahkari fexi da saberZneTSi amoyavi Tavi. aba, ra geqna. xelovnebis aRorZinebisaTvis gamoyofili fuli raRacaSi
xom unda dagexarja. marTla xelovnebis warmomadgenlebs xom
ar daurigebdi sulis mosaTqmelad, qaRaldis da funjis SesaZenad.
raki Sevatyve, rom mwerlobisaTvis sasikeTo araferi
gqonda Cafiqrebuli, raki Zalian gautie, gaviwyvite Sublis
ZarRvi da movedi Sens karze.
270
samjer gamomabrunes, ministri dakavebuliao.
meoTxed mosvlisas mdivans gavepasuxe, vici, dakavebulia,
magram iqneb moaxsenoT, me, mweralTa kavSiris mdivani revaz
miSvelaZe, xuTwuTian miRebas vTxov-meTqi.
vzivar, gelodebi. gavida daaxloebiT sami saaTi. mdivani
am xnis ganmavlobaSi xuTjer Semovida SenTan. Tu moaxseneTmeTqi? movaxsene, magram araferi uTqvamso.
bolos, Seuracxyofisagan gaTeTrebuli, raRac saqmeze
gamosuls karebSi dagxvdi da kabinetSi Segyevi.
Segyevi da mwared vinane. gabolil kabinetSi Sen da Seni
moadgile TaTa qvariani, rogorc Canda, im `msoflio problemas~ wyvetdiT, Tu rogor dagefinansebinaT morigi `Sou
paxmelia~ da CemTvis rogorRa moiclidiT.
es, rac Seexeba Sens uzrdelobas.
mweralTa kavSirs Zalian uWirs; ratom mogvixseniT stipendia (rac saxelmwifo daxmarebis saxiT msoflios TiTqmis yvela
qveyanaSi eZlevaT mwerlebs), usaxsrobis gamo ver vaxerxebT
literaturuli RonisZiebebis Catarebas, ver vcemT wignebs,
suls Rafavs-meTqi literaturuli presa, Camogimarcvle.
Tvalebi Werisken inbecilurad aaparpale da gulwrfelad
mkiTxe:
mweralTa kavSiri kidev arsebobso? ratom ar auqmebT, eg
xom komunisturi gadmonaSTiao.
aRar giTxari, komunisturi gadmonaSTi SevardnaZis naZmakacari mamaSeni da komunistebis ZuZuTi, komunistebis kalTaSi
gazrdili Sena xar, me ki rac kalams movkide xeli, sul komunistebs vakritikebdi-meTqi. aRar giTxari, ar gabrazdes da
uaresi sisulele ar Caidinos-meTqi.
kidev ufro aaparpale Tvalebi da meore SekiTxva damisvi:
mweralTa kavSiri sad ariso.
maCablis quCazea, maCablis quCa ki leninis moednis asaxvevSi, marcxniv pirvelive quCaa-meTqi.
saidan gecodineboda, sad aris mweralTa kavSiri, iq xom
mamaSens _ qarTuli enis specialists, bavSvobaSi arasodes
mouyvanixar, Sen ki Seni surviliT raze moxvidodi. eg ki
ara, rac ministri gaxdi, Sengan dauxmareblad mweralTa kavSirSi am aTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi ivane maCablis, akaki wereT-
271
lis, terenti granelis, SoTa niSniaZis saiubileo saRamoebi,
uamravi literaturul-SemoqmedebiTi Sexvedra gavmarTeT,
yovel maTganze mogiwvieT, magram arc erTxel mweralTa sasaxleSi fexi ar Semogicda. saxelovani mwerlebi davkrZaleT,
arc dakrZalvaze mousamZimre WirisufalT. es iyo Seni auxsneli zizRis gamoxatuleba mwerlobis mimarT.
stipendiaso, dagvpirdi maSin, mxolod 65 wlis (da meti
asakis) mwerlebs davuniSnavo, literaturul RonisZiebebs
da `mwerlis gazeTs~ saTanado proeqtis warmodgenis Semdeg
davafinansebo.
madloba mogaxsene. ra vicodi, rom dagvcinodi.
erT kviraSi mogitaneT samocdaxuTSesrulebul, sastipendio mweralTa sia, gadaxede da saxe mogemgela, Zalian bevri
yofilxarT, 70 wels zemoT dagastipendiebTo.
wamoviRe is sia da erT kviraSi gaaxleT 70-ianebisa.
gadaxede da saxe mogeloma: Zalian bevri yofilxarTo. 75
wlis mwerlebs ki, wyali ar gauva, usaTuod davafinansebo.
erT kviraSi mogadeqi im mweralTa siiT, romlebsac 75 karga xania Seusrulda.
gadaxede sias da saxe mogemgela: Zalian bevri yofilxarTo. waiRe es sia da 80 wlis mweralTa sia momitaneTo. mtki­
ced maqvs gadawyvetili 80 wlis mxcovan mwerlebs aRvudgino
22-lariani stipendiao.
roca am ukanasknelTa dafinansebazec uari gviTxari, mivxvdi, visTan mqonda saqme, yuri unda amexia SenTvis, magram Cems
Tavs ar vakadre.
mere `mwerlis gazeTis~ dafinansebazec uari gvtkice da
arc literaturul RonisZiebaTa (iubileTa, SexvedraTa) Casatareblad gamogviyavi Tundac erTi lari.
esec ar gvakmare. Sen da kaxa benduqiZem (`gulqva~) mwe­
ralTa kavSiris Senobas daadgiT Tvali da Jvanias ukanonoba
CaadenineT, #50 gankargulebaze xeli moawerineT, mweralTa
kavSirs kuTvnili sasaxle CamoerTvaso.
axla, roca am striqonebs vwer, goka, Casatarebelia rafiel
erisTavis, grigol orbelianis, grigol abaSiZisa da ana kalandaZis iubileebi, mweralTa sasaxleSi dagegmili gvaqvs
aTiode literaturuli disputi da SemoqmedebiTi saRamo,
Cven ki, qarTveli mwerlebi, sasamarTloSi vzivarT, ariqa,
sulgayidulma xelisuflebam Senobidan ar gamogvasaxloso.
vina xar, goka? vin mogavlina qarTuli kulturis dauZinebel mtrad. nuTu ise gaqvs gasqelebuli yuris apki, rom ar
gesmis WeSmarit profesionalTa, klasikosTa xma?
waikiTxe gazeTebi; yvela normaluri qarTveli mwerali
mogiwodebs, sisulele, saukunis codva ar Caidino da mwerlebs aswlovani sasaxle ar waarTvao, Sen ki Tvalebs uazrod
atrialeb da Sensas mierekebi.
vici, SenTvis ar arian avtoritetebi: Wabua amirejibi, ana
kalandaZe, otia ioseliani, oTar WilaZe, merab elioziSvili,
nodar wuleiskiri, muxran maWavariani... arc qalbatoni sandra
rulovsi, romelic am saqmesTan dakavSirebiT specialurad
mobrZanda mweralTa kavSirSi da dagvaimeda: rogor SeiZleba mweralTaTvis sasaxlis warTmeva, am aRmaSfoTebel faqts
dResve miSa saakaSvils vetyvio.
SenTvis avtoritetebi, goka, erTi telearxi da Sen mier
gamogonili xelmocaruli mwerlebi arian, romelTac Rirebuli jer araferi SeuqmniaT, magram utifroba da ambicia
hyofniT, saqarTvelos TvalSi nacari Seayaron.
gamoixede Seni gabolili kabinetis fanjrebidan. dainaxe, ra
xdeba Seni gulgrilobiT ganadgurebul qarTul xelovnebaSi.
gaiyina Teatrebi... aRar iReben films, funjisa da tilo-saRebavis fuli ara aqvT mxatvrebs... axali nawarmoebebi
orkestramde ver miutaniaT saxelovan kompozitorebs.
antisimRera, antiestrada, gulisamrevi manWva-grexa dRiTi dRe aviwrovebs WeSmarit qarTul hangebs.
Sen da TaTa qvariani ki Tqvens Tanatol da aucileblad
umwifars uniWo xelovanT aZlevT asparezsa Tu gasaqans.
savalalo dReSia muzeumebi. wvima recxavs da anadgurebs
Cvens wminda adgilebs, saxelovno wisqvilebs. yofilxar, goka,
konstantine gamsaxurdias iavarqmnil muzeumSi, niko lorTqifaniZis, daviT kldiaSvilis, uSangi CxeiZis, akaki wereTlis...
muzeumebSi?
yoveldRiurad Senobebs arTmeven biblioTekebs, wignebs
quCaSi hyrian da iq saxinkle-samorineebs xsnian.
Sen ki, kulturis beci ministri, xmas ar iReb.
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18. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
273
gaiyida arqiteqturuli da kulturuli Zeglebi _ baTumis
`inturisti~ da Tbilisis `iveria~. Sen arc maSin amoiRe xma.
sxvas ras unda movelodoT, roca Sen TviTonve werils
werilze gvigzavni: mweralTa sasaxle _ istoriuli, arqiteqturuli, kulturuli Zegli _ dacalos mweralTa kavSirmao.
vai, im saqarTvelos, goka, sadac Sen, SuSabandSi gazrdili,
quCaSi gamousvleli, kulturis inCi-binCis armcodne snobi,
kulturis ministri iqnebi.
2004 w.
saSineleba
SarSan, 24 ivniss jemal ajiaSvili da me jvris monasterSi
rusTavelis freskasTan videqiT.
am dRes Cemi cxovrebis yvelaze didi ocneba amisrulda _
rusTavelis freskas vemTxvie.
maqsime aRmsareblisa da ioane damaskelis ferxTiT mokrZalebiT miuxatavs dedamiwis upirvels poets Tavisi avtoportreti.
me ase wavikiTxe is warwera da Cemi Tavi davarwmune, rom
`vefxistyaosnis~ damweri didi mxatvaric iqneboda.
rvaasi weli gaZlo grZneuli mxatvris jadosnurma saRebavma.
samasi wlis winaT TeTrad gadaRebes da gasuli saukunis
samocian wlebSi qarTvelma mecnierebma (a. SaniZe, i. abaSiZe, g.
wereTeli) axali sicocxle aCuqes.
ubednieresi kaci viyavi, genialuri SoTas rvaaswlovan
TeTr wvers vkocnidi.
Tavzari dameca wuxelis iavarqmnili freskis xilvisas.
meaTe saukuneSi qarTvelTa mier agebuli RvTis saxli
swored iq, wminda miwaze, qristes saflavTan axlos, avi Tvalis samizne iyo yovelTvis.
asi wlis nakurTxi ar iyo, yizilbaSebma pirvelad rom
wagvarTves, daviT aRmaSenebelma daibruna mamluqTa SemweobiT.
isev iZales momxdurTa da Tamar mefem gadaafara monas-
274
ters mowyale kalTa.
ager a, mecxramete saukunis dasawyisSi berZnebma wagvarTves qarTuli kulturis udidesi kera, romlis qarTulobaSi
TviT berZen mecnierebsac arasodes SehparviaT eWvi (qarTul
arqiteqtura-CuqurTmebs rom Tavi gavaneboT, gavsebulia qarTuli freskebiT).
nuTu verasodes davibrunebT-meTqi, vkiTxe saqarTvelos
elCs revaz gaCeCilaZes.
SegviZlia gamovisyidoT, berZnebi 2 miliardad hyidiano.
or miliardad unda viyidoT-meTqi Cveni qoneba, winaparTa
danatovari? ori miliardi vin mogvaSava-meTqi.
...da ai xelhyves saqarTvelos yvelaze didi ganZi _
rusTavelis erTaderTi freska.
daculi iyoo... berZnebi saTuTad inaxavdneno.
ar daijeroT.
erTi rusis gamoyruebuli iRumenia da samiode berZeni
beri dafaTurobda uzarmazari taZris talanebSi.
araviTari SeiaraRebuli dacva, araviTari saxelmwifo yuradReba me iq ar minaxavs.
ase gasinjeT, fotoaparatma mimtyuna da me da jemal ajiaSvili sami saaTis Semdeg martoni davbrundiT monasterSi
suraTebis gadasaRebad.
arc karebSi idga daraji da arc monasterSi dagvilandavs
vinme.
Cans, monastris mesveurni satrapezod iyvnen wasulni.
ase upatronod rom miutovebiaT Cveni uZvirfasesi ganZi,
xom SeiZleba freskebi vinme ukeTurma xelhyos-meTqi, jemals
gavexmiane am saSineli gafiqrebiT.
es aq ar moxdeba, es israeliao, jemalma.
aki moxda, Cemo jemal.
moxda is, risic yvelaze metad meSinoda.
albaT, aRadgens mxatvari, magram aRdgenili, is rvaas­
wlovani freska rom ar iqneba?
cremli mdis da xeli mikankalebs am sityvebis werisas.
ratom gagvwire ase, RmerTo?
aRar damTavrda axal-axali gansacdelebiT qarTuli sulis gamocda?
2004 w.
275
Tqveni dReebi daTvlilia
(ironiuli pasuxi kiTxvaze: `vin gvarcxvens~)
`respublikis Semrcxvenlebi da Tavis momWrelni~ uwin
iyvnen _ wyeul komunistur epoqaSi. vardebis revoluciam
isini erTbaSad moisrola istoriis sanagveze.
dRes saqveyno saqmeebis mruded mqsovels, diogenis fanriTac rom eZebo, ver ipovi.
marTalia, TiTo-orola `daretianebuli~ opozicioneri
jer kidev daxanxalebs Txipiani qaTamiviT, magram imaTac male
moeRebaT bolo.
rac mTavaria, opozicionerTa borot rCevebs aravin usmens.
respublika-xomaldi msoflio okeaneSi swori kursiT,
sruli svliT miapobs talRebs.
oriode magaliTs getyviT; rogor aisxleten xolme xalxze
mzrunveli xelisuflebi `borot opozicionerTa~ damRupvel
rCevebs:
ra dasamalia, saqarTvelos ekonomiurad uWirs.
am dros dro ixelTa erTma `naZirala~ opozicionerma; gaZvra-gamoZvra, sadac jer ars da saxelmwifo saWesTan TvalmouxuWavad mdgarT urCia:
saqarTvelos saqme mainc wasulia. bolo koconze xeli
mainc moiTbeT, adeqiT da strategiuli obieqtebi gayideTo.
rad unda saqarTvelos navsadguri da gemebi, raSi argia
rkinigza, ra Savqvad unda WiaTurmarganeci da sxva wiaRiseuli,
ra TavSi ixlis saaviacio qarxanas, ra yurad unda (rbilad rom
vTqva) sazRvao sanapiro _ saerTod miwa, ca, varskvlavebio...
gayideT yvelaferi, oriode groSs rom aiRebT, im fuliT
xalxs xelfasi moumateT da yvela madlieri iqnebao.
rogor fiqrobT, yurad iRo xelisuflebam es boroti rCeva?
sulma wasZlia da yvelaferis gayidva daiwyo?
aramc da aramc.
meti ara maqvs saqmeo, mtkiced upasuxa `gadamcdenels~
gayidvis saqmeTa ministrma _ Sens Wkuaze vivli da ers im
qonebas gavuyidi, romlis gareSec saxelmwifos arseboba warmoudgeneliao.
276
ra ici, xval-zeg ra xdebao.
saqarTvelos gayidvaSi aRebuli fuli, marTalia, yairaTiani mxarjvelebi varT, magram mainc rom SemogveWamos, qveyanas
`impuze~ xom ar davagdebTo.
am qveynis zRva, ca, miwa da wiaRiseuli iseve ekuTvnis 25-e
saukunis qarTvels, rogorc Tanamedroveso. ara viqm saZraxis
saqmes, saqarTvelos strategiul obieqtebs ver gavuyidio.
aba, aseTi foladuri pasuxi gaeca qveynis daRupvis mosurne opozicioners.
xazinaSi Zveli CinovnikebisTvis warTmeuli cotaodeni
fuli mainc dagrovda.
isev gamoCnda melia-opozicioneri.
axlao, eg fuli yvelas ar gawvdeba da Tqven mainc iyaviT
maZRrebio. dainiSneT `batonebma~ samiaTas-samiaTasi lari,
xolo wvril-wvril saxelmwifo moxeleebs 115 laramde gauzardeT xelfasi. danarCen saqarTvelos TavSi qva uxlia da
mucelSi samarTebelio.
rogor kadrulob aseT rCevaso, _ Tvali daubriala amoRebuli Tanxis ministrma opozicioners. vin ggonivarT bolos
da boloso. imas vizamT, rom Cven amxela xelfasi daviniSnoT
da maswavlebels, mecniers, _ eris gonebas da sindiss, erTi
laric ar davumatoT xelfasebze am gaxuTmagebuli fasebis
epoqaSio?
gawbilebul opozicioners tirilamde cotaRa aklda, magram, qveynis daqcevis surviliT Sepyrobili, xelisuflebis
karebs ar Sordeboda.
erTsac getyviT da es mainc SemisruleTo.
gismenTo, upasuxes.
codvas ver davideb, axal xelisufalT moqalaqis miReba,
sxvisi gasaWiris mosmena Zalian uyvarT.
gonieri, welSi gamarTuli, sandomiani kacebi ar gaikaroT
axloso. iseTi kadrebi SearCieT, an fizikurad iyos paTologiuri, an gonebiT brmobilio.
ver mogarTveso, lamis erTxmad upasuxes xelisuflebis
warmomadgenlebma.
Cven iseT xalxs gavikarebT gverdze, uSedego abortis
msxver­pli rom aris, mSobiarobis tramvis kvali saxeze axa-
277
tia, an bavSvobaSi tvinis anTeba aqvs gadatanilio? Cven Cvens
rigebSi SemoviCvevT imaT, vinc afxazeTs calke saxelmwifod
miiCnevs, qarTvlis dedis xelSi iseT rames dalandavs xolme,
TviT rom niadag xelSi uWiravs, xolo daviT aRmaSeneblis
Zeglis xilvisas marto cxenis yurebs (rbilad vambob) xedavs,
an qarTuli sufra mamaTmavalTa garigebis seroba hgoniao?
ankesze amaTi wamogeba Zneli yofilao, opozicionerma da
misma opoziciurma gonebam `svla~ moifiqra:
erTpartiuli parlamenti rom SeqmeniT, es ra genialurad moifiqreTo.
parlamentSi problemebi aRar gaqvT da umravlesobis
liderebis pirvelive daZaxilze: `vaZlevT!~ TviT yvelaze
moumwifebeli kanonic rixin-rixiniT gadiso.
axla bolomde magrad dadeqiT, ar daujeroT saqarTvelos sam dauZinebel mters _ miSvelaZes, SaraZes da javeliZeso.
ar miiRoT saxelmwifosTvis sruliad zedmeti, maT mier
SemoTavazebuli sami erovnuli kanonio.
ra saWiroa qarTveloba da mamis saxelio. yvelam CvenCvens gulSi davimaxsovroT, rom qarTvelebi varT, sabuTebSi sulel frangebs, germanelebs, ingliselebs, amerikelebs
da mTel msoflios rom uweria erovneba, Cven maTgan rameTi
xom unda gamovirCeodeT amayi qarTvelebio. Tu mezobel
azerbaijanSi yvelas, maT Soris qarTvelebsac azerbaijanels uweren sabuTebSi, es Cveni problema ar aris, maTi problemaao.
rac Seexeba marTlmadideblobas, daviT aRmaSeneblis
xaTri rom ar mqondes, sulac gasauqmebeliao. vis rad unda
religiis kanoni, riTaa marTlmadideblobaze naklebi ieRovelTa seqtao.
Cveni mRvdlebi mxolod jvarze akocnineben xolme mrevls (sul esaa maTi pativiscemao), ieRovelebi ki, xom xedavT,
Saqars da fqvilsac urigeben mciredmorwmuneebso.
marTalia, Saqris, fqvilis da azotis darigebis genialuri strategiiT samaCablo ver davibruneT, magram, samagierod, am gziT ieRoveloba frTebs Slis saqarTveloSi da
mec amis momxre varo.
278
aseve kategoriulad uari TqviT enis kanonis miRebaze.
uTxariT nino burjanaZes, mSobeli mama daaficeT, ar gaakaros parlaments enis kanonio.
ra saWiroa saqarTveloSi qarTuli enis saxelmwifo enad
gamocxadebao.
amiT xom saqarTveloSi momravlebul sxva erebs gavanawyenebTo.
dauJinia miSvelaZes: msoflioSi ar arsebobs qveyana, sadac parlamentis mier dakanonebuli ar aris saxelmwifo enad
saxelmwifos ZiriTadi, mkvidri eris, saxelmwifos Semqmneli
eris enao.
riT ver gaigo am kacma, rom Cven gamorCeuli mentalitetis eri varTo.
ratom unda vCaroT wamdauwum pitnasaviT cxvirSi qarTuli ena Cvens moqalaqe araqarTvelebs (somexi, azerbaijaneli,
rusi, berZeni...), romlebic uqarTulodac mSvenivrad grZnoben Tavso.
ras kadrulob, opozicionero, mTlad dakarge namusio?
daucacxana borot opozicioners maRali eSelonebis warmomadgenelma, _ Tu cneba `qarTveli~ gavauqmeT, Tu mamis saxeli
wavuSaleT kacs, Tu marTlmadidebloba saxelmwifo religiad
ar moviazreT, ra pasuxi gavceT asi wlis Semdeg, im qveynisaken
rom vizamT pirs, saiqioSi xelgaSliT Semogebebul daviTs,
Tamars, an iliaso?
marTalia, dabeCavebuli saqarTvelo lukma-puris Sovnis
fiqriTaa garTuli da jer-jerobiT arc anaRvlebs, arc erT
sabuTSi rom erovneba ar uweria, rom muxlebze uzis uerovnebo
SviliSvili, romelsac Tavissave samSobloSi xval Tu zeg gadamTielni hkiTxaven; vin xar, vis daekargeo da igi ZiriTadi, avtoqtonuri eris warmomadgenlobas verafriT daamtkicebs, magram
gava dro; qarTveli gons mova da mere yvelaferi gvian iqnebao.
an qarTuli enisTvis saxelmwifo enis funqciis warTmeva
ram mogafiqrebina, Se marTla opozicionero, Seno.
Se, kai kaco, evropaSi meezoved ar migiReben, Tu saxelmwifo ena ar ici da Cven ra wiTeli koWi varT.
keTili inebos da visac saqarTvelos moqalaqeoba unda,
iswavlos qarTulio.
279
ar elodiT aseT mtkice pasuxs xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebisagan? aba, ras elodiT. `naZirala~ opozicioneris
Wkuaze gaivlida maRali eSelonis warmomadgeneli?
metsac getyviT, atirebuli opozicioneri rom gareT daigula, man yurmili aiRo da nino burjanaZes daureka _ nino,
Tu qali xar, xvalve amoiRe nafTalinidan ybadaRebuli sami
erovnuli kanoni da miaRebine parlaments. sircxvilia, bolos
da bolos, erovnul mTavrobad vasaRebT Tavs da aqamde sami
erovnuli kanoni daviwyebis skivrSi gvidevso.
oRondac, oRondaco, kveri daukra ninom, rad minda iseT
qveyanaSi cxovreba, sadac qarTveli ar iqarTvelebs, sadac
marTlmadideblur aRmsareblobas saSiSroeba daemuqreba an
saxelmwifo enad qarTuli ar gamocxaddeba. `ena, mamuli, sarwmunoeba~, CemTvis, rogorc parlamentis TavmjdomarisaTvis,
wmidaTawmida cnebebia. aba, risTvis vzivar am maRal skamze,
an risTvis viklav Tavs sazRvargareT wamdauwum saqmiani Tu
usaqmo vizitebiTo.
amaTTan araferi gamova. marTlac, ra erovnuli xelisufleba gvyolia, Turme tyuilad ki ar atoleben daviT aRmaSenebels beWebso, gaifiqra imeddakargulma, lamis gakotrebulma
opozicionerma da bolos erTma azrma gaunaTa saxe:
mival romelime rigiT mosamarTlesTan, iqneb ubralo
mosamarTle mainc vacdunoo, xavss CaebRauWa.
mivida mosamarTle tariel zambaxiZesTan.
ra usaqmod zixaro, hkiTxa.
ra vqna, xalxi danaSauls aRar sCadis. rac vardebis revolucia moxda, yvela erTbaSad gaangelozda da vin gavasamarTlo, ar vicio, zambaxiZem.
me mogcem erT saqmeso, usindiso opozicionerma.
zambaxiZem yurebi cqvita.
marTalia, 1921 wels (28.02) saqarTvelos revkomma miiRo
gadawyvetileba maCablis q. #13 saxlis mweralTa kavSirisTvis gadacemis Sesaxeb da amis Semdeg TiTqmis 90 welia, am SenobaSia mweralTa kavSiri.
marTalia, im SenobaSi ilia WavWavaZem `oTaraanT qvrivi~
waikiTxa da akakim araerTi Rame gaaTia.
marTalia, am istoriul SenobasTanaa dakavSirebuli gal-
280
aktionis, mixeil javaxiSvilis, konstantine gamsaxurdias,
giorgi leoniZis, lado asaTianis da yvela cnobili (gardacvlili Tu cocxali) qarTveli mwerlis Semoqmedeba, magram
Sen es yvelaferi fexebze daikide da waarTvi dabal Robed
gamocxadebul yvelaze daucvel fenas _ mwerlebs, TavianTi
bude-TavSesafario.
es ra mkadreTo, qoSi ukuRma hyara mosamarTle tariel
zambaxiZem.
meo, imisTvis, rom xelisuflebis zogi inbecili warmomadgenlis madloba davimsaxuro, qarTuli mwerlobis pativiscemas amoviReb gulidano?
me xom Cveni Zvirfasi klasikosebis da Tanamedrove qarTveli mwerlebis wignebze gavizardeo.
rogor momibrundeba xeli, qarTvel mwerlebs erTaderTi
TavSesafari, erTaderTi tribuna wavarTva am mglur saukuneSio.
aba, ra ggoniaT, aseTi uangaro, mtkice da gabeduli aRmoCnda mosamarTle tariel zambaxiZe (ise daumSvenda cxviri,
r. m.).
mokled, araferi gauvida opozicias.
ra qvas eca, ra xerxs mimarTa, magram ver iqna da ver daaSvebina saqarTvelos xelisuflebas iseTi Secdoma, qveynis momavlisTvis rom saziano aRmoCndeboda.
minaweri: opocizionerTa macdunebel winadadebebs vaJkacurad, mamakacurad rom moigerieben, dRiuri SromiT, xalxze
zrunviT daRlili xelisufalni gvian RamiT Sin brundebian
da, rogor fiqrobT, sadme, viRacis mier daqiravebul oTaxSi
sosiTiTa da nardiT ki ar erTobian, aramed sakuTar colSvilSi netareben da SigadaSig mtkivneulad gamoaRviZebT
xolme sasargeblo fiqri imis Sesaxeb, Tu xval ra argon mSobliur saqarTvelos.
ase rom, gaskdiT gulze, opozicionerebo.
karga xania, rom ityvian yavli gagividaT.
Tqveni dReebi daTvlilia.
2004 w.
281
sityva msoflios mweralTa rumineTis
kolokviumze `marto globalur sofelSi~
unda daviwyo imiT, rom kolokviumis saxelwodeba friad
originaluri, SeiZleba iTqvas, poeturi SegirCeviaT.
`sofeli~ simyudroves, idilias, simSvides, Tu gnebavT
martoobasac gulisxmobs. iseTi xmauriani sityva rogoric
gaxlavT `globalizacia~ sofels da simartoves TiTqmis
gamoricxavs, xolo `globaluri sofeli~ iseve Zneli warmosadgenia, rogorc magaliTad: `Tbili yinuli~.
... da mainc momwons Cveni simpoziumis Tema _ saxelwodeba.
iqneb imitom momwons, rom Cveni diskusiis sagani Seicavs erT
keTil daskvnamde misvlis imeds _ sayovelTao globalizaciam
ar waSalos iseTi mdgradi da istoriulad gamZle fenomeni _
rogoric gaxlavT sofeli.
mecnierul-teqnikuri revoluciis saukunem, globalizaciis epoqam, vaiTu, adamianis sulis dacarielebamde migviyvanos.
zesaxelmwifoebis urTierTWidiliT da msoflio problemebis gansja-ganxilviT garTulebs, gamogvrCa adamianis sulis gakeTilSobilebis amocana, rac upirvelesad mwerlebs
gvawevs valad.
kompiuterizaciam da telezaciam erTis mxriv informaciiT gaavso Cveni goneba, xolo telekompiuters mijaWvulma
Tanamedrove moqalaqem wignisTvis veRar moicala.
uwignurobam, anu mwerlebis SeTxzuli lamazi zRaprebis
gareSe adamianis datovebam, Sedegad is moitana, rom Cveni
Tanamedrove gulisamrevad praqtikuli, angariSiani da Tqven
warmoidgineT, ufro sastiki gaxada.
sisastikis magaliTebiT guneba rom ar mogiSxamoT, Zvirfaso kolegebo, martooden erT TariRs 2001 wlis 11 seqtembers
dagisaxelebT.
Cven unda vuSveloT globalizaciiT daRlili adamianis
suls.
movaxedoT, movabrunoT igi literaturis romantikuli
samyarosken.
momxre var globalizaciisa teqnikis samyaroSi.
Cveni cxovrebis wesiT Cven karga xania gamovediT gamoqvabulebidan da ukan veRar SevbrundebiT.
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msoflios mecnierebma unda iTanamSromlon, raTa ukeTesi
gaxdes Cveni macioni...
magram aramc da aramc globalizacia kulturis, adamianis
sulieri cxovrebis sferoSi.
kulturis `prokrustes sareceli~ daRupavs kacobriobas.
Cveni dedamiwa swored rom TviTmyofadi, originaluri
civilizaciebiT aris ase mSvenieri.
me saqarTvelodan gaxlavarT. TbilisSi vcxovrob. saqarTveloSi muSaobs erTi gamocdili diplomati konstantin gerbia. igi rumineTis sagangebo, sruluflebiani elCi gaxlavT
saqarTveloSi.
ruminuli da qarTuli kulturebis Cinebulad mcodne am
kacma SeZlo kulturis muSakTa didi jgufis Semokreba da
Cven lamis yovelTviurad varT mowmeni ruminul-qarTuli xelovnebis mSvenieri RonisZiebebisa TbilisSi.
iciT, riTaa saintereso es RonisZiebebi? _ ruminul simReras qarTuli simRera mosdevs, ruminul leqss qarTuli leqsi
enacvleba...
erTi wuTiT warmoidgineT nel-nela iSlebodes TviTmyofadobis zRvari am ori uZvelesi xalxis kulturebs Soris. _
xom miviRebT motortmane kulturebis ajafsandals.
RmerTma gvaSoros aseTi ajafsandali.
es gaxlavT Cemi saTqmeli.
19 seqtemberi, 2004 w.
vin ebrZvis saqarTveloSi erovnul
cnobierebas
minda gamovTqva Cemi SeSfoTeba, eWvi imis Sesaxeb, rom SeiZleba Cvens revoluciur xelisuflebas (romelic, ver davmalav da SeeWida upirveless da umTavress _ saqarTvelos
teritoriuli gamTlianebis sakiTxs), mxedvelobidan rCeba erovnuli Rirsebebis dacva. mixaria, prezidenti xSirad
rom xmarobs aseT frazas: Cven msoflioSi yvelaze Wkviani,
gabeduli, lamazi, gamorCeuli eri varT, xom davumtkiceT
283
msoflios, Tu rogor SegviZlia vaSenoT axali saxelmwifo,
rogor SegviZlia SevcvaloT xelisufleba usisxlod. male
imasac davumtkicebT, rogor SeuZlia saqarTvelos Semoimtkicos dakarguli miwebi da dadges fexzeo. aseT erovnul
frazebs, rasakvirvelia, unda ambobdes saqarTvelos prezidenti, magram aranakleb sasurveli iqneboda, erovnuli cnobierebisTvis da problemebisTvis miexeda. albaT, fiqrobs,
rom dRes saqarTvelosTvis sxva sakiTxebi ufro mniSvnelovania. ar minda Secdes da xelidan gaeqces is umTavresi, riTac
Cven qarTuli saxelmwifo viqnebiT.
umTavresi ki, ai, ra aris: Worebs gamodevnebuli kaci ara
var, rom xelaRebiT vamtkico _ es Cveni revolucia sorosis
revoluciaa, rom yvelaferi moxda qarTveli eris dasaTrgunad. yovel mosaxvevSi gaismis: Cven araerovnuli xelisufleba
gvyavs (da asaxeleben erT-erT mezobel saxelmwifos, faqtobrivad iqauri xelisufleba gvyavso) sorosis da amerikis
gamagrebulio. Tu kaci qarTul saqmes akeTebs, imis gamo rom
mamida an bicola araqarTveli hyavs, mas verc qvas vesvri,
verc anaTemas gavugzavni da verc mis avtoritets Sevdeb sasworze. vnaxoT, aZlevs Tu ara Cveni xelisufleba Tavisi saqmianobiT sabuTs Worebs?
warmoidgineT, axali ministri Sedis Tavis kabinetSi da
avrcelebs aseT aragonivrul gancxadebas: 2005 wlidan moxdes saqarTveloSi reforma, mecnieruli kvalifikaciebis da
disertaciebis dacva or fazad _ sakandidato, sadoqtoro,
miCneul iqnas Zvelmodurad da moxdes mxolod erTi xarisxis
mikuTvnebao. meore da ufro saSiSi: Znelad swavloben skolaSi
hagiografias da rusTavels, amitom vizrunoT filologiis
sayrdenisgan ganvtvirToT skolebio. aseTive bedi daawies
saqarTvelos istorias. ar vici, aseTi siCqare, Cveni mentalitetidan gamomdinare, vin ukarnaxa pativcemul ministrs? an
Tundac 65 wlis zemoT, saSualo da umaRles skolebSi swavluli ar gaWaWandeso. ufiqrdeba, amiT ras akeTebs? uTxari, aba,
90 wlis korneli kekeliZes, 98 wlis ivane beritaSvils, an niko
musxeliSvils, universitetisTvis aRara xarT saWiro, pensiaze
wabrZandiT, Tavisuflebi xarTo?! arsebobs inteligenturobis
da inteligenciis formebi. es xom baletis cekva ar aris _
Segisrulda 35 weli da mets veRar icekveb (Tumca vaxtang Wa-
284
bukiani 70 wlis asakSic iseve cekvavda, rogorc 18 wlis biWi).
vin mogca ufleba, eZio metrika da makratliT waaWra goneba
qarTul mecnierebas? bavSvur gulubryvilobad meCveneba isic,
rom kvleviTi institutebi gaauqmo da faqtiurad mecnierebaTa
akademia, Cveni eris Rirseba, eWvis qveS daayeno. amasac rom ar
gamovekidoT, isedac sakmaod SfoTavs qarTuli inteligencia.
getyviT Cveni axali xelisuflebis ZiriTad mimarTulebas:
oTxi weli parlamentSi gaxldiT da am drois ganmavlobaSi
yelis gaglejviT vcdilobdiT mieRo parlaments sami kanoni,
uromlisodac saqarTvelo arasrulfasovan saxelmwifod
meCveneba. erTi kanoni _ es aris saxelmwifo enis Sesaxeb.
rogor ar gvebrZoda parlamentis Tavmjdomare, rom Cven
ar migveRo kanoni qarTuli enis Sesaxeb. ra eqspertebi ar
Camoiyvanes da ar dagvipirispires me da guram SaraZes.
evropeli eqspertebi Cveni dRevandeli xelisuflebis
axlo megobrebi da nacnobebi, seminarebs gvitarebdnen calke
or kacs _ gaigeT, rom saqarTvelo ar aris arc somxeTi, arc
safrangeTi! saqarTvelo mravalerovani saxelmwifoa da aq ar
SeiZleba erTi saxelmwifo ena iyoso! saidan xar-meTqi _ evroeqsperts vkiTxe. safrangeTidano. safrangeTi ar aris mravalerovani saxelmwifo-meTqi? ara, safrangeTi monoeTnikuri
saxelmwifoao. gadmoviRe wigni, sadac SaviT TeTrze weria:
Tanamedrove safrangeTSi, eTnikuri frangi mxolod 23%-ia.
saqarTveloSi qarTvelebi 51% varT. samagierod, genacvaleo,
30 wlis win miviReT kanoni, safrangeTSi ar cxovrobs aravin,
garda frangisa, yvelas moqalaqeobis damadasturebel sabuTSi uweria erovneba _ frangi. Tu safrangeTSi magis gakeTeba
SeiZleba, ratom saqarTveloSi ar SeiZleba-meTqi? imitom,
rom TqvenTan eTnokonfliqtebiao! Tu ar miviReT Sesabamisi kanonebi, eTnokonfliqtebi yovelTvis iqneba da ai, axla,
gaubedavi nabijebiT viwyebT amis mogvarebas-meTqi.
sami adamiani iyo imis kategoriuli winaaRmdegi, rom saqarTveloSi saxelmwifo ena yofiliyo qarTuli: nino burjanaZe,
mixeil saakaSvili, zurab Jvania. icodeT Tqven, maT gaimarjves da miaRwies imas, rom dRes qarTuli ar aris saxelmwifo
ena. isini maSin sxvadasxva postebze iyvnen. dRes ki revoluciis gvirgvini `sameulia~ da saqarTvelos xelmZRvaneloben.
rogor fiqrobT, dauSveben saakaSvili, burjanaZe, Jvania rom
285
qarTuli iyos saxelmwifo ena? araviTar SemTxvevaSi! es ras
niSnavs iciT? safrangeTSi ar aris arc erTi arafranguli
skola _ yvela skola frangulia. saqarTveloSi aris somxuri,
rusuli, azerbaijanuli skolebi. Cveni ministri rom movida,
Tu marTla erovnuladaa momarTuli, SuSaniks da `vefxistyaosans~ rom etaka, pirveli, rac mis Rirsebas daamtkicebda,
iqneboda is, rom gaauqmebda yvela araqarTul skolas, rogorc es mTel msoflioSia. saxelmwifo ena qarTuli rom ar
aris, aqedan gamomdinareobs uamravi gaukuRmarTeba. iciT, ra
kanoni miiRo nino burjanaZem wina mowvevis parlamentSi? _
parlamentarisTvis ar aris qarTuli enis codna aucilebeli. es xom gaugonaria?! es xom msoflio qveynebis arc erT
parlamentSi da kanonmdeblobaSi ar aris! Tu qarTul enaze
laparaks ver gaigebs somexi an azerbaijaneli, SeiZleba is
parlamentis srulfasovan wevrad CaiTvalos, man SeiZleba
saqarTveloSi kanonebi miiRos?
1919 wels Tbilisis meriaSi Seiqmna `qarTuli enis komisia~.
rodesac nebismier samsaxurSi, Tanamdebobaze iniSneboda kaci,
sadac unda yofiliyo _ borCaloSi, axalcixeSi Tu marneulSi,
es `komisia~ unda gaevlo. Tu qarTuli ar icoda da ver gaivlida, misi daniSvna ar moxdeboda. axla yvelgan yvelas niSnaven da ar ekiTxebian _ qarTuli ena ici Tu arao. parlamentis
erovnulma jgufma es didi brZoliT, pirveli mosmeniT mivaRebineT. gaaWianura procesi qalbatonma burjanaZem da axla
Tavi qudSi aqvs _ is kanoni CauSves arqivSi da aRaravis axsovs.
rekvizitis kanonic pirveli mosmeniT CxubiT, davidarabiT
mivaRebineT da Semodes isic Taroze. es romeli kanonia iciT?
amis specialisti var da mTeli pasuxismgeblobiT vacxadeb:
msoflioSi ver naxavT saxelmwifos, sadac piradobis damadasturebel sabuTebSi da gnebavT, pasportSi ar eweros erovnuloba. marto qarTul pasportSi ar weria! komunistur saxel­
mwifoSic ki yvelas ewera erovneba.
ra jiSis varT, arc erT sabuTSi ar gviweria. imas movifiqrebdi, rom movidoda mixeil saakaSvili saxelmwifos saTaveSi, Tavis Tavs gamoacxadebda zviad gamsaxurdias, erovnuli
damoukidebeli qveynis saxelmwifos memkvidred, gadaagdebda
SevardnaZes da miuxedavad amisa, ar axsenebda imas, rom es
erovnuloba Candes Tundac dabadebis mowmobaSi.
286
TviTon rogor itans amas mixeil saakaSvili, rom mis Svils
(naxevrad mainc xomaa qarTveli) ar uweria dabadebis mowmobaSi qarTveli?!.
meSinia, rodesac amisTvis moiclis, mere gviani ar iyos.
saqarTveloSi, ra dasamalia da, moZme erebis warmomadgenlebi
ufro metad mravldebian, vidre qarTvelebi, rodesac isini
imdenad gamravldebian (dRes Tu 51% varT, 50 wlis Semdeg
viqnebiT 24% _ statistika ase angariSobs) wamoayeneben aseT
hipoTezas: ratom unda iyos skolebSi swavla qarTul enaze,
an umaRles saswavleblebSi? Cven ki vityviT, rom es saqarTveloa da qarTvelebis qveyanaa, magram gvetyvian: ki magram sad
giweriaT, rom es saqarTveloa da Tqven ki qarTvelebi xarTo.
rogor gavigo, rom Sen qarTveli xar?
axla rom ilia WavWavaZes, konstantine da zviad gamsaxurdiebs wamoaxedaT da es ambavi uTxraT (aRarafers vambob daviT
aRmaSenebelze, Tamarze da sxvebze), meored mokvdebodnen.
amitomaa eWvi xalxSi _ es marTlac qarTuli xelisuflebaa
Tu ara. amitomac daeZebdnen maT sabuTebSi, ra gvari iyo misi
papa, Torem amaT rom erovnuli kanonebi mieRoT, Zebnas aravin
daiwyebda.
msoflioSi aris ori modeli: 1 _ rodesac yvelas Tavisi
erovneba ewereba: 2 _ yvelas ewereba ZiriTadi eris erovneba.
inglisSi, safrangeTSi, germaniaSi, amerikaSi, es meore modeli
moqmedebs. yvelas uweren: amerikeli, ingliseli, frangi, germaneli.
CvenTan arc erTi modeli ar aris! anu gamovigoneT axali
velosipedi, romelsac rva borbali aqvs. ufro civilizebulad mimaCnia, rom yvela aq mcxovrebs, CavuweroT `qarTveli~.
magram Tu amas ar mikeTeb, me mainc nu gamaqrob rogorc qarTvels!!!
mesame: tolerantuli eri varT da yvela religias pativs
vcemT. ase iyo odiTgan da asea dResac. magram seqtebs, TviTon evropaSic erekebian. aseTia ieRovelTa seqta saqarTveloSi. ra sasamarTloebi ar Caatara guram SaraZem, ra ar
ibrZola, adgnen da, rom moxda vardebis revolucia, es seqta
kanonierad gamoacxades. aris es swori? anda sworia, eklesias
kari rom SevungrieT, mRvdeli daviWireT da cixeSi gvyavs?
saqarTvelos istoriaSi Caixedon da naxon, rogor ebrZvian
287
kaTalikosebi SemoWril sxva religiebs. maincdamainc Cven
unda gavamravloT dRes fuliani seqtebi?
dRisiT-mzisiT mweralTa kavSirs Senobas arTmeven. am
bolo dros av sizmrebs vxedav. cudi winaTgrZnoba maqvs.
SenobaTa xelSi Cagdebis mekobruli stadia, rogorc Cans, ar
dasrulebula. ramdenime moliteraturo saqmosani Seikriba
da SecdomaSi Seiyvana zurab Jvaniac da kulturis ministric.
viTom firosmanis egidiT moZraobdnen. araviTari firosmanis
sazogadoeba ar arsebobs bunebaSi. sinamdvileSi Cafiqrebuli iyo kafe-restorani. kulturis ministrTan mivediT xuTi
kaci: otia ioseliani, mayvala gonaSvili, lado mrelaSvili,
vaJa oTaraSvili da me. avuxseniT, ris gakeTebas vapirebT am
SenobaSi. gvipasuxa, rom ar iyo viTarebaSi kargad garkveuli.
Tumca amas Tavi davaneboT. oriode sityva minda vTqva
dRevandel axladgamomcxvar mwerlebze. teleJurnalistebi
da maTze mitmasnebuli zogierTi enaWartala Jurnalistis
mier mwerlobis masxrad agdebam da gemovnebis devalvaciam
gamoiwvia is, rom `rusTavi-2~-ma saqarTvelos mwerlebad
moaCvena damwyebi, saSualoze dabali niWis kaci: radgan cxvirSi pitnasaviT Crida televizia xalxs. marTla poeti egona mixeil saakaSvils da daavala himnis dawera. araviTari
konkursi ar Catarebula da araviTari SerCeva ar yofila.
vnaxoT, vin iyvnen Jiuris wevrebi, viszec Turme saqarTvelom gemovneba unda aagos. erTaderTi mwerali _ vaxuSti kotetiSvili gaxldaT. danarCenebi: rezo siraZe, rezi TvaraZe,
zurab kiknaZe da kidev ramdenime... rezo siraZis an TvaraZis
gemovnebiT SeiZleboda himnis SerCeva? Sig margalitad ori
striqonia, isic akaki wereTlis: `Cemi xatia samSoblo, saxate
mTeli qveyana~. ratom Caagde qveyana aseT mdgomareobaSi?
erTi sityviT, bevri ram gvaqvs mosagvarebeli da nu vCqarobT. himnic gamoswordeba da heraldikasac eSveleba, magram
ar eSveleba darRveul erovnul cnobierebas. amitom mixeil
saakaSvils, vurCev, am mxaresac mixedos. ar unda daiviwyos
Cvenma xelisuflebam qarTveli eris gulisTqma da misi upirvelesi moTxovnileba:L nu wamarTmev Cems erovnebas, enas,
religias! am sam RvTiur saganZurs, rac SemorCenili aqvs
saqarTvelos.
2004 w.
288
sami Tavsatexi
2005 iwureba.
marTalia, prezidenti axalgazrda da energiuli gvyavs, imdenad energiuli, rom Cqarosnul siarulSi sakuTari dacvis
biWebic Zlivs ewevian, magram 2005 weli mainc Zalian gaiwela.
ara da, qarTveli kaci sulswrafia, marTlac rom, aRuvsebeli sawyaulia, yvelaferi erTbaSad unda.
axla gamecadinebuli imaze varT, iqneb, rac SeiZleba meti
Secdoma dauSvas saakaSvilma, rom droze momwifdes axali
revolucia.
Cven xom urevoluciod moviwyenT xolme.
Tu Cvensave moZmeze ieriSi ar mivitaneT, saxelisuflebo TqaraTquri da kbilTa RrWiali ar Cagvesmis, sicocxle
gagviarmd-gagvisamsaldeba.
am saaxalwlod erTi wamiT mainc davdgeT, Tvali SevavloT
Cvens naburjanal-namudregals da sarevolucio sababis Zebnis nacvlad imaze davfiqrdeT, rac gvWirs, Cvenive brali xom
ar aris?
xom amogvivida yelSi SevardnaZe, xom avjanydiT, xom
gamoviareT maSxalebiT xelSi revoluciuri gza walenjixidan
Tbilisamde, xom davfSveniT da davwviT prezidentis savarZeli, xom SevcvivdiT parlamentSi...
axla davaneboT Tavi sulelur ukujeqobebs: `movtyuvdiT!
sorosma mogvaRora! Cven arafer SuaSi varT!~
SeavleT Tvali noembris kadrebs da naxavT, varT Tu ara
SuaSi.
Tu Cven ar videqiT Tavzecelofanwafarebulni wvimaSi,
uamravi qarTveli idga. Cveni Zmebi da ZmiSvilebi idgnen da
morCiT, Tu RmerTi gwamT, axal sarevolucio fusfuss.
kidev erT revolucias saqarTvelo veRar gauZlebs.
gadaxedeT uaxloes warsuls. Cveni aqtiuri Tu pasiuri
dasturiT saqarTvelo sisxlis kalod vaqcieT.
wamdauwumma revoluciebma msoflios TvalSi araseriozuli, mogiJo-moyvancale eris imiji Segviqmna.
ase rom ar yofiliyo, jer erTi, Cven gareSe verc erTi
soros-buS-ivanov-putinebi ver SeZlebdnen civilizebul
qveyanaSi kanonieri parlamentis gandevnas da saqarTvelo rom
19. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
289
normalur, kulturul qveyanad yofiliyo miCneuli, vardebis
revoluciis monapovars msoflio mxars ar dauWerda.
maxsovs, salome zurabiSvili rom movaministreT, erTi ambavi atyda, rogor SeiZleba safrangeTis moqalaqes, diplomats (da amis gamo, vin icis, saidumlo samsaxurebTan Tundac
iribi kavSirebis mqones) Seni sagareo uwyeba Caabaroo. moxsnes
salome da mis dasacavad 10000 kaci gavarda ipodromze.
daviT aRmaSeneblis Zeglis dasacavad 47 moqalaqe movida,
salomes dasacavad, rogorc mogaxseneT _ 10000.
Cven `axal imeds~ _ salomes, cota ar iyos, eSinia saakaSvilis da morcxv-nazad beladobs.
jer iyo da ipodromze megafons ar mokida xeli, axla
drodadro Tavis mxardamWer-moxaliseebs aseT revoluciur,
radikalur davalebas aZlevs; TeTri vardiT xelSi CaiareT
rusTavelze, oRond gaCerebiT ar gaCerdeT (Tundac mdumare
aqcia), CaiareT da wadiT saxlSio.
Tu amdeni TeTri vardi ver iSoveT, xom SeiZleba sams erTi
vardi gveWiroso, ekiTxebian.
maxsovs, uyura opoziciis erTma beladma daviT aRmaSeneblis ZeglTan Sekrebil 47 patriots da Cailaparaka, _ me aq
TqvenTvis vdgavar da visveleb Zlivs davarcxnil quTaisur
qoCors da, Tu saqarTvelos es Zegli arafrad uRirs, mogsriaT patronio.
qudi ar dauxuravs (qudi ar hqonda), gatrialda da wavida.
axla opoziciis didi nawili imiTaa dakavebuli, radac
unda daujdes, igor giorgaZe Camoiyvanos da axali `ZiZgliZiZgli~ mamalo gamarTos mTavrobis sasaxlesTan.
me piradad rusis majaganiT wajikavebul-gagdebuli saakaSvili ar minda.
mirCevnia, Cveni Svili Cvenve aRvzardoT, movaWkvianoT,
gamovawrToT, davabrZenoT. kargi movuwonoT, cudi gavukritikoT, vurCioT da swor gzaze davayenoT, vidre `mesame Zalas~ movuxmoT Cvens saxlSi wesrigis dasamyareblad.
rusi Tu Semova, nu ifiqreb, qarTvelo, axlandeli mTavrobisagan gagiwmends qveyanas da wava.
rusi Tu Semova, aRar gava da vici me, ras niSnavs rusis
Ceqma yelze.
rvaasi wlis win daviT aRmaSenebeli saocari gamWriaxo-
290
biT agvarebda urTierTobas mezoblebTan da axla ra jandaba
gvWirs.
TargamaZes viza ar misces da didma politikosma burjanaZem TargamaZisadmi solidarobis niSnad uari Tqva samitSi
monawileobaze.
boroti enebi amboben, cota qe ezareba 547-e sazRvargareTuli voiaJidan axaldabrunebul ninos civ moskovSi gafrenao.
mere is iyo, rusma saaxalwlod saqarTveloSi rusuli kamfetebiT xelSi gamosamgzavreblad gaxazirebul milion qarTvels viza Seuwyvita.
Txa Txaze naklebio da, Cvenc SevuwyviteT viza rusebs.
gansxvaveba is aris, rom saqarTvelodan ruseTSi kvartalSi
5 (bolo monacemebiT _ 4) rusi midi-modis, xolo ruseTidan
saqarTveloSi erTi milioni (saaxalwlod milion-naxevari) qarTveli moeSureba.
vin rCeba dasjili?
SevaCerdiT ZuZus goWiviT amerikas.
ras momCerebixarTo, amerikam.
Segvayofine Tavi natoSio, vexvewebiT.
amerika Raribi naTesaviviT gvicqeris da ise gviRimis, modebilo bavSvs rom kanfets Sepirdebi gasaCumeblad.
Segiyvan natoSi, aba, ar Segiyvan? oRond ar mkiTxo, rodiso.
Tu Cven ar gavmarjvdiT, verc rusi gviSvelis da verc
amerika. gavigoT erTxel da samudamod, rom aravin CvenTvis
Tavs ar aitkivebs.
Cven? tragikomediad gveqca cxovreba.
Cveni Worikana televizia dReSi cxrajer mainc gviCvenebs,
rogor daiZvreba erTmaneTisaken saCxubrad ori `mamaci~ parlamentari.
Tan orive SemkrTali, dinjad midis da fiqrobs: `droze
gagvaCereT, xalxi ara xarTo?~
ra mniSvneloba aqvs CvenTvis, pirveli romeli mamlayinwa
daartyams.
axla sapensio codvis kiTxvaa.
Turme gaezrdebaT pensia II msoflio omis monawileebs.
am dros saqarTveloSi II msoflio omis monawile sul 39
291
moxuciRa darCa da imaTgan 17 TiTqmis aRarafers Wams mawvnis
garda.
Turme yofili samxedro maRalCinosnebi 4 000 larian pensias iReben.
raSi? afxazeTSi SevardnaZis xelmZRvanelobiT samarcxvinod rom damarcxdnen, ukan mouxedavad rom gamoiqcnen da
SeSinebuli daTvebiviT sul ZunZul-ZunZuliT rom gadmoiares kodor-Wuberis uReltexili?
pensiebis Semcirebaze laparakobs parlamentari da imas
ar ufiqrdeba, TviTon vardebis revoluciis mier sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebaSi godriT Sedgmuli rom 2500 lars Runavs
TveSi.
TviT SevardnaZes 28-larian pensias dauniSnaveno, amboben.
axia, masze, magram samarTalia. vinc bolo 2 weliwadSi miiRo Rirsebis ordeni, mxolod imas eZleva jildod 600 lari,
xolo ufro adre vinc miiRo, sami TiTis kombinacias uCveneben?
ara da, Tqven TviTon SevardnaZis daCekili bartyebi ara
xarT, Tqve kai xalxo? SevardnaZisagan ar miiReT Cin-temlakebi da Tanamdebobebi?
vzivar axla Cems sardaf-biblioTekaSi mtverSi amogangluli da veZeb, sad ra statia damibeWdavs, visi xelmZRvanel-konsultanti vyofilvar, rom `qulebi~ damigrovdes da
universitetidan ar gamagdon.
RvTis wyalobiT, imdeni miwer-mixelmZRvaneleb-mijaxiria,
rom qulebiT sami saSualo profesori ver dameweva.
da mainc, axali damokles maxvili dakides Cvens Tavze;
viRac tutuc reformist xunveibinels uTqvams, rogorc
vatyobT, universitetis wmenda (Zveli kadrebisagan bolSevikuri `gaTavisufleba~) ar gamogvdis. winaswar gavTvaleT da
isev Zvelebi rCebian mTavar profesorebado.
isRa dagvrCenia, progresul moazrovneTa keTilgonierebis
imedze viyoT.
kaTedraze erTi Rvawlmosili leqtori yoveldRe mekiTxeba; Sevide dRes leqciaze, maqvs uflebao?
dRes ki, magram xvalindelze ra mogaxseno-meTqi, vpasuxob.
saerTod, ase pirqvewawolili, daglaxavebul-dadedlebuli saqarTvelo axla roa, istorias ar axsovs.
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imis magivrad, rom mtrobas mtrobiT vpasuxobdeT da
partizanuli brZolebi gavaCaRoT afxazeT-samaCabloSi, samgloviaro arSiebiT Tavwakrulebs did gmirobad migvaCnia motacebul-mokluli xaWapuriZeebis Zvlebs rom davibrunebT.
yvelaferi ver movaswariTo, gvamSvideben. marTlac, bevri
ram ver moaswres da momavlisaTvis gadades.
kvlav `dRis wesrigSia~ mwerlebisaTvis mweralTa sasaxlis
da moswavleebisaTvis moswavleTa sasaxlis warTmeva, ilia
WavWavaZis yvarlis da saguramos saxl-muzeumebis gayidva,
akakis da niko nikolaZis saxl-karis gayidva.
Tumca `ciskris~, `mnaTobis~, `nugeSis~ daxurva mainc movaswariT. esec saqmea.
`ciskarze~ gamaxsenda:
1852 wels `ciskari~ rom daarsda, mefisnacval mixeil voroncovs moaxsenes:
Tqveni wyalobiT giorgi erisTavma `ciskari~ gamosca, magram, rogorc Cans, qarTuli Jurnali male mokvdebao.
ratomo? ukiTxavs namestniks.
xelismomwerlebi ar Canan; gorSi mxolod erTma mkiTxvelma gamoiwera, quTaisSi arc erTmao.
adga da 300 egzemplari gamoiwera voroncovma. 100 cali TviTon daitova, 200 cali wminda ninos saswavlebels gaugzavna.
amiT mefisnacvalma Jurnals suli STabera.
dRes, am ayvavebul saqarTveloSi, gutenbergis sabeWdi
manqanisa da kompiuterebis epoqaSi, vnatrob, netav 300-iani
tiraJiT gamovides Jurnali `ciskari~, `mnaTobi~, `nugeSi~ da
sxva literaturuli Jurnalebi.
imaze ki, ra Tqma unda, aRar vocnebob, saakaSvilma, noRaidelma an ugulavam (nino burjanaZis imedi aRar maqvs)
romelimem 300-is mesamedi mainc gamoiweros da Tavis werakiTxvis mciremcodne TanamSromlebs daurigos.
da mainc, Cveni uferuli opoziciisa gamkvirvebia; axali
revoluciis imediT rom sazrdoobs.
moveSvaT revoluciur Cxirkedelaobas, batonebo.
is xalxi, visac erovneba waarTves da quCaSi ar gamovida,
mamis saxeli waarTves da xma ar amoiRo, qarTuli ena saxelmwifo enad ar daukanones da ar unaRvlia, Tqvens `mgznebare
daZaxilze~ gamova?
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SevurigdeT im azrs, rom eri daiRala revoluciebiT da
sxva varskvlavs vsdioT.
risi afxazeT-samaCablos dabruneba, romeli erovnuli
fenomenis dasacavad brZola, saqarTvelos axla sami umTavresi Tavsatexi aqvs:
1. moikla Tu ara Tavi pirvelma prezidentma.
2. mokles Tu ara zurab Jvania da amCnevia Tu ara konspiraciul binaSi napovn sosiss premieris kbilebis kvali.
3. aris Tu ara metexSi mcxovrebi rusi qalbatoni putinis
deda.
am ukanasknel sakiTxze didi bWoba-gniasia atexili. Cven
vamtkicebT dedaao, yuris bibiloebiT da frCxilebiT hgavso.
es sami sfinqsis amocana Tu gadavwyviteT, gveSveleba qarTvelebs. im saaTidanve win wava Cveni saqme:
afxazebi da osebi Cvenken sixaruliT xelgaSlilni
gamoiqcevian. korufciis isari Skalaze meyvseulad nulze dava, xolo gayinul-gaZarculi fabrika-qarxnebi meore
dResve amuSavdeba.
am werils sayovelTao Serigebis niSniT vwer. sxva pozicia
me _ revaz miSvelaZes _ ar mekadreba.
SevrigdeT, gaverTiandeT, qarTvelebo, da Cveni mtrebisken mivmarToT, Tu rame Zala kidev SegvrCenia.
RmerTo, mTlad nu agvaReb xels.
2006 wels mainc Segvewie.
2005 w.
RmerTs SexedeT, RmerTs!
xelisufalno da mosamarTleno!
6 ivliss mweralTa sasaxlis kuTvnadobis saqmes uzenaesi
sasamarTlo ganixilavs.
kargad vici, rom dRes mosamarTleni, rbilad rom vTqva,
`sakonsultacio jaWviT~ arian mibmulni xelisuflebaze da
amitomac orives erTad mogmarTavT.
igi, vinc mweralTa kavSirisaTvis Senobis warTmeva wamoiwyo, aRar aris cocxalTa Soris (acxonos RmerTma), premier-
294
ministrs rom am ukeTur saqmeSi mxarSi edga da Tavisi ruseTul-mgluri madis dakmayofilebas mweralTa sasaxlis xarjze
cdilobda, aRar aris ekonomikis ministri da `gankargulebebs~
veRar mogvwers. erTaderTi kaci xelisuflebaSi, qarTveli
mwerlebis quCaSi gamoZevebas rom Zveleburad fiqrobs, `Ze
Secdomili~ kulturis ministria, romelic, albaT, nel-nela
mixvdeba, ra sabediswero danaSauls Caidens, Tu kvlav samarTlis gamrudebis gzas daadgeba.
rac Seexeba saqarTvelos prezidents, orjer oficialurad
ganacxada: mweralTa kavSirisaTvis istoriuli sasaxlis warTmevaze arasodes gvifiqria, yvela yvela da me amas arasodes
davuSveb, mweralTa da mecnierTa ojaxSi gazrdili kacio.
sazogadoebriv azrs Tu miayuradebT, igi aSkarad istoriuli simarTlis mxarezea. saqarTvelom kargad icis, rom
mweralTa sasaxle martooden mweralTa TavSesafari (dRes
rom `ofiss~ eZaxian) rodia. igi erovnuli tribunaa, saidanac
qveyanas yoveldRiurad Cveni erovnuli cnobierebis damcavi
sityva moefineba xolme.
saqarTvelom isic kargad icis, rom komunistebis Semosvlamde karga xniT adre Seqmnili mweralTa kavSiri `komunisturi gadmonaSTi~ ki ara, WeSmarit qarTvel mweralTa saxelovani sakrebuloa.
vinc keTilmosurne TvaliT Sexedavs mweralTa kavSiris dRevandel saqmianobas, iolad darwmundeba, rom igi karga xania aRar
aris xelisuflebis ganStoeba. mweralTa sasaxleSi lamis yoveldRiurad imarTeba qveynisaTvis sasargeblo sja-baasi Sesaxeb
imisa, rogor vuSveloT saqarTvelos, rogor davibrunoT ruseTis mier warTmeuli miwebi da rogor SevinarCunoT erovnuli
suli, romlis gareSec saqarTvelos arseboba warmoudgenelia.
lamis erTi welia, sadac qarTveli mwerlebi gamovCndebiT,
moqalaqeni yvela erTi da igive kiTxva-davalebiT mogvmarTaven: `rogoraa Senobis saqme, kvlav gipireben warTmevas? aba,
Tqven iciT, gamagrdiT, cocxali TaviT ar daTmoT!~
aseTia sazogadoebrivi azri.
iuridiuli simarTle?
1921 wlis 28 Tebervals revkomma Salva eliavam xeli
moawera #174 gankargulebas, romelSic garkveviT sweria:
`revoluciuri revkomis dadgenilebiT xoStarias saxli, ro-
295
melic imyofeba sergievis quCaze, gadacemuli iqnas saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSirisaTvis~.
am gankargulebis gamocemamde ki aTi wliT adre sulkurTxeulma daviT sarajiSvilma qarTvel mwerlebs uanderZa. es
Senobis bolo mflobelma akaki xoStariam imiT ganamtkica,
rom emigraciaSi wasvlis win Senoba gadasca paolo iaSvils,
tician tabiZes, kote mayaSvils da konstantine gamsaxurdias.
diax, lamis asi welia es sasaxle saqarTvelos mweralTa
kavSirs ekuTvnis.
kidev ra mtkicebuleba gnebavT?
cotaa, rom am sasaxleSi iliam `gandegili~ waikiTxa, aq
ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi akaki cxovrobda, rom sasaxleSi dResac wrialebs vaJas, galaktionis, javaxiSvilis, gamsaxurdias,
leoniZis, lado asaTianis da sxvaTa grZneuli xmebis eqo?
Tqven rogor fiqrobT, dRes mweralTa sasaxle mxolod da
mxolod kavSiris wevrTa Sesakreb-sabaaso adgilia? aramc da
aramc.
garda saqarTvelos erTaderTi mweralTa kavSirisa, am
SenobaSi ganTavsebulia afxazeTis devnili mweralTa kavSiri,
`mwerlis gazeTis~ redaqcia, `literaturisa da xelovnebis~
redaqcia, `riwas~ redaqcia, `ialqnis~ redaqcia, litfondi,
sasuliero gamomcemloba, xelovanTa sagamofeno darbazi,
literaturuli Teatri, aswlovani biblioTeka qarTvel mweralTa avtografebiT da xelnawerebiT da, rac mTavaria,
qarTveli mwerlebis sxvadasxva Taobis warmomadgenelTa
unikaluri arqivi, maTi dramatuli biografiis Semcveli konfidencialuri sabuTebiT savse.
mweralTa kavSiri dRes sxvadasxva literaturul asociaciaTa federaciuli gaerTianebaa. cnobisaTvis dagizustebT, rom
saqarTveloSi dRes moqmedi 38 literaturuli gaerTianebidan 36 mweralTa sasaxleSia asocirebuli. TavianTi surviliT
gareT darCenil or 7-9-kacian jgufs _ `omegas~ da `penmaraTonels~ _ gamudmebiT vTxovT mobrZandnen, SemogvierTdnen,
Caataron mweralTa sasaxlis klubSi TavianTi RonisZiebani.
xelisuflebis kibeebze sirbils da mavan oficialur
pirTaTvis SeCuCxurebas (`isini gamoasaxleT da Cven SegvasaxleTo~), mamaCemsa aqvs cxoneba, is urCevniaT, dawynardnen,
dadgnen, dabrZendnen, dedis ginebiT da seqsualuri ukuRmar-
296
TobiT dazuzRuli wignebis nacvlad WeSmariti literatura
Seqmnan, erovnuli cnobierebis ganmtkicebas emsaxuron.
isini xom Cveni umcrosi Zmebi da Svilebi arian. ver amixsnia, ratom ibRvirebian?
ibRvirebian mxolod uniWoni, rakiRa fiqroben, rom Tu
vinmem icis maTi uniWobis Sesaxeb, upirvelesad Cven viciT,
Torem niWier axalgazrdebs, WeSmarit mwerlebs Cvenc iseve
davudgebiT gverdiT, rogorc erT dros Cven dagvidgnen Cveni ufrosi Taobis warmomadgenlebi.
cremli momadga Tvalze, roca amas winaT televiziiT vnaxe,
ramdenime `penmaraToneli~ xelixelgadaxveuli simarTles
rom RaRadebda (`Cvenao, wvimaSi imitom ki ar videqiT, xelisuflebis uzurpacias da demokratiis daTrgunvas davuWiroT
mxario~), mivirbine rusTavelis kinoTeatrSi daTo turaSvilis da nugzar wiklauris mier mofiqrebul mSvenier erovnul
RonisZiebaze dasaswrebad da `vefxistyaosnis~ koleqtiuri
kiTxvis mosurneTa rigSi Cavdeqi.
es mweralTa kavSiri, es sasaxle yvela WeSmariti mwerlis saxlia, Zvirfasebo, _ aseTia yvela sindisiani mwerlis
damokidebuleba imaT mimarT (aka morCilaZe, daTo turaSvili, irakli kakabaZe, mixo mosuliSvili, laSa buRaZe...) vinc
yuradReba miipyro da Tavi kargad dagvamaxsovra.
dRes saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiris wevrTa ricxvi 457s Seadgens. gawevrianebis msurvelTa ricxvic sakmaod didia.
Cvens portfelSi 200-mde gancxadeba devs im avtorebisa, saqarTvelos mweralTa ojaxSi rom apireben Semosvlas.
maS, ra `daSlaze~ da `yavlgasvlazea~ usabuTo miTqmamoTqma?
saxelmwifo daxmareba SegviwyviteT, xelisufalno. `mnaTobi~, `ciskari~, `literaturuli saqarTvelo~, `mweralTa
gazeTi~, `dila~, `nergi~, `droSa~ da sxva tradiciuli organoebi usaxsrobis gamo suls Rafaven (maTs nacvlad saeWvo
literaturuli presa gaajejileT!) da axla Senobasac gvarTmevT?
ar gamova eg saqme.
gafrTxilebT, Tqvens ukuRmarT gadawyvetilebas SeiZleba
ramdenime mwerlis sicocxle Seewiros da maT Soris erT-erTi pirveli me viqnebi.
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ilia WavWavaZis, akaki wereTlis da galaktionis wminda
aCrdilebi gvavaleben am Cveni erovnuli saunjis dacvas medroveTa xelyofisagan da nu gagikvirdebaT, Tu iq, sadac qarTvel mweralTa axali Taobebi unda gaizardon, ar davuSvebT
gonebabrmobilTa, saeWvo seqsualuri orientaciis warmomadgenelTa da mokaife poet-kupletistTa parpaSs.
2005 w.
revolucia qonebis gadanawilebaa
SiSi, romelmac am xelisuflebis didi nawili moicva, rom
axlovdeba guguni axali revoluciisa, vgoneb, sruliad usafuZvloa. iseT politizirebul qveyanaSic ki, rogoric saqarTveloa, rodesac yvela gatacebulia politikiT, revoluciebi erisa da qveynis saTanado fsiqologiuri momzadebis
gareSe ar xdeba. mTelma qveyanam _ ermac da bermac icis, rom
xalxi gulgatexilia, rom xalxs imedebi gaucruvda. simarTle giTxraT, me, erT qarTvel mwerals, rame gansakuTrebuli
iluziebi revoluciis mimarT ar mqonia. marTalia, quCaSi ar
gamovsulvar da Tavze ar mxurebia celofani, rogorc sxva
Cvens revolucionerebs wvimaSi, marTalia, `koleqtiuri celofnis~ qveS ar vmdgarvar, magram Sinaganad vuTanagrZnobdi
revolucias, etyoba, Cemi bunebis gamo, Tanac mwerali yovelTvis axlis, revoluciuris, gardaqmnis mxares dgas. aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi SevardnaZe iyo sakmaod kulturuli,
rafinirebuli, inteligenti. mxolod inteligenti, romelmac
alRo ver auRo Tanamedroveobas. SevardnaZe daibna ruseTsa da amerikas Soris. SeiZleba mas survili hqonda, saqarTvelosTvis sikeTe eqna. mas ver davabraleb, rom Segnebulad
gayida afxazeTi, samaCablo, Segnebulad Caabara qarTuli miwebi sxvas da Segnebulad surda, saqarTveloSi ar amuSavebuliyo mrewveloba, soflis meurneoba, magram SevardnaZes ar
eyo politikuri alRo da arc ekonomikis codna.
megona, rom axalgazrdebi movidodnen da qveyanas Secvlidnen. magram, Tqven warmoidgineT, es SiSi, romelsac masa
xelisuflebis mimarT gamoxatavs, romelic yovelTvis revo-
298
luciuria, aseTi apaTiuri arasodes yofila. rom xalxs ase
sZuleboda Tavisi xelisufleba, ar maxsovs, magram mainc minda, davamSvido es xelisufleba, me ver vxedav iseT opoziciur
Zalas, romelic SeZlebs axla saqarTveloSi revoluciis moxdenas. mivixed-movixede, Tu sad SeiZleboda davmdgariyavi, vis
gverdiT. aRmovaCine, rom _ versad. ase rom, mSvidad Zarcvon
qveyana Cvenma axalbeda mmarTvelebma, mSvidad gayidon saqarTvelos teritoriebi, mihyidon gadamTielebs, mSvidad miiRon
parlamentSi umwifari, qveynis damqcevi kanonebi. uaxloes 5
weliwadSi maT araviTari saSiSroeba ar emuqrebaT. amasobaSi,
albaT, saqarTveloc damTavrdeba, isini moaswreben da moaxerxeben saqarTvelos nulze dayvanas. amisi yovelgvari imedi
arsebobs.
garda revoluciis Zalisa, sxva mxriv saqarTvelos
gardaqmna mSvidobiani gziT ar SeiZleba. imitom ar SeiZleba,
rom saqarTveloSi arCevnebis kultura ar arsebobs. darwmundebiT amaSi, Tu ra SedegiT dasruldeba saqarTveloSi
Sualeduri arCevnebi. ar daijeroT, miuxedavad imisa, rom
opoziciam kargi kandidatebi waradgina, romelime gaimarjvebs. verc erTi opozicioneri ver gava, es ar moxdeba, amas
ar dauSvebs dRevandeli xelisufleba.
aucileblad
gaayalbebs.
dRevandeli
xelisufleba
moCvenebiT demokratiasac ki ar uSvebs. eseni dascinian. TavSi CaquCs uraxuneben mTel ers. dascinian mTel opozicias,
Tanac eubnebian mTel qveyanas, Cven varT Tqveni moyvanili,
keTili inebeT da agvitaneT, Torem gagsresT baRlinjosaviTo. am gasresis nimuSebi, faqtebi, araerTia.
dedaberma uReli rom moisrola da kurdReli mokla,
ai, aseTi mosroliT xelisufleba araerT saqmes akeTebs.
vfiqrob, rom isini Segnebulad mtroben saqarTvelos, rom
dauZinebeli mtrebi arian, rom isini Segnebulad arRveven
erovnul cnobierebas, rom isini Segnebulad yinaven ekonomikas. simarTle is aris, rom am xelisuflebas ar hyofnis codna
arc ekonomikis, arc politikis. maT ar hyofniT cxovrebiseuli gamocdileba. isini Cqaroben, SeSinebulebi arian. maT
ician, rom ukanonod movidnen xelisuflebaSi, absoluturad
ukanonod im qveyanaSi, sadac parlamentia, romelic gaeros
wevri qveyanaa, romelic cno msoflios uamravma saxelmwifom.
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es xom ar aris papuasuri qveyana, rom revolucia gamxdariyo
saWiro. rodesac qveyanaSi parlamentia, romel revoluciazea
saubari?! 235 parlamentars, xalxis arCeuls rom panRurs
hkrav da etyvi, me revolucia movaxdine da axla me varo, saerTod razea laparaki. gaocebuli var, ramdenad bnel qveynad
unda ecno amerikas da ruseTs saqarTvelo, rom es revolucia
mieRo msoflios da daekanonebina. rac Seexeba imas, Tu ra
momwons, unda giTxraT, rom Tavidanve mivesalme umaRlesi
saswavleblebidan misaRebi gamocdebis gatanas, miuxedavad
imisa, rom kaxa lomaias piradi mteri vgonivar. es saqarTvelos didi gamarjveba iyo. Tu ase gagrZelda gamocdebis
Catareba, rogorc axla Catarda, Zalian kargi iqneba, radgan
im 500 gamomcdels, survilic rom hqonoda, veravis nawers
ver ipovida, rom maqinacia moexdina.
Tavs ver davdeb, magram vici, rom erTgvari ganwyobilebebi ukve Camoyalibda. rac Seexeba tradiciul damokidebulebas misaRebi gamocdebisadmi anu momavali specialistebis aRzrdisadmi, bavSvi rogor vamecadinoo, amaze ki ar fiqrobda
mSobeli, aramed, upirveles yovlisa, fiqrobda, rogor movZebno umaRlesi saswavleblis romelime docenti, rom gamocdebze
saqme gamikeToso. erTian erovnul gamocdebze TiTqmis msgavsi
ram ar yofila. rom CaxedavT sias, naxavT, swored upatrono
(vgulisxmob gamocdebze patrons) bavSvi Telavidan, upatrono
bavSvi kaspidan iricxeba yvelaze prestiJul fakultetebze.
unda vTqva, rom marTla codnam gaimarjva. erTian erovnul
gamocdebze SeiZleba iyo patara xarvezebi, amis Sesaxeb TviTon lomaiam Tqva: informacia ver mivawodeT mSoblebs, rom
17 aTasSi moxvedra ar niSnavda studentad gaxdomaso. 17 aTasSi vinc aRmoCnda, is ukve miRebulia, aseTi xma rom gamovida,
ai, es iyo Secdoma. aseTi xarvezebi usaTuod gamoswordeba.
es aris erTi plusi Cveni xelisuflebis. meore is, rom saswrafo daxmareba da gadaudebeli samedicino daxmareba ufasoa. es cota ar aris. xalxi sasowarkveTili iyo, radgan, saswrafoSi rom darekavdi, vaWrobas giwyebdnen _ Tu gadaixdi 25
lars, movalT, Tu arada, kiseri gitexiao. mesame, rac momwons
_ es aris sapatrulo policia. mqonda ramdenime SemTxveva,
mimemarTa maTTvis. im wuTSive gaCndebian, zrdilobiT savseni.
rodesac maT vTxovdi, Cemi quTaisuri bunebidan gamomdinare,
300
keria damiloceT-meTqi, uars metyodnen, im pasuxismgeblobidan gamomdinare, rac maT akisriaT. meoTxe, asfalti rom igeba
TbilisSi, amaze rogor SeiZleba moCvenebiTiao, Tqva. rogor
SeiZleba, gzebis gadaketvac ver aitano amis gamo. es, iciT, ras
hgavs? Waobidan rom kaci amoiyvanes, man rom gaikvirva, ratom
amomiyvaneo, me iq vcxovrob, is Cemi saxliao.
miuxedavad Cem mier CamoTvlili dadebiTi saqmeebisa, xelisufleba rom dabneulia, rom maT ara aqvT erTiani strategia saqarTvelosTvis warTmeuli teritoriebis dabrunebisa,
es faqtia. axla rom gaeroSi gamovida saakaSvili da usayvedura gaeros, raRac gaurkvevel pasuxebs iZleva kofi anani,
verc iq, gaeros rezoluciaSi davinaxe imedi, rom saqarTveloSi Semosul yaCaRebs, Cvens istoriul miwaze samaCabloSi
da afxazeTSi gamravlebul ucxotomelebs, romlebsac Cvens
dasaCoqeblad Tavze xels usvams msoflios nomer pirveli
dampyrobeli da kolonizatori _ ruseTi, raRaciT mainc winaaRmdegobas gauwevdes amerika an gaero. Cemda samwuxarod,
Cemi cremli da sicocxle swored afxazeTTan aris dakavSirebuli. arafris dambrunebeli saakaSvili Tavisi prezidentobis dros ar iqneba. araviTari gonivruli programa xelisuflebas ar aqvs mTavari problemis gadasaWrelad.
SevardnaZes mentaliteti hqonda Camoyalibebuli, rogorc
ruseTis ck-is mdivnisa, romelic ruseTs yovelTvis TvalSi Sescicinebda. mere gamoCnda amerika. saqarTvelos bedis
gasarkvevad SevardnaZem gaixeda dasavleTisken da Zalian energiuladac gaixeda, ise energiulad, rom sabWoTa kavSiris
dangrevas SevardnaZes `abraleben~. Tu gairkva, rom es marTalia, raSic Zalian mepareba eWvi, SevardnaZes sikvdilis Semdeg
istoria umaRles kvarcxlbekze aiyvans. SevardnaZe istoriul
gzajvaredinze moxvda. afxazeTi gayiduli, ra Tqma unda, ar
aris, magram moxda elementaruli ram: ruseTma gviTxra, Sen,
saqarTvelov, damoukidebloba moindome, 200 weli rom Cemi
mona iyavio? axla ki am damoukideblobas ar gvpatiobs ruseTi. ruseTma kargad icoda, rom saqarTvelos yvelaze zurmuxtovani kuTxe iyo afxazeTi. 10 dRiT rom gagris, biWvinTis, soxumis sagzuri moepovebina, rusi staxanoveli mowinave
muSa 10 weli muSaobda. 10 dRis sagzurs jildod aZlevda
mitingze ruseTis xelisufleba muSas. ruseTma icis afxaze-
301
Tis fasi. rogor fiqrobT, amis mere rame daTmobaze wava?!
buSs putini eubneba, ra daTmobazec ginda waval, rasac ginda,
davTmob saqarTvelosTan mimarTebaSi, oRond afxazeTi ar
damabrunebinoo. afxazeTis dabrunebasTan erTad damTavrdeba
putinis prezidentoba. mTeli ruseTi Sehyurebs afxazeTs. Tu
rusi amerikam muxlebze ar daaCoqa, rac ar moxdeba, afxazeTs
ruseTi ar Tmobs. afxazeTi aWara ar aris, rom iq taSiskvriT
da mitingiT SevideT. sisuleled mimaCnia Cveni samxedro aRlumebi, vis vukeTebT amiT guls, vis winaSe viwonebT Tavs
_ ruseTis? aqlemi ise ar davardeba, rom viris sapalne ver
zidos. amitom yovelgvari revanSizmi gamoricxulia. yoveldRiurad unda uCurCuloT amerikas yurSi, rogor iqneba Cemi
saqmeo, rogorc nel-nela dagvSorda tao-klarjeTi, ise gvSordeba afxazeTi, Tu ar moxdeba msoflioSi ZalTa iseTi
gadanawileba, rom amerikam gamoacalos mTavari sayrdeni ruseTs da datovos ruseTi SiSvlad Tavis teritoriaze. Tumca
perspeqtiva imas gveubneba, rom nel-nela amerika 20 wlis mere
aucileblad Camovardeba; CineTi Zlierdeba, ruseTs yvelaze
didi upiratesoba aqvs yvela Zlier qveyanasTan, mas yvelaze
didi teritoriebi aqvs.
axla universitetze, iq mimdinare procesebze visaubroT.
aqciaze gamovdiodi da vambobdi: rogor SeiZleba daxuron akaki wereTlis, vaJas, galaktionis, ivane javaxiSvilis
kabinetebi, magram, simarTle giTxraT, iqac guli gamityda,
axla mitingze ar mivdivar. iq davinaxe igive, rac sWirs dRes
saqarTvelos. es aris saSineli wyluli da avadmyofoba. roca
xelisuflebam Semogvitia da dagvipira mweralTa kavSiris
warTmeva, Tbilisis inteligenciam Tavi ar Seiwuxa da saxlidan gareT ar gamovida. rodesac pionerTa sasaxles daupires
igive, rodesac bavSvebi tirian, arc opoziciurma partiebma,
arc xalxma es sakuTar tkivilad ar cno.
liderebi iyvnen televiziaSi gamosasvlelad. TavianTi
mrevli iq ar miiyvanes. erTaderTi, erTgulad dadis da sulisCamdgmelia yvela saprotesto mitingebisa zviad gamsaxurdias qvrivi _ manana arCvaZe-gamsaxurdia. danarCenebs, mgoni
SehyriaT raRac pativmoyvaruli grZnoba, universitetis ezoSi
erTi kvira gvqonda mitingi da arc erTi opozicioneri partiis
wevri ar mosula. maSin vTqvi, keTili gonebisken movuwodoT
302
saakaSvils, unda davuweroT rCevebi siyvaruliT, rom qveyanas
uSvelos. me 20 rCeva davuwere. ar vici, miiRo Tu ara es rCeva.
gavugzavne, wignadac ki gamoveci. `20 rCeva prezidents~, sadac veubnebi, rom ar aris erovnuli, rom qarTul erovnul
fenomens ar icavs da a. S. iqneb am gzam, rom CavZaxoT, movuwodoT, davuyvavoT, gviSvelos. axalgazrdebi arian isini.
raRac rom SevacvlevinoT, iqneb am gzam ufro ajobos, radganac
Cveni eri daiRala revoluciebiT. revolucia mxolod prezidentis gadmogdebas ki ar niSnavs, qonebis kidev erTxel gadanawilebas. saqarTvelo amden revolucias ver gauZlebs. nuravis
hgonia, rom, Tu kidev erT revolucias movaxdenT, yvelaferi
kargad iqneba. ara, Cemo ubeduro xalxo, es CvenTvis ar iqneba
kargi. kargi iqneba im 15 kacisTvis, romelic Secvlis saakaSvilis xelisuflebas. iqneb sjobdes rRvevas, axal sisxlisRvras,
mivideT erTmaneTTan, CavWidoT xeli erTmaneTs, vurCioT
prezidents da amiT vuSveloT qveyanas. prezidents imdenad
uRirs Tavisi skami, rom xalxs Tavi ar SeaZulos. rac Seexeba universitets, iq mimdinare movlenebs, aqciebiT verafers
Secvli, mecnieri Tavisi bunebiT mokrZalebulia, mSvidia. rezo
miSvelaZes, nestan kirTaZes didi Tavi aqvT, iCxavlon amaT, me
mazolze ar damabijon fexi, raze vidge quCaSi, eseni revolucionerebi arian da, Tu gaakeTes Cemi saqme, xom kargi da, Tu
ara, bedsac Seeguebian.
2005 w.
buSis vizitis dRiuri
amerikis prezidenti estumra saqarTvelos.
ugulo da urwmuno unda iyo, am vizitis didi mniSvneloba
rom ar gesmodes.
saqarTvelo uecrad ganaTda msoflio rukaze.
vinc ar icoda, gaigo, rom aris kavkasiis mTebis ZirSi unikaluri kulturis mqone, imperiebisagan araerTgzis gaTelili
da bolo orasi wlis ganmavlobaSi ruseTis mier dapyrobili,
Tavisuflebis survilisaTvis `ufrosi Zmis~ mier sastikad
dasjili patara qveyana, romelsac saqarTvelo hqvia.
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ugrZnobeli da ujigro unda iyo, cremli rom ar mogreoda, Cveni xelovnebiT rom movxibleT maRali stumari, romelic jer taSs atanda gemos, mere ki Tavi veRar Seikava da
cekvis ritms ahyva.
im nerviulobaSi saakaSvilis yvirili-sityvac asatani gaxldaT, gulwrfeli iyo da imitom.
buSs opozicionerTagan mxolod erTi daviT gamyreliZe
Seaxvedres. sxva parlamentarebi ki, rogorc zooparkis spiloebi, ise Caatares amerikis prezidentis Soriaxlos.
vizitis sanaxaobrivi mxare, rogor davukargav Cvens xelisuflebas, maRali donisa gaxldaT.
Sedegi?
aqeT mxares viyaviT me da Cemi meuRle da SemogiareT, rom
gamarjoba gveTqvao, buSma.
gegoneba, naTlimamasTan iyvnen stumrad da gzad Semoiares, raTa cota xans cacxvis CrdilSi Camosxdnen, muxlebs
qari amoaRebinon da gza ganagrZon.
axla Cven gvkiTxeT, Cven am vizits revoluciisa Tu stiqiisagan dangreuli saqarTvelos aRsadgenad mosisxlfasebuli
oriode groSi pirwmindad mivaxarjeT.
qarTuli folklori da samzareulo Zalian momewonao
(Tqvenc girCevTo, mSier Jurnalistebs gaexumra), guSin kargad gaverTe da kargad davisveneo, amerikis prezidentma.
RmerTma SegargoT, magram Cvens Wirs ra eSvelebao, hkiTxes.
romel Wirso, Zia semma.
Tu gqondaT putinTan laparaki saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis aRdgenazeao.
amerika am saqmeSi ver Caereva, egao, Tqveni da ruseTis gadasawyvetiao, stumarma.
Tqven xom kargad xvdebiT, rom Tqveni Carevis gareSe rusi
afxazeTs da samaCablos ar dagvibrunebso, cremli moadga
Tvalebze `imedis~ Jurnalist gogonas.
arc egrea saqmeo. yvelafers dro undao. ruseTs Tu Wkua
aqvs, mezoblad stabiluri da mdidari saqarTvelo xels unda
aZlevdeso.
natoSi gawevrianebis sakiTxi mainc mogvigvareTo, ar moeSvnen Jurnalistebi.
saerTod Tanaxma var, Tqven warmoidgineT, me, rogorc
amJamad rac universitetSi xdeba, gadauWarbeblad SeiZleba iTqvas, erovnuli ubedurebaa. SeiZleba pirdapir
mogaxsenoT, rom reforma, romelic universitetSi tardeba, TandaTanobiT agresiul-faSistur xasiaTs iZens. es aris
codvis gankiTxva, mxolod im gansxvavebiT, Tqven rom ginaxavT
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20. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
erTi kaci saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis aRdgenasac vemxrobio, buSma.
rogorc xedavT, arc erT Cvens saWirboroto kiTxvaze vaSingtonel stumars damaimedebeli pasuxi ar gaucia.
netar arian xelisuflebis momxre politikosni da, gafuWebuli gramafoniviT imeoreben _ aba, rogor gindaTo, kakas
da CiCias axlave xom ar dagirigebdaTo. zogi ram mimikaze,
intonaciaze unda SegetyoTo, mucelze rom xeli miirtya da
kintauris pirveli ileTi rom gaakeTa, es patara saqmea CvenTviso?
arada is mainc SeeZlo am ojaxaSenebuls, ekiTxa putinisaTvis, ratom ar asruleb stambolis samitis dadgenilebas, ratom ar gagyavs bazebi saqarTvelodano. is mainc ekiTxa, ratom
aZlev ruseTis moqalaqis pasportebs saqarTveloSi mcxovreb
afxazebs da osebso.
samagierod, ar daumala msoflios: `madlobeli var Tqveni, xuTjer rom gazardeT eraySi Tqveni jarebis raodenobao~.
ra siyvaruliT Semogvxedavdnen sparselebi, Turqebi da
saerTod, mezobeli musulmanebi, amas rom gaigebdnen. ar
ityvian erayelebi, saqarTvelos davuRupivarTo?
gafrinda buSi da saocarma sevdam Semipyro.
ase mgonia, qudi amacala Tavidan da Tan gaiyola.
ase mgonia, buSis wasvlis mere ufro meti zizRiT micqeris kavkasionze TovliviT gadmomjdari TeTri daTvi da
naxtomisaTvis emzadeba.
RmerTo, gviSvele.
2005 w.
universitetSi erovnuli ubedureba
trialebs
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miqelanjelos `codvis gankiTxva~, centrSi qriste ki ar dgas,
aramed umizno, usagno, reformis JiniT Sepyrobili ramdenime
Tamami axalgazrda. ganaTlebis gaunaTlebeli ministris, santeqnikos kaxa lomaias xelmZRvanelobiT.
am JiniT Sepyrobili axalgazrdebi ganaTlebis saministrodan arian, romlebmac ar ician, ra codvas umzadeben TavianT
suls Cveni erovnuli universitetis daSliT da dangreviT.
diax, es universiteis ngrevis reformaa. universitetis,
rogorc erovnuli da mecnierebis taZris daSla surT. radgan
am daskvnis gamotana SeiZleba, maSin isini saqarTvelos dauZinebel mtrebad unda gamovacxado, magram aseTi titulisTvis
jer kidev ar memetebian isini. Cemi survilia, rac SeiZleba
Cqara moegon gons, Tumca, maTi saqcieli amis niSans ar maZlevs.
Tavis droze mxari davuWire misaRebi gamocdebis universitetidan gatanas. kaxa lomaiasac vuTxari, rom erovnuli gamocdebis Catareba marTlac SeiZleba erT-erT pozitiur nabijad CaiTvalos, magram iseT formas Rebulobs sauniversiteto
reforma, rom mas veraviTar SemTxvevaSi mxars ver davuWer.
prezidentis mier xelmowerili brZanebuleba iTvaliswinebs universitetis TanamSromelTa axal Tanamdebobebze
gadayvanas. am brZanebulebaSi arsad weria konkursis Sesaxeb.
saqme is aris, rom, radgan universitetis Tanamdebobrivi
struqturebi icvleba, kaTedris gamges sruli profesori
daerqmeva, docents _ asocirebuli profesori, maswavlebels da ufros maswavlebels _ asistent-profesori, rogorc
amas boloniis procesi iTvaliswinebs. es sruliad ar niSnavs
imas, rom universitetma Tavisi ZiriTadi funqcia dakarga da
universiteti saxsrebSi unda movSaloT, rogorc samecnieropedagogiuri dawesebuleba. ganaTlebis saministros Tu iseTi mizani aqvs, rom dRes Cveni saamayo, erovnuli universitetidan miviRoT mxolod koleji Semcirebul-Sekvecili
fakultetebiT, es niSnavs imas, rom Cven ivane javaxiSvilis
saxels SeuracxvyofT da pirqve vamxobT im gamocdilebas da
saamayo gzas, rac Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitets gauvlia. universitetis TanamSromlebi umtkivneulod unda gadaeyvana axal Tanamdebobebze. araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda
Catardes konkursi, radgan konkursi iuridiulad usamarTloa. yvela mosamarTle, vinc samarTlis kodeqsSia Caxedu-
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li, am konkursis Catarebasac win aRudgeba da mis Sedegebsac
gaauqmebs. Tumca, naxeT, ra xdeba sasamarTloSi, ras uSvrebian
sasamarTlo sistemas. Tavwasagdebi mamaliviT samma wesierma
mosamarTlem wamoiyivla uamrav mosamarTleTa Soris, romlebic usityvod monurad asruleben saqarTvelos dRevandeli
xelisuflebis ukeTur davalebebs erovnulobis winaaRmdeg.
im sam mosamarTles ki rogor awameben da rogor yoveldRiurad xdeba erTi qarTuli andazis gamarTleba _ `doqo, Sen
geubnebi, kokav, Sen gaigoneo~. sami patiosani mosamarTlis
CamoSorebiT maT undaT, samudamod daasamaron samarTlebrivi sistema saqarTveloSi, sasamarTlos uzurpacia moaxdinon
da qarTvel ers uTxran, araviTari sasamarTlo ar arsebobs,
tyuilad Tavi ar aitkivoT, kanonic Cven varT da samarTalico. ki magram, varga es pozicia 21-e saukunis saqarTveloSi?!
aki gaiZaxodnen, demokratias vaSenebTo. komunistebs ar hqondaT aseTi gauqmebuli sasamarTlo sistema da e. w. nacionalistebs unda hqonodaT am damoukidebel saqarTveloSi?!
universitetis profesor-maswavleblebi didi samecniero
sabWos mier irCeodnen sxvadasxva droiT. visac Seusruldeboda oTxi weli Tanamdebobaze, mis sakiTxs xelaxla dasvamdnen da didi samecniero sabWo xmis micemiT irCevda xelaxla.
axla universitetis TanamSromelTa didi umravlesoba ukve
arCeulia didi samecniero sabWos mier. me, magaliTad, profesorobis vada (2004 wels amirCies) mimTavrdeba 2008 wels.
universitetSi is kategoriacaa, romelsac wels uwevs profesorobis vadis amowurva. aseTi albaT 0,5 procentia. imaTTvis
SeiZleboda xelaxla konkursis mowyoba, magram danarCenebma,
vinc ukve arCeulia, ra daaSaves? es xom sibecea. kanons xom ar
aqvs ukuqmedebis Zala. Tu asea, maSin ganaTlebis saministros
gaeuqmebina mTlianad universiteti, gamoecxadebina rom 120
profesor-akademikosisgan Semdgari samecniero sabWo, romelic universitets marTavda, damnaSaveTa sabWo iyo. pasuxisgebaSi unda mieca 120-ve profesori da akademikosi. gaeuqmebina maT mier miRebuli yvela dadgenileba. am SemTxvevaSic
ki ar hqonda ufleba, rom ukve arCeuli adamianebi damokles
maxvilis qveS daeyenebina.
universitetis profesor-maswavleblebs ganaTlebis saministrom msubuqi xeliT CaaSxama Soba-axali weli. jer
307
gamogvicxades, rom 30 dekembramdea sabuTebis miReba, xolo
20 ianvars gamocxaddeba konkursis Sedegebio. kanonmorCili
xalxia universitetis profesor-maswavlebelTa umetesoba.
marTalia, vicodiT, rom es konkursi usamarTlo iyo, mainc
gadavwyviteT, migveRo monawileoba masSi. iciT, ramdenad damamcirebeli iyo TiToeuli naSromis, sabuTis moZebna, misi
aslebis gadaReba, avtoreferatebis povna, uamravi cnoba-daxasiaTebis moZieba? damcirebis miuxedavad, es etapi gaviareT.
rodesac es etapi gaviareT, e. i. mivyeviT am reformas, rogorc
Cans, gadaxedes sabuTebs da aRmoaCines, rom universitetis
profesor-maswavlebelTa didi nawili da gansakuTrebiT e. w.
Zveli saxeebi universitetSi isev rCebian. axla ukve SeSfoTdnen ganaTlebis saministros pativcemuli warmomadgenlebi. ra
vqnaT, isev Zveli saxeebi, maT mier Serisxulni, pirdapir getyviT, maT mier SezizRebulni, isev gadian konkurss da kvlav
rCebian universitetis TanamSromlebado! es ki maT sorosul
davalebaSi, rogorc Cans, ar Sedis. ai, amitom gadawyvites,
saswrafod SeaCeron konkursi, saswrafod gaiTxovon saStato
ganrigi, mere Seamciron universitetis Statebi, ise, rogorc
maT surT da maT gegmaSia da konkursi Tavidan Caataron. es
konkursi gacilebiT tencenciuri da faSisturi iqneba.
universitetSi axali konkursis Catareba dadga dRis wesrigSi, mxolod imitom, rom Zveli saxeebi ar darCnen universitetSi.
universitetSi absoluturad ukanonod da gauazreblad
meqanikurad gaerTianebuli xuTi fakultetis (romelsac
humanitaruli fakulteti uwodes) dekanis movaleobis Semsruleblad moiyvanes wesieri kaci, arcTu urigo mecnieri,
goCa jafariZe. Cafiqrebuli aqvT goCa jafariZis xeliT naris
gleja. ganaTlebis saministros surs, am kacs ahkidos damsaxurebuli, udanaSaulo adamianebis universitetidan gaZevebis
codva. radgan goCa jafariZe mixvda, rasac upirebdnen, universitetelTa yvela Taobisadmi gawonasworebuli pozicia
daikava. maSinve aumxedres mas axalgazrda xunveibineli istorikos-reformisti, romelsac aTqmevines TavianTi avi ganzraxva, bolSevikuri wmenda Caataron universitetSi. goCa
jafariZem, ra Tqma unda, upasuxa, rogor SeiZleba, aseTi sityvebiT isaubroT Cvens aRmzrdel-maswavleblebzeo.
308
da ra Tqma unda, arc rusudan lorTqifaniZe moswonT ganaTlebis saministroSi imitom, rom is ar ahyva damangrevel-reformistul temps. mas aSkarad Seetyo, rom Sinaganad inteligent-mimtevebeli qalia, icis ama Tu im moRvawis WeSmariti fasi,
avtoriteti. absoluturad swori iyo mis mier xelmowerili
#232 brZaneba akademiis wevrebis Tsu-is profesorebad gadayvanis Sesaxeb. ra konkursi sWirdeba aTasgzis aprobirebul akademikoss? magram molaSqre ura-reformatorebs TviT akademia
ar undaT da, bunebrivia, arc akademikosebi mosdiT TvalSi. amis
damadasturebelia isic, rom ganaTlebis saministrodan aleqsandre didebuliZis (ministris moadgile) imperatiuli toniT
dawerilma werilmac ar daayovna. saswrafod gaauqmeT Tqveni
brZaneba (akademikosebis profesorebad gadayvana) da xuTi dRis
ganmavlobaSi pasuxi macnobeTo. rusudan lorTqifaniZe iZulebuli gaxades, gaeuqmebina zemoT aRniSnuli brZaneba, riTac
kidev erTxel atkines guli mxcovan mecnierebs. konkursi imisTvis aris mowodebuli, rom universitetidan garekon, gaaZevon,
am sityvis pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT, damsaxurebuli mecnierebi,
erovnuli avtoritetebi, romlebamac es avtoriteti wlebis
ganmavlobaSi moipoves muxlCauxreli SromiT.
sakonkurso komisia 13 wevrisgan Sedgeba. rodesac ramdenime wevrma dainaxa, Tu ra codvaSi udgaT fexi da ra davaleba
aqvT micemuli, gaeridnen am komisias. komisia namdvilad datoves eldar Sengelaiam, gela Carkvianma, volskaiam, bunebrivia, komisias gamoeTiSa elguja xinTibiZe, radganac is
konkursantTa rigebSi Caayenes. am komisiaSi ukve aRar darCa
arc erTi wevri, romelsac qarTul literaturaSi da qarTul
enaSi raime moekiTxeba. maS, vin unda gansazRvros universitetis yofili filologiis fakultetis profesor-maswavlebelTa bedi?! universitetSi dRes saSineli sakonkurso isteria mimdinareobs. fsiqozma absoluturad moSala mecnierTa
janmrTeloba. zafxulidan dRemde universitetidan gagdebis
eldis gamo 10 TanamSromeli gardaicvala. axlaxan swored am
mizeziT sisxli Caeqca cnobil profesors, araerTi saxelmZRvanelos avtors zaur wulaias. minda mivmarTo Cven reformatorebs saministrodan: barem gamoitaneT sruli dadgenileba,
migvayeneT kedelTan da dagvxvriteT!
ganaTlebis saministro, aRvniSne da amiT pirdapir mivaniSne,
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viszec mogaxsenebT. imaTze mogaxsenebT, vinc qmnis aminds dRes
ganaTlebis saministroSi, vinc Tavze azis universitets da
yoveldRiurad karnaxobs rusudan lorTqifaniZes, axla marjvniv Setrialdi da axla marcxnivo. ai, im sameulze, gnebavT,
xuTeulze mogaxsenebT, romlebic gauazreblad, ucodinrad,
SeiZleba, boroti ganzraxviTac ki, universitets ubedur dReSi
ayeneben. rac Seexeba sakonkurso komisias, misi kompetenturoba ufro maRalic rom iyos, is verafers gaxdeba. warmoudgenelia, mecnierebis konkretul miRwevebSi erkveodes is ramdenime
wevri, romelmac Secvala universitetis didi sabWo. mainteresebs, romelma sakonkurso komisiis wevrma unda daadginos
Tamaz gamyreliZis an marika lorTqifaniZis kompetenturoba
mecnierebaSi?! ar gamosdiT Cveni gagdeba e. w. konkursis wesiT,
radganac, is adamianebic, vinc darCnen komisiaSi, sanaxevrod
rCebian. visac ki vesaubre, yvelas gaqcevaze uWiravs Tvali. ase
amboben, ar gvinda am samarcxvino kampaniaSi monawileobis miRebao. SeaCeres konkursi. axla ganaTlebis saministro Tavs imtvrevs, ra axali sakonkurso pirobebi moifiqros, rom rogorme
universiteti gaaTavisuflos mecnier-mamebisgan. SeiZleba
moifiqron sakonkursod, magaliTad, sportuli gamZleobis
Semowmeba, kibeze swrafi asvla profesorisa an paraSutiT gadmoxtoma. mere, albaT visac meti samecniero Sroma aqvs, naklebi
qula unda daeweros. piradad me bolo 10 weliwadSi 100-mde samecniero Sroma, samecniero popularuli statia damibeWdavs.
Cemi xelmZRvanelobiT 29 sakandidato da sadoqtoro disertaciaa daculi. am 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi uamravi krebulis da
saxelmZRvanelos redaqtori gaxlavarT. amis naxevari ar aqvs
universitetis arc erT profesors, magram, darwmunebuli var,
mainc raRac bariers kidev Segviqmnian, rom cocxlad dagvasamaron.
seqtemberSi fakultetis sabWos sxdomaze xmis micemiT
davadgineT, rom reformis gonivruli gatareba marTlac
saWiro iyo, bevr rames waadgeboda da ramdenime kaTedra departamentad gadagvekeTebina. es dadgenileba Tavze dagvaxies.
erTi kviris Semdeg fakultetis samecniero sabWo gaauqmes,
maSin, rodesac departamentebi ukve Seqmnili iyo sxva universitetebSi, magaliTad, quTaisis akaki wereTlis saxelmwifo
universitetSi. msoflioSi ar arsebobs universiteti, sadac
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ar iyos Tanamedrove literaturis departamenti. CvenTan
universitetSi ki aseTi departamentis Seqmnas kategoriulad
ewinaaRmdegebian.
unda giTxraT, rom am suleluri reformis gatarebis
samizned jerjerobiT aRebulia mxolod Tsu, radganac universitetia swored upirvelesi erovnuli kera. msgavsi ram
ar xdeba arc politeqnikur universitetSi, arc sxva universitetebSi. iq umtkivneulod moxda prezidentis brZanebulebis
Sesruleba da am universitetis TanamSromlebi, Sesabamisad,
axal Tanamdebobebze gadaiyvanes. rodesac sakonkurso pirobebze vsaubrobdiT, erT Cems kolegas wamoscda, revaz
miSvelaZes 20 qula ganaRdebuli aqvs, rusTavelis premiis
laureatiao. maSinve wamoxta erTi funqcioneri menejeri,
romelmac ganacxada, rusTavelis premia saxelmwifo premiad
ar iTvlebao. rusTavelis premia saqarTvelos saxelmwifos
umaRlesi jildoa. ar daijerebT, meore dRes rusTavelis
premiebis komitetidan im mencieris energiuli mecadineobiT
moitanes cnoba, rom rusTavelis premia namdvilad saxelmwifo premiaa. mainc ar dacxra Cemi oponenti da erT dRes
sakonkurso komisiis erTma wevrma Tavazianad mTxova, iqneb
daadginoT, romel mecniers aqvs miRebuli rusTavelis premiao. akaki SaniZes da niko kecxovels aqvT miRebuli, isini mecnierebad Tu migaCniaT-meTqi. ai, amis Semdeg momeSvnen. kidev
erT kuriozs mogiyvebiT: qarTuli fenomenis samecniero akademiis damfuZnebeli da prezidenti var. erT-erTi universitetis moxele mekiTxeba, wevri Tu xaro. prezidenti var da
wevri rogor ar viqnebi-meTqi. ara, cnoba unda moitano, rom
wevric xaro. iZulebuli gavxdi, Cemi TavisTvis gamomewera
cnoba, rom wevric var. erTma Cemma nacnobma mecnierma daSala
Tavisi wigni da 4 sxvadasxva broSurad gamosca, rom raodenobaSi CaeTvalos. ai, aseTi rameebic xdeba. vin misca reformistebs ufleba, ase dascinon damsaxurebul adamianebs?! etyoba, ganaTlebis saministroSi janmrTeli axalgazrdebi sxedan,
radgan gulgrilad SeuZliaT moisminon, Tu rogor kvdebian
erTmaneTis miyolebiT Cveni kolegebi. isini, rogorc Cans,
cinikosebic arian. xval romelime profesorma universitetis derefanSi rom am ugvano reformisadmi protestis niSnad Tavi daiwvas, gulgrilad Cauvlian danaxSirebul kacs da
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meore dRes presaSi gamoacxadeben, am bolo dros nevroziT
iyo Sepyrobili da amitom moikla Tavio.
rom giTxraT, universitetSi sagangaSo mdgomareobaameTqi, es cotaa imis Sesafaseblad, rac iq xdeba. universitetSi ubedureba trialebs. sanam saSineleba ar moxdeba,
uari unda Tqvan am sulelur konkursze da Seasrulon saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba. anketaSi cinikurad weria damqiraveblis saxelwodeba. Cven aravis dauqiravebivarT.
es mdgomareoba bejiTi studentobiT, warmatebuli aspirantobiT, wignebis weriT da aqtiuri sazogadoebrivi moRvaweobiT movipoveT. ase rom, universitetis profesori martoden
daqiravebuli pirovneba ar aris. mixeil saakaSvils mivmarTav:
hkiTxos dedamiss da mamamiss, vin daiqirava isini, romlebsac
am reformis safuZvelze ase energiulad erekebian samsaxuridan. Cven universiteti mxrebiT vzideT bolo 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi. rodesac universitetis profesoris xelfasi Savi
puris fuladac ar gvyofnida (axlac sasacilod mizerulia
xelfasi), universitetSi swavla ar Sewyvetila. SeiZleba es ar
icis lomaiam, romelsac universitetSi ar uswavlia da arc
umuSavia, magram nuTu es ar ician reformis kohortis warmomadgenlebma, romlebsac wlebis ganmavlobaSi universitetSi
umuSaviaT?! miT ufro ver damijerebia, rom maT SeuZliaT
mSvidad, gulgrilad ucqiron TavianTi maswavleblebis da
kolegebis wamebas.
2006 w.
universitetis nangrevebze
Tqven axla universitetis nangrevebze dgaxarT.
`Tqven Soris mSvidi darCa vinme?~ _ hkiTxa erTxel galaktionma saqarTvelos da mec, misi codvili mowafeTagani am
kiTxviT mogmarTavT.
roca xedavT, rogor pirqve daamxves saqarTvelo, rogor dausves wertili mecnierebis ganviTarebas, erovnul
wisqvilebs, rogor anadgureben mweralTa kavSirs, saerTod
SemoqmedebiT kavSirebs, rogor gadauWres sasicocxlo Jang-
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badi qarTul kinos... gekiTxebiT Tqven, qarTuli inteligenciis warmomadgenlebo, nuTu SegiZliaT Tqveni SuSabandidan
gulgrilad ucqiroT saqarTvelos ngrevas?
Tavi daanebeT Tqvens sawer-magidebs da mikroskopebs da
quCaSi gamodiT!
Cvens Tavs ukve veRaras vuSveliT, Cven _ `Zvel saxeebs~,
saakaSvilma da lomaiam ganaCeni ukve gamogvitanes.
axla, iqneb, Cveni Svilebi, Cveni studentebi, Cveni axalgazrdoba gadavarCinoT.
naxeT, 17 maiss ra plakatebiT aaWreles universitetis
kedlebi?
`ar mogatyuoT Zvelma saxeebma~, `ar mieyidoT Zvel saxeebs~.
universiteti sxva araferia, Tu ara Zveli da axali saxeebis erToblioba.
Zveli saxe _ profesoria.
axali saxe _ studenti.
xedavT? `Zveli saxeebi~ Turme matyuarebi vyofilvarT da
vcdilobT, viyidoT axali saxeebi _ studentebi.
vai, aseT filosofias! aseTi hitlersac ar Caudenia.
movidnen neokomkavSirlebi, neonacistebi, neogestapoelni
da studentebs amxedreben Cven winaaRmdeg.
Semdegi nabiji iqneba zustad is, rac ivane javaxiSvils
damarTes:
93-e auditoriis win daxvdnen komkavSirlebi da ganucxades:
_ profesoro, Tqven ar gaqvT moraluri ufleba, rom leqciebi gvikiTxoT.
_ ratom geTayva? _ ikiTxa ivane javaxiSvilma.
_ imitom, rom nacionalisti xarT. menSevikebs TanaugrZnobdiT, Tqveni erovnul-Sovinisturi Sexedulebebi Cven
ar gvWirdeba;
gaagdes ivane javaxiSvili universitetidan da gaauqmes
universiteti 1930 wels saqarTvelos mtrebma.
sam weliwadSi mkvdreTiT aRsdga universiteti.
2006 wels isev movidnen saqarTvelos mtrebi da isev gaauqmes universiteti.
axla ukve aRar viciT, rodis aRsdgeba axali `nacionalistebis~ mier damxobili universiteti.
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erovnuli cnobierebis mtrebma kargad ician, roca qveynis daCoqeba ginda, pirvel rigSi erovnuli cnobierebis umTavresi cixe-simagreebi _ universiteti, mweralTa kavSiri da
akademia unda daamxo;
riT gamoixateba universitetis dangreva, meaTased mkiTxavs enaWartala provokatori.
Cven, aq Sekrebilni, Cvens profesorul renomes rodi vicavT, Cven vicavT universitetis ideas saerTod, rakiRa universitetis gadarCena dRes saqarTvelos gadarCenaa.
ngreva 2005 wels daiwyo.
jer mecniereba CamoaWres universitets.
gaauqmes samecniero kabinetebi da samecniero laboratoriebi.
ganviTarebadi qveynis samecniero statusis mixedviT,
Turme, saqarTvelos umaRlesi saswavlebeli da mecnierebi ar
sWirdeba.
saqarTvelos sWirdeba dawyebiTi ganaTleba da koleji.
warmogidgeniaT ufro didi siTavxede? universitetSi
gaauqmes SoTa rusTavelis, ilias, akakis, vaJas, galaktionis,
gamsaxurdias, ivane javaxiSvilisa da akaki SaniZis kabinetebi.
male gaauqmes fakultetebi _ qveynis saWiroebisa da mecnierebaTa diferenciaciis kvalobaze Seqmnili fakultetebi.
meqanikurad gaaerTianes 5-6 fakulteti da daarqves absurduli, sumburuli saxelwodebani. magaliTad, filologiis, istoriis, ucxo enebis da filosofiis fakultetTa nazavs
_ humanitaruli fakulteti hqvia.
gaauqmes kaTedra _ rogorc pedagogiur-mecnieruli saqmianobis yvelaze qmediTi ujredi.
gaauqmes aspirantura! meore welia cvlas ver vzrdiT, batonebo.
meore welia saaspirantod veRar vtovebT niWier axalgazrdebs.
garekes universitetis goneba da sindisi. misi saqmianobis
moTave _ didi samecniero sabWo.
amiT universitets waarTves avtonomiis ukanaskneli niSanwyali;
jer iyo da niSnismogebiT gveubnebodnen galifrebuli xelisufalni:
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_ Tqven rogor gindaT, dagafinansoT kidec da avtonomiac
gqondeTo?
axla dafinansebac Segviwyvites.
universitetSi erTimeoreze cvlian marionet reqtorebs,
raTa universitetis dasamareba rogorme bolomde miayvaninon.
araviTari `reqtorebi~ ar arsebobs. dRes yvela skolis direqtori da yvela umaRlesi saswavleblis reqtori santeqniki
kaxa lomaiaa, romelsac erTi gakveTili ar Cautarebia skolaSi
da erTi leqcia ar waukiTxavs umaRles saswavlebelSi.
samwuxarod, gia xubuac _ axalgamomcxvari reqtori, mxolod Tojinaa kaxa lomaias xelSi.
arc ki icis am axalgazrda kacma, ra codvaSi Caidga fexi
da ra bnel saqmes akeTebineben.
mivediT amas winaT masTan 7 yofili kaTedris gamge. Cven
Soris uxucess _ jumber WumburiZes, universitetSi muSaobis
60 wlis staJi aqvs. sxvebs SedarebiT naklebi, magram 40 welze
naklebi staJi arc erTs ar gvqonda.
vTxoveT: gaacocxle samecniero kabinetebi Tundac mizeruli dafinansebiT, Seqmeni droebiTi sabWo, romelic mxarSi
amogidgeba. gaauqme es ybadaRebuli sakonkurso komisiebi da
sabWos daavale misi funqciebi, aRadgine kaTedrebi, aRadgine
aspirantura...
Cems sicocxleSi ar damaviwydeba misi Rimiliani saxe.
cinikuri, civi uariT gamogvistumra.
aseTi civi RimiliT Sexedavs igi, albaT, Rvawlmosil profesors, romelmac SeiZleba, sasowarkveTilma, universitetis
derefanSi Tavi daiwvas.
ai, ra codvis kalo trialebs universitetSi.
araviTari sibraluli, araviTari pativiscema Rirsebisa.
mere ra, rom amden xans mSieri emsaxurebodi erovnuli inteligenciis aRzrdas, mere ra, rom amdeni saxelmZRvanelo
dagiweria, axla Sen ukve `Zveli saxe~ xar. qudi daixure da
wadi. `didi samecniero sabWo~ TvalSi cudad mosdis kaxa lomaias. man universitetSi `kancleris~ Tanamdeboba SemoiRo
(diax, hitleric raixkancleri, `raixfiureri~ iyo).
ra unda `kanclers~ universitetSi, batonebo.
saTqmeli bevria, magram minda am mikrofonTan SequCul
Cems TanamebrZolebs davutovo danarCeni.
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erTs davZen mxolod: mitingi, romelic dRes daiwyo, ar
unda damTavrdes, sanam universitets ar gadavarCenT.
Cven ukan Cveni aspirantebi da studentebi, Cveni gazrdilebi, Cveni Svilebi dganan.
moTminebis fiala pirTamde savsea. Cven ukandasaxevi gza
moWrili gvaqvs!
qarTveli eris dumili ori welia danaSaulebriv dumilSi
gadaizarda.
am xelisuflebam erovneba wagvarTva da vdumvarT!
mamis saxeli wagvarTva da vdumvarT.
saqarTvelo mTian-barianad groSebze gagviyides da
vdumvarT!
qarTul eklesias ieRovelebi Seusies da vdumvarT!
mweralTa kavSirs gviuqmeben, akademia gagviuqmes da vdumvarT!
universiteti dagvingries da vdumvarT!
xom ar dadga dro, qudze kaci gamovideT, raTa saqarTvelos damaqcevarT gza vuCvenoT TavianTi okeanisgaRmeli
patronebisaken.
istoria am dumils ar gvapatiebs.
bolos da bolos, keTili nebis msoflios xom unda
vuCvenoT, rom jer kidev cocxlebi varT?!
jer kidev vfeTqavT!
2006 wlis 23 maiss
universitetis gadarCenis mitingze naTqvami sityva.
kvlav erovnul barikadebze
mweralTa kavSiris arsebobis 90 wlidan 50 weli am erovnul
taZarSi gamitarebia.
davwere es striqonebi da TviTonve SemeSinda.
ra dro gasula.
Teqvsmeti wlis viyavi, lado mrelaSvilma rom mimiyvana
mweralTa kavSirSi. jer rezo kverenCxilaZes CamoarTva xeli
da biblioTekis Ria karidan pirdapir mweralTa kavSiris baRSi aRmovCndiT.
Zelskamze ori kaci ijda.
1957 wlis 11 seqtemberi iyo.
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erTs, sicxis miuxedavad, moSavo `pleCebiani~ pijaki ecva,
JRali wveri muWSi moeqcia, fexebTan portfeli edo da Tavze
Wilofis qudi exura. meores mkacri gamometyvelebis, quTuToebdaberil moxucs evropulad, piwkad ecva, xolo Tavze
ratomRac kravelis boxoxi exura.
_ lados gaumarjos! _ xeli gauwoda boxoxianma.
wverosans ki Cveni misvliT didi aRfrTovaneba ar dastyobia.
_ Cemi colisZmaa, _ mgoni ufro pauzis dasarRvevad Cemze
moaTiTa ladom.
_ ras laparakob?! _ TiTqos Zalian gaexardao, xeli
CamomarTva wverosanma da momeCvena, rom wamoiwia kidec.
_ rogor, lado, Sen coli gyavs? _ Seicxada kravelis
boxoxianma.
_ aba, colisZma saidan eyoleba, Seni ar mikvirs, Zamiko?!
gadaixarxara wverosanma da Zveli, yavisferi portfeli
muxlebSua moiqcia.
aseTi iyo Cemi pirveli misvla mweralTa kavSirSi da Cemda
iRblad, pirvel misvlazeve or genioss Semaxvedra bedma _
konstantine gamsaxurdias da galaktion tabiZes.
male universitetis studenti gavxdi da SemiZlia davifico, im dRidan dRemde mweralTa kavSirSi, Tu ki yurs movkravdi, TiTqmis yvela RonisZiebas veswrebodi.
ras moismendi ukeTess, sad naxavdi ase Sekrebilad qarTuli sityvis ostatebs, eris brZen mamebs.
mxolod wignebidan vici, ra rudunebiT Seiqmna am oTxmocdaoTxi wlis win sruliad saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiri
da rogor daisaxa man pirveli dRidanve miznad, ebrZola qarTuli erovnuli cnobierebis gadarCenisTvis _ `araviTari
unapiro internacionalizmi da araviTari pirmorRveuli kosmopolitizmi! saqarTveloSi unda iyos mxolod qarTuli enis,
qarTuli kulturis dominanti!~ _ xmis CaxleCamde yviroda
mweralTa pirvel yrilobaze konstantine gamsaxurdia.
me mxolod wignebidan vici, kaenis aRzevebis dros rogor
gadaumtvries xerxemali javaxiSvils da ticians, rogor miiyvanes TviTmkvlelobamde paolo, rogor dauWres pirveli
wigni lado asaTians artanujze dawerili leqsisaTvis `cixis
sizmari~.
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magram mec bevrs rasme Seveswar da is `bevri ramea~ am
uTanasworo brZolaSi rom maZlebinebs, SuaRamisas wamomagdebs
da magidasTan damsvams, rom ar masvenebs da tvins miburRavs.
maxsovs, galaktionis gadafrena meoTxe sarTulidan _
pirveli elda CvenTvis da protestis yvelaze didi yumbara
ukvdavi poetis mier xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg nasroli.
maxsovs, rogor gadaiqca 90-ian wlebSi mweralTa sasaxle
erovnuli moZraobis mTavar Stabad.
maxsovs, 1978 wlis 10-14 aprils mweralTa kavSirSi qarTuli enis dasacavad gamarTuli mitingebi da Tavganwiruli
erTsulovneba.
maxsovs, 1989 wlis 10 aprilis dazafruli sxdoma, nodar
wuleiskirma cecxli rom waukida komunisturi partiis mandats da yvelas Tvalwin sajarod dawva.
maxsovs, zviad gamsaxurdias daWeris meore dRes kolxur
koSkSi mivedi da Cemi WkuiT vanugeSe q-ni manana _ nu geSiniameTqi.
me risi meSinia, rezo, imaT eSinodeT, vinc zviadi mweralTa kavSiridan ase erTsulovnad garicxao, mipasuxa.
maxsovs, revaz jafariZis gamosvla mweralTa V yrilobaze,
roca `awonili sityvis~ avtorma, yvelasaTvis moulodnelad,
grigol robaqiZis reabilitacia moiTxova.
maxsovs, cimbiris gulagebidan axaldabrunebuli Wabua
amirejibis `daTa TuTaSxias~ beWdvis dawyeba `ciskarSi~, ris
gamoc `ciskari~ proklamaciasaviT xelidan-xelSi gadadioda.
maxsovs, zaur bolqvaZis `niangis~ axali nomeri nacxraaprilevs da Jurnalis ydaze daxatuli rusi jariskaci orlesuli
niCbiT xelSi.
maxsovs, lamis jvars rom acves guram fanjikiZe samociani
wlebis aSkara revoluciuri romanisaTvis `Tvali patiosani~.
maxsovs, sergi Wilaias kabinetSi gacxarebuli qarTuli
prozis patriarqi: `landebTan lacici~ SemiCeres, momeci saswrafod inauris telefoni. aRar gaTavda Cemi devna?~
maxsovs SoTa niSnianiZis winaaRmdeg agorebuli intrigis
talRa aqlemisa da leqsis qurdis poeturi alegoriisaTvis da
im dros dawerili misi sabarikado leqsi `zig hail! zig hail!~
maxsovs rogor gamovapareT stambidan levan sanikiZem
da me `uqarqaSo xmlebis~ ukvdavi avtoris wigni _ braldeba
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`vai rusisgan~ da meore dResve rogor izruna xelisuflebam
imaze, rom wignis mTeli tiraJi sadRac gamqraliyo ise, rom
biblioTekebSic ver ipoviT _ levanis ojaxs SemorCa, me da
albaT levanis oriode megobars.
romeli erTi gavixseno.
pirvel gabedul, erovnul sityvas mwerali ambobda yovelTvis, mweralTa kavSiris tribunidan naTqvami marTali sityva meore dResve saqarTvelos moefineboda xolme da pirvel
dartymasac mwerali iRebda.
marto imis xazgasma rad Rirs, rom XIX saukunis saqarTvelos sulieri mama da ugvirgvino mefe swored mwerali gaxldaT da saqarTvelos pirveli prezidentic mwerali iyo.
mweralTa kavSiri dResac pirnaTlad asrulebs Tavis
erovnul funqcias _ igi janmrTeli, zomieri opozicioneria
da amitomac ebrZvian mas gaafTrebiT; xan likvidaciiT emuqrebian da xan Senobis warTmeviT.
daTvaleT, awoneT saqarTvelos gaRviZebaSi mwerlis mier
Setanili wvlili da mere uwodeT, patara, momxveWelo kacunebo, mweralTa kavSirs `gadmonaSTi~.
zemoT vTqvi, 37 weli ar maxsovs-meTqi, magram axla aranakleb mZime droa qarTuli mwerlobisTvis.
ilias lozungi _ `Cveni Tavi Cvenadve gveyudnes~ dRis wesrigidan wuTiTac ar moxsnila.
Cven axlac barikadebze vdgavarT da erovnuli sangrebidan vutevT Cveni nacionaluri saxis wasaSlelad gamogzavnil
manqurTebs.
2007 w.
msoflios istoriis yvelaze tragikuli
epizodi
2007 wlis 21 agvistos, gamTeniis 4 saaTze, saakaSvilis
gankargulebiT mweralTa sasaxles Tavs daesxa niRbian policielTa `specrazmi~. quCaSi gamoyares yvelaferi. Cems kabinetSi erTi wuTiT, Tqveni meTvalyureobiT SemiSviT, pirad
nivTebsa da `mwerlis gazeTis~ masalebs gamovitan-meTqi, _
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vTxove. civi uari mtkices. minda, yvelas gasagonad vTqva: mweralTa kavSiri kvlav iarsebebs da surT Tu ara mavanT, qarTveli
mwerali Tavis RvTiur misias mainc Seasrulebs. es mZime dReebi
ki istoriis da literaturis Temad iqceva, rogorc Tanamedroveobis yvelaze tragikuli epizodi.
50 weli gavatare am SenobaSi da CemTvis misi yoveli mtkaveli uZvirfasesia. amaT ki umowyalod daarbies da qars gaatanes
mweralTa avtografebiani unikaluri biblioTeka, gaurkveveli
mimarTulebiT waiRes savarZeli, romelzedac konstantine gamsaxurdias uyvarda jdoma, asfaltze daanarcxes karada, romelic galaktionma mweralTa kavSirSi sakuTari zurgiT moitana, gadayares mweralTa unikaluri arqivi. es ubralo Senoba
ki ara, istoriuli muzeumia, memorialuri Senobaa ilias, akakis, vaJas, galaktionis, gamsaxurdias, javaxiSvilis, ticianis,
goglas, Salva dadianis, lado asaTianis, SoTa niSnianiZis,
irakli abaSiZis, TviT prezidentis pirdapiri babuis _ grigol
abaSiZis xsovnas rom inaxavs.
rogorc Cans, Cem mier CamoTvlili, qarTveli erisTvis Zvirfasi saxelebi Cvens xelisuflebas arafers eubneba, rogorc
Tavad amboben, Senoba imitom dagvatovebines, rom ukanonod
gqondaT dakavebulio.
mkiTxvels kidev erTxel Sevaxseneb, rom es Senoba daviT
sarajiSvilma qarTvel mwerlebs 1912 wels uanderZa. 1918 wels
sarajiSvilis finansurma memkvidrem daviT xoStariam aRasrula sarajiSvilis anderZi, xolo 1921 wlis 28 Tebervals, roca
bolSevikebi Semovidnen, Salva eliavam, specialuri dekretiT,
es Senoba saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSirs oficialurad daumtkica. TiTqmis 100 welia, am SenobaSi mweralTa kavSiri arsebobs
da misi ase umowyalod darbeva dRemde azrad aravis mosvlia.
ukanonosTan erTad, am Senobas da mweralTa kavSirs komunisturi gadmonaSTic uwodes, aris, mweralTa kavSiri komunisturi gadmonaSTi?
mweralTa kavSiri 1917 wlis aprilSi Seiqmna, oqtombris
revoluciamde 6 TviT adre, ase rom, zogi WkuanaRrZobi rom
ambobs, es kavSiri komunisturi gadmonaSTiao, sad iyvnen maSin
komunistebi?
SarSan mecnierebTan Sexvedraze prezidentma ganacxada,
garwmunebT, sanam me aq var, mwerlebs Senobas veravin waarTmev-
so. mec ase megona da amitomac, axlaxan ekonomikis saministrodan werili rom miviReT, Senoba saswrafod dacaleTo, xumroba
gvegona. vifiqre, albaT, gvaSineben, rom WkuiT viyoT-meTqi.
30 welia me da qalbatoni giuli alasania, Cveni prezidentis
deda, universitetSi erTad vmuSaobT. 21 agvistos, rodesac
mweralTa kavSirs Tavs daesxnen, qalbaton giulis davureke
da vkiTxe: qalbatono giuli, nuTu prezidentis surviliT da
TanagrZnobiT moxda mweralTa darbeva-meTqi. mipasuxa: batono
rezo, miSa aq ar aris, patriotTa banakSia da darwmunebuli
var, rac aq moxda, amis Sesaxeb araferi icis. lamis vifiqro,
rom Cems Svils aseT scenebs specialurad uwyoben, rom xalxs
SeaZulon!
ra vqna, vera var iseTi gulubryvilo, rom es istoriuli
danaSauli, mweralTa darbeva mxolod van baiburTis Svils _
griSa baiburTs davabralo. aRdgoma da xvaleo. Tu es asea,
maSin imedi unda viqonioT, rom patriotTa banakidan dabrunebuli batoni miSa, dRes Tu xval, Cvens damwiokebels yurs aaxevs
_ es ra idiotoba CagideniaTo da Cven, mwerlebs, cimcim Segvasaxlebs isev mweralTa sasaxleSi, Tumca...
zogjer avi fiqri gamielvebs xolme TavSi, vaiTu Senoba
arafer SuaSia da es yvelaferi TviT mweralTa kavSiris winaaRmdeg iyos mimarTuli-meTqi.
qarTveli mwerlebisTvis tribunis warTmeviT, anu enis amoglejviT TviT qarTul cnobierebas ebrZvian, Tqven warmoidgineT, am dReebSi mweralTa kavSiris winaaRmdeg sami momwerlo
moqalaqe gamoaZvrines. erTi maTgani kinofilm `avaras~ personaJs _ jagas hgavda. ijda Wipamde kvarTgaxsnili da aseT
sibrZnes afrqvevda: ratom unda iyos mwerloba saxelmwifos
kmayofazeo. simwriT gameRima. vaJa gigaSvili me-20 saukunis
80-ian wlebSi CarCenila. ar icis, rom aTi welia, mTavrobas
mweralTa kavSirisTvis erTi gaxvretili kapikianic ar miucia.
meore, mweralTa kavSiris lanZRviT saxelganTqmuli zaal samadaSvili gaxldaT, romelic skolis direqtorTa konkursze
CaiWra, Tumca, ixtibari ar gaitexa da televiziiT sajarod
ganacxada: rad mindoda direqtoroba, oqro xeloba maqvs da
mwerlobas davubrundebio. netav, direqtorad gasuliyo, sxvaTa Soris, zaal samadaSvils amas winaT `mwerlis gazeTSi~
orgverdiani statia mivuZRveni saTauriT: `zaal Sen mwerali
320
21. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
321
ar xar!~ mweralTa kavSiris mesame mgmobelad ana korZaia-samadaSvili mogvevlina. is Cems sadarbazoSi, Cems mezoblad gazrdili gogonaa da bavSvobaSi Zalian miyvarda.
_ arqiteqtorTa kavSiri mesmis, es mainc koleqtiuri saqmianobaa da arsebobis ufleba aqvs, magram mweralTa kavSiri
raRa ubedurebaa, mwerloba xom koleqtiur muSaobas ar eqvemdebarebao, _ ganacxada qalbatonma anam. minda mivmarTo mas:
aseTi sisulele ram gaTqmevina, Svilo, ana. Sen ggonia, diliT
modian mwerlebi mweralTa kavSirSi, sxdebian magidasTan da
koleqtiurad weren leqsebs da moTxrobebs? xolo Cven, mweralTa kavSiris mdivnebi, magidebs Soris dinjad davabijebT da
Tu romelime mwerals fraza an azri `gaeWedeba~, didsulovnad
xels wavukravT xolme? ramodena gazrdilxar, ana. Seni wigni
wavikiTxe da sircxviliT daviwvi. gavifiqre, saidan iswavla
Cems xelSi gazrdilma gogonam es skabrezuli siTamame-meTqi...
ase rom, rac male gagaTxoveben Seni kargi mSoblebi, miT ukeTesia.
erTma ministrma ase `dagvmoZRvra~: SoTa rusTaveli mweralTa kavSiris wevri ar yofila, magram `vefxistyaosani~ mainc
dawera da Cvens mwerlebs Tu kargi nawarmoebebis Seqmna undaT,
amisaTvis calke Senoba saWiro sulac ar ariso.
aq ukve sakomentarod ena ar momibrundeba. avuxsna axla ministr kacs, ra funqcia aqvs mweralTa kavSirs? yvelafers Tavi
rom davaneboT, am SenobaSi mivageT ukanaskneli pativi TiTqmis
yvela, aw gardasul saxelovan mwerals. Tundac mxo­lod amis
gamo, aris Tu ara mweralTa kavSiri saWiro? batono imano, ai,
ra Senoba daarbieT udierad da qurdulad Sen da Senma amfsonebma.
netav, rogor xasiaTze dadgebi, erT dRes specnazi rom
Semogivardes, Seni saministros feSenebeluri, kondicioneriani Senoba daarbios da iqidan TanamSromlebianad gamogapanRuros?
vapirebT `damwvar sudSi~ Civils. Tu araferi gamovida, isev
sityviT, kalmiT vibrZolebT. tragikulia dRes mwerlis bedi.
rogor unda wero leqsebi da moTxrobebi siyvarulze, saTnoebaze, roca ici, rom mavans sZulxar da sakuTari saxlidan
gerekebian. magram, sabednierod, jer kidev hqviaT quCebsa da
moednebs mweralTa saxelebi, jer kidev laparakobs qarTveli
322
eri mwerlis citatebiT, jer kidev usmens qveyana mwerals. dro
ar Cerdeba. igi saRi azris sasargeblodac muSaobs. iciT, am
wuTSi guli gansakuTrebiT or rameze mwydeba: ra bangi gasves
aseTi, Cemo ero, rom miwis piridan qarTveli eris alagmvas
TiTqmis Seurigdi da yurbaliSze Tavmidebuls tkbilad gZinavs? meorec: sad, romeli mamidis imaSi SeZvrnen Cveni `qvelmoqmedi~ milionebi? ar unda ikiTxon, ra pirobebSi agrZelebs sicocxles gazeTi `asaval-dasavali~ an romeli xis qveS daibuda
eris upirvelesma mezarem _ saqarTvelos mwe­ralTa kavSirma?
27 agvisto, 2007 w.
ra gvWirs?
mweralTa sasaxle kvlav okupirebulia xelisuflebis mier.
sabediswero 21 agvistos Semdeg araferi Secvlila.
xuTi avtomatiani policieli dRedaRam darajobs mweralTa sasaxles.
Senobidan gamoZevebulia saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiri,
afxazeTis mweralTa regionaluri organizacia, `mwerlis
gazeTis~ redaqcia, mweralTa istoriuli arqivi, Jurnalebis
_ `riwas~, `ialqnis~ da `afras~ redaqciebi, mweralTa avtografebiani umdidresi biblioTeka, sxvadasxva saqvelmoqmedo
organizaciebi...
***
amaod daveZebT mweralTa sasaxleSi dacul unikalur memorialur nivTebs. bevri maTgani daviT sarajiSvilis mieraa naanderZevi, zogi aw gardacvlili saxelovani mwerlebis
ojaxebma Semoswires mweralTa kavSirs.
erTni gvpasuxoben, rom memorialuri nivTebis (naxatebi,
xelnawerebi, savarZlebi, skamebi, magidebi, karadebi...) erTi
nawili didubis nagavsayrelzea, meoreni amboben, rom sadRac
vanis quCaze miitanes da mitacebuli nivTebis saidumlo sawyobSi iatakze dayares.
ar aris araviTari aRricxva.
policielebi amboben, ar viciT, ras vdarajobT, CvenTvis
323
konkretulad araferi CaubarebiaT. ase rom, warmodgena ara
gvaqvs, ra nivTebia mweralTa kavSiris SenobaSio.
es imas niSnavs, rom 21 agvistos sasaxle gaiqurda.
yvelaferi ganadgurda, yvelaferi ganiavda.
veloSi politikuri mizniT mweralTa kavSiris darbevis samarcxvino faqti.
am garemoebam mniSvnelovnad dasca Cveni `demokratiuli
xelisuflebis~ imiji msoflios TvalSi.
***
***
7 agvistos gldanis raionis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi mweralTa kavSiris sarCelis ganxilva daiwyo.
mweralTa kavSiris kanonier saCivars imis Sesaxeb, rom mweralTa sasaxle, yvela sabuTebiT (dawyebuli 1921 wlis 28
Tebervals revkom Salva eliavas gankargulebiT...) mweralTa
kavSirs ekuTvnis da vardebis revoluciidan ramdenime TveSi
igi usafuZvlod, zurab Jvanias mxardaWeriT, farulad miiTvisa ekonomikis saministrom, daemata 21 agvistos dilis 4 saaTze mweralTa kavSiris darbevis faqti.
sasamarTloze asamde gamoCenili mwerali movida.
unda aRiniSnos, rom mosamarTle giorgi gvenetaZem obieqturad, orive mxarisadmi gulisyuriani damokidebulebiT
daiwyo procesi.
mxareTa mosmenis Semdeg man pirveli kerZo ganCineba
gamoitana: uaryofil iqnas, rogorc usafuZvlo, ekonomikis saministros moTxovna procesis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb da
arasamarTlebrivad iqnas cnobili 21 agvistos specrazmis
mier mweralTa kavSiris darbeva (laparakia Senobis dakavebis
formaze, meTodze...) daevalos ekonomikis saministros, warmoadginos sabuTebi imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra iuridiuli safuZvlebi edo vardebis revoluciis Semdeg mweralTa kavSiris
ekonomikis saministros kuTvnilebad gamocxadebas.
sasamarTlo 4 oqtombers, 2 saaTze gagrZeldeba.
7 seqtembers parlamentis sxdomaze sazeimod dasamtkiceblad miyvanil mTavrobis wevrebs opozicionerma parlamentarebma manana naWyebiam da fiqria CixraZem sazeimo ganwyoba
gaufuWes. hkiTxes, ra bedi eliT 21 agvistos Tqveni gankargulebiT da policiis tlanqi xeliT quCaSi gayril mwerlebso.
mTavarma damrbevma noRaidelma mware RimiliT upasuxa, mwerlebs Senobas ar wavarTmevTo.
mwerlebSi albaT `ganswavluli~ noRaideli Wabuka amirejibs, ana kalandaZes, oTar WilaZes, otia ioselians, rezo
WeiSvils, merab elioziSvils, murman jguburias, jansuR
Carkvians, goderZi Coxels da im 475 mwerals ar gulisxmobda,
visac 21 agvistos ganTiadisas yaCaRurad waarTva sasaxle.
`gamarjvebuli ministrebi~ ki erTad isxdnen da gonebasust bavSvTa skolis aRsazrdelebiviT uazrod icinodnen.
***
mweralTa kavSiris kuTvnili sasaxlis darbevam da okupirebam saqarTvelos xelisuflebis mier, msoflio rezonansi
gamoiwvia.
Tavi rom davaneboT mweralTa kavSiris misamarTiT gamogzavnil TanagrZnobis depeSebsa da satelefono gamoxmaurebebs, riTac msoflios cnobili mwerlebi Tanadgomas
gvicxadeben, msoflios araerTma televiziam uCvena saqarT-
324
***
mweralTa sasaxlis bedi kvlav gaurkvevelia.
29 agvistos erevnidan mweralTa delegacia Camovida da
okupantebma imis nebac ar dagvrTes, rom somex kolegebTan
erTad mweralTa sasaxlis baRSi mainc CamovmsxdariyaviT da
samomavlo gegmebze gvesaubra.
somexi mwerlebi, romlebic gagik davTianis xelmZRvanelobiT gvewvivnen, raTa maT mier uangarod Targmnili qarTuli
poeziis anTologiis maketi eCvenebinaT, gaognebulni darCnen.
oqtomberSi gegmis mixedviT berZen mweralTa delegacia
gvewveva, sad miviRoT, sad waviyvanoT `amxanago xelisuflebav?~
ukve erTi Tve gavida, rac vandalurad gamogvasaxles da
rogorc yuri movkariT, kulturisa da ekonomikis saministroebs Soris bagiris damarqafebuli gadaqaCva grZeldeba
Sesaxeb imisa, Tu vis darCes Cveni sasaxle. kulturis saminis-
325
tros surs warTmeul SenobaSi xelisuflebis taSis damkvreli medrove xelovanni `ganaTavsos~, ekonomikis saministros
ki, arc meti arc naklebi, sasaxlis gayidva aqvs ganzraxuli.
***
am gaxsenebaze: rogor xasiaTze xarT `saxelovanno qarTvelo mwerlebo~ _ zaal samadaSvilo, mamuka xerxeuliZev, vaJa
gigaSvilo, ana korZaia-samadaSvilo?
rao, miaRwieT Tqvensas?
gamodevneT rusTavelis da galaktionis aCrdilebi saqarTvelos mweralTa sasaxlidan?
ra piriT SexvalT da daikavebT im istoriul sasaxleSi
Wabua amirejibis, ana kalandaZis, oTar WilaZis da sxvaTa adgilebs?
ar SegrcxvebaT?
Zalian cotani da Zalian patarani xom ar xarT imisaTvis,
rom xelisuflebis mxardaWeriT mopovebul am savaneSi `gaSaloT frTebi?~
sad miudixarT codos, an im wyevlas, sad daemalebiT, riTac dagwyevliT mTeli gonieri saqarTvelo da asi wlis poetideda marika baraTaSvili?
iqneb ggoniaT rom Tqven mier usindisod mopovebul
`postebze~ gverdiT mogijdebian laSa buRaZe, nugzar SataiZe, rostom CxeiZe, daTo maRraZe, daTo turaSvili, basa
janikaSvili?..
ra mwared SecdiT, Zvirfasebo.
***
mweralTa sasaxlis mweralTagan damcvelma erTma policielma `mwerlis gazeTis~ TanamSromels amas winaT uTxra:
me vmonawileobdi 21 agvistos, dilis 4 saaTze mweralTa
kavSiris aRebaSi. Ramis 12 saaTze Segvkribes specrazmelebi
da gamogvicxades _ mweralTa sasaxleSi am sami dRis winaT
ltolvilebi da viRac ucnobi moqalaqeebi SeiWrnen da dauyovnebliv unda gavuTavisufloT qarTvel mwerlebs Senobao.
megona patriotul saqmeze mivdiodi.
SeiaraRebuli winaaRmdegoba rom aravin gagviwia, sasaxleSi rom SeWrilebi ver aRmovaCineT da erTi kabinetis karebze
326
`revaz miSvelaZe~ rom amovikiTxe, mivxvdi, rac Cagvadenines,
magram ukve gvian iyo.
***
morcxvad sduman Cveni `qvelmoqmedi~ miliarderebi.
isini prezidentis TiTis gaqneviT daafinanseben yovelgvar Sou-sisuleles, magram imas rogor gabedaven, mweralTa
kavSirs am Znelbedobis dros Tundac patara, samoTaxiani bina
SeuZinon, raTa darbeuli kavSiri eris saxelovan SvilTa, im
pawawkintela navsayudels droebiT mainc Seefaros.
yoCaR, fxizelo milionerebo. ase unda xelisuflebis
mxar­daWera.
raki prezidents mwerlebi sZuls, es imas niSnavs, rom
Tqvenc unda gZuldeT.
nuTu ise gageyinaT suli, rom arc erT Tqvengans aRar aqvs
feSenebelur binaSi rusTavelis, ilias, akakis, vaJas, gamsaxurdias, Wabuas, lado asaTianis, ana kalandaZis wignebi?
***
yvelaze gasakviri is gaxlavT, rom roca mweralTa kavSiris darbevaze mTeli msoflio laparakobs, saqarTvelos
prezidenti krintsac ar sZravs.
erTsityvian komentarsac ar akeTebs.
Tqvi, ar vicodi-Tqo, me, grigol abaSiZis SviliSvili, da
qarTuli demokratiis mama mweralTa kavSiris darbevis brZa­
nebas rogor gavcemdi-Tqo...
Tavis gamarTleba mainc scade, rame mainc Tqvi, Se kai kaco.
rao, buzebadac aRar vCanvarT Sens TvalSi, miSiko?
2007 w.
ra xdeba?
saqarTveloSi demokratia hyvavis.
demokratiis saxeliT daarbies mweralTa kavSiri _ aqaoda,
ratom xelisuflebis dudukze ar cekvaven qarTveli mwerlebio.
327
demokratiis saxeliT quCaSi gamoyares simarTlis mTqmeli
Jurnal-gazeTebi.
demokratiis saxeliT gaanadgures universiteti, akademia,
fizkulturis instituti...
demokratiis saxeliT gaauqmes rusTavelis premiebis
komiteti, qarTuli enis palata da yvela erovnuli instituti.
demokratiis saxeliT umuSevrad datoves absoluturad
yvela saxelovani mecnieri.
demokratiis saxeliT daapatimres irakli oqruaSvili.
demokratiis saxeliT dRisiT-mzisiT quCaSi, saxalxod
daxvrites erovnuli gmiri guram SaraZe (Tumca 28 seqtembers
xelisuflebis sawinaaRmdego mitingze enawylian gamomsvlelTagan mwerali guram SaraZe aravis gaxsenebia).
***
ar aRmoCnda marTali prezident saakaSvilis mimarT
wayenebuli braldeba, ise sZuls yovelive qarTuli, rom
maRal Tanamdebobaze mxolod somxebs, osebs da ebraelebs
niSnavso.
30 seqtembers saberZneTSi saakaSvilma msoflios ganucxada: sulel opozicias saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa ministri
gela beJuaSvili somexi rom hgonia _ sinamdvileSi eTnikuri
berZeniao.
ise, me rom saakaSvili viyo, ficSi Casayoleblad mTavrobaSi erT-or eTnikur qarTvels (an ukidures SemTxvevaSi,
Sereuli ojaxis warmomadgenels) mainc gavurevdi.
***
amaswinaT xaTuna gogoriSvils uTqvams: CemTvis vinc mwe­
ralia, mweralTa kavSirSi ar ariso (`jorjian TaimsSi~).
ra gaakeTon, ra iRonon, riT dagimtkicon xaTuna, Wabua
amirejibma da ana kalandaZem (450 namdvili mwerlidan mxolod am ors davasaxeleb), rom burWulaZesTan da korZaiasamadaSvilTan erTad esenic mwerlebi arian?
vai, Cvens moswrebas, xaTuna, Seni gasarCevi rom gaxda erTmaneTisgan namdvili da gamogonili mwerali.
ratom Cri cxvirs iq, sadac araferi gesaqmeba?
328
Cven xom arasodes dagviyenebia eWvis qveS Seni mSvenieri
qaloba?
Cven xom ar geubnebiT, xaTuna, netav romeli kuTxiT unda
SegxedoT, Seni namdvili saxe rom gavarkvioT?
oqro xeloba gaqvs, arCevnebis didostati xar, daetie Sens
zurgze, xaTuna.
***
mweralTa sasaxlis kuTvnilebis Taobaze mimdinare sasamarTlo kidev erTxel gadaido amjerad 25 oqtombris 4
saaTamde.
mizezi?
ekonomikis saministrom ver warmoadgina sabuTebi Sesaxeb
imisa, ris safuZvelze gadaiforma qurdulad mweralTa kuTvnili sasaxle.
mopasuxe mxaris warmomadgenelma ganacxada: rogorc Cans,
reestris cnoba specfostiT ki ara, saxalxo fostiT gamoagzavnes da `vaiTu gzaSi daikargao~.
Sercxvenili xelisufleba, romelsac dReebi daTvlili
aqvs, drois gayvanis politikas adgas.
aviTrev fexs, sanam `an viri mokvdeba, an viris patronio~.
***
`moRalate opoziciisgan~ araerTgzis yuraweuli prezidenti friad SeZrwunebuli Cans. siamovnebiT Seaxramunebda
(misi terminia) yvela gansxvavebuli azris mqones, magram eSinia, yelze ar daadges.
imdenad SeSinebulia, ukan dasaxev gzas eZebs.
`gaocebuli var pirdapir, zogierT `saswavlo dawesebulebaSi ra kargad muSaoben 60 wels gadaSorebulebio~, Tqva 4
oqtombers mTavrobis sxdomaze da `xandazmulebis~ ulmobel
mtrebs _ ministrebs Sexeda.
ministrebma maTi mSoblebiskbila adamianebisadmi zizRiT
savse Tvalebi daxares.
2007 w.
329
vin vis Carecxavs!
saakaSvilis xelisuflebis oTxi weli savsebiT sakmarisi
gaxda imisTvis, rom mosaxleobis 98 procents Cveni Tineijeruli xelisuflebisadmi ndoba daekarga. aRar gvinda ritorika
da pirdapir faqtebiT vilaparakoT. saakaSvilis xelisuflebam
saSinao politikaSi sruli kraxi ganicada... inflacia dasaRupavad devis nabijebiT gviaxlovdeba, fasebi elvis siswrafiT
izrdeba da dRes saqarTveloSi xorblis sami Tvis maragiRa
dagvrCa. erT sulze samomxmareblo kalaTa 150 laria, saakaSvili ki saqarTvelos sam-naxevari milion mcxovrebTagan zustad
erT milions 48-larian pensias aZlevs. yvelaferi gaiyida...
saqarTvelos gayidviT Sevsebuli biujeti ramden xans gawvdeba
ilajgawyvetil qveyanas? waikiTxavdiT `mwerlis gazeTis~ wina
nomerSi dabeWdil otia ioselianis leqss... mwerali sulmnaT
niko lorTqifaniZes mimarTavs _ Sens dros, albaT, raRac iyo
gasayidi, Cven ki yvelaferi gavyideT da perangi da perangis
amxanagic aRar SegvrCao!.. me ar vici, politikuri mizniT moxda
Tu ara, magram bolo or weliwadSi glexebs ukanaskneli lukmac gamoacales piridan. darbodnen soflad aqtivistebi da mijriT xocavdnen qaTmebs, Rorebsa da Zroxebs... axlac cremli
madgeba Tvalze, rom gamaxsendeba, Tu rogor kriaxebdnen tomaraSi Catenili cocxali qaTmebi da rogor yridnen saakaSvilis xelisbiWebi saerTo saflavSi ujanmrTeles Rorebs, romlebic dings maRla swevdnen samarxidan amosasvlelad. kaxelma
glexma vazis aCexva imitom daiwyo, rom am xelisuflebam mwared
moatyua... dahpirdnen _ kilogram yurZens lar-naxevrad CavibarebTo da rTveli rom daiwyo, gamoacxades _ Tu gindaT, 20
TeTrs mogaSavebT, Tu arada, kisrebi gitexiaT da zed kinCxic
migiyolebiaTo!.. Tqven naxeT, albaT, rogor dascina alal mevenaxes prezidentma _ fuli aiRo da es speqtakli gaiTamaSao!..
qveyanaSi saSineli SimSili mZvinvarebs! amas winaT erT gazeTSi
wavawydi statistikur cnobas, saidanac irkveva, rom saqarTveloSi mcxovrebTa 60 procenti sazRvargareT apirebs wasvlas, e. i. mTeli saqarTvelo qveynidan garbis!..
qarTuli erovnuli kulturis mimarT xelisuflebis
damokidebulebasac unda Sevexo!..
axlaxan saCxereSi akaki wereTlis iubileze gaxldiT da
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unda genaxaT Cemi gaoceba, roca erTma saCxerelma miTxra _ ra
xdeba, batono rezo, bolo xans prezidenti samjer iyo saCxereSi, magram akaki wereTlis saxl-muzeumisken arc gamouxedavso!.. prezidenti ar dadis TeatrSi, ar kiTxulobs gazeTebs,
zizRs amJRavnebs qarTuli mwerlobis mimarT, iqamdec ki, rom
misi gankargulebiT 475 mwerali gamoaZeves mweralTa sasaxlidan da iavarhyves 100 wlis naloliavebi mweralTa memorialuri nivTebi. karzea momdgari ilia WavWavaZis dabadebis 170 da
gardacvalebis 100 wlisTavi, magram Tu daakvirdebiT, `gamarjvebuli xalxis televizia~ ilia WavWavaZis saxels ar axsenebs,
anda ra piriT unda axsenos, rodesac xelisuflebis mier absoluturad ignorirebulia ilia marTlis `ena, mamuli, sarwmunoeba~, xolo `gamarjvebuli xalxis televizia~ gulisamrevi,
gaukuRmarTebuli seqsualuri simaxinjiT _ `jeobariT~, recxavs Cveni axalgazrdobis tvins da mTavar sadiskusio Temad is
gauxdia, Catardes Tu ara TbilisSi `geebis paradi~. yovelive
amis Semdeg SeiZleba iTqvas, rom xelisufleba zrunavs Cveni
erovnuli kulturisaTvis?
Tbilisis or centralur quCaze _ WavWavaZisa da rusTavelis prospeqtebze vimogzauroT!..
davyveT vakis sasaflaodan... marjvniv fexburTis federaciaa. Tqven kargad gaxsovT, gazuluqebulma xelisuflebam Tu
ra `demokratiuli meTodebiT~ Cawixla fexburTis federaciis
prezidentis arCevnebi. `me var da Cemi nabadis~ politika ufro
Sors ver wava... kanonierad arCeul prezidents _ nemsaZes, sulis moTqmac ar acales, ise CamoarTves savarZeli. sxva sakiTxia, nemsaZis SeSinebuli CurCuli _ Cemi nebiT gadavdeqio!.. magram xom faqtia, rogor gawires mTeli sportuli samyaros
winaSe es axalgazrda, udanaSaulo kaci. ai, ra demokratebi brZandebian vardebis iarliyiT mosulni. barem aqve vityvi, rom
aseve samarcxvino iyo badri patarkaciSvilis gaZeveba olimpiuri komitetidan. mTel komitetSi ori uSiSari pirovneba aRmoCnda _ nona gafrindaSvili da leri xabelovi! danarCenebma
pirSi wyali Caigubes da `autkivari Tavis politikas~ daadgnen.
darwmunebuli var, dro rom gava, isini badri patarkaciSvils
moubodiSeben _ ra gveqna, Zmao, muqaras ver gavuZeliT, eseni
yvelafris mkadreblebi ariano!.. gavagrZeloT WavWavaZis prospeqtze gza _ fexburTis federaciis qvemoT sportis akademia
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iyo. ra saSinelebaa, rom am saxelovan dawesebulebaze warsul
droSi mixdeba laparaki. rogor unda sZuldes qarTuli sporti or gaurkveveli erovnuli poziciis Cinovniks _ lomaiasa
da TevzaZes, rom gaauqmon didi tradiciebis mqone sportuli
akademia da gza dauxSon qarTuli sportis momavals, romelsac
awi badri patarkaciSvilis fulic veRar aaRorZinebs. mivadeqiT ilia WavWavaZis saxelobis ucxo enaTa instituts. am instituts Tavisi mSvenieri profili hqonda, magram yovlisSemZle kaxa lomaiam, romelic pasuxs araferze agebs, ucxo
enaTa instituti sekvestrSi moayola da isic gigi TevzaZes
dauqvemdebara. Tqven ver warmoidgenT, ra xdeba gigi TevzaZis
`nucas skolaSi~, romelic, faqtobrivad, sam tardiciul universitets aerTianebs. CaSlilia saswavlo procesi, studentTa
gamosvlebma lamis walekos ganaTlebis mamaTa myudro kabinetebi, xelisufleba ki jiutad ar ixevs ukan _ ase gvinda da ase
iqneba, morCa da gaTavdao!
ukve ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis saxelmwifo universitets mivuaxlovdiT!..
mogexsenebaT, WavWavaZis pirvel nomerSi saqarTvelos upirvelesi universiteti iyo!.. diax, iyo, radganac dRes is aRar
arsebobs!..
40 weli vkiTxulobdi universitetSi leqciebs. aqedan 30
weli kaTedris gamge gaxldiT. var 250 samecniero naSromis,
67 wignisa da 5 saxelmZRvanelos avtori. saqarTvelos yvela
umaRles saswavlebelSi vinc ki Tanamedrove literaturas
kiTxulobs, yvela Cemi yofili aspiranti an xeldasxmulia.
2005 wels, rodesac lomaiam universitetidan gandevna saakaSvilis mier daniSnuli `urCi reqtori~ _ rusudan lorTqifaniZe, erTpirovnulad, erTbaSad gagvaTavisufles universitetis yvela TanamSromeli, gaauqmes aspirantura da gaauqmes
yvela samecniero-pedagogiuri ujredi. universitetis didi
sabWos wevrebma protesti gamovTqviT am uzneobis winaaRmdeg
da CavatareT sauniversiteto referendumi, faqtobrivad, gauqmebuli universitetis aRsadgenad. referendumis moTxovnebs
xeli moawera universitetis TiTqmis yvela profesorma da docentma, ori profesoris _ elguja xinTibiZis da rismag gordezianis garda.
Cvens protests, mogexsenebaT, xelisuflebam universite-
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tis darbeviT upasuxa. amaod hgonia kaxa lomaias, rom saqarTvelo daiviwyebs mis mier universitetSi xuTasi policielis
Semoyvanas... universiteti, faqtobrivad, okupirebulia... didi
sabWos wevrebi klubSi SevikribeT da saocari ambavi moxda _
kaxa lomaias eyo utifroba, policielebisTvis davaleba mieca
_ dauketeT klubis kari garedan da ar gamouSvaTo!.. xom xedavT, ukve Casarecxad vyavdiT ganwiruli `vardebis xelisuflebas~. mere is iyo, rom gamocxadda konkursi vakantur TanamdebobaTa dasakaveblad. konkursSi me da araerTma profesorma
monawileoba imisTvis miviReT, rom mere kaxa lomaias CvenTvis
ar daebralebina _ Tqven TviTon waxvediT universitetidano!..
unda genaxaT Cemi molodinis asruleba, roca gairkva, rom
sruli profesorobisTvis `qulebi ar meyo~... konkursis Sedegebis gamocxadebidan erTi kviris Tavze erT-erT sagazeTo interviuSi gia xubuam ganacxada _ miSvelaZis mimarT dasanani
Secdoma mogvivida, axla damatebiT konkurss gamovacxadebT da
yvelaferi gamoswordebao!.. gamocxadda damatebiTi konkursi...
or kviraSi ganaTlebis ministris moadgilem _ bela wifuriam
mixmo da Tavis kabinetSi sityvasityviT miTxra, _ batono rezo,
ar gewyinoT, Tqveni opoziciuri ganwyobis gamo kaxa lomaia
Tqvenze piradad aris gabrazebuli da gTxovT, sworad gamigoT,
iqneb gaitanoT konkursidan Tqveni sabuTebi, raTa xelSekruleba gagiformoT da ase iTanamSromloT universitetTano!.. bela wifuria Cemi yofili aspirantia (akakis `gamzrdeli~
gaixsene, mkiTxvelo _ r. miSvelaZe). mis Txovna-winadadebaze
gamecina da mivuge _ bela, universiteti kaxa lomaias kerZo
duqani xom ar aris, me SemiZlia, Cemi mecnieruli da pedagogiuri damsaxurebiT nebismier Cems konkurents winaswar mivce
200 qula, iqneb vimarjveb konkursSi, miT umetes, rom xubuam
interviuSi xazgasmiT mTxova konkursSi monawileoba-meTqi! _
ar vici, batono rezo, Cemi valia, gagafrTxiloTo! _ mipasuxa
belam. es iseTi toniT iyo naTqvami, aSkara gaxda, rom belac
pawawina marioneti iyo veSap kaxa lomaias winaSe. meore dResve
avdeqi da universitetis sakonkurso komisias gancxadeba warvudgine, romlis Tanaxmadac vwyvetdi konkursSi monawileobas
da vTanxmdebodi xelSekrulebiT SemoTavazebul winadadebaze.
Turme, kacTmoZule lomaiam Tavisi moadgile _ bela wifuriac moatyua... gavida noemberi, dekemberi... xubuas mimarTes
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mrCevelTa sabWos wevrebma gancxadebiT, rom reqtors dauyovnebliv gaeformebina CemTvis xelSekruleba. xubuas sxva gza
aRar darCa da 2007 wlis Tebervlis bolos damido xelSekruleba. aviRe mxolod martis xelfasi... aprilis dasawyisSi
xubuam mixmo da araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar getyodiT amas, rom ar
menaxa am axalgazrda kacis gafiTrebuli saxe, _ batono rezo,
Tqven yvelafers mixvdebiT, bavSvobidan Tqvens novelebze vizrdebodi, Tqveni saxelmZRvaneloebic wakiTxuli maqvs da isic
vici, rom erTaderTi Svili SeswireT qveyanas, magram imedia,
sworad gamigebT da mixvdebiT, rom es Cemi surviliT ar momxdara... mets verafers getyviT da xelSekruleba unda gagiuqmoTo!.. me Semecoda xubua, igi Sinaganad inteligenti kacia...
ra eqna... gansja advilia... Tu xelSekrulebas ar gamiuqmebda,
xubuas im saaTSive gaaTavisuflebda lomaia... _ kargi Cemo giameTqi! _ vuTxari da wamovedi. amJamad Tanamedrove qarTuli
literaturis kaTedra, romelic me avaRorZine da suli Cavudgi, aRar arsebobs. gauqmebulia galaktion tabiZis kabineti.
Cemi kaTedris 27 wevridan kaxa lomaiam universitetSi mxolod
ori datova. rac Seexeba Cems datvirTvas, myavs TerTmeti doqtoranti, xuTi maZiebeli da eqvsi aspiranti. amave dros vxelmZRvanelob or magistrants da amas vakeTeb ukve ori welia
yovelgvari anazRaurebis gareSe. kviraSi orjer modian Cemi
aspirantebi CemTan konsultaciis misaRebad da xom ver vetyvi
maT _ Cemi mSobliuri universiteti kaxa lomaias veragobiT
da gia xubuas gaubedaobiT Cems kuTvnil saaTebs ar minazRaurebs-meTqi? sentimentaluri saubari ar miyvars, magram mapatiebs Cveni mkiTxveli erT lirikul gadaxvevas: rodesac universitetidan gaZevebuli, Cemi wignebiT xelSi kibeze Cavdiodi,
erTaderTi Cemi aspirantebidan, vis Tvalzec cremli SevniSne,
kaxa loria iyo.
vici, qarTveli eri ar apatiebs naZirala lomaias Tbilisis universitetis daqcevas. me da Cemi kolega profesorebi
erTimeoris miyolebiT insult-infarqtis msxverplni vxdebiT,
xolo Tu im dRes moveswari, rom Cem mier daarsebul kaTedraze
Tundac konsultantad davbrundi, zogierT `Ze SecTomils~
Sevaxseneb, rom dadgeba is dro, roca maT winaSec aRimarTeba
axali drois fuRu _ axali lomaia, romelic karisken ubodiSod miuTiTebs maT!..
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sxva memorialur Senobebze mokled mogaxsenebT. prezidentma ramdenjer cinikurad ganacxada _ presas ar vkiTxulobo. me mjera misi. prezidents ara aqvs imdeni sidinje, rom
erTi saaTiT mainc Caujdes Cvens opoziciur gazeTebs; mxolod
sagazeTo saTaurebs Tu Cakravs Tvals da aTasSi erTxel misi
presTanaSemweebi Tu CasZaxeben saakaSvils _ ama da am gaTaxsirebulma gazeTma Tqvenze esa da es dawerao! magram Tavisi prezidentobis adreul asakSi mouswria saakaSvils mTeli beWdviTi
mediis SeZuleba. nuTu, istoria apatiebs mas, rom gamomcemloba `samSoblodan~ gamodevna simarTlis mTqmeli gazeTebi. vin
icis, ra mSvidad eZina im Rames _ `asaval-dasavali~ davarbie,
telearxi `kavkasia~ davarbie `saqarTvelos respublika~ davarbie da quCaSi gamoyrilebi awi welSi veRar gaimarTebiano!..
magram hoi, sakvirvelebav, saakaSvils mesame dResve moaxsenes
_ `kavkasia~ isev gavida eTerSi, xolo `asaval-dasavali~ axali
energiiT gacocxlda da tiraJic kidev ufro moematao!.. sasowarkveTilma saakaSvilma `urcxvi~ masmediis dasaTrgunavad
axal xerxs mimarTa, _ WavWavaZisa da rusTavelis prospeqtebze
sagazeTo jixurebi gaauqma, anu faqtobrivad, gazeTebis gayidva akrZala! elementaruli despoturi Teoriaa _ `ar aris
gazeTi, ar aris problema!~
movediT rusTavelis prospeqtamde!..
marcxniv pantomimis Teatria... es gaxlavT gansacvifreblad
cocxali da uaRresad warmatebuli Teatri, romelsac amiran
SalikaSvili xelmZRvanelobs. Cems gasamtyuneblad SeixedeT am
TeatrSi da naxavT savalalo suraTs _ naxevrad dangreul kedlebSi, mtverSi muSaoben msaxiobebi da amiran SalikaSvilma mis
saocar, msoflioSi cnobil TeatrSi kulturis saministros
verc erTi TanamSromeli dRemde ver Seityua. marjvniv mecnierebaTa akademiaa... lomaia umowyalod gausworda mecnierebaTa akademias... sad iswavla man aseTi zizRi mamistola adamianebis mimarT... gauqmda samecniero-kvleviTi institutebi,
gauqmda samecniero mivlinebaTa da saeqsperimento xarjebi, akademiisgan mxolod prezidentisa da vice-prezidentebis kabinetebiRa darCa. ra qnas msoflio saxelis mecnierma _ Tamaz
gamyreliZem? `Tqven ilia WavWavaZes xelmeored moklavdiTo!~
_ dauwera man `reformistebis saqarTvelos~, magram rom veras
gaxda, gaCumda, gaCumda ukeTesi drois molodinSi!.. gaiyida
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qarTuli gamomcemlobebisa da Jurnal-gazeTebis kidev erTi
fuZe. yofili `zaria vostokas~ Senoba... e. w. `saTavadaznauro bankidan~, SemdgomSi iunkerTa korpusidan, gamoaZeves
`rusTavelis sazogadoeba~, xolo operis win 125 wlis wignis
maRazia `saunje~ usircxvilod gayides da Cven, mwerlebsa
da mecnierebs Cveni wignebi versad gagviyidia, Tumca, Rrmad
uwignuri kaxa lomaia xom moZRvravs axalgazrdebs _ wignis
dro wavidao! ar wasula wignis dro da amaSi TviT lomaia male
darwmundeba, roca qarTuli mecnierebisa da ganaTlebis dangrevaSi misi wvlilis Seswavla-gaanalizebiT marTlmsajuleba
dainteresdeba...
parlamentis codvian Senobasac mivadeqiT!..
samarcxvinoa parlamentis bolo wlebis saqmianoba. parlamenti arafers wyvets, parlamentSi opoziciis mxolod ramdenime wevria e. w. cnobadi da naTeli saxe, danarCenebi mxolod skamebs aTboben da ministrTa kabinetis tanze morgebul
kanonebs erTxmad amtkiceben. erT faqts mogaxsenebT: mTel
dedamiwaze marto saqarTveloa, sadac pirovnebis damadasturebel arc erT sabuTSi moqalaqes erovneba ar uweria. parlamentSi erovnebaTa saqmeTa komitetis Tavmjdomaris moadgile gaxldiT da gaxsovT, albaT, rogor vibrZodiT cxonebuli
guram SaraZe da me, raTa romelime sabuTSi mainc aRgvedgina
erovneba. sami pirovneba iyo Tavgadakluli mowinaaRmdege
imisa, rom saqarTveloSi qarTvels qarTveli rqmeoda. eseni
iyvnen: zurab Jvania, nino burjanaZe da mixeil saakaSvili,
Tanac samiveni SevardnaZes sdebdnen amaSi brals da Zalian rom
avyvirdebodi, meubnebodnen _ Cven ra SuaSi varT, am kanonproeqts SevardnaZe blokavso!.. 2001 wlis seqtembers zurab Jvania,
nino burjanaZe, mixeil saakaSvili da me eduard SevardnaZesTan
mivediT. giTxraT simarTle, mindoda davrwmunebuliyavi, marTla SevardnaZe iyo Tu ara erovneba `qarTvelis mteri~. Jvaniam
daiwyo: meo, evropuli modelis momxre varo, oRond frangul
pasportSi erovneba `franguli~ weria da iqneb Cvenc erovneba
_ `qarTuli~ Cagvewerao!.. _ Tqven ra azris xarTo? _ ninos da
miSas hkiTxa SevardnaZem. _ orive modeli (tradiciulic da evropulic) saqarTvelosTvis naadrevia da jer-jerobiT saWiro
ar ariso! _ xazgasmiT aRniSna orivem. _ ras hqvia naadreviao!
_ gabrazda SevardnaZe, _ sanam unda mlanZRos saqarTvelom
Tqven gamo, Tqven gadamkideT rezo miSvelaZe da guram SaraZe...
SevCerdeT an erT modelze da an meoreze, bolos da bolos!..
SevardnaZe mere me momibrunda _ erTi, Tu kaci xar, dawvrilebiT gamagebine, rogor aris es saqme sxva qveynebSi da ra variantebi arsebobso!.. _ ori elementaruli gadawyveta arsebobs
am sakiTxis, sul ori modelia, erTi `tradiciuli~, roca moqalaqes sabuTebSi konkretulad Tavisi erovneba uweria da
meore _ `evropuli~, roca saxelmwifoSi yvela moqalaqes avtoqtonuri eris moqalaqeoba uweria-meTqi! _ axla Cemi saboloo sityva moismineTo _ SevardnaZem brZana _ aRar gadadoT
es sakiTxi, xvalve kenWi uyareT orive proeqts da romelic
gava, is miviRoTo!.. ise ar getkinaT araferi, Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo, rogorc revoluciurma sameulma sabuTebSi erovnebis
Setana daakanona. amis Semdeg wlebi gavida... Tu SevardnaZe iyo
erovnebis mteri, ratom dRevandelma xelisuflebam ar gaitana
es proeqti parlamentis sxdomaze? xom xedavT, jer kidev 2001
wels aRar ujerebda mowafeebis mamaci razmi eduard SevardnaZes. parlamentis umravlesobaSi dRes wera-kiTxvis mcodne
mxolod grigalaSvilia, nodars ki, albaT dro ara aqvs, yvela
kanonproeqti waikiTxos. gagecinebaT, imdeni orTografiuli,
punqtuaciuri da azrobrivi Secdomaa yovel kanonSi.
parlamentis gverdiT mefisnacvlis, anu dRevandeli moswavleTa sasaxlea! Wirs wauRia yvela mefisnacvali!.. es istoriuli, erovnuli Senoba gaxlavT, sadac 1918 wlis 26 maiss saqarTvelos damoukideblobis qartias moewera xeli. Tu gaxsovT,
ramdenjer miitanes moswavleTa sasaxleze ieriSi am bolo
oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi. axla miTxres _ biujeti gagvinaxevres, raTa Cveni nebiT SevamciroT wreebi da TanamSromlebis
ori mesamedi daviTxovoTo!.. mivadeqiT 130 wlis istoriul afTiaqs... es, diaxac, afTiaq-muzeumi gaxldaT da ase uwodebs mas
misi yofili direqtori, gamoCenili wamalTmcodne _ sokrat
saluqvaZe. daxeT, xelisuflebis cinizms, afTiaqi, romelSic
akaki wereTeli yidulobda wamlebs, gaauqmes, _konkurencias
ver uZlebso!.. ra konkurencias unda gauZlos am mglur, bazrul epoqaSi istoriulma muzeum-afTiaqma?
saSinao politikaSi rac gvWirs gasagebia, magram iqneb
sagareo politika aqvs saakaSvils saaTiviT awyobili?
ar daijeroT! daakvirdiT, Tundac erTi nabijiT waviwieT
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22. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
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saqarTvelos nomer pirveli problemis gadawyvetaSi, _ warTmeuli teritoriebis dabrunebaSi? nuTu Cveni sagareo politikis kraxi ar aris is ambavi, rom ruseTi afxazur Rvinos
yidulobs da qarTul Rvinos, xils, Cais embargos uwesebs?
davkargeT uzarmazari rusuli bazari, mixeili ki Sevardeba
sakoncerto, saxeldaxelo scenaze da koncertze mityuebul
students Sublze TmaCamoSlili egzaltiurad ucxadebs _ ruseTma embargo dagviwesa, magram xom ver gagvtexao? ras hqvia
`ver gamtexa~, mixeil? Sen rom ar gSia, es imas niSnavs, rom erT
milion im moqalaqesac ar Sia, visac 48 lari aqvs pensia? Cvens
prezidents, rogorc vatyob, msoflio politika seriozulad
ukve aRar aRiqvams, mas aRarc Tavisi ministrebis saqmianoba ainteresebs, TamaSobs prezidentobanas da bolomde unda datkbes
Tavisi prezidentobiT. miSa, odnav SeniSvnasac ver itans da saxe
moemgeleba xolme, roca gabeduli Jurnalistebi SeniSvnas Sehkadreben!.. roca lototronis samarcxvino kampaniam saSineli
kraxi ganicada da skolebSi warmoudgeneli qaosia, prezidents
yuri ar unda aexia santeqnikos lomaiasTvis? ician ra, Cvenma
mezoblebma, rom saqarTvelos avtoritetiani qomagebi da patroni ar hyavs, xom xedavT, rogor gamoiRes xeli. xom naxeT,
Tvalebi rom daTxareTs daviT-garejis freskebs, xom naxeT,
saingiloSi, ZirZvel saqarTveloSi, rogor akrZales qristianuli wirva-locva qurmuxis monasterSi. _ TbilisSi rac eklesiebia, naxevari somxuriao! _ utifrad acxadeben Cveni somexi
Zmebi, Cveni prezidenti ki uazrod iRimeba da TiTqos araferi
momxdariyos, qveynis didi WirisufaliviT udgas gverdiT uwmindessa da unetaress _ ilia meores aRsaydrebis ocdameaTe
wlisTavze. ar mogeCvenoT did gabedulebad Cemi es aRsareba
da Cveni dialogi, me axali TiTqmis araferi miTqvams, rac mTeli qveynisTvis cnobili ar aris da isev Cvens pirvel kiTxvas
mivubrundebi... iTmina, iTmina, Zalmomreoba, tyuilebi, abuCad
agdeba saqarTvelom da mets aRar moiTmens. sxvaTa Soris, ar
momwons lozungi _ `ar meSinia~! rogor SeiZleba, giorgi saakaZis qveyanaSi, ocdameerTe saukunis moqalaqes xelSi eWiros
transfaranti warweriT _ `ar meSinia~? ase rogor unda daaSino Seni amomrCeveli, sakuTari xalxi, rom `ar meSinia~! Segkadros? rogor SeiZleba, prezidenti mTxovnelebs ar iRebdes?
SemoqmedebiTi kavSirebis xelmZRvanelebma SarSan samjer ga-
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vugzavneT depeSa mixeil saakaSvils da miReba vTxoveT, magram
prezidentma pasuxis Rirsic ar gagvxada, samagierod, miSa SemTxvevas ar uSvebs, rom Rvawlmosili adamianebi ar daamciros!..
man orad gaxliCa qarTveli eri _ uasakoebad da asakovnebad,
anu Casarecxebad. amas winaT giga lorTqifaniZis iubileze 80
wlis giga lorTqifaniZes jansuR Carkvianma uTxra _ magrad
iyavi, giga, nu geSinia, Cven ver Cagvrecxaveno!.. taSiT daingra
darbazi... vnaxoT, vin vis Carecxavs!.. istoria sastikia, mixeil,
masze Zaldataneba ar SeiZleba! qarTvel erTan boroti da ukuRmarTi TamaSi ar gamova!.. bolo oci wlis ganmavlobaSi me jer
arc erT qarTul ojaxSi ar Sevsulvar, rom iq buxris Tavze an
Taroze Cemi wigni ar menaxos, me da Sens saeWvo erovnebis amalas kargi dRe ar gadgaT da amaSi damnaSave Tqven xarT. 28 seqtemberma daamtkica Tqveni uazro da erisaTvis saziano fafxurisadmi xalxis damokidebuleba da ufro mware gakveTils
uaxloesi dReebi mogcemT.
me 2 noembris mitingze mivdivar, rogorc Seuracxyofili
mwerali, mweralTa sasaxlis umowyalod darbevis gamo da 2
noembris mitingze me mivdivar, rogorc Seuracxyofili profesori Cemi saTayvanebeli universitetis damxobis gamo, romelic saakaSvilisa da lomaias tlanqma xelebma moineles! me
axlac yurSi Camesmis 2 noembris mitingis guguni...
29 oqtomberi, 2007 w.
isev davmarcxdiT!
`Tavisufal~, `demokratiul~ saqarTveloSi gayalbebuli
arCevnebis SemaZrwunebeli farsi kvlav gaTamaSda.
kvlav gaimarjva borotebam, Zalmomreobam, eris interesebis fexqveS gaTelvam, gonebrivma sibecem...
sxvadasxva qveynebs, sxvadasxva dros, sxvadasxva gonebrivi
horizontis pirovnebebi ganagebdnen, magram raRa Cven unda
Segvxvedroda XXI saukunis pirvel aTwleulSi, swored maSin,
roca qveyana fexze dgeboda da Wkuadinji Tavkaci gvWirdeboda, gauwonasworebeli winamZRoli?
opoziciur televizias vTxovT erTxel kidev ukomen-
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tarod uCvenos, rogor Carbis kibeze Tavis erTgul umravlesobasTan Sesaxvedrad saakaSvili, da Tu im suraTis naxvis
Semdeg, mis sibrZne-sidinjeSi eWvi mainc ar SegeparebaT, Cven,
qarTvel mwerlebs _ adamianis sulieri wonasworobis gamocnobaze pretenziis mqoneT, marTlac rom araferi gvcodnia.
saakaSvils rac sWirs, dabadebidan dayolili, misi piradi
problemaa, magram qarTvelma erma ra daaSava? ratom gagvwira
amerikam kidev xuTwliani tanjvisTvis?
iqneb saqarTvelo Secda? ara da ara, brZeni qarTveli
xalxi arasdros cdeba. oficialur monacemebs Tu daveyrdnobiT, saakaSvilma TbilisSi arCevnebi pirwmindad waago.
ara da, swored Tbilisia saqarTvelos inteleqtualuri
centri. swored Tbilisi gamoxatavs, ZiriTadad, saqarTvelos
wonasworobas da sulier ganwyobilebas.
es imas niSnavs, rom saakaSvili qarTvel xalxs ar aurCevia.
misi prezidentoba (isev oficialuri monacemebiT) nacionalur umciresobaTa raionebSi aRebul xmaTa 90-ma procentma
gadawyvita.
gaixseneT, rogor ixveweboda amirCieTo, rogor daxtunaobda iaffasian momRerlebTan erTad scenaze, rogor iyo gadayviTlebuli mTeli saqarTvelo saakaSvilis avtobusebiT. ra
dReSi hyavda prezidentobis sxva kandidatebi. bolo ar uCanda
maTs abuCad agdebas, ciliswamebas, Seviwrovebas... SeSinebuli
kandidatebi aqeT-iqiT acecebdnen Tvalebs, rom nacionalisti
xulignebi ar mihparvodnen da zurgSi qva ar edruzaT.
vin dgas dRes TviTmarqvia prezidentis gverdiT, Canda
20 ianvars parlamentis moedanze Tundac erTi saxelovani,
erovnuli kaci? zumbas, leqssenis, zvios megobaro `prezidento~, nuTu ggonia, rom saqarTvelom daijera e. w. inauguraciaze warmoTqmuli Seni yalbi, pionerul-komkavSiruli sityva?
xelisuflebam xalxs xmebi mohpara da arCevanis ufleba
waarTva.
Seuracxyofilia axla mTeli gonieri saqarTvelo.
qarTuli mwerloba imTaviTve uorWofod ganumartavda
ers, rom xelisufleba, romelmac erovneba `qarTveli~ da mamis saxeli gaauqma, erovnuli wisqvilebi daamxo, eklesiebi
daangria da jvrebi daamxo, qveyanas ganaTleba mouSala da
yovelgvari erovnuli simdidre gauyida, 7 noembers sakuTar
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xalxs cecxliTa da maxviliT gaumaspinZlda, Tavisufal, obieqtur arCevnebs ar Caatarebda.
samwuxarod, opoziciis oportunistma liderebma, rakiRa
saakaSvilma maT saprezidento satyuara gadaugdo, imwamsve apaties saakaSvils 7 noembris danaSauli da erovnuli daumorCileblobis gamocxadebis nacvlad, saprezidento maraTonSi
Caebnen.
roca sakuTari xalxisadmi xelisuflebis zizRma kulminacias miaRwia da doylapia liderebi saakaSvilma erTxel kidev
gaacura, 13 ianvars lamis mTeli saqarTvelo Segrovda respublikis moedanze.
`liderebma~ mravalsaaTiani `cecxlovani~ gamosvlebiT `dapurebuli~ 200 000-iani laSqari mSvidad Caaseirnes
rusTavelze da pirSi Calagamovlebulebi Sin gauSves.
TiTqmis ase moxda 20 ianvars.
saWiro ki iyo, `beladebs~ es laSqari parlamentis win SeeCerebinaT, gamoeyoT 9-kaciani delegacia da prezidentisagan
dauyovnebliv moeTxovaT arCevnebis meore turis daniSvna, an
xmebis xelaxla gadaTvla, iqve, adgilidan dauZvrelad, xelisuflebis pasuxs unda dalodebodnen.
magram es ar Sedioda opoziciisa da poziciis faruli molaparakebis scenarSi.
saqarTveloSi drois gasatareblad, saqeifod da saaSikod
Camosuli ucxoeli damkvirveblebi, romelTa umetesoba gagania arCevnebis dros nacionalistTa mier gaSlil sufras ar
moSorebia, jer xmebis daTvla ar dawyeubliyo da msoflios
gasagonad acxadebdnen: rom ar velodiT, ise demokratiulad
da obieqturad, eqscesebis gareSe Catarda saqarTveloSi
arCevnebio.
`eqscesebs~, albaT imas eZaxian, xmis micemis dros yels Tu
gamosWrian vinmes, an yurs Tu moaWamen.
dasavleTi xom karga xania masxarad gvigdebs, magram arc
Cveni damkvirveblebi gamoirCeodnen didi gulmodginebiT.
damarcxebis mizezebi Cvens TavSic unda veZeboT.
simwriT gacocxlebulma `imedma~ swored maSin, roca
xalxs saarCevnod haeriviT sWirdeboda marTali sityva, sruliad moulodnelad, mauwyebloba Sewyvita da amiT, nebiT Tu
uneblieT, erovnul moZraobas uRalata.
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`gaerTianebuli opoziciis~ liderebs Ralats ver davwamebT, magram gadamwyvet momentebSi isini uniaToni aRmoCndnen da `me xom araferi mamivas~ gulamrev politikas daadgnen.
maTi sasacilo `jentlmenoba~, samwuxarod, kraxiT damTavrda.
saarCevno-saprezidento doRSi TavianTi mravalsaaTiani
`brZnuli~ gamosvlebis dros prezidentobis arc erT kandidats xelisuflebis mier Cadenil danaSaulTa CamoTvlisas ar
gaxsenebia tribunawarTmeuli, darbeuli qarTuli mwerloba,
`samSoblodan~ gamoZevebuli Tavisufali masmedia, dRisiTmzisiT Sua qalaqSi umowyalod daxvretili erovnuli gmiri
_ guram SaraZe.
...da rac mTavaria. arc is gaxsenebiaT, rogor Caigdo Zalaufleba xelSi 2003 wlis 23 noembers mixeil saakaSvilma.
axla Cveni `Seupovari sardlebi~ erTmaneTs aswreben xelisuflebasTan `farul molaparakebaze~ da mSobel xalxs
axal alikaps sTavazoben; sagazafxulo saparlamento arCevnebisTvis movemzadoT, rac iyo, iyo, pirobas gaZlevT, xelisufleba saparlamento arCevnebs veRar gaayalbebso.
Cven ki, qarTveli mwerlebi vacxadebT gaayalbebs da mere
rogor!
an ra SeRavaTi iqneba Cveni Seuracxyofili, umuSevrobiT datanjuli, motyuebuli qarTveli erisTvis saakaSvili
aTiode `belads~ rom Tavze xels gadausvams da parlamentSi
daisvams, aqaoda, SemomxedeT, ra demokrati varo.
Cven, ilia WavWavaZis anderZis mimdevari qarTveli mwerlebi, skamisken mzeragaqceul politikosTa binZur TamaSebSi
ver CavebmebiT da Cvenken eris mopyrobil imedian mzeras ver
aviridebT, amitomac sajarod vacxadebT:
saakaSvili Cveni prezidenti ar aris da verc verasdros
iqneba, rakiRa igi qarTvel ers ar aurCevia.
Cven kvlavac Tanmimdevrulad vamxelT am xelisuflebis
mier Cadenil yvela danaSauls.
Cveni yuradRebisa da zrunvis sagani Zveleburad eris WeSmariti gulisTqma iqneba da, rogorc mgosanma brZana: `vinc ar
aris kaxaberi, mas ver vityviT, kaxaberad~.
2008 w.
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20 rCeva prezidents
girCev prezidento!
Sen axalgazrda kaci xar.
es-esaa prezidentobis pirveli klasidan meoreSi gadaxvedi.
saqarTvelos mteri unda viyo, rom kriWaSi Cagidge.
jer erTi, CemTan SedarebiT bavSvi xar da Seni Cakirkiteba
ar mekadreba. meorec, Seni TavismoWra da damarcxeba saqarTvelos damarcxebas niSnavs, rakiRa droebiT winamZRolad dagigula Cemma samSoblom.
amitomac Cemi movaleobaa kargze kargi vTqva, naklze
migiTiTo, girCio, swor gzaze dagayeno.
ara xar Sen im donis kaci, rCeva da Wkuis darigeba rom ar
gWirdebodes.
rogor dagikargav: kargia, rom qveyanaSi korufcia odnav
Semcirda, rom policiis patruli gaCnda, rom manqanis teqdaTvaliereba gauqmda, rom ToTxmetlariani pensiebi gaormagda,
rom gadaudebeli saswrafo daxmareba da mSobiaroba ufasoa,
rom saqarTvelodan ruseTis samxedro bazebis gatanas kargi
piri uCans, magram Tu dameTanxmebi, es jer mxolod zRvaSi wveTia da Secdomebi bevrad sWarbobs miRweuls.
Tu yuradRebiT moekidebi Cems keTil rCevebs, xom kargi; Tu
xels aiqnev (revaz miSvelaZem ra unda maswavloso), prezidentobis mexuTe klasamde misvla gagiWirdeba.
maS ase, prezidento, girCev erTi qarTveli mwerali:
rCeva pirveli
ar gewyinos, Tu pirdapir getyvi, prezidento, rom saqarTvelos SensaviT cudadmetyveli saxelmwifo meTauri, albaT
arc erT saukuneSi ar hyolia.
daiwyeb Tu ara gamosvlas, maSinve nerviuloba gipyrobs, saxeze gamometyveleba gecvleba, gabrazebulis ieriT
laparakob, kacs egoneba, Cans, TviTonac ar sjera, rasac ambobso.
Sen xom fidel kastro ara xar, uwarsulo kunZulis pirveli piri, Sen rusTavelis da daviT aRmaSeneblis qveynis prezidenti xar da meti sidinje, TavdaWeriloba gmarTebs.
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ras hgavda Seni gamosvlebi nacionalisturi partiis yrilobaze an amas winaT parlamentSi.
uniWo kaci ara xar da, Tu Tavs moTokav, sajaro metyvelebis
es nakli SegiZlia gamoasworo.
moatanine Sens TanaSemweebs Seni gamosvlebis videoCanaweri
da yuradRebiT mousmine.
azrovneba uswrebs Sens metyvelebas. Zalian endobi Sens mexsierebas da Cans, gamosvlisTvis guldagul ar emzadebi.
winadadeba damTavrebuli ara gaqvs, am dros axali azri giCndeba TavSi, dawyebul winadadebas Suaze wyvet da axals iwyeb.
amiT Senc iRlebi da msmenelsac tanjav.
aRarafers vambob imaze, rom sityvebis maragi Zalian mwiri
gaqvs da saprezidento leqsikaSi zogjer quCuri sityvebic
Semogaqvs.
ecade, siarulis manerac ufro daxvewo.
nu Cqarob da xelebs uazrod nu miiqnev.
Rimilsac meti fasi dasde xolme.
nurc ipirquSeb da waramara uazrod nu iRimebi.
roca saWiroa, gaiRime da ise gaiRime, rom prezidentis Rimili cis gaxsnas hgavdes.
erTi sikvdili gavaTave, axlaxan italiaSi Seneburad, jiqur
rom miiWeri mikrofonTan da RrmadqarTulaqcentiani oriode
inglisuri fraza styorcne darbazs.
maspinZelma Tavazianad Segawyvetina, Tu SeiZleba, mSobliur enaze ilaparakeo.
miwa rom gamskdomoda, merCia amis Semyures.
jer erTi, rogorc specialistebi amboben, ar ici, miSa, Sen
im doneze inglisuri, rom saxelmwifos winamZRolis rangSi
politikuri gamosvla SeZlo.
iq enis umniSvnelo niuansic gasaTvaliswinebelia.
SeiZleba erTma Sorisdebulma gamosvlis mTeli Sinaarsi
Secvalos.
ra igrZnoboda, ici, italiis prezidentis SeniSvnis qveteqstSi? _ Zvirfaso stumaro, Tu papuasi ara xar da mSobliuri ena gagaCnia, Sens ers Seuracxyofas nu ayeneb da mSobliur
enaze ilaparakeo.
meorec, saerTaSoriso diplomatiis yvela saxelmZRvanelo
imiT iwyeba, rom prezidentma oficialur gamosvlebSi Tavis
mSobliur enaze unda ilaparakos.
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vTqvaT, Sen nerviulobaSi mxedvelobidan gamogrCa es wesi,
oqmis (`protokolis~) ufrosma mainc ar unda Segaxsenos?
italia xom axalqalaqi ar aris, moxuc somex qalbatons mis
mSobliur enaze rom miualerso: `babojan, vonces cavatanem?!~
rCeva meore
uaRresad gadatvirTuli dRis reJimi aqvso, gamTeniis oTx
saaTamde zis kabinetSi da muSaobso, amovikiTxe amas winaT Seni
momxre gazeTis erT-erT gverdze.
RmerTma gaZleba mogces, magram ra etyoba am qveyanas, misi
prezidenti rom Rameebs aTenebs `mSromel masebze~ fiqrSi?
axlac Tvalwin midgas `revoluciuri qronikis kadrebi~:
xalxi `miSa! miSas~ ZaxiliT futkrebiviT gexveoda.
bednierad grZnobda Tavs, vinc mogwvdeboda da xels CamogarTmevda.
sad wavida, sad Caikarga, miSa is siyvaruli?
megona, bolomde sazogado prezidentad, gulRia, mosiyvarule miSad darCebodi.
Sevcdi, rogorc Cans.
axla rom quCaSi TxebiviT gamorekil, SimSilisagan gawamebul moqalaqeebSi gaerio, SeiZleba bakenbardebi dagaglijon.
weliwadze metia prezidenti xar da rogorc miTxres, erTi
ubralo moqalaqec ar migiRia, raTa misi satkivari mogesmina
da salbuni dagedo.
Turme miRebis saaTebic ar gaqvs.
arada yvelas Senken aqvs imedis mzera mipyrobili, yvela Sen
gwers, yvela Sengan elis samarTals.
ar SeiZleba, SeuRweveli gaxdes prezidenti.
rad unda, Se kai kaco, ministrebis savarZelTa cvlas dilis
4 saaTamde kabinetSi jdoma?
ministrTa kabinetis mrgval magidasTan msxdomTa Tanmimdevrobas nomeri Seucvale. eg aris da eg.
ubralo moqalaqis (xazs vusvam) Txovna Seni kabinetidan
Senive rezoluciiT TiTqmis ar gamodis.
me nu SemomitanTo, gafrTxilebuli gyavs TanaSemweebi,
pirdapir gadaagzavneT, sadac jer arso.
`sad jer ars~, prezidento, amas xom komunistebi akeTebdnen.
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cekas meTodebs ar unda gaSordes Seni kancelaria?
daavale, `visac jer ars~, or kviraSi mainc gamogiZebnos
dro, Tundac sami saaTi, im adamianebis misaRebad, visac ar akmayofilebs kancelariis nomeri da survili aqvs uSualod Tavis prezidents uTxras Tavisi saTqmeli.
ar gayoyoCde, ar gaampartavande, Tavmdabloba amSvenebs
yvelas da, miT umetes, maRla mdgoms.
dagaviwyda winasaarCevno dapirebani da inauguraciis dros
warmoTqmuli sityva: vficav, Tqvens uflebebs davicav da Tqveni prezidenti viqnebio?
xalxs nu mowydebi, miSiko, xalxis Tanadgoma Sen mxolod
arCevnebis dros ki ara, yoveldRe, yovel nabijze gWirdeba.
msoflioSi arc erTi prezidenti ar zis Ramis oTx saaTamde
kabinetSi da, albaT dameTanxmebi, arcTu Senze naklebad aqvT
saqme awyobili.
girCev, didi-didi, dilis oTxis-naxevramde moilio saxelmwifo saqmeebi, mere Sin wabrZande da daisveno.
rCeva mesame
didze didi ubedureba, rac Seni mmarTvelobis epoqaSi saqarTvelos Tavs daatyda, yvelafris gayidva-gasxvisebis niaRvaria.
saqarTveloSi gaiyida miwa, gaiyida wiaRiseuli, gaiyida
sanaosno. strategiuli obieqtebi...
ra dagiSava aseTi Senma qveyanam, mixeil, rom xvalindeli
dRis perspeqtivas umowyalod uspob?
ratom ganumtkiceb xalxs yoveldRe eWvs imis Sesaxeb, rom
saqarTveloSi araerovnuli xelisufleba movida?
ar SeiZleba ar icode, rom roca rkinigzas da navsadgurs
ucxoelze gayidi, yovelgvar eqsport-importiT im ucxoelze
damokidebuli rCebi da niadag unda eRritino, Seni Wirime, es
tvirTi iqamde mimatanineo.
axali patroni ki ise wagiWers yelSi, rom perangs gagayidvinebs.
cotaa amis magaliTi?
am gziT ar aqcies evropelebma da amerikelebma naxevari
msoflio TavianT koloniebad?
orasi welia saqarTvelo ruseTis klanWebidan Tavis daRw-
346
evas lamobs. am bolo dros istoriam gagviRima, marTalia, jer
rusis Ceqma (samxedro bazebi) bolomde ver movicileT, magram
mainc damoukidebeli qveyana gvqvia.
Sen ki, qarTveli eris nebis sawinaaRmdegod, rusebs mihyide
mTeli energosistema Tavisi energomatareblebiT.
miSa, qveyanas is marTavs, vis xelSic gazi da eleqtroenergiaa. xom xedav, russ ukve Seni Rimilis aRar sjera, miuxedavad putinisadmi aRvlenili Zmobis ficisa, rusuli masmedia
umowyalod gakritikebs.
gadaketavs erT mSvenier dRes gazsa da dens rusi da erT
kviraSi damTavrdeba Seni prezidentoba.
Tu qveyanaze ar fiqrob, Sen Tavze mainc ifiqre.
asec ar iyos, amerika (vinc gagaprezidenta) mogiwonebs
strategiuli obieqtebis ruseTze gasxvisebas?
xom xedav, ukve gagrZnobines ukmayofileba Seni erTwliani
prezidentobis TiTqmis uaryofiTi SefasebiT.
raSi gaZlev, Se kai kaco, milionebs, ratom gimagreb jars da
giwvrTni rezervistebs, Tu Sen isev russ miewepebio, fiqrobs
amerika.
icode, miSa, WiaTurmanganumisa da navsadguris gayidvaSi
aRebuli fuli male SemogeWmeva da gacemuls veRarasodes
daibruneb.
axla saqarTvelo saerTaSoriso samarTlis subieqtia, gayiduls veRar waarTmev myidvels, samudamod ikargeba is, rac
Sen, Jvaniam, burjanaZem da ruseTis mstovarma benduqiZem gayideT.
ratom ar fiqrob imaze, rom saqarTvelos miwa, zRva da
wiaRiseuli iseve ekuTvnis 25-e saukunis qarTvels, rogorc
Tanamedrove saqarTvelos.
marTalia, axla Sen qveynis gasxvisebisaTvis yurSi xels veravin mogkidebs, magram, roca prezidenti aRar iqnebi, ra pasuxs miscem eris samsjavros?
ra pasuxs aZlev Sensave Svilebsa da SviliSvilebs?
ifiqre amaze.
rCeva meoTxe
yoveli revolucia imiTac aris arajansaRi Tavisi saboloo
SedegebiT, regresuli movlena, rom igi tlanqia da sastiki.
347
araTu SenTvis SevardnaZis mier siniT xelisuflebis gadmocemis farsi (Sen rom `vardebis revolucias~ uwodeb), aramed Tavisi masStabebiT iseTi uzarmazari `revoluciebic~
ki SeTqmulebebad Seafasa istoriam, rogoric iyo ruseTis
Tebervlisa da oqtombris revoluciebi.
didi taqti, iuveliris sifaqize gWirdeboda Sen, rom yvelasa da yvelafrisadmi obieqturoba, zomiereba SegenarCunebina,
Taobebi erTmaneTisTvis ar dagepirispirebina da xalxi wonasworobidan ar gamogeyvana.
gadaxede ra xdeba qveyanaSi.
Seni saxeliT sajarod Seuracxyofen, samsaxurebidan sdevnian, dascinian mravalWirgamovlil, damsaxurebul adamianebs.
angariSs usworeben imaT, vis beWebzec Tqveni Taoba amoizarda.
ratom ar fiqrob, miSa, rom revoluciis saxeliT ufrosi
Taobis, saxelovani mecnierebisa da sazogado moRvaweebis auxsneli xepruli ignorirebiT, Sen Seuracxyofas ayeneb, pirvel
rigSi, Sens mSoblebs, Sens bebiebsa da babuebs.
ra Seni gasaTavisuflebelia samsaxuridan brwyinvale qarTveli reJisori `daTa TuTaSxias~ avtori giga lorTqifaniZe?!
da... romeli erTi CamovTvalo.
ici, ras ambobs xalxi? es yovelive paTologiuri, gonji
axalgazrdebis Setevaa saqarTvelos winaaRmdego.
gadaxede Sens kabinets. Zalian bevri xom ar dagigrovda
RranWmoqceuli, enablu, gonebabrmobili, avadmyofurad moazrovne?
roca sazogadoebrivi azri CagZaxebs, moiSore seqsualurad
da gonebrivad gadaxrili xalxi, Tu ginda, ojaxSi dapatiJe,
magram samsaxurSi ufrosad nu gyavso, Sen enas uyof im sazogadoebriv azrs da paTologiur adamianebs jiutad awinaureb...
rao, miSa, me var da Cemi nabadio?
Sen xom martooden im erTi muWa axalgazrdebis prezidenti
ara xar, parlamentSi rom Sevardnen veluri xarxariT, xolo
aTiode wuTis Semdeg prezidentis skams (romelzec axla Sen
zixar) cecxli waukides. Sen sruliad saqarTvelos prezidenti
xar da yvela Taoba erTnairad Zvirfasi unda iyos SenTvis.
dasavluri orientaciis varo, yuri rom wagvWame, dasavlu-
348
ri orientacia ufrosi Taobisadmi, maTi Rvawlisadmi pativiscemas ar niSnavs?
romeli xelisufleba sdevnis gamocdil profesionalebs
da gamoucdel, araprofesional, uwignur axalgazrdebs awinaurebs?
ramdeni wlis ggonia Ceini? amerikis Tavdacvis ministri
donald ramsfeldi samocdaaTs karga xania gadaSorda, israelis saxelmwifo meTauri ariel Saroni 73 wlisaa. raRa Sors
wavide: axlaxan rom italias ewvie, 83 wlis prezidenti iyo Seni
maspinZeli.
brZnuli qarTuli andaza ici, ras ambobs?
`axlisa namudregalsa bebris sjobia CanCalio~.
ex, miSa miSa, vaiTu Tqveni namudregali male Cveni gasasworebeli gaxdes.
rCeva mexuTe
mTel msoflioSi erTi saerTaSoriso uwyebac ar aRmoCnda,
Sen mier mowyobil policiur Tavdasxmebs, saxelmwifo rekets
rom samarTlebrivad miiCnevda.
jer erTi _ dapatimrebis forma iyo saSineli:
niRbiani specrazmelebi miuvardebodnen kabinetSi ministrs
an departamentis Tavmjdomares da TiTqos gaqcevis mcdelobisas an SeiaraRebuli winaaRmdegobis gawevisas davapatimreTo,
xelfexgadagrexils da qeCoSi xelwavlebuls opermanqanebisaken miaCiqCiqebdnen.
me Sors var im azridan, rom udanaSaulo adamianebs apatimrebdiT, magram gulze xeli daide da Tqvi: `piradi angariSic
xom araerTs gausworeT?~
viRacam, sadRac, raRac rom gawyeninaT, xom pirvel rigSi
imaT daerieT da `mTavar Rlavebs~ mizezTa gamo sxvaTa da sxvaTa (an adre gafinansebdaT, an ojaxis wevrebma gTxoves...) xom
Tvali aarideT?
axla TviT reketze.
Zveli Cinovnikebis dapatimrebisTanave Zieba wydeboda da
garigeba iwyeboda _ amdeni da amdeni gadaixade da gagiSvebo.
sad, romel qveyanaSi naxe an gaigone, miSa, aseTi ram?
riT gansxvavdeboda `biujetis Sevsebis~ es meTodi Cveulebriv yaCaRis meTodisagan, fulian kacs rom moitaceb da
349
diRmis tyeSi dilegSi manamde Caayudeb, sanam Wirisuflebi
gamosasyids ar miutandnen.
sxedan axla Sen mier sulierad da ekonomikurad kastrirebuli SevardnaZis kadrebi saxlebSi, sxedan da ver gaurkveviaT,
ra moxda, ra mexi daatydaT Tavs, ra RvTis risxva datrialda
maT barobaze.
daWerili rom milionebs moitans, man ukve aRiara danaSauli, magram kanons rom ar eTanxmeba misi daWera da gamoSveba?
an udanaSaulobis prezumfcia sad aris, an daWeril-gamoSvebuls moralur zarals vin aunazRaurebs?
rao, me var da Cemi nabadio?
roca Senma sayvarelma dasavleTma migiTiTa, ar xar marTalio, ikadre da ukan daixie. axlaxan ganacxade: axla parlamentSi kanoni Semogaqvs, kacs daviWerT, fuls wavarTmevT,
magram gaSvebiT aRar gavuSvebTo.
es _ uaresi.
kaci fulis saSovnelad ki ar unda daiWiroT, aramed kanonis ZaliT daakavoT damnaSave, gaasamarTloT da, rasac sasamarTlo miusjis, ise unda moeqceT.
Tumca kanonic Tqvenia da samarTalic.
Tqvenve sWriT da Tqvenve keravT.
axla sxva mxridan SevxedoT am samarTlebriv orgiebs.
ratom aris gasaidumloebuli, ramdeni milioni Semovida
`saxelmwifo reketis~ saSualebiT, sad aris es fuli, an, Tu
daixarja, ras moxmarda?
es faqti yvelaze ufro gamWvirvaled unda geqciaT, rom
xalxisaTvis miTqma-moTqmis sababi ar migecaT _ mavansa da mavans sinamdvileSi 10 milioni waarTves da `fondSi~ mxolod 2
milioni Seitaneso.
rCeva meeqvse
Tavxedobas SeiZleba, garemoebam zRvari daudos, kretinizmi ki usazRvroa.
axlaxan parlamentis SenobasTan idgnen TeTrxalaTiani
ymawvilebi.
idgnen wvimasa da qarSi, beRurebiviT mobuzulebi.
saxeze sevda da sasowarkveTa exataT. xelT transparantebi
eWiraT.
350
transparantebze gogebaSvilis asoebiT mowafuri xeliT
ewera: `miSa, ratom mogvatyue?~
miSa am dros italiaSi seirnobda, qalaqis meri inglisel
kolegebs uziarebda Tavis dakvirvebebs falosis kultisa da
qandakebebis urTierTmimarTebis Sesaxeb, arc parlamentis
Tavmjdomare brZandeboda TbilisSi.
Cveni TeTrxalaTiani SviliSvilebi dilidan saRamomde amaod Sescqerodnen parlamentis Senobis samudamod dagmanul
fanjrebs.
bolos, rogorc iqna, gamoCndnen Zlierni ama qveynisani.
ra yayania, raze garjilxarTo, sayveduriani mzera Seavles
momitingeebs.
Cvenao, samedicino kolejis studentebi varTo, bavSvebma.
iyaviT, mere vin giSliTo, ganaTlebis saministros simpaTiurma warmomadgenelma.
gamogvicxades, rom erovnuli misaRebi gamocdebi unda CavabaroTo.
sworad gamoucxadebiaTo, Cinovnikma.
ki magram, Cven ukve sami welia samedicino institutis programiT vswavlobT da xelSekrulebis mixedviT mesame kursze
unda CavericxeTo.
`unda~ gramafonSiao, ganaTlebis saministros mkacrma warmomadgenelma, _ gauqmda kolejobia, yvelam erovnuli gamocda
unda CaabaroTo.
_ mowyaleo xelmwifev, kanons xom ukuqmedebis Zala ar gaaCnia. Cven xom, xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad, sami wlis win Cagvricxes institutSi, ra uflebis ZaliT gvricxavT?! _ tiroda
wvrilkisera motyuebuli biWi.
_ erovnuli gamocdebi yvelam unda CaabaroT! _ ena kinaRam gadmouvarda piridan wonaSi katastrofulad daklebul
cruopozicioners.
_ Tu asea, CamoarTviT diplomebi xuTi wlis winaT kursdamTavrebulebs, gauuqmeT samecniero xarisxi babuaCems, romelic
30 welia profesoria! _ hyviroda oqroskululebiani gogona.
_ erovnuli gamocdebi yvelam unda Caabaros! _ zizRiT Sescqeroda umowyalod, usafuZvlod dasjil, quCaSi gaZevebul
studentebs dabalkisera, naZirala parlamentari, romelic mozard mayurebelTa TeatrSi ugrimod iTamaSebda wiTel turas.
351
rCeva meSvide
saqarTvelo Raribi, gaZarculi, omSi damarcxebuli, daCoqebuli, gaubedurebuli qveyanaa, miSa.
saxelmwifo xazinaSi fulis dagrovebis ori (orive saeWvo
da molipuli) gza airCie Sen, rogorc strategma.
pirveli _ Zveli CinovnikebisaTvis fulis wagleja.
meore _ ucxoeTis (gansakuTrebiT amerikis) mowyalebis
gaRebis gziT Semosuli dolarebi.
pirveli gza rom usasrulo ar aris (piriqiT, Zalian
moklea), mogexseneba. nel-nela pataravdeba fulis wasarTmevi
`klienturis~ Sen mier Camowerili sia, mere? eqspropriaciis
Seneuli, revoluciuri meTodi erT mSvenier dRes kapiksac
rom ver Semogitans?
meore gza pirdapir maTxovrobis, an momavlis saqarTvelosTvis valebis dagrovebis gzaa.
maTxovari ebralebaT, miSa, magram siyvaruliT aravis uyvars.
moswyindeba msoflios male `momeci, damexmares~ mudariT saqarTvelos gamowvdili xeli.
Tu gaxsovs, otia ioselianma giTxra: `daxmarebis imedze
yofna rava SeiZleba. mowyalebas vinc iZleva, isaa kaci, Tvara,
vinc Rebulobs _ maTxovariao~.
Tanac unda icode, rom dRes msoflioSi lamazi TvalebisaTvis da gulubryvilo (suleluri, kinaRam wamomcda) RimilisaTvis aravin arafers iZleva.
yovel kapiks, SenTvis boZebuls, amerika Tavis did davTarSi
iwers da male iseT kabala-badeSi gagaxvevs, rom Tavis daZvrena
Sen ki ara, Taobebsac gauWirdeba.
mesame da mTavari gza fulis Sovnisa, mrewvelobis da
soflis meurneobis ganviTarebaa. Sen am gzas TiTqmis ar icnob
(an ufro uaresi _ ar cnob). rogorc mosalodneli iyo, Seni
Zvirfasi maswavleblis _ SevardnaZis gzas erTgulob _ mTeli
saqarTvelo ucxouri iafi saqonlis bazrad da jixurebis tyed
aqcie.
megona, fulis yadri gecodineba, simwriT naSovn yovel
kapiks muyaiTad gauxdebodi, `momWirneobas~ daiwerdi gulis
ficarze, rogorc gaRletili qveynis prezidenti.
gamexarda, erTxel `sagangebo saprezidento~ marSrutze
uari rom Tqvi da Cveulebrivi, sareiso TviTmfrinaviT imgzavre.
xanmokle aRmoCnda Cemi sixaruli.
Turme... aqac Sevmcdarvar.
farsi yofila sareiso TviTmfrinaviT Seni erTaderTxel
mgzavroba, metro-troleibusiT Seni `demokratobana~.
wamdauwum sazRvargareT dafrinav mravalricxovani amaliT.
vin waiyvane Tengiz abulaZis erTi filmis `matarebeliviT~,
rad gindoda amxela amala, ra saqmeze iyaviT, Tu gaxsovT italiaSi?
marto Sen ki ara, saqveyno SedegiT nulis tolia Jvanias,
burjanaZis, TevdoraZis, bokerias, TargamaZis da Sesaxedavad
maTTa msgavsTa wamdauwumi vizitebi sazRvargareT.
ras miaRwieT? ra gakeTda? Seni `istoriuli gamosvlis~
mere, xom naxe, ufro mogviketa kokoiTma cxinvalis kari.
10 milioni lari gqonda 2004 wels biujetSi prezidentis
fondiT gaTvaliswinebuli _Sen ki 40 milioni dagixarjavs.
raSi? iqneb mSier-mwyurval Raribebs daexmare, iqneb ubinaoebs SeuZine binebi Seni fondidan, an miwisZvriT iavarqmnili
saxlebi aRudgine mavanT?
ar geSinia, rom erT dRes pasuxs mogTxoven Senive fondis
ase umiznod ganiavebisaTvis?
aRar gaTavda Seni sazeimo vizitebi uniWo simRerebiT
yuramde pirgaxeul Sens umwifara ministrebTan erTad?
vis fuls xarjavT, visi fuliT bairamobT, miSa?
352
23. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
14 marts, specrazmi parlamentis win Camomsxdar demonstrantebs cemiT gaumaspinZlda.
yoCaR, biWebo!
Zaladobis ra SemTxveva ar gvaxsovs, magram xelisuflebas
rom 14-15 wlis bavSvebze ieriSi mietanos, pirveli SemTxvevaa!
patara cremlian gogonas urtyam? ar grcxvenia?
midiT, dascxeT, daxoceT Tqveni umcrosi da-Zma, oRond
lomaia kargad gyavdeT.
xelisufalTa kretinizmi ufro Sors ver wava.
mTeli Tbilisi unda dadgomoda gverdiT im dRes rwmenaCaklul axalgazrdebs, romelTac zurgs umagrebda kanoni, magram
maT win gulgrilobis, cinizmis yru kedeli aRmarTuliyo.
Tbiliss jer kidev sZinavs.
jer kidev... miSa, jerjerobiT...
353
rCeva merve
garedan mosuli araerovnuli xelisuleba xarTo, rom gikiJineben opozicionerebi, martooden imas rodi gulisxmoben,
sorosma da kompaniam lamis godriT rom mogiyvanaT.
nu geSinia, arc Seni da Seni gundis zogierTi warmomadgenlis arcTu mTlad qarTul warmoSobas gulisxmoben.
qarTvels, Sen kargad ici, warmomavlobaze ara aqvs garTuleba (Tumca, ratom ar unda hqondes, ver amixsnia). israeli
dauSvebs, rom premier-ministri araebrauli warmoSobis iyos?
Tqveni araerovnuloba, upirveles yovlisa, qarTul mwerlobasTan damokidebulebaSi Cans.
arc Sen, miSa, arc Jvania, arc burjanaZe (miT umetes benduqiZe) qarTul zRaparze, qarTul leqssa da moTxrobaze ar
gazrdilxarT.
mTqnareba agitydeboda parlamentSi yofnis dros, mwerlobaze rom Camogigdebdi saubars.
arc erT Tqvengans arasodes Tqveni `cecxlovan~ revoluciur gamosvlebSi, citirebas rom Tavi gavaneboT, arc erTi
mwerali ar gixsenebiaT. kidev meti, erTi andazac arasodes
wamogcdeniaT.
Tqveni brali ar aris, Tqveneuli aRzrdis bralia.
Tbilisis universitetSi rom qulebi ar geyo, im qulebiT
kievSi Cagricxes da 16 wlis ymawvili TiTqmis samudamod mowydi qarTul garemos.
ganswavlis wlebma rom gaiara da dabrundi, literaturisTvis sad gecala: xan SevardnaZis gundSi SevardnaZis xelaxla
asarCevad piraqafebuli darbodi zeviT-qveviT, xan ki, brutusis sindromiT Sepyrobili, SeTqmulebas amzadebdi Senive sulieri mamis winaaRmdeg.
miuxedavad imisa, rom Seni `erTgvari (iribi) babua~ grigol
abaSiZe mweralTa kavSiris Tavmjdomare iyo, Sen aSkarad,
yvelaferSi getyoba, rom gZuls mwerloba da mweralTa kavSiri.
moxvedi Tu ara prezidentad, maSinve Seuwyvite saqarTveloSi yvelaze daucvel fenas _ eris gonebas da sindiss _
qarTvel mwerlebs ocdaorlariani pensia.
Sen rom xelfasad 4000 lari dainiSne, ici ramdenad mcirea
4000 larTan SedarebiT 22 lari?
354
mereda vis Seuwyvite SevardnaZis mier daniSnuli es Citis
lukma daxmareba, ici?
gvarebs aRar CamovTvli. sulerTia, mainc ar dagamaxsovrdeba.
mere adeqi da Seni premier-ministris da ori mobehemoTo
(`moboTo~ kinaRam wamomcda) ministris xeliT mweralTa kavSirSi werils werilze gvigzavnidi _ mwerlebma saswrafod dacaleT Senoba, igi privatizacias eqvemdebarebao.
romeli Senoba unda dagvecala, miSiko, romelic 1921 wels
umaRlesi xelisuflebis dekretiT oficialurad gadmogveca
da romelic sulmnaTi sarajiSvilis nebiT manamdec mweralTa saxli iyo (am SenobaSi waikiTxa ilia WavWavaZem `oTaraanT
qvrivi~)?
saqme sasamarTlomde mivida.
mosamarTle, tariel zambaxiZe, yelgamoRadvriT gvevedreboda, gainZeriT cota, midiT saakaSvilTan, zemodan mawvebian,
Senoba unda wagarTvaTo.
ra eqna im kacsac, col-Svili hyavs.
dRes xom saqarTveloSi sasamarTlo saerTod ar arsebobs,
xelisuflebis neba marTavs marionet mosamarTleebs da qoTans
saiTac unda, iqiT gamoabamen yurs.
Svidi depeSa gamogigzavneT SemoqmedebiTi kavSirebis saxeliT. miRebas gTxovdiT, magram Seni piradi megobrebis garda
sxva vin migiRia, rom Cven migeReT.
q-ni sandra rulovsi moviwvieT mweralTa kavSirSi da am
mSvenieri qalbatonis piriT gaaxleT Cveni saTxovari: keTili
genebebina da mwerlebi quCaSi ar gageyara.
Cans, moaRwia `Sens yuramde~ mweralTa godebam da am oriode Tvis winaT mecnierebTan saubarSi ganacxade: vin arTmevs
mwerlebs Senobas, vin gabeda aseTi rameo.
guls mogvefona da gvegona, axla mainc ar gatexdi sityvas.
kvlavac fiasko!
ori kviris win mosamarTle zambaxiZem mrisxane ganaCeni
gamogvigzavna. ra meqna, Zmao, marTalia, saakaSvilma ganacxada,
ar garTmevT Senobaso, magram CemTvis oficialurad aravis
araferi uTqvams (arc ugrZnobinebia), amitomac me rac damavales, is Sevasruleo. sxvaTa Soris, Tu Tqveni daxmareba unda
355
saakaSvils, uzenaesi gaauqmebs Cems ganaCens da mec davisveneb
da Tqvenco.
dResdReobiT oTx-oTxi mwerali dRedaRam bastiliasaviT
vicavT mweralTa kavSiris Senobas, raTa momaval TaobaTa winaSe sircxvili ar vWamoT.
modi, modi, miSa, gamoagzavne niRbiani biWebi da gamogvyare
mweralTa kavSiridan: ana kalandaZe, Wabua amirejibi, marika
baraTaSvili, oTar WilaZe, lado mrelaSvili, merab elioziSvili, otia ioseliani, rezo WeiSvili, murman jguburia, nodar
wuleiskiri, revaz miSvelaZe, mayvala gonaSvili, vaJa oTaraSvili, soso sigua...
wakiTxuli Tu ara, es gvarebi gagonili mainc geqneba.
sxvaTa Soris, mwerlis Tanadgoma roca dagWirda, moiTavmdable da sTxove muxran maWavarians, operis TeatrSi saqarTvelos winaSe prezidentad warmadgineo.
Segisrula Txovna muxranma.
rai mere?
Seni rom gainaRde, axla aRarc muxranis arseboba gaxsovs
da arc ana kalandaZis.
`saxelmwifo saqmeebiT~ xar gadatvirTuli da mwerlobisTvis ver icli.
ar varga, ar gamogadgeba mwerlebTan aseTi damokidebuleba, Torem me ra.
mwerloba amas ar imsaxurebs da vaiTu xval-zeg `axal
yvaryvared~ gadmoiRvaros novelis, moTxrobis, romanis Tu piesis saxiT?
Tu ar Secvale mwerlobisadmi Seni agdebuli damokidebuleba, ase iqneba, ki.
mere? Sen andazebi ar giyvars, magram erTs mainc getyvi:
`rac mogiva daviTao, yvela Seni TaviTao~.
rCeva mecxre
sruli qaosia, Cemo miSa, Seni politikis im nawilSi, raic
Tanamedrove saqarTvelos nomer pirvel problemas _ ruseTis
mier warTmeuli teritoriebis dabrunebas Seexeba.
araviTari logikuri, Camoyalibebuli politika am mimarTulebiT Senc iseve ar gagaCnia, rogorc SevardnaZes ar gaaCnda.
da es bunebrivicaa.
356
ver dagadanaSauleb, radganac Tavs zeviT, rom ityvian,
Zala ar aris.
Seni Secdoma mxolod is aris, rom iluziam Segipyro: SevardnaZe sZulda ruseTs, me ki kargi biWi var da damibrunebs
afxazeT-samaCabloso.
Cans, kargad ar icnob rusis siverages.
aWarac rusma dagiTmo, oRond dagiTmo kbilTa RrWialiT,
rakiRa aWaris warTmeva, rogorc sufTa qarTuli regionisa,
Zalian iyvirebda msoflios TvalSi.
russ Cven ki ar SevecodeT, msoflio sazogadoebrivi azris
SeeSinda.
aba, gamosuliyo baTumis bazidan ori rusuli tanki da damdgariyo ColoqTan, Tu gabedavdi Seni yoCaRi biWebiT baTumSi
Sesvlas.
ai, swored im russ, romelmac am zafxuls Sercxvenili
gamogabunZula cxinvalidan, Caabare, miSa, qarTuli energetikis sadaveebi.
axla ki am xaziT rusi ukveTavs musikas da, roca moeprianeba, Tavis mazurkas `gatancavebs~.
ver vityvi, rom warTmeuli miwebis dabrunebis survili da
mcdeloba gaklia, magram ar ici, ra xerxs unda mimarTo.
Seni Ripiani `rezervistebiT~ arc ifiqro, miSa, cxinvalsoxumis dabruneba. rusis armias tyuilad xalxs Seaxocav da
meti araferi.
imaSic marTali xar, arc SeSinebul-gawamebuli ltolvilebi gamoirCevian didi aqtiurobiT.
siniT Tu miarTmev afxazeTs, maSinac ki yvela ltolvili
rodi dabrundeba.
rac Seexeba ltolvilTa axal Taobas, vatyob, imaT TiTqmis
aRar stkivaT afxazeTi.
saqarTvelos moWril ZuZus aTasi weli oden gonieri saqarTvelo _ inteligencia ver Seegueba.
axlaxan parlamentma wamoiknavla: modi, ruseTis bazebis
dauyovnebliv gayvanaze dadgenileba miviRoTo da Sen da burjanaZem kinaRam operatiulad CafuSeT parlamentis survili.
ratom, miSa, ratom? samarTlebrivi baza mainc xom unda
SevuqmnaT, rusis Ceqma rom gavides Cveni miwidan.
rogorc iqna, miiRo parlamentma gabeduli dadgenileba.
357
Tumca kacma rom Tqvas, parlamentma am sami wlis winaT es
dadgenileba ukve miiRo. erTxmad miveciT xma, magram meore
dRes SevardnaZem xeli ar moawera.
rusi Cveni dadgenilebiT ar gaitans bazebs. Cven ki ara,
msoflios 53 qveynis prezidentma daadgina stambolis samitze dauyovnebliv gavides rusi saqarTvelodano, magram vanias
arc sircxvili uwvavs beWebs da arc saerTaSoriso samarTals
emorCileba.
Cveni molaparakeba separatistebTan, an saxalxo diplomatia xom sisulelea da sisulele.
erTaderTi gza arsebobs.
amerikam (natom, gaerom, evroparlamentma, evrokavSirma)
unda aiZulon putini, klanWebi SeuSvas saqarTvelos.
Cven ki, rac SeiZleba mWidro integraciis gziT unda viaroT dasavleTisaken. ufro metad unda davWirdeT dasavleTs,
vidre axla vWirdebiT.
manamde ki Cven mTel msoflios unda vaCvenoT, rom ar veguebiT saqarTvelos danawevrebas.
ar unda davaZinoT separatistebi Cvens saxlebSi cxinvalsa
da soxumSi, Cvens istoriul miwaze.
ormocdaaTi pingvinis daCoqeba ki ar unda vaCvenoT gadamTiels, yovel dRe unda CavutaroT mware gakveTilebi imisa,
rom Cven movalT da Wkuas vaswavliT.
sisulelea, miSa, fqvilisa da Saqris mitana imasTan, visac
sZulxar.
nurc imiT movityuebT Tavs, rom Tu ekonomikurad movmagrdiT, afsua da osi maSinve Cvenken gamoiqceva.
rCeva meaTe
maxsovs, pirvelad rom moxvedi universitetSi, jer kidev
ar iyavi prezidentobiT galaRebul-gaamayebuli da urigodac
ar gamosulxar.
Cemi prioriteti mecniereba iqnebao. meo, Tqveni ojaxis
wevri var _ dedac, mamac, bebiac da babuac profesorebi myvanano.
gagvexarda, gvegona swavlulTa ojaxidan gamosul prezidents swavlulis yadri gecodineboda.
sxvaTa Soris, Segkadra erTma profesorma _ eg yvelaferi
358
kargia, kargi mogeces, magram ministrs lomaias ver vatyob saxare mozvrobas: jer erTi, gamobrZmedili soroselia da, meorec, rbilad rom vTqvaT, ucnauri azrebi aqvs Zvel qarTul
mwerlobaze da saqarTvelos istoriaze _ skolaSi am sagnebis
swavlebaze saerTodo.
saxe mogemgela.
nuravis eqneba imisi imedi, rom me Cems ministrs `CavuSvebo~.
sityva `CaSveba~ rogor ar gagvigonia da araerTxel am sityvis
praqtikuli ganxorcielebis msxverplic gavmxvdarvarT, magram
`CaSveba~ im SemTxvevaSi prezidentis bageTagan _ sruliad uadgilo da ucnauri iyo.
... da aris Sengan ganebivrebuli ganaTlebis ministri ganaTlebis jalaTad movlenili, miSa.
misi yoveli sityva, yoveli gamosvla utaqtobis, uzrdelobis, arainteligenturobis demonstraciaa.
sad gaizarda, ram gaaTavxeda es axalgazrda kaci ase?
sircxvilis grZnobac dakarguli aqvs. ustvenen, auditoriidan gamoaZeveben studentebi da saRamos teleekranidan utifrad acxadebs _ Zalian saintereso Sexvedra mqonda, studentebi yvelaferSi meTanxmebiano.
misi gamometyveleba ise aSkarad zizRnarevi da saldafonuria, rom ase mgonia, mosasxamis SigniT damsjeli eqspediciis
oberfiureris samxreebs malavs an inkviziciis agentis mosasxami es-esaa kedelze Camokida da kvalis asarevad abatis saxiT
warudga sazogadoebas.
TaobaTa aRmzrdeli, lamazi, TmaTeTra, kdemamosili qalbatoni marika lorTqifaniZe ekiTxeba, es `testi~ Znelad gasagebi
xom ar iqneba abiturientisTviso, da uzrdeli ministri cinikurad pasuxobs: ar megona, qalbatono marika, Tu ase gZuldaT
katebio.
ra SuaSia katebi, ministro?
Teatralur institutSi uniWieresi reJisori nukri qanTaria ganaTlebis (ganaTlebis da ara penitencialuri departamentis) ministrs `genacvaleTi~ mimarTavs; kaxa lomaiam kopebi
faSistur-gestapourad Sehkra da `me Seni genacvale ara varo~.
ar iyo, miSa, panRuriT gasagdebi im wuTSi im darbazidan
Seni rCeuli lomaia?
`ar Cauva~, civ niavs nu miakareb, gyavdes ganaTlebis minis-
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trad Seni rCeuli lomaia da kulturis ministrad aranakleb
arasrulfasovani gabaSvili.
gyavdes da, ra Citsac dagaWerineben, imasac vnaxav.
Tavisi utaqtobiT erTma ukve mogamdura mecnierTa umravlesoba, meorem ki xelovanTa uaRresad mgrZnobiare dasi.
rCeva meTerTmete
nacionaluri moZraobis egidiT mosul xelisuflebas
swored rom nacionaluri iersaxe dakarguli aqvs.
mas Semdeg, rac SevardnaZem Tavis ubeSi gamozrdili lekvebi asparezze gamoiyvana da parlamenti Caabara, Savi dRe daadga
swored im kanonmdeblobas, saqarTvelos erovnul suverenitets rom ganamtkicebda. yoveli erovnuli saxelmwifos arseboba, sxvaTa Soris, sam kanonze dgas: kanoni saxelmwifo enis
Sesaxeb, kanoni erovnuli rekvizitis Sesaxeb, kanoni religiis
Sesaxeb.
wina parlamentSi am sami kanonis miRebis winaaRmdeg gaafTrebiT ibrZodnen Jvania, saakaSvili da burjanaZe.
dRes swored es nacional-demokratebi marTaven saqarTvelos. parlametSic aravin Cans, rom am sam erovnul kanonze
sityva Camoagdos... da midis qaravani Cveni erovnuli cnobierebis rRvevis udabnoSi.
msoflioSi ver naxavT saxelmwifos, sadac moqalaqes pasportSi `nacionaloba~ (anu erovneba) ar uweria.
martodmarto saqarTveloa uerovnebo qveyana.
msoflioSi ver naxavT saxelmwifos, sadac ZiriTadi, saxelmwifos Semqmneli eris enad saxelmwifo ena ar iqneba dakanonebuli.
oden saqarTveloSi ver vbedavT saxelmwifo enad qarTuli
enis gamocxadebas (grcxvenia! ra piriT SevxedoT mere saqarTveloSi momravlebuli stumari erebis warmomadgenlebs).
msoflioSi ver naxavT saxelmwifos, romelsac erTxel da
samudamod Camoyalibebuli, gansazRvruli da kanoniT libogamagrebuli religiuri saxe ar gaaCndes.
arseboben musulmanuri saxelmwifoebi da arseboben qristianuli (marTlmadidebluri an kaTolikuri) saxelmwifoebi...
martooden saqarTveloa ganusazRvreli religiuri profilis saxelmwifo.
360
ratom? Cven xom tolerantul-Semwynarebluri saxelmwifo
varT, ratom unda gavafetiSoT erTiani aRmsareblobao.
ar aris es qveynis aSkara mtroba?
ki, batono, gqondes sindisis Tavisufleba, pativi miage
yovel WeSmarit aRmsareblobas (da ara seqtebs), magram raki
avtokefaluri eklesia gaqvs da kaTolikos-patriarqi gyavs,
nu gaajejileb ieRovelebs, mwvane Suqs nu aunTeb seqtanturmwvaleblur mimdinareobebs.
nu daangrev RvTis saxls sabargo manqanis dajaxebiT da
wveriT nu daiTrev mZime jvriT qristianobis damcvel moZRvars.
nu... nu...
rCeva meTormete
ara mgonia, Sendauneburad xdebodes, prezidento, rom
TanabaraCqarebulad avtoritaruli reJimisken miveqanebiT.
erTi kacis mier xelisuflebis uzurpacia aSkaraa.
visac ginda, pirqve dascem, visac ginda aayvaveb.
ara marto ministrebsa da ministrTa moadgileebs, Turme
umaRlesi saswavleblebis dekanTa gvarebsac Sen giTanxmeben.
erTi xelis mosmiT gaauqme samecniero-pedagogiuri kerebisTvis konstituciurad miniWebuli avtonomia.
umaRlesi ganaTlebis kanonis miRebis farss sanam gaiTamaSebdnen parlamentSi, erTi-orjer mecnierebs uxme Sens kabinetSi _ ra SeniSvnebi gaqvTo. Secbunebulma swavlulebma xmis
kankaliT Semogbedes, es, es da es unda Caswordeso.
miubrundi da lomaias kategoriulad mimarTe:
_ marTalia es xalxi, ra SeniSvnebic gamoiTqva, yvela gaiTvaliswineo.
_ mesmis, mbrZanebelo, _ ruqas Rimili gtyorcna ganaTlebis
ministrma.
magram lomaia risi `kerketi kakali~ iqneboda, mxcovan mecnierTa Tundac erTi SeniSvna rom gaeTvaliswinebina.
Sen ki gamocdili mecnierebis (da Senic, sxvaTa Soris)
abuCad agdebisaTvis lomaias erTi SeniSvnac ar akadre.
masmedias saerTod naklebad itan da miT umetes opoziciur
masmedias.
Cans, Senze daweril kritikul werilebs garideben da Senc
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SeniSvna-rCevebis kiTxviT Tavs ar iklav. eg ki ara, demokrati
prezidentis imijis Sesaqmnelad mrCevelTa institutic SemoiRe. oTxi mrCevlidan sami Wkviani da gamocdili politikosia (erTi wairomantikos-waicancarebs, Tumca masac ara uSavs),
magram rad ginda, Turme axlosac ar ikareb, aqaoda vinmem ar
ifiqros, mrCevlebis Wkuaze davdivaro.
rogorc dasavleTidan SeuniSnavT, saqarTveloSi isev awameben patimrebs, isev ixureba gabeduli satelevizio arxebi...
mecineba, saxelmwifo televizias rom `sazogadoebrivi
televizia~ daarqvi. gardaqmnilma televiziam isRa gaakeTa,
rom `moambes~ `mTavari~ uwoda da amiT `gaasazogadoebriva~.
sad gcalia telegadacemebisTvis, magram gekiTxebi: riTaa
demokratiuli Sengelias televizia, WaWanebs Tundac umniSvnelo opoziciuri azri, mogismenia erTi Wkuadamjdari mwerlis
an mecnieris dinji saubari cisferi ekranidan (I arxze) Cveni
cxovrebis saWirboroto sakiTxebze?
Seni unapiro xotba da Seni Rimiliani gaqcev-gamoqcevebi
ekranze... esaa sazogadoebrivi televizia?
rCeva mecamete
kadrebis SerCevaSi xom SecdomaTa da gaugebrobaTa niaRvrad
daatydi qveyanas.
Seneuli `kadrebi~ saqarTvelos ki ara, dedamiwis yvelaze
CamorCenil qveyanasac ar ekadreba.
saidan moiyvane, miSa, ra monacemebis mixedviT wamoasvi saqarTvelos gonjTa, tvinnaRrZobTa da gonebabrmobilTa es qaravani?
Sen TviTon ar gecineba, ministrTa kabinetis mrgval magidas rom miujdebi da Sens rCeulT gadaxedav?
jgerenaias da WiaberaSvilis `Teoriul Sexedulebebze~ bevri daiwera da Tavs ar Segawyen, magram ra koWi gigora aseTi
`behemoTam~, rom saqarTvelos gayidvis uflebebiT aRWurve.
Sen daavale WiaberaSvils, miwisZvrisgan dangreul Tbiliselebs daxmarebaze sami TiTis kombinacia uCvene da 360 aTasi
dolari londonidan saaxalwlod yinulis Camotanas moaxmareo?
Tu Sen ar dagivalebia, pasuxi ar unda mogeTxova gatutucebuli merisTvis qalaqis biujetis ase uyairaTod xarjvis gamo?
362
Sens eskorts axlos vin miekareba (sxvaTa Soris, aseTi grandiozul-pompezuri dacva stalinsac ar hyolia), magram ici Tu
ara Sen, rom Tbilisi maTxovrebiT gaivso, rom SimSiliTa da
TviTmkvlelobiT wamdauwum amTavreben sicocxles moqalaqeebi da maT Soris Seni yofili mxardamWerebic?
meris erTaderTi `miRweva~ ybadaRebuli bermudis samkuTxedi, `meocnebe~ WiaberaSvilis fantazias sazRvari ara
aqvs: xan varazisxev-gmirTa moedani orsarTulian `estakatad~
surs gadaakeTos da xan didubidan soRanluRamde miwisqveSa
derefnis gakeTebaze fiqrobs.
vai, Cvens dRes.
Weri Tavze gveqceva da milionebis wyalSi gadayras gegmavs
meriko.
`bermudis samkuTxedis~ Svela ase SeiZleba: universitetidan rusTavelis Zeglamde iyos calmxrivi moZraoba (swored
am adgilas uWirs transports yvelaze metad), xolo `aRma~
mimavalma manqanebma `perovskaiaze~ da mis paralelur quCaze
imoZraon.
es cxrajer uTxres, magram Tavs iklavs da am sruliad umtkivneulo `operaciazec~ (rac kapiki ar dajdeba) ar Tanxmdeba
WiaberaSvili. Cans, sazogadoebriv azrze ufro Zvirfasma (am
sityvis `faseuli~ gagebiTac) vinmem CasZaxa _ es ar gaakeTo,
Torem perovskaiaze ganlagebul restornebs (?) xeli SeeSlebaTo.
rac Seexeba kulturis ministrs, aqac umZimes (ara marto
wonis gagebiT) SemTxvevasTan gvaqvs saqme.
amas winaT televiziiT hkiTxes _ ra uyavi mweralTa kavSirisTvis biujetidan gamoyofil 40 000 lario, ra upasuxa?
`meti ar mqonda saqme, mayvala gonaSvils Cavugdebdi xelSi im
fulso~.
ras moaxmara? `Sou-paxmeliebs~, `Sou-maraTonebs~, `Sou-TevzWerebs~, `Sou-tingicobebs~ ... vis moaxmara?
revoluciasadevnebul
eqvsiode
uniWo,
uwmawuri
striqonebis Semqmnel mwerals.
hkiTxe WeSmarit xelovanTa Tavmdabal da saxelganTqmul
razms, miSiko! Tu saqarTveloSi erTi xelovani mainc getyvis,
rom kulturis ministris saqmianobiT kmayofilia, sajarod
bodiSs movixdi.
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oRond ministrisave kabinetSi dRedaRam mogriale im biWbuWebs (telepoetebi, medrove reJisorebi, uniWo mTxzvelebi...) ar hkiTxo, dRedaRam rom imaze fiqroben, ra `RonisZieba~
Caitaron Tavis gasarTobad da `sakaifod~.
Tu Senc WurSi ar zixar, droze dahpanRure aseTi ministrebi, prezidento!
rCeva meToTxmete
saqarTvelo ocdameerTe saukunis fiordebSi Securebuli
patara, ialqniani navia, miSiko, da didi sifrTxile sWirdeba,
rom istoriulma qarboriebma ar daamsxvrios.
sagareo politikaSi mcire Secdomasac aravin gapatiebs.
diplomatiaSi bavSvur-miamituri qcevebi damRupvelia.
Sen msoflio `strategoba~ vin dagavala, Sen erTi pawawkintela, mSieri qveynis prezidenti xar. vin gkiTxavs Sen yirgizeTis revoluciis ambavs.
miutevebeli Secdomaa ruseTisTvis strategiuli obieqtebis miyidva. unda icode, or aqlems Soris (amerika, ruseTi)
saqarTvelo-kozaks gaTelva-gaWyletis didi albaToba aqvs.
amerikis perspeqtivasac gaxede, miSiko. aki ver daaCoqa am
yovlisSemZle zesaxelmwifom erayi...
hoda, nuravis gaufen Sens miwa-wyals fexqveS.
daviT aRmaSenebeli rom giyvars, morigi srialidan rom dabrundebi da Txilamurebs RumelTan miayudeb, gadaSale erTi,
daviT aRmaSenebelze dawerili wignebi.
naxe, ra moqnili politika hqonda daviT aRmaSenebels
aRmosavleTTanac da dasavleTTanac, CrdiloeTTanac da
samxreTTanac.
Cven sparseTis, TurqeTis da erayis mezoblebi varT, mixeil, da rogor SeiZleba muslimanuri samyaro mtrad gadaikido. TviTon amerikas ar uTxovia jer oficialurad araferi da
Cveni `sagareo uwyeba~ gahyviris, marneulis aeroports amerikis aviamzidebs davuTmobTo.
RmerTma nu qnas da amerikam rom marneulidan sparseTi dabombos, is sparseTi xeirs dagvayris xvalzeg?
ra saWiroa es politikuri bracibruci? ver veteviT wynarad Cvens ukanalze?
vici, Znelia, uari uTxra megobar amerikas eraySi mcire
SenaerTis gagzavnaze, magram ra saWiroa amis afiSireba, ra
364
saWiroa televiziiT (I arxi) vuCvenoT: Cveni lomi biWebi eraySi
miemgzavrebiano?!
sanam gadawyvetilebas miiRebde, saqarTvelos teritoriaze
CrdiloeTidan Camosul ucxo toms saxelmwifo gamouWra, xom
unda hkiTxo Sens xalxs, unda Tu ara Cvens qveyanas kidev erTi
bombi mucelSi?
eWvi gepareba, rom erTi da imave saxelwodebis ori `saxelmwifo~ xval Tu zeg gaerTianebas moindomebs?
rao, eris rCeva ar gWirdeba? TviTonve Wri da TviTonve
kerav?
imis magivrad, rom patara, mobiluri, kargad gawvrTnili
jari hyavdes qveyanas, namdvil jariskacebs lukmas akleb da
Teatralizebul `legionze~ _ rezervistebze xarjav?
Sen TviTon ar ici, rom es haerSi gadayrili fulia?
Sen TviTon ver xvdebi, rom komikuri filmis pasaJs hgavda,
Seni `mamaci rezervistebi~ quTaisSi uwauwa vedroebiT wyals
rom daarbeninebdnen da Sen gabadruli saxiT acxadebdi:
`ai, risTvis gvWirdeba rezervistebio~.
ar SeiZleba, miSa, Seni momxre umwifara, modebilo-moloTo
politikosebi gahyvrodnen: ukrainas Cven CavutareT narinjisferi revoluciao.
amiT iuSenkoc mcirdeba, ormocdaaTmilioniani saxelmwifo
ukrainac da ruseTi kbilebs akraWunebs; ai, vin yofila Cveni
damRupvelio.
rCeva meTxuTmete
mixeil, samwuxarod, Zalian Cqara dagaviwyda, rom Sen Zaladobrivi, arakanonieri gziT mosuli xelisuflebis winamZRoli xar.
dResdReobiT zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis
momxreebma TiTqmis miaRwies imas, rom saqarTvelos prezidentma daakanona kanonierad arCeuli pirveli prezidentis damxobis arakonstituciuroba da danaSaulebrioba.
gaxsovdeT, erTi nabijiRa rCeba iqamde, rom Sen mier 2003
wlis 23 noembers erT saaTSi garekili parlamentis wevrebmac
daayenon sakiTxi: miSa, Sen Seni partiis adgilebisTvis ibrZodi,
magram ra iuridiuli da moraluri ufleba gqonda, politikurad gaucnobierebeli biWebisgan Semdgar Seni `yoCaRi razmiT~
365
Sevardniliyavi parlamentSi da mujlugunebiT quCaSi gamogegdo xalxis mier arCeuli deputatebi?
xalxis mier arCeulio? gagecineba.
diax, xalxis mier arCeuli, miSiko. 2003 wlis arCevnebs sazRvargareTidan mowveuli uamravi damkvirvebeli eswreboda.
maT arCevnebi Catarebulad aRiares da arsad miuniSnebiaT egzaltirebuli brbos parlamentSi Sevardnis saWiroebaze.
daide win im parlamentis sia da kargad Caxede, marTla
uRirsi, usindiso, korumpirebuli, fuliT mosuli adamianebisagan Sedgeboda mTlianad 2003 wlis parlamenti?
da Tu iq naxevari mainc iyo Rirseuli, ra ufleba gqonda,
`revoluciis saxeliT~ maTTvis ganaCeni gamogetana?
Sen ra, kamo xar, Tu trocki?
biWebi ori dRe wvimaSi Cem gverdiT idgneno da dRes Sen,
prezidenti, yvelanairad mfarvelob `wvimosnebs~, daCeke isini
parlamentarebad, ministrebad... arc imaT iviwyeb, vinc quCaquCa dadioda da ubinao JvaniasTvis konspiraciuli Sexvedrebis
(axla mainc ra iyo sakonspiracio da dasamali? rao, axali revolucia xom ar mzaddeboda?) mosawyobad binebs qiraobda.
axla sxva mxridanac SevxedoT am ambavs: Sen rom SevardnaZis
`dosti~ iyavi, SevardnaZe rom gverdidan ar gicilebda (Tu Sen
ar Sordebodi) da xalxs amunaTebda _ es iqneba Tqveni deputatio... yvela is arCevnebi samarTliani iyo da mxolod 2003 wlis
arCevnebi iyo usamarTlo?
istorias mware mexsiereba aqvs, miSiko, da amas yvelafers
gagixseneben.
SevardnaZe marTlac moswyinda xalxs da qveyana mzad iyo
epatiebina SenTvis xelisuflebaSi sorosis frTebiT movardna,
Tu swored xalxisTvis mzrunveli prezidenti aRmoCndebodi.
Sen ki...
kidev ufro imata umuSevrobam, usinaTlobam, SimSilma,
miusafrobam. saxelmwifo samsaxurebidan quCaSi gandevnilma
dRiur lukmad gare vaWroba gaixada da RdinSi Caudeqi. kudis
rikamde misdie _ mokvdi mSierio?!
sacodavi ltolvili qalebis daxeul kolgotkebSi miZvrebiT _ ariqa, sigarets ar hyiddeso.
rac yvelaze didi saSinelebaa, xalxis nervebze TamaSobT.
rogor?
366
SegeSlebaT rame (vis ar eSleba) da simarTlis maZiebel
demonstantebs (maT Soris 15-16 wlis bavSvebsac) Tvalebs
ubrialebT. imis nacvlad, rom Secdoma gamoasworoT, mtkice
uariT `apurebT~ xalxs da Tqvensave moqalaqeebs aCvevT erT,
TqvenTvis metad saSiS azrs _ `sulerTia, amaTTan samarTals
ver miaRwev, eseni iseTi kerpebi da jiutebi arian, simarTlis
sasargeblod arafers daTmoben!~
axla qveyanaSi Tqveneuli stili batonobs _ `TavSi qva iec
da isa hqeni!~
Cemo mixeil,
me movlenaTa cxel kvalze mosiarule mwerali var da
pirveli novela `xaverdovan revoluciaze~ swored me davwere.
igi `revoluciidan erT kviraSi gamoqveynda da Setanilia Cems
axlaxan gamocemul wignSi (`ras merCodi~, 2005 w. `xaverdovani
revolucia~), romelic wignis yovel maRaziaSi iyideba.
novelaSi vwerdi imaze, rom avtobusebSi Setyuebul `revolucionerTagan~ zogma arc icoda, ra saqmeze midioda TbilisSi, vwerdi imaze, rom revoluciidan erT saaTSi revoluciurma
sameulma daiqnia revoluciis jariskacebi (Jvaniam gamoacxada:
`didi madloba, axla wadiT da daubrundiT Tqvens samuSao
adgilebso~, razec erTma `gulubryvilo~ axalgazrdam upasuxa: `samuSao adgili da saWmeli rom mqonoda, ra mindoda
aqanao~) da novelas ase vamTavrebdi:
`gia (`revoluciis~ uneblie monawile (r. m.)
xmas ar iRebda.
rac Tbilisidan wamovidnen, erTaderTi fraza utrialebda
TavSi:
`ra advili yofila prezidentis damxoba~.
Cven, Zveli Taobis revolucionerebma, es kargad vicodiT,
magram iyo saWiro am elementaruli WeSmaritebis gageba 19
wlis biWisTvis, romelsac mTeli cxovreba da vin icis, momavali revoluciebi wina aqvs?~
vgrZnob, Tu ase ganagrZe qveynis marTva, ukmayofilo xalxis niaRvari male Tavs dagatydeba, miSa, da mere gvian iqneba
TiTze kbenani.
gansakuTrebiT im biWebisa geSinodes, romlebmac prezidentis damxobis `xelovneba~ ukve ician.
367
rCeva meTeqvsmete
winasaarCevno maraTonis dros yovel mosaxvevSi gahyvirodi, mixeil, meo, mxolod ise vicxovreb, rogorc Cemi qveyana
cxovrobso.
ar mWirdeba vilebi da rezidenciebi, SevardnaZesaviT
krwanisis rezidenciaSi ki ara, Cveulebrivad, Tbilisis centrSi, oroTaxian binaSi vicxovrebo.
gavkeTdiT, es ra Tavmdabali, ra ubralo prezidenti
gveyolebao, fiqrobdnen bednieri amomrCevlebi.
cota ar iyos, pirvelma eWvma Seni ubraloebis Sesaxeb maSin
gahkraT gulSi, prezidentad arCevamde sami kviriT adre rom
dagaviwyda Seni `aRTqma~ da `usafrTxoebis mizniT~ swored
krwanisSi, SevardnaZis gverdiT daide bina.
cxovrobdiT mxardamxar, tkbilmezoblurad krwanisis samTavrobo rezidenciaSi gaZevebuli prezidenti SevardnaZe da
Sen _ mTavari gamZevebeli, saprezidentod SeRerebuli saakaSvili.
mere is iyo, prezidentad erTxmad agirCia saqarTvelom
(WiaberaSvili!) da Senc xbos aRtacebaSepyrobilma Seneburad,
ubralod da Tavmdablurad sainauguracio marSiT moibaTummoiquTais-moiTbilis-moigelaTe.
marTlac rom ajobe buSis inauguracias.
daviT aRmaSeneblis aCrdilic ki Seawuxe mowafur-prezidenturi ficis dadebiT.
male Seni ojaxi parlamentis axlos, oTxoTaxian binaSi gadavida.
Sen risi mixeil saakaSvili xar, Cveulebriv moqalaqeebTan erTad Cveulebrivze cota ukeTes oTxoTaxian binaSi rom
gecxovra.
amJamad TbilisSi, miSiko, prezidentis usafrTxoebisaTvis
sruliad gamosadegi, cnobili Tu ucnobi, ramdenime feSenebeluri agarakia:
krwanisis samTavrobo-saprezidento rezidencia, oqroyanis
samTavrobo agaraki, Savnabadas saxelisuflebo agaraki-simagre
da wyneTis samTavrobo rezidencia...
Seni saprezidento mada, Cans, verc erTma maTganma ver daakmayofila da aqamde arnaxuli da gaugonari, zRaprulad mdidruli saprezidento rezidenciis mSenebloba wamoiwye.
saqarTvelos gatyavebiT naSovni fuliT es mSenebloba elvis siswrafiT mimdinareobs da male damTavrdeba.
da es maSin, roca saqarTvelo ucxoeTis valebSi yelamde
Cafluli, damarcxebul-damcirebuli, uRaribesi qveyanaa,
miSiko, sadac yoveldRe sasomixdili, momavlis imeddakarguli
aTobiT kaci an SimSiliT kvdeba, an Tavs iklavs.
saqarTvelos istorias Tvalis erTi gadavlebiT, zereled
mainc Tu icnob, gekiTxebi me _ erTi qarTveli mwerali, Tu
gaxsovs, romelma mefem aaSena saqarTveloSi TavisTvis grandiozuli sasaxle?
Tu aris saqarTveloSi Tundac erTi pompezuri samefo sasaxle SemorCenili?
Tua cnobili, sad, romel samefo sasaxleSi cxovrobdnen
Senze cotaTi ufro brZeni da Wkviani xelmwifeebi: daviT aRmaSenebeli, Tamar mefe, bagrat mesame...
hqondaT, rogor ar hqondaT, Cvens sulkurTxeul winaprebs
sazamTro da sazafxulo samefo rezidenciebi, magram, Cans, ise
mkvidrad nagebi ara, rogorsac Sen iSeneb, Torem Cvens dromde
erTi mainc SemogvrCeboda.
rogor fiqrob Sen, daviTs, Tamars, bagrats da sxvaTa ar
SeeZloT brwyinvale samefo sasaxleebi aeSenebinaT? magram ar
aaSenes, miSiko, imitom, rom isini aSenebdnen gelaTs, varZias,
bedias da bagratis taZars.
cotaTi mainc Tu Cagaxede sindisSi?
vera?
kargad dafiqrdi, prezidento, e mand Senma avlabrulma
madam (miniSneba mxolod mSeneblobis adgilzea, r. m.) sxva sisuleleebic ar Cagadeninos.
368
24. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
rCeva meCvidmete
yvelafers gauZlebda kaci, dRes saqarTveloSi erovnuli
cnobierebis winaaRmdeg gamalebuli, farTomasStabiani brZola rom ar iyos gaCaRebuli.
da es brZola swored Seni xelmZRvanelobiT, Seni xelisuflebis dros daiwyo.
demokratiasTan mmarTvelobis Seneul stils saerTo
araferi aqvs, miSiko. ver itan gansxvavebul azrs; WiriviT
gZuls opozicia; Tvalebis brials mohyvebi xolme, Tu vinme
gabedavs da SeniSvnas Segkadrebs.
369
samagierod gansacvifrebel demokratiulobas iCenT Sen da
Seni televizia, roca SoTa rusTavels, ilia WavWavaZes, akaki
wereTels da galaktion tabiZes abdaubda, primitiul, provinciul mwerlebad acxadeben.
Sen swored im moxuligno, uniWo mwerlebs ixuteb gulSi,
vinc zemoT naxseneb saZraxis saqmes sCadis yoveldRe, yovel
wams, yoveli striqoniT...
amas politikur enaze qveynisTvis erovnuli orientirebis
moSla hqvia, miSiko.
waarTvi qarTvel ers rusTaveli, ilia, akaki, vaJa, galaktioni da, ici, ra SegrCeba xelSi? saZovarze miSvebuli naxiri.
bodiSs vixdi, saZovarze miSvebuli rom iyos, kidev ara uSavs, `saZovarze miuSvebeli~ unda damewera. Tqven xom dRedaRam
imaze fiqrobT, rogor gaumwaroT cxovreba xalxs, iqamde mixvediT, rom balaxis gadasaxadic daaweseT.
`iveriis~ kedels rom uros urtyamdi da pijaki moiTxvare
(q-ni sandra Semecoda), ici Tu ara Sen, rom sastumro `iveria~
mdidarma qveyanam unda daangrios, xolo CvensaviT Raribma da
gaubedurebulma unda SeakeTos, Tanamedrove dizainiT aRWurvos da qveynis samsaxurSi Caayenos.
qarTul enas oficialuri qomagi ar hyavdeso da erTi xelis
mosmiT gaauqmebine avadsaxsenebel lomaias enis palata.
mixeil, 1918 wels saqarTvelo damoukidebel saxelmwifod rom gamocxadda, Tbilisis meriaSi Seiqmna `qarTuli enis
komisia~.
Tu ici ra evaleboda am komisias?
sajaro samsaxurSi (saxelmwifo samsaxuri igulisxmeba)
araqarTvels sanam daniSnavdnen, komisias unda gamoecada.
Tu pirovnebam saxelmwifo ena _ qarTuli ar icoda, uars
eubnebodnen samsaxurSi mowyobaze.
dRes piriqiTaa. swored imas iRebT samsaxurSi, vinc qarTuli sustad icis, an saerTod ar icis.
konspiraciul binaze mcire gasaubreba da morCa _ miRebulia.
Seni da burjanaZis daucxromeli mecadineobiT parlamentis saarCevno kanonSi Setanilia muxli, romlis ZaliTac saqarTvelos parlamentis wevrisTvis aucilebeli ar aris qarTuli enis codna.
370
parlamentis sxdomebi jerjerobiT qarTul enaze mimdinareobs.
ra unda gaigos im sxdomebze, an ra kanonSemoqmedebiT saqmianobaSi unda miiRos monawileoba qarTulis armcodne deputatma? arafers vityvi imaze, rom aRzrdis mTeli sistema, saqarTvelos cxovrebis niri ise moawyveT, erovnuli tradiciebi,
erovnuli cnobiereba rom daviviwyoT.
TbilisSi qarTuli warwerebi dRiTidRe mcirdeba...
saqarTvelo amerikis filiali ar aris, mixeil!
saqarTvelo uaRresad TviTmyofadi, uZvelesi istoriis
mqone saxelmwifoa.
rCeva meTvramete
gamaognebelia Seni damokidebuleba qarTuli saxelovno
wisqvilebis mimarT.
erovnuli xelovnebis bedisadmi aseTi gulgrili xelmZRvaneli saqarTvelos arc erT saukuneSi ar hyoliao, amboben.
arc erT saiubileo saRamos, arc erT SemoqmedebiT benefiss rom ar daswrebixar, vicodi, magram specialurad vikiTxe
da gansacvifrebeli ram miTxres:
Turme Seni prezidentobis periodSi arc erTxel ar yofilxar axmetelis TeatrSi, TeatrSi aTonelze, Tavisufal
TeatrSi, rusTavelisa da vakis Teatralur sardafebSi, samefo
ubnis TeatrSi, verikos TeatrSi, pantomimis TeatrSi... ar daswrebixar qarTuli xalxuri cekvisa da simReris ansamblebis
arc erT koncerts.
rusTavelze mSvenieri folkloris Teatri gaixsna _ fexi
ar Segidgams.
rusTavelisa da marjaniSvilis TeatrebSi xom isedac ar
mixvidodi. es ubrwyinvalesi Teatrebi ori welia `remontis
gamo ar funqcionireben~.
dainteresdi am kuriozul-tragikuli faqtiT, miSiko?
rogor SeiZleba Teatris gaCereba?!
operisa da rusTavelis Teatrebs rom xanZari gauCnda `wyeul komunistur epoqaSi~, speqtaklebi sxva SenobaSi gadaitanes
da Teatrebs erTi dRiTac ar Seuwyvetia muSaoba.
ici, ra dartymaa msaxiobisa da mayureblisTvis wamyvani
Teatris ori wliT gaCereba? Teatri formas kargavs, mayure-
371
belsa da Teatrs Soris aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi gabmuli
Zafi wydeba.
erTi sardafi ar eRirsa qarTuli novelis Teatrs, romelic momTabare cxovrebas eweva. naxevraddangreul SenobaSi,
mtvris buRSi marTavs speqtaklebs pantomimis Teatri.
savalalo dReSia Cveni saamayo istoriuli Zeglebi: awvims
jruWis monasters, kveteras, noqalaqevs, walenjixis monasters,
martvils... SeCerda bagratis taZris aRsadgen-gasamagrebeli
samuSaoebi, yinva-delgma-qaraSoti aCanagebs TiTqmis yvela Cvenamde saswauliT moRweul materialuri kulturis Zegls.
saremonto Tanxis uqonlobis gamo TiTqmis aRar funqcionireben konstantine gamsaxurdias, galaktionis, giorgi
leoniZis, firosmanis, niko lorTqifaniZis, egnate ninoSvilis,
sergo zaqariaZis... saxl-muzeumebi. `saxelmwifo moxeleebs~
gauzarde xelfasi, maswavleblebs da muzeumis TanamSromlebs
_ ara.
romel muzeumzea laparaki, roca Cvenma msoflioSi saxelganTqmulma kinostudiam TiTqmis ukve Sewyvita SemoqmedebiTi
cxovreba, prezidento!
iqneb xalxuri Semoqmedebis romelime ansambls gamouyavi
Seni fondidan oriode groSi, miSa, an iqneb periferiis romelime Teatri waaxalise?
ara da ara!
ai, ase qomagobT Sen da Seni sorosul CiTilSi gamozrdili
kulturis ministri qarTul kulturas. gamodis cxra mTavrobis gayidvaSi SemCneuli mama Cveni kulturis ministrisa,
romelsac yvelaferi SeiZleba ewodos, garda politikosisa da
televiziiT patiosnebaze, obieqturobaze, profesionalizmze
ybedobs.
ar gekadreba Sen, saqarTvelos prezidents, aseTi siyrue
erovnuli xelovnebis gasaWirisadmi.
saqarTvelos umTavresi ganZi xom, upirvelesad, misi xelovnebaa.
rCeva mecxramete
uvicobas ugunureba rom miscems mxars, swored maSinaa cudad saqme.
gafuWebuli gramafoniviT rom imeorebT, esa da es komunis-
372
turi wyobis gadmonaSTiao, swored esaa uvicoba da ugunuroba, orive erTad.
Teatraluri sazogadoeba komunisturi epoqis ki ara, saxelovan TergdaleulTa (ilia, akaki, maCabeli...) `gadmonaSTia~,
miSiko.
mweralTa kavSiri komunistebis mosvlamde, 1917 wels Seiqmna, miSiko, da ufro pirveli damoukidebeli saqarTvelos `gadmonaSTia~ _ gaagebine Sens TvalWkuadabneul kulturis ministrs.
`codna~ wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis `gadmonaSTia~ da swored rom ilia WavWavaZem daudo saTave.
vin aris komunisturi wyobis `memkvidre~ _ Wabua amirejibi
(romelmac 20 weli cixeSi gaatara), Tu me _ revaz miSvelaZe,
mTeli cxovrebis manZilze, Cemi samocive wigniT komunistebs
rom vebrZodi?
ai, Sen ki, miSiko, Sen, Jvaniam da burjanaZem Tqvens norC
asakSi ukve moaswariT komkavSirelobac, moqkavSiris wevrobac
da yvela postkomunistur-nomenklaturul xvrelSi gaZvromgamoZvromac.
saerTod, unda icodeT, rom Tu WeSmariti xelovania, `komunisti~ da `nacionalisti~ xelovani ar arsebobs. TviT avTo
varsimaSvili, romelic Tqvens zeimebs dgams, ar gegonoT, rom
`nacionalisti reJisoria~. igi reJisoria _ morCa da gaTavda.
samwuxarod, nacionalisti xelovanni Tqvenma `revoluciam~
dabada. miitmasneT xelmocaruli telemwerlebi `penmaraTonelTa~ saxiT da farvanasaviT farfateben axla Tqven irgvliv bilwsityva axalgazrda mokalmeni qarTuli mwerlobis
sircxvilad da TavismoWrad.
`gadmonaSTiao~ universitetebi da lomaias msubuqi xeliT
erTbaSad gaacamtvereT.
iqneb, Sen arc ici, ra Caidina lomaiam Seni saxeliT.
erTi xelis mosmiT gadaayenes cnobil erovnul universitetSi yvela reqtori da dekani (rao, arc erTi ar vargoda?).
gaauqmeT aspirantura da maZieblis instituti, mecnierTa
cvlis aRzrda, Turme ivane javaxiSvilis axireba da `gadmonaSaTi~ yofila.
damokles maxvilis qveS daayeneT yvela profesori, docenti, maswavlebeli, asistenti... akrZaleT fasiani swavlebis
studentTaTvis odnavi SeRavaTis micemac ki.
373
ar aris es faSizmi, miSiko?
wels CemTan magistraturas sami saukeTeso axalgazrda amTavrebs. aspiranturaSi mindoda maTi miReba. rogor mirCev,
sad waviyvano?
lomaias Wkuaze dadixar, mixeil? kacisa, romelsac mis sicocxleSi erTi gakveTili ar Cautarebia da erTi leqcia ar
waukiTxavs?
Seni usityvo TanxmobiT `yoCaRma biWebma~ TiTqmis yvela
erovnuli dResaswauli gaauqmes. aRar tardeba `gelaToba~,
`sulTmofenoba~ `iliaoba~, `guramiSviloba~, `akakoba~, `sabaoba~, `bolnisoba~, `nikolaZeoba~, `baxtrionoba~ `didgoroba~,
`garejoba~, `hereToba~, `iakoboba~.
samarcxvino reforma ganicada `Tbilisobam~. igi saxalxo
dResaswaulidan ucxour-tingicuri hangebis sareklamod arenad iqca.
amas winaT, pirvelad gamarTul `martyofobaze~ arc erTi
Seni gundis wevri ar mobrZanda (Sen sad moiclidi, im dRes
mZime uroTi `iveriaze~ migqonda ieriSi).
giorgi saakaZem mainc raRa dagiSava, miSiko?
es yovelive mxolod Sen rom dagabralo, usamarTloba iqneba. bevri ram Seni ukulturo kulturis ministris bralicaa.
naxe Tu ara, ra uzrdelurad, cinikurad esaubreboda brwyinvale reJisors _ giga lorTqifaniZes, Seni goka? SevardnaZe
Sens rCevebs rom iRebda, imitomac wauvida kargad saqmeo...
Senao, marjaniSvilis TeatrisTvis gareSe kaci xaro...
aferum, gigas vaJkacobas, rom moiTmina da ar druza keti
TavSi Tavxed ministrs.
yvelafers rom Tavi gavaneboT, ase unda elaparakos papistola kacs umwifara ministri? ar agaxia yuri mamaSenma, goka,
Sin rom mixvedi?
me, mis adgilas, aucileblad agaxevdi.
fereidanSi rom enad gaikrife prezidento da tanjul qarTvelTa winaSe niangis cremlebi Rvare, ici Tu ara, rom TiTqmis yvela dabrunebuli fereidneli umuSevaria da SimSiliT
sikvdilis safrTxis winaSe dgas?
rom fereidnidan dabrunebuli 30 ojaxidan 20 ukve ukan gabrunda? rom Sens saxelze kviraSi daaxloebiT 3 fereidnelis
werili Sedis kancelariaSi da yvela upasuxod rCeba?
374
gekadreba, mixeil, aseTi siyrue, oTxasi wlis winaT samSoblos mowyvetili da Sah-abasis mier sparseTSi garekili Cveni
gawamebuli gmiri da-Zmebis mimarT?
rCeva meoce
saqarTvelo saerTod Znelad samarTavi qveyanaa, miSiko, da
miT umetes, am uaRresad rTul periodSi.
Sen mzad ar aRmoCndi prezidentobisTvis.
yvelaze cudi is aris, rom Sens saqmianobas qarTveli erisadmi, qarTuli fenomenisadmi siyvaruli ar axlavs Tan.
Sen qarTul erovnul saxelmwifos ar aSeneb; iseT saxelmwifos, sadac, konstantine gamsaxurdias Tqmisa ar iyos,
iqneba qarTuli kulturis dominanti, sadac yvelaferi daemorCileba qarTveli eris _ rogorc saxelmwifos Semqmneli
eris nebas.
Sen qarTulad ar giZgers guli, imitom, rom saerTod qarTuli fenomenis cneba ucnobia SenTvis. Sen im kulturulgenetikuri memkvidreobis nawilad ar Tvli Tavs, rac qarTvel
ers saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi Seuqmnia.
yovelive amis gamo Seni `unapiro~ kosmopolitizmiT (kosmopolitizms kidev `unapiroba~ undoda? r. m.) qarTul saxelmwifos ver aaSeneb.
katastrofulad ecema qveyanaSi dRiTi dRe Seni avtoriteti.
Cans, gimalaven Seni imijis nulze dasvlis dramatul suraTsac.
lupiT gasinjaven am striqonebs da... revaz miSvelaZe Seni
mteri yofilao, getyvian Seni TuTiyuSebi.
Tavidanve giTxari da axla gagimeoreb, rom me Seni mteri
Tundac imitom ver viqnebi, rom Zalian patara xar imisaTvis,
raTa mtrad dagigulo.
SiSiT ki, Seni ki ara, mamali mglis ar meSinia. SiSis grZnoba
aCiko miSvelaZesTan erTad davmarxe.
me, qarTvel mwerals, romelic ukve 65-s gadavSordi, Sengan
araferi minda, garda imisa, rom Wkuas mouxmo da qveyana mwared
ar gaacino.
Seni sasikeTod Semobrunebis imediT gawvdi am rCevebs.
Tumca giTxra simarTle, Seni bolo drois yoveldRiuri
saqcielis Semyure, darwmunebuli ara var Sens keTilgonierebaSi.
375
hoda, daixsome:
Tu ar iswavli Secdomis gamo ukandaxevas;
Tu ar iqnebi momWirne da yairaTiani;
Tu kvlav energiulad ganagrZob qarTuli erovnuli cnobierebis winaaRmdeg brZolas;
Tu fexebze daikideb milionTa gasaWirs da ar izruneb
TiToeuli moqalaqis gamokvebaze;
Tu ar iqnebi lmobieri da mimtevebeli;
Tu ar miiReb, ar mousmen mTxovnelebs, WotiviT SeiyuJebi
kabinetSi da mxolod maSin gamoxval gareT, roca ormocdaaTkaciani amaliT rio-de-JaneiroSi unda gafrinde, an stumar
erTa warmomadgenlebi bairam-navrozobaze dagiZaxeben;
Tu ar Seelevi Sens irgvliv dajarul medroveebs...
gaxsovdes, cudad daamTavreb Sens eiforiul prezidentobas, rac friad sawyeni iqneba CemTvis, xolo Cemi qveynisTvis
friad savalalo.
sxva mxriv mSvidobiT brZandebode.
mokiTxviTa da naxvis natvriT.
revaz miSvelaZe
marti-aprili, 2005 Tbilisi
oTxi saparlamento weli
Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo,
Tqvens werilebSi araerTgzis daisva sakiTxi imis Sesaxeb,
aris Tu ara xelovanis, mwerlis adgili parlamentSi da SeiZleba Tu ara qveynisaTvis sasargeblo aRmoCndes gapolitikosebuli muzaTa msaxuris saqmianoba.
Cveni azri aseTia: Tu mwerali WeSmariti eriskacia, Tu Tavis qveyanaze Sestkiva guli, misi adgili swored iq aris, sadac misi samSoblos bedi wydeba.
Cveni saxelovani mwerali, rusTavelis premiis laureati
revaz miSvelaZe swored im sazogado moRvaweTa Soris gveguleba, romelTa sityvasac, diaRac, rom saqveyno fasi da
mniSvneloba aqvs.
376
parlamentis plenarul sxdomebze oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi
(1999 wlis 1 noembridan 2003 wlis 1 noembramde) baton revaz
miSvelaZis gamosvlaTa gamoqveyneba pasuxs gascems kiTxvas _ iyo
Tu ara sasargeblo qveynisTvis mwerlis yofna parlamentSi.
redaqtori
26 noemberi, 1999 w.
batonebo,
oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos Tvali mipyrobili
iqneba am darbazisaken. Cvens yovel sityvas, am maRali tribunidan naTqvams, aTasebi moismenen.
diax, oTxi wliT CavibareT Cven saqarTvelos Svelis, gadarCenis saqme da vinZlo Tavi ar SevircxvinoT.
erma Tavisi bedi mogvando da ara gvaqvs ufleba imedi gavumtyunoT, gavawbiloT.
gulwrfelad getyviT, meCoTireba parlamentis dayofa
umravlesobad da umciresobad, poziciad da opoziciad.
saqarTvelos mZime xvedrma am darbazSi mainc gagvaerTianos.
ukan darCa arCevnebis cieb-cxeleba.
saarCevno bagiris gadaqaCvis dros, saarCevno maraTonis
oromtrialSi araerTi ukadrisi sityva akadres erTmaneTs
blokebma da partiebma.
axla, roca vnebebi Cacxra, dabejiTebiT mogiwodebT, parlaments gareT davtovoT wyena-pwkenani da erTmaneTs Tvali
gavusworoT, xeli mivceT erTmaneTs rogorc eris saxelmwifos kanonmdebelT, qveynis WirisufalT SeeferebaT.
Tu kinklaoba aqac gavagrZeleT, Cveni mTavari saqme ganze
migvrCeba da roca ilajgawyvetili, moTminebis fialaavsebuli amomrCeveli joxiT xelSi im maRal karebSi gamoCndeba,
igi aRar ikiTxavs, vin ra partiuli doqtrinis da ra poziciis
mimdevaria, yvelas erTad gadagvisvris istoriis lafaroSi
da marTalic iqneba.
keTilma nebam, erTmaneTis gagebis, gonieri gansjis survilma erT muStad unda Segvkras saqarTvelos xsnis Znelbed
gzaze.
saqarTvelos gadarCena xom Cveni uzenaesi survilia da
377
minda mjerodes, rom am darbazSi axla ar zis arc erTi qveynis daqceva-gaCanagebis mosurne.
sufTa xelebiT da sufTa guliT SevudgeT saqmes, batonebo.
8 dekemberi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
Cven agvirCies parlamentis wevrebad gaWirvebulma, gaubedurebulma, naxevradmSierma adamianebma da imedi aqvT rom
imedebs ar gavumtyunebT.
ai, meoTxe sxdomas veswrebi parlamentisas da gulaxdilad
unda giTxraT, rom jerjerobiT Cvens saqmianobas xalxisTvis
sasikeTo piri ar uCans.
ra facifucia, ra qiCmaCia, ra ambiciuri gasvla-gamosvlaa
Tanamdebobis dasanawileblad.
nuTu parlamentis wevroba araa umaRlesi statusi eris
saSvelad mowodebuli pirovnebisTvis da am umaRles rangsac
parlamenturi Tanamdebobebis Sebijgeba sWirdeba?
jer iyo da parlamentis Tavmjdomaris moadgileobisaTvis
doRi gaimarTa. nuTu ggoniaT, didi mniSvneloba aqvs saqarTvelosTvis ramdeni kaci gamwkrivdeba Jvanias gaswvriv? raSi
sWirdeba parlamentis Tavmjdomares xuTi moadgile _ erTi
ar eyofa?
axla gauTaveblad vkamaTobT imaze, ramdeni komiteti unda
muSaobdes parlamentSi. Teqvsmeti komiteti, batonebo, gana
imis mimaniSnebeli ar aris, rom Cvenma kolega-parlamentarebma ambiciebi daikmayofilon? vikiTxe da miTxres _ inglisis
parlamentSi mxolod Svidi komitetiao.
warmoidgineT Teqvsmeti komiteti, ori amdeni qvekomiteti,
axla fraqciaTa Tavmjdomareebi da maTi moadgileebi. nuTu
biurokratiuli aparatis gabervis magaliTs unda aZlevdes
parlamenti saqarTvelos? saidan movida es Tanamdebobrivi
mglis mada? amdeni gaCinovnikebuli parlamentaris Senaxva
xom umZimes tvirTad daawveba isedac gaZvaltyavebul saqarTvelos?
ra saWiroa `dargobrivi ekonomikis komiteti~ calke da
`ekonomikuri politikis komiteti~ calke? ra ekonomikuri
378
politika gvaqvs aseTi rom calke komiteti gamovyoT? xom ar
ajobebs gavaerTianoT orive ekonomikis komitetad?
ras hqvia `mTiani regionebisa da gansaxlebis komiteti?~
Tu mTiani regionebis komitets calke SevqmniT, ratom ar
unda iyos `baris regionebis komiteti?~ SeiZleba ase dawiwilaqeba reliefis mixedviT?
elementarul kritikas ver uZlebs aramarto komitetTa
paraleluri funqciebis xelovnurad gamogoneba, aramed maTi
saxelwodebebis enobriv-terminologiuri mxarec:
naxeT, ra grZeli saxelwodeba aqvs erT komitets: `adamianis uflebaTa dacvis, moqalaqeTa peticiebisa da samoqalaqo
sazogadoebis mSeneblobis komiteti~. rao, `adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komiteti~ ar ikmarebda? an `iuridiul sakiTxTa,
kanonierebisa da administraciul reformebis komitetis~ da
`saproceduro sakiTxTa da wesebis komitetis~ erT komitetad gaerTianeba ar SeiZleba?
erTi gamagebineT, vin igonebs komitetTa am grZel Tavsamtvrev dasaxelebebs.
`erovnul urTierTobaTa da samoqalaqo integraciis
komiteti~ gvauwyebs proeqti.
romel erovnul urTierTobebzea laparaki? Tqven xom
1998 wlis 14 oqtombris kanoniT gaauqmeT erovnebebi saqarTveloSi. saqarTvelos moqalaqes xom arc erT sabuTSi
erovneba ar uweria. rao, sindisma SegawuxaT da moisakliseT
erovneba? anda `samoqalaqo integracia~ raRa ubedurebaa?
SeiZleba ekonomikuri, agraruli, sabazro integracia, magram
moqalaqeTa integracia rogor SeiZleba?
es xom ukve iyo avadsaxsenebeli imperiis dros da xom samarcxvino kraxiT damTavrda? axla Tavidan daiwyeT erovnebaTa waSla, batonebo?
anda ra saWiroa ase pompezurad komitetis Tavmjdomareeobis Tqveneul kandidatTa daxasiaTeba?
Tqven xom mtkiced gaqvT gadawyvetili yvela Tavmjdomare
mxolod moqalaqeTa kavSiris wevri iyos.
umciresoba xom survilis SemTxvevaSic Tqvens gadawyve­
tilebaze veraviTar gavlenas ver moaxdens. maS ra saWiroa es
Teatraluri wardgena-daxasiaTebani?
siiT uyareT kenWi da morCiT saqmes.
379
16 dekemberi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
mraval sircxvilTagan Tanamedrove saqarTvelos rom damarTa parlamentma Tavisi umi kanonebiT, erT-erTi is gaxlavT, rom
saqarTvelo dRes uerovnebo, erovnebagauqmebuli saxel­mwifoa.
araerTgzis miTqvams rom amiT xelisuflebam Caidina
miutevebeli danaSauli saqarTvelos winaSe.
ar arsebobs dedamiwaze meore saxelmwifo, sadac moqalaqes
pasportSi ar eweros erovneba (`neiSenaliti~ _ inglisurad an
`nasionalite~ _ frangulad) Tu germanul pasportSi sweria
`StaatsangehorigkaiT~ iqve frCxilebSi sweria, rom es niSnavs
erovnebas anu `nasionalites~.
Cveni parlamenti ufro Sors wavida; 1998 wlis 14 oqtombris kanoniT man erovnebis aRmniSvneli grafa amoiRo
dabadebis mowmobidan da piradobis mowmobidanac.
amrigad, 1999 wlis 15 ianvridan (rac prezidentma am kanons
xeli moawera) saqarTveloSi ibadebian uerovnebo bavSvebi.
am vaikanoniT saqarTvelos parlamentma qarTvel ers daukarga iuridiuli da moraluri ufleba iwodebodes avtoqtonur, ZiriTad erad Tavis saxelmwifoSi.
1999 wlis 29 ianvars saqarTvelos prezidentma erovnuli
Zalebis zemoqmedebiT aRiara, rom zemoT aRniSnuli kanonis
mimarT sazogadoebis garkveulma nawilma mkveTrad uaryofiTi damokidebuleba gamoxata da parlamentSi gamogzavna axali kanonproeqti, romlis ZaliTac dabadebis mowmobaSi aRdgenil iqneba erovnulobis grafa.
parlamentis xelmZRvanelTa sruliad gaugebari mecadineobiT dRemde prezidentis mier Semotanili es kanonproeqti
damalulia da parlamentis samsjavroze ar aris gamotanili.
movuwodeb parlamentis biuros parlamentis uaxles sxdomaze gegmaSi Seitanos da dasamtkiceblad gamoitanos prezidentis mier Semotanili kanonproeqti, raTa samarcxvino laqa
nawilobriv mainc CamovwmindoT saqarTvelos parlaments da
miviRoT kanoni, romelic saqarTveloSi erovnebas ar daasamarebs da erTa aTqvefa-amRvrevis ZvelTaZvel, damRupvelurakosmopolitur wisqvilze ar daasxams wyals.
gmadlobT yuradRebisaTvis.
380
10 Tebervali, 2000 w.
batonebo,
prezidenti Tavis saangariSo moxsenebaSi JurnalistTa
profesionalizmze saubrobda.
profesionalizmi erTnairad exeba opoziciasac da poziciasac.
sakamaTo ar gaxlavT is garemoeba, rom dRes, roca wigni
Cveni gaRaribebuli mosaxleobisaTvis TiTqmis xelmiuwvdomelia da gazeTic misi mcire tiraJis gamo ver xvdeba mkiTxvelTa umravlesobis xelSi, sazogadoebrivi azris formireba
ZiriTadad televiziis saSualebiT xdeba.
marTalia saqarTvelos televiziis pirveli arxi am bolo
dros sagrZnoblad, sasikeTod Seicvala, gaumjobesda teqnikuri aRWurviloba da ekranze gamoCnda ramdenime axali
rubrika Tu gadacema, magram, albaT dameTanxmebiT, rom igi
jer kidev Sors dgas srulyofisagan. jer kidev ara iSviaTad
vxedavT da vismenT aSkarad sust gadacemebs, gulubryvilo
`filosofiur~ msjelobebs, familiarul, uxerxulad Tamam
kiTxva-pasuxebs...
kerZod:
televiziis pirvel arxze TiTqmis ar WaWanebs opoziciuri azri, arada nuTu vinme fiqrobs, rom qveyana daiqceva Tu
xelisuflebis sawinaaRmdego azrs gavigonebT cisferi ekranidan, sanam unda iyos opoziciisaTvis `komunisturad SeuRwevadi~ Cveni televizia? ar msurs meTodi gikarnaxoT, magram
xom faqtia, rom profesionali teleJurnalisti Tu opozicioners aTqmevinebs sityvas, iqve iseT ganmartebas miscems
an iseT mosazrebas daupirispirebs, rom ostaturad gaabaTilebs opoziciur azrs. profesionalizmis deficits ganicdis
Cveni televizia da amitomac eSinia gansxvavebuli azris.
televiziis pirvel arxze erT-erT gadacemas `a talanti~
hqvia.
programis wamyvani ise imanWeba da igrixeba, rom aSkarad
Cans, igi dascinis redaqciaSi fanduriT xelSi mosul momRerals da Tavisi pirveli leqsebiT mayurebelTa winaSe gamosul poets.
381
ra aris es? ras emsaxureba es gadacema? vin misca ufleba
wamyvans uniWo grimasebiT dascinos moqalaqes, romelic farTo mayureblis winaSe Tavis gamoCena gadawyvita?
mere ra rom saSualo an Tundac saSualoze dabali niWis
mqone xelovanis namuSevari Sors dgas srulyofisagan. icis ki
maTze aranakleb uniWo Cvenma konferansie-msaxiobma ra kargi
mayureblebi da ra Tavgadakluli mkiTxvelebi arian swored
xelovnebas adevnebuli is uangaro adamianebi?
ucnauria televiziis xelmZRvanelobis pozicia daupirispirdnen qarTul mwerlobas. xom yvelani kargad vxedavT,
rom WeSmariti mwerali gaqra teleekranidan, iSviaTze iSviaTi gaxda literaturul-dramatuli gadacemebi, samagierod
sakmarisia Tqva ilia WavWavaZe ar momwons an akaki wereTeli
mdare, zedapiruli poetiao, rom gulSi CagixutebT televizia da Seni umwifari filosofiiT `mjera ar mjeras~ motivebze
ekrans gaajerebs.
qarTvel klasikosTa gmobas televiziis pirveli arxidan
lamis sistematuri xasiaTi mieca. amas winaT vinme SaTiriSvili Cvenda savalalod, seriozulad auwyebda telemayurebels
_ xalxno, ra dros vaJa-fSavelaao. xom azrze xarT, klintoni
rom gamovides da edgar pos citatebiT daiwyos saubario.
rogor avuxsna axla me im umwifar ymawvils, rom klintons
edgar pos citireba swored rom daamSvenebda da Rirsebas
Sehmatebda msmenelis TvalSi.
qveyana mowyenilia, mSieria, gabrazebulia da am dros, swored
15 Tebervals, Jurnalisti gogona kdemagamoSvebiT ekiTxeba
parlamentis wevrs: nabaxusevze qali gindebaT Tu arao?
rao, dasciniT saqarTvelos pirveli arxis pativcemulo
Jurnalistebo?
22 Tebervali, 2000 w.
batonebo,
me ar minda Cemi gamosvlebi parlamentSi ZaRlis yefis da
qaravanis svlis alegoriad darCes.
Tu maRalfardovnebaSi ar CamomarTmevT, me aq movedi imisaTvis rom gaWirvebul, gaubedurebul Cems xalxs rogorc
382
SemiZlia, ise davexmaro, istoriis mZime xvedri Sevumsubuqo,
imedi da rwmena davubruno.
arc ise sawyali kaci var, oTxi weli am mikrofonTan
`gamoRmiT me var gaRmiT Sen~ vimRero da CemTan saTxovriT
mosul, axla parlamentis saparado SemosasvlelTan momlodine Cems moimede moqalaqes gasvlisas morcxvad Sevagebo, ra
vqna Zmao, me vTqvi, magram umravlesobam ar gaakeTa-meTqi~.
erTi sityviT mtkiced maqvs gadawyvetili, rasac vityvi
bolomde miviyvano, Tqveni keTili nebiT, rasakvirvelia.
am erTi kviris winaT, Tu gaxsovT mogaxseneT, rom CemTan
iyo omisa da Sromis veteranTa delegacia, romelTa samarTliani saCivari Seexeboda maTTvis gazis, transportisa da
eleqtroenergiis gadasaxadze 1996 wlis parlamentis dadgenilebiT miRebuli SeRavaTebis gauqmebas.
es didi usamarTlobaa, batonebo. gana ramdeni omis
monawile da maTTan gaTanabrebuli veterani dagvrCa cocxalTa Soris rom Cveni mouzomavi bolomde auwonav-gaucnobierebeli dadgenilebiT maT sibere gavumwaroT?
marTalia usaxsro, gaZvaltyavebuli qveyana varT, magram
mTlad ise gaubedurebulic ar unda viyoT, rom sami-oTxiode
moxucisa da davrdomilisTvis warTmeuli SeRavaTebis xarjze gavamdidroT Cveni xazina.
Cvens fskerze dasvlas da ukapeikobas gansakuTrebiT im
qveyanaSi ar dagvijereben, sadac askaciani amaliT mivdivarT
xolme stumrad, an rac albaT ufro aucilebelia locvis
aRsavlenad.
visac parlamentis wevrTagan am dReebSi vesaubre da axla
am darbazs rom movavle Tvali, Tqveni CaTvliT batono Tavmjdomarev, aq Cemi varaudiT aravin aris imis momxre, rom omisa
da Sromis veteranebs saarsebo lukma-SeRavaTebi gamovRlitoT, miT umetes rom am gziT naSovni fuli saxelmwifo xazinas maincdamainc ver gaamdidrebs.
uaRresad nasiamovnebi davrCi, roca guSin saqarTvelos
prezidentma saqveynod ganacxada. omisa da Sromis veteranebisaTvis gazis, transportis da eleqtroenergiis safasurze
SeRavaTebis gauqmeba arasworad mimaCnia da es dadgenileba
saswrafod unda gauqmdeso.
383
maS, ra gviSlis xels, batono Tavmjdomarev? gana umaRlesi sakanonmdeblo organo ar varT? da gana cota migviRia
saCoTiro da meore dRes gasasworeb-Casasworebeli kanoni?
SevitanoT dRis wesrigSi da gadavwyvitoT. amiT xom mcire
SeRavaTs mivcemT uaRresad pativsacem, amagdar pirTa mrume
cxovrebas.
amasTan dakavSirebiT erTi mcire `saparlamento eSmakobazec~ unda giTxraT oriode sityva.
yoveli sesiis dawyebis win dagvirigeben xolme dRis wesrigs da misaRebi an Sesasworebeli kanonproeqtis nusxas.
axali kanonproeqti gvauwyebs daaxloebiT ase:
ama da am wels miRebuli ama da am kanonSi cvlilebebisa da
damatebebis Sesaxeb. kerZod me-5 paragrafSi qvemodan meore
striqonSi daematos `da sxva analogiur uwyebebSi~ an me-7
striqonSi, sadac sweria `unda ganxorcieldes~ win daematos
nawilaki `ar~.
gumaniT vxvdebiT, rom Camateba _ `ar~ viTarebas Tavidan
bolomde cvlis, magram raki mTlianad kanoni xelT ara gvaqvs,
albaT uSualo specialistebma ufro meti iciano, vityviT Cven
da dumils vamjobinebT an, uares SemTxvevaSi, `winaaRmdeg-s~
vaZlevT. riTac, rogorc praqtikam daadastura, mdgomareoba
ar icvleba da kanonproeqti mainc miiReba xolme.
me kargad vici, rom Zvirfas qaRaldze dabeWdili proeqtTa da SesworebaTa mTeli dasta bavSvebisTvis daubeWdavi dedaenis xarjze modis, magram iqneb sxva dros mogvawodoT xolme Sesworebis Semdeg ra saxes miiRebs mTlianad
kanonproeqti, raTa msgavsi Secdomebisgan dazRveuli aRmovCndeT.
gmadlobT yuradRebisaTvis.
batonebo,
me kargad mesmis, rom Raribi qveyana varT da Cveni biujetic gaWirvebis biujetia.
isic vici, sabani ramxelazec gagwvdeba, fexic imodenaze
rom unda gaWimo, magram moraluri ufleba ara maqvs adami-
anTa erT, dResdReobiT saqarTveloSi socialurad yvelaze
metad daucvel fenas ar mivapyro Tqveni yuradReba.
mwerlebze, mwerlobaze mogaxsenebT.
mTeli pasuxismgeblobiT garwmunebT, rom Cven eris bedze
Rrmad Cafiqrebul da misi arsebobis gagrZelebisTvis civ
magidasTan kalammomarjvebul, paltomoxurul WirisufalT
gverdze Cagviara sabazro ekonomikis Tu privatizaciis Cqarma matarebelma.
TiTqosda cxovrebis, viTarebis arcTu cudad mcodneni
praqtikul-biznesuri moRvaweobisTvis mzad ar aRmovCndiT.
saqarTveloSi jer kidev mfeTqav 50 mwerlidan Tqven erTsac ver damisaxelebT, rom sakuTari qarxana-warmoeba, firmakompania an Tundac sicocxlisaTvis aucilebel saxsrad erTi
maRazia-jixuri hqondes.
icodes RmerTma, Cven wuwuni ar gvCvevia.
kargad gvesmis, rom mweralic ise unda cxovrobdes, rogorc misi qveyana cxovrobs.
da mainc vbedav da Tqven winaSe qarTvel mweralTa fizikuri gadarCenis problemas vayeneb.
mwerlebi ukidures ekonomikur siduxWireSi Cavardnen.
ar arsebobs honorari, gaWirda wignis gamocema, xelnaweris kompiuterze awyobis ki ara, ubralod saweri qaRaldis
SeZenis saSualebac ara gvaqvs.
`xelovanTa gadarCenis~ lozungi lozungad darCa.
SarSan mweralTa kavSiris Tavmjdomaris rudunebiT da
saqarTvelos prezidentis mxardaWeriT mwerlebs daeniSnaT e.
w. transferi (moduri sityvaa), stipendia, Tu yovelTviuri
daxmareba 25 laris raodenobiT.
or TveSi esec Segviwyvites. TiTqosda Jangbadis baliSis
onkani gadagviketes.
midga-modga Tamaz wivwivaZe da saswaulebrivad, Tavisi
biWoba-avtoritetiT or Tves kidev gagvatanina Tavi, magram
meti veRar SeZlo.
axlac amaod arbis da Camorbis sponsorTa kibeebze qarTveli mwerlebisTvis, Tavis amqrisTvis es Tavgadakluli kaci.
batono prezidento, batono parlamentis Tavmjdomarev.
batono finansTa ministro aTasze meti wlis winandel qa-
384
25. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
23 Tebervali, 2000 w.
385
rTveli mwerlis sityvebiT mogmarTavT: `momapyareniT ege
sasmenelni... da maspinZel eqmeniT sityvaTa CemTa~.
Cem ukan 500 qarTveli mwerali da 50 ltolvili mwerali
dgas.
iqneb Cveuli gulisxmierebiT movekidoT maTs sves?
Tu ras akeTeben isini qveynisTvis sasargeblos da aucilebels, TqvenTan, vfiqrob, amis mtkiceba ar damWirdeba.
damerwmuneT, isini iseTi amayebi arian, rom peticiebiT
kars ar agitalaxeben da demonstraciebs ar gamarTaven.
arc ki vici, momiwoneben Tu ara am Txovna-gamosvlas.
da mainc dabejiTebiT mogiwodebT, erTxel kidev CavxedoT
biujetis proeqts da mweralTa kavSirisaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli subsidiebi imdenad mainc gavzardoT, rom TiToeuli mwerlisTvis 25-30 laris darigeba mainc SevZloT.
SeuZlebels da gaugonars arafers gTxovT:
msoflios uamrav civilizebul qveyanaSi (safrangeTi, inglisi, Sveicaria, dania, norvegia, SvedeTi...) mwerlebs saxelmwifo stipendiis saxiT yovelTviurad friad solidur Tanxas
urigebs.
24 Tebervali, 2000 w.
batonebo,
kanonproeqtSi romelic dRes unda davamtkicoT, aRniSnulia, rom TanamdebobaTa nusxaSi unda SevitanoT `umravlesobis lideri~ da `umciresobis lideri~.
SeiZleba xma ar amomeRo am garemoebaze, rom Cvens sakanonmdeblo aqtebsa da dadgenilebebSi ver vamCnevde erT saSiS
tendencias _ sruliad gaugebar gatacebas ucxouri terminologiiT.
ra dagviSava qarTulma enam aseTi, rom igi fexqveS unda gavugoT yvela kosmopolitikur sakanonmdeblo-saparlamento
instituts da rakiRa evrosabWoSi SevyaviT Tavi, evropuli
terminologiis ucxouri qurqi Zalad movaxvioT beWebze am
Cvens mravaltanjul enas?
aRaras vambob imaze, rom komitetebis mier Semotanili
kanonproeqtebi (mere isini kanonebad mtkicdeba) elementa-
386
rul kritikas ver uZlebs, gavsebulia enobrivi `kalkebiT~ da
barbarizmebiT.
sruli gamarTuloba, rogorc Cans, kidev didxans iqneba fufuneba Cvens parlamentSi, magram enis tradiciis da
erovnulobis pativiscemas mainc raRa udgas win?
rogorc iqna warsuls CavabareT `parlamentis spikerobis~,
`vice-spikerobis~ da `prefeqtura-prefeqtobis~ mankieri
terminologia da ai, dRes `lideris~ axali termini Segvaqvs
Cvens Tanamdebobriv nusxaSi.
`lideri~, rogorc vici, iuridiuli Tanamdeboba ar aris.
lideri romelime jgufis an mimdinareobis centrSi mdgoms
niSnavs da mis Sesatyvisad qarTuls uamravi termini aqvs _
`Tavmjdomare~, `Tavkaci~, `winamZRoli~, `meTauri~ da a. S.
iqneb ajobebda am terminTagan erTaderTi SegverCia da
axal TanamdebobaTa nusxa `umravlesobis winamZRolis~, `umciresobis meTauris~, `umravlesobis Tavmjdomaris~ an `umciresobis Tavkacis~ wodebebiT gagvemdidrebina?
iqneb enis qvekomitetma da terminologiis komisiam
sxva dros ufro Wkuadamjdarad, seriozulad imsjelos am
sakiTxebze?
gana parlamentma qarTuli enis dacvis magaliTi upirvelesad TviT ar unda misces qveyanas?
9 marti, 2000 w.
batonebo,
unda daviwyo gigi wereTlis savicespikero debiutis mowonebiT. guSin axalarCeul gigi wereTels mouwia urTulesi
sxdomis warmarTva. biujetis damtkiceba da masTan dakavSirebuli vnebaTa-Relvani, mogexsenebaT gigi wereTelma taqtianad-obieqturad warmarTa sxdoma.
axla rac Seexeba kamaTs biujetis garSemo. me araerTxel momwonebia axalgazrda parlamentaris giorgi baramiZis
gamosvla, guSinac man droulad wamoWra Tbilisis dafinansebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi, magram ver movuwoneb mweralTa kavSiris dafinansebis winaaRmdeg galaSqrebas.
341 aTasi laria subsidiad da transferad gaTvaliswineb-
387
uli saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSirisaTvis. es imas niSnavs, rom
mweralTa kavSiris TiToeuli wevri TveSi miiRebs 25 lars.
ocdaxuTi lariT rom wigns ver gamoscem da manqanas ver iyidi, giorgi baramiZes kargad unda moexsenebodes.
laparakia Savi puris fulze. vTqvaT, araviTari damsaxureba
qarTvel mwerals ara aqvs Cveni eris gadarCenisaTvis brZolaSi, Tundac humanuri poziciidan varT Tu ara valdebuli 400,
baramiZisTvis sruliad ucnobi, mwerali SimSiliT sikvdils
gadavarCinoT? ra saocari dro dagvidga. rigiTi qarTveli mwerlis ki ara, giorgi baramiZis Taobis zogi warmomadgenlisTvis ilia WavWavaZis niWiereba-uniWobis da `oTaraanT qvrivis~
avtoris damsaxurebis ganmartebac gvixdeba zogjer.
mwerali xom arsad muSaobs da araviTari e. w. damatebiT
Semosavali ara aqvs.
me xelTa maqvs cnobebi, rom safrangeTSi, norvegiaSi, SvedeTSi, germaniaSi da araerT sxva qveyanaSi mwerlebs swored
saxelmwifosgan aqvT daniSnuli friad soliduri stipendiebi.
warmoidgineT erTi wuTiT, rom giorgi baramiZe iyos finansTa ministri daviT onofriSvilis adgilze. Turme ra
siamovnebiT gaswiravda igi SimSiliT sikvdilisaTvis ana kalandaZes da SoTa niSnianiZes. ubralod dasanania, rom axalgazrda niWieri kaci Tavis did karieras, rac darwmunebuli
var, win elodeba, qarTveli mwerlebis umravlesobis ignorirebiT iwyebs.
meore; mogexsenebaT axal biujetSi aWaris transferi
Semcirda 1,5 milioni lariT. aWara rom ubralo regioni ar
aris da rom avtonomiuri respublikaa amaze araerTgzis iTqva, magram CemTvis sruliad gaugebaria, ratom wamohkraven
xolme xels wamdauwum aWaris avtonomiur respublikas? nu
aRmovCndebiT gaRma-gamoRma batonebo. ar gvekadreba Cven es.
obieqturi saarCevno kanoni damerwmuneT `aRorZinebas~ isev
TqvenTvis unda. davamTavroT urTierTqiSpi da gaumarTlebeli, uazro Rrena mTeli saqarTvelos dasanaxad.
ratom aris umravlesobis zogi aqtivisti ase erTgulad
SevardnaZis winaaRmdegi. maSin, roca prezidenti ocdamesamed
Cadis baTumSi da situaciis daregulirebas, dapirispirebis
388
aRmofxvras cdilobs, Tqven ratomRa aRmoCndebiT xolme romis papze ufro meti kaTolikeni?
sityva ver amouRia `umciresobis~ zog wevrs maSinve rom
ar wamoaZaxon, Sen Sens aWaras mixedeo.
ra xdeba megobrebo? vin CagabaraT Tqven danarCeni saqarTvelo, an Cven vin gagvamwesa aWaris `apekunebad?~
nuTu vinme Tvlis, rom parlamentSi Cveni mosvliT vinmem
CamogvarTva sruliad saqarTvelos gulSematkivrobis ufleba da lokaluri regioni mogvizoma?
21 marti, 2000 w.
batonebo,
valdebulad vracx Tavs Tqveni da mTeli saqarTvelos yuradReba mivapyro erT garemoebas:
bolo xuTi wlis manZilze mimdinareobs globaluri Seteva qarTul erovnul cnobierebaze.
yuradRebas ar mivaqcevdi calkeul faqtebs, rom erovnulobis winaaRmdeg am brZolas gegmazomieri, mizanmimarTuli
saxe ar miscemoda.
ilia WavWavaZem rom sami uZvirfasesi ganZis `enis, mamulis
da sarwmunoebis~ dacva gvianderZa swored. es wmidaTawminda
ram iqca samizned saqarTvelos upirvelesi mtrebisaTvis da
lamis Weri Tavs dagvaqcion.
kerZod; mamuli ukve wagvarTves. saqarTvelos mesamedi
teritoriaRa dagvrCa imis Semdeg, rac afxazeTs da samaCablos rusi daepatrona.
sarwmunoebas Cveni erovnulobis uryev cixesimagres,
rjulTan gaigivebul qristianul religias marTlmadideblobas ieRovelebi Semousies da erovnul-saxelmwifoebrivi
simtkicis dasarRvevad mowodebul am seqtebs kanonis fari
ufares _ registraciaSi gaatares. kbilebiT icaven am seqtebs
umwifari ymawvilebi Tavisuflebis institutidan da rac
ufro savalaloa Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis sociologiis kaTedris gamge eduard koduac.
darCa mesame samizne Cveni ena. kargad mogexsenebaT qar-
389
Tuli enis Seryvnis grandiozuli masStabebi abra-reklamebis
jvarosnuli laSqrobisa.
aris kidev erTi, umTavresi simagre Cveni erovnulobis
SenarCunebisa _ qarTuli mwerloba.
swored eris sulier mebairaxtres, eris sulier winamZRols _ mwerlobas Seuties am bolo dros gansakuTrebuli
gamZafrebiT.
jer iyo da sajaro biblioTekis direqtorma levan berZeniSvilma mecxramete saukunis saqarTvelos sulieri mamebi
_ ilia WavWavaZe da akaki wereTeli uniWo poetebad gamoacxada...
am samiode dRis win, 16 marts, swored galaktionis gardacvalebis wina dRes `rusTavi-2~-is eTerSi `gaibrwyina~ `poetma yubaneiSvilma~.
saqarTveloSi poetebi saerTod ar gvyolia, Cven gvyavda
banZebio (?!).
galaktion tabiZe sofleli biWi gaxldaT, fernando pasoas xom ver Sevadarebo...
rac Seexeba nikoloz baraTaSvils, igi ubralod cudi poetiao.
maS ase, or uniWo poets ilias da akakis kidev ori uniWo
galaktioni da nikoloz baraTaSvili miemata.
kote yubaneiSvili aq ra saxsenebelia, me `rusTavi-2~-is
diqtorTa kmayofilma, gaRimebulma saxeebma gamaoca.
arc erT maTgans protestis niSnad warbic ar Seukravs.
ai, rogor uxednian yurs qarTvel kacs. ai, rogor aufasureben Cvens erovnul saganZurs.
neba momeciT, amasTan dakavSirebiT gagacnoT saqarTvelos
mweralTa kavSiris gancxadeba:
`saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiris samdivno gamoTqvams
Tavis gulistkivilsa da SeSfoTebas satelevizio arxis
`rusTavi-2~-is bolodroindeli, aSkarad mizandasaxuli
saqmianobis gamo, romelic Cveni Rrma rwmeniT qarTuli
mwer­lobisa da amdenad saerTod qarTuli kulturis winaaRmdegaa mimarTuli~.
isic damafiqrebelia, dRevandel viTarebaSi, Tu vis unda
aZlevdes xels Cveni erovnuli Rirsebis damcireba.
390
23 marti, 2000 w.
batonebo,
Cven saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi, mogexsenebaT, dapyrobili
qveyana viyaviT, saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrioba Sewyvetili
iyo.
ocnebis miRma darCa daviT aRmaSeneblisdroindeli saqarTvelo. nikofsiidan darubandamde ki ara, aTi wlis winaT
rom gvqonda imis mesamedi saqarTvelo aRar SegvrCa.
gamesamedda saqarTvelos teritoria. Sagrenis tyaviviT
dailia Cvens Tvalwin.
saswaulebrivad rom SevinarCuneT, im miwas mainc nu gavaniavebT.
ukanasknel wlebSi saqarTvelos parlamentma miwasTan dakavSirebuli araerTi naCqarevi kanoni miiRo.
zar-zeimiT davarigeT miwebi sakuTrebad da glexi RvTis
anabara davtoveT marCenal miwasTan. oriode weli ucqira
sasowarkveTilma glexma mSobliur zecas, magram raki jerjerobiT zecidan ar cviva miwis dasamuSaveblad saWiro saxsrebi, bunebrivia, glexs imedi gadaewura da Tavis sarCenad
miwis kapikepad gayidvas mihyo xeli.
Cven dRes saerTaSoriso samarTlis subieqti varT da axla
rom miwa gaiyideba, imas aTas wels veRar daibruneb.
ara da miwa martooden Cven, am Taobas, rodi gvekuTvnis,
saqarTvelos miwa ekuTvnis Cvens SvilTaSvilebsac da nu CavidenT codvas, nu gavuyidiT miwas xvalindel saqarTvelos.
mowyaled darigebuli 30 litri sawvaviT, rom miwis damuSaveba ar SeiZleba, Tqven kargad mogexsenebaT.
miwis kadastrisa da registraciis saqmeSi germaniis ase guluxvad Careva CemSi badebs eWvs marTla Cven mimarT germaniis
mier gamoCenili `unapiro sikeTis~ Sedegia es yovelive, Tu
sxva, sxvis miwaze xelis moTbobis safuZvelic aqvs?
rogori iqneba Tqveni moduri terminologiiT rom vikiTxo,
`ukugeba~ miwis patronisTvis am kanonis miRebis Semdeg?
glexi gaRonierdeba? ar Cauvardeba igi kraviviT xelSi
ucxoel investors? xom ar gagrZeldeba Zveleburad Cvens
bankebSi lamis dakanonebuli _ Tu sesxi ginda 30% unda datovo.
gTxovT `asjer gazome, erTxel gaWeris~ andaza gavixsenoT, batonebo.
391
26 aprili, 2000 w.
(Sexvedra saqarTvelos parlamentis bagratovanTa darbazSi euTos saparlamento ansambleis prezidentTan helen deilTan)
qalbatono saparlamento asableis prezidento,
batonebo,
neba momeciT madloba mogaxsenoT, rom saqarTveloSi
yofnis mcire drois ganmavlobaSi SesZeliT gacnobodiT
Cveni qveynis problemebs (rac aisaxa Tqvens mokle, magram
Rrmadgaazrebul gamosvlaSi) da gamonaxeT dro SexvedrodiT
saparlamento umciresobas.
Tqven araerTgzis gausviT xazi, rom `daafiqsireT~ arCevnebis Sedegebi, `daafiqsireT~ saqarTveloSi amJamad arsebuli
politikuri situacia... magram unda mogaxsenoT, rom `euTos~
moRvaweoba saqarTveloSi `dafiqsirebas~ ar scildeba.
`dafiqsirebac~ kargi ram aris, magram unda mogaxsenoT,
rom saqarTveloSi amJamad ufro mZime mdgomareobaa, vidre
Camosul stumars SeiZleba moeCvenos.
Tqven bevr rames ver SeamCnevdiT _ Tqveni `damfiqsirebeli~ fxizeli TvaliT da ufro mets rasme ar getyodnen Tqven
irgvliv moriale `gulTbili~ maspinZlebi.
Tqven ar getyodnen, rom CeCneT-saqarTvelos sazRvarTan SatilSi rusma mesazRvreebma sami sofliT saqarTveloSi
Semoiwies da ruseT-CeCneTis konfiliqtma sami sofeli `SeWama~. Tqven arc imas getyodnen, rom SarSanwin larsTan spirtis
konfliqtis dros rusebma sazRvari ori kilometriT gadmowies da rusis jarebis usazRvro madis gamo modernizebuli
imperia faskunjiviT ylapavs Cvens miwebs.
sanam SeiZleba gagrZeldes ase?
Tqven gvsayvedurobT dasavleTisken saqarTvelos mier
gaRebuli sarkmlis siviwroves, gaorebuli CanxarTo gveubnebiT. qarTuli politika 180%-iT Semotrialdeboda dasavleTisken, magram gulaxdilad rom giTxraT, Tqveni imedi bolomde ara gvaqvs.
Svidi welia ruseTma wagvarTva afxazeTi da samaCablo, magram Cveni patroni, Cveni mxardamWeri am duniaze aravin aRmoCnda. araerTgzis gavusviT xazi, iqneb gaemeorebina natos
saqarTveloSi kosovos varianti, magram Cveni Txovna yurad
392
aravin iRo. saqarTvelos satkivari evropas arc me-17 saukuneSi, sulxan-sabas dros awuxebda da arc axla awuxebs.
pirdapir getyviT, ruseTma amJamad saqarTvelo rom
daipyro, `euTo~ da `gaero~ mxolod da mxolod aRSfoTebas
gamoTqvamen, molaparakebis magidasTan dasxdomisken mogviwodebdnen da amiT damTavrdeba yvelaferi.
saqarTvelos gulisTvis ruseTs `gaero~ da `euTo~ ar
moimdureben.
ai, ratom ar gvjera Tqveni, ratom varT frTxilad da ruseTTan saboloo, radikalur konfrontaciasac veridebiT.
iqneb ufro qmediTi zomebi migveRo saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis aRsadgenad?!
Zvirfasia CvenTvis `euTos~ rCevebi, magram roca xedavT,
rom am rCevebis xorcSesxma Cvens Zalebs aRemateba, iqneb rea­
luradac dagvxmarebodiT?
3 maisi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
unda gamovTqva Cemi TanagrZnoba parlamentis da xelisuflebis mier bolo xans ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebis mimarT.
mxedvelobaSi maqvs parlamentis dadgenileba 91-92 wlebis movlenebis Sesaxeb da cixidan politpatimrebis gamoSveba.
erovnuli Serigebis procesi daiwyo, marTalia am process
mcire uxerxulobani mainc axlavs; magaliTad, politpatimrebi ukmayofilebas gamoTqvamen, rom gaTavisuflebis sabuTSi
`Sewyaleba~ da `patieba~ Cauweres, magram rac mTavari iyo gakeTda. kanonieri prezidentis e. i. kanonieri xelisuflebis
erTgulebisTvis dasjilni TavianT ojaxebs daubrundnen.
erTmaneTisken keTili nebiT svlis fonze aris erTi sircxvili, romelic Cvenma parlamentma aucileblad da droulad unda Camoirecxos. mgoni mimixvdiT, rasac vgulisxmob:
ukve ori welia saqarTvelo uerovnebo qveyanaa. erovnebis
grafa amoRebulia yovelgvar dokumentidan. dro gadis, saqarTveloSi uerovnebo bavSvebi ibadebian. es imas niSnavs, rom
qarTveli eri dRiTi dRe kargavs saqarTveloSi avtoqtonuri,
ZiriTadi eris iuridiul da moralur uflebas.
393
perspeqtiul gegmaSi, romelic am erTi Tvis winaT dagvirigda, weria rom parlamenti erovnuli grafis aRdgenis Sesaxeb prezidentis mier gamogzavnil kanonproeqts ganixilavs
3-5 maiss. dRes oTxi maisia. ukan darCa saprezidento arCevnebi, Catarda prezidentis inauguracia, TiTqosda cotaTi
damSvidda qveyana, magram Cveni parlamentis xelmZRvaneloba
kvlav fexs iTrevs (da es ukve lamis weliwadnaxevaria), ar gamoaqvs kanonproeqti plenarul sxdomaze.
ver amixsnia sanam gavagrZelebT kata-Tagvobanas TamaSs?
nuTu erTi muWa `reformatorebis~ gadasawyveti unda
iyos, iarsebos Tu ara qarTvelma erma dedamiwaze?
ori kviraa me da guram SaraZe amaod avrbivarT da CamovrbivarT `portfeliani batonebis~ kibeebze.
gazeTebi yoveldRe weren, rom erovnulobis uaryofa eris
gadagvarebis mosurneTa Setevis erTi yvelaze TvalsaCino
epizodia da, Tu sifxizle ar gamoviCineT, savalalo Sedegamde migviyvans.
damerwmuneT, es gaumarTlebeli `sakiTxis gadadeba~ kargad rodi imoqmedebs qarTveli eris ganwyobilebaze da mis
samomavlo wonasworobaze.
dabejiTebiT gTxovT, batono Tavmjdomarev, gasceT gankarguleba droulad ganixilos es sakiTxi saTanado saparlamento komitetma da momaval kviraSi mainc gamoitanos gansaxilvelad.
meore: dRes ganvixilavT omisa da Sromis invalidebisTvis
SeRavaTebis sakiTxs. kanonproeqtSi gaTvaliswinebulia, rom
es SeRavaTi gavrceldes mxolod metalurgiuli qarxnis im
muSebze, romlebic ruseTis da ukrainis metalurgiuli saamqroebis aRdgenaSi monawileobdnen II msoflio omis dros.
ki magram sxvebma ra daaSaves, ramdenime aseuli kaci darCa
im omis monawileTagan da nuTu ase gviWirs, rom yvela maTganze ar gavavrceloT SeRavaTebi?
rodemde unda atyuos es xalxi xelisuflebam.
aq iTqva 2001 wels davubrundeT am sakiTxso.
RmerTma kargad amyofoT da 2001 wels gana ramdeni iqneba
cocxali am oTxmocsgadacilebul moxucTagan, xom ar iqneba
2001 wlis Semdeg maTTvis daxmareba ukan midevnebuli lam-
394
pari? gavixsenoT mola rom SimSiliT mokles da mere ukanalSi
flavs atenidnen.
mesame: guSin `aies Telasma~ urCi gadamxdelebisTvis denis
gadaWris gaSlili kompania daiwyo.
vin aris urCi gadamxdeli? romelma sasamarTlom daadgina? urCi gadamxdelia is (aseTi albaT aTasSi erTia) visac aqvs
da ar ixdis, me Tu mkiTxavT, urCi gadamxdeli umweo moqalaqe
ki ara, swored saxelmwifoa, TveobiT rom ar uxdis xelfass
da pensias.
rao, arCevnebi CamTavrda, vnebebi dacxra, dapirebaTa CanCqeri Sewyda da ukve aRar gvWirdeba amomrCeveli? ucxoeli
mivusieT Cvens moqalaqes raTa ganukiTxavad urC gadamxdelebs miaweron mtyuani da marTali?
ganukiTxavad, denis CamWrel `robotebs~ nu mivcemT unapiro Tavisuflebas, Cvens moqalaqes nervebis moSla ar aklia,
batonebo!
16 maisi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
am bolo dros Cvens parlaments is iotisodena avtoritetic Seerya, rac xalxis TvalSi jer kidev gaaCnda.
parlamenti nel-nela Sordeba saqarTvelos yoveldRiur
satkivars. uRimRamod vqomagobT ers. Cvens dRis wesrigs rom
Caxedos kacma, gaifiqrebs: saqarTvelos mTavari saqme dRes
Turme is yofila, vin iqneba portfeliani ministri da vin
kidev uportfelo. es ukanaskneli mainc raRa dozanaa. ras
hqvia sagangebo saqmeTa ministri? gana sagangebo saqme ar aris
ekonomikis saministrosTvis ekonomika, an gansakuTrebuli
saqme ar aris ganaTlebis ministrisTvis ganaTleba? Cven kidev
erTi ministr-biurokratis zedmeti skami gvindoda?
finansTa ministris skami erTwliania. biujetidan biujetamde stovebs igi Tanamdebobas. SevakowiwebT axal ministrTa oceuls da amiT yvelaferi mTavrdeba. arsad ar iwereba, ra Secdoma dauSva wina ministrma da ratom vcvliT mas
axali ministriT. es gaxlavT potiomkinis soflis modeli. axali ministris imedi samad-sam Tves hyofnis mSier xalxs, mere
395
es imedic kvdeba. ra avtoriteti unda hqondes parlaments,
roca gauTaveblad vlaparakobT e. w. partiul disciplinaze,
erTxmianobaze, individualobis waSlaze. Tu erTi awers xels
yvelam unda moawereso, Tu erTi gaifiqrebs gadadgomas, yvela unda gadadgeso da aris mtyuan-marTalis mowafur-qurduli garCeva biuroze. urTierTobebis garkveva. vin visTanaa!
saqarTvelo da misi Wir-varami ki yvelas aviwydeba.
Cven dRes raRac saerTaSoriso-sakonvencio abstraqtul
sakiTxebs ki ara, saqarTvelos konkretul satkivars unda
ganvixilavdeT da qveynis wyluls SeZlebisdagvarad malamos
unda vadebdeT.
konkretulad ai, ras vgulisxmob:
a) nuTu parlaments ufro didi sxva saqme aqvs dRes, vidre
Satilis SemogarenSi rusis mier sazRvris 2 km-iT gadmoweva
da qarTuli miwis mitaceba gaxlavT?
b) nuTu saqarTvelos parlaments ufro didi sxva saqme
aqvs dRes, vidre afxazeTis da samaCablos sakiTxia. ratom ver
movaxerxeT erTi dRe davuTmoT am sasicocxlo sakiTxs da
erTad veZeboT gzebi saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis
aRsadgenad?
g) ratom miviviwyeT moqalaqeTaTvis saxelmwifos mier yaCaRurad mitacebuli anabrebi, iqneb SevitanoT es sakiTxi dRis
wesrigSi da gavagebinoT xalxs, vapirebT Tu ara maTi valis
gastumrebas.
d) wina sxdomaze `aies Telasis~ mier eleqtronis xazebis
vandalur CaWraze visaubre. CaWrebi isev grZeldeba. sanam
gagrZeldeba es TviTneboba? urCi gadamxdeli moqalaqe ki ara
saxelmwifoa, droze rom ar uxdis mosamsaxures xelfass da
pensioners _ pensias.
e) fexdafex davsdev Jvanias, magram vera da ver Sevabi eJvani, rom prezidentis mier wlisa da oTxi Tvis winaT
gamogzavnili kanonproeqtis ganxilva Sevatanino dRis wesrigSi. didi sircxvili gvWirs, saqarTvelo mTels dedamiwaze
erTaderTi uerovnebo saxelmwifoa.
axla sxva ram unda mogaxsenoT da esec aranakleb sayuradReboa. Cven, parlamentarebi, dReniadag vmuSaobT. gawamebul moqalaqeebs Sinac vRebulobiT, werilebiT vawuxebT sa-
396
Tanado uwyebebs, magram xSirad werilebi upasuxod rCeba. ra
xdeba? xom ara aqvs vinmes miTiTeba gacemuli opozicioneris
mier dasmul sakiTxs ar gamoexmauroo.
CemTvis opozicia ar arsebobs. eg Tqven arkvieT.
me Cems samSoblos vemsaxurebi da sul ar manaRvlebs ra
iarliys momakerebT `pozicionerisas~ Tu `opozicionerisas~.
gmadlobT.
25 maisi, 2000 w.
batono Tavmjdomarev,
batonebo,
vqmniT gansakuTrebul saqmeTa saministros.
am Tanamdebobaze dasamtkiceblad Cven winaSe warmodgenilma malxaz kakabaZem gagvimJRavna, rom gansakuTrebuli
saqme am saministrosi sxva ar aris ra, Tu ara afxazeTis da
samaCablos dabruneba. me mxars vuWer b-n malxazis kandidaturas, magram Tavs valdebulad vTvli, aRvniSno erTi ram:
maS ase: uimedo qarTvelis gulSi kvlav gakrTa imedis naperwkali; afxazeTis da samaCablos dasabruneblad axal saministros vqmniT.
iqneb es faqti, imasac niSnavs, rom prezidenti, parlamentis Tavmjdomare da saxelmwifo ministri pilatesaviT xels
ibanen afxazeTis da samaCablos problemis gadawyvetaze, rakiRa am sakiTxs aw da maradis malxaz kakabaZe _ axalgamoCekili ministri mouvlis.
dRes pirvelad afxazeTis da samaCablos dabrunebisadmi
rwmena davkarge. roca malxaz kakabaZe gamodioda, man TiTqmis yvelferze ilaparaka afxazeTis dabrunebis gzaTa Sesaxeb,
magram ar uTqvams mTavari da, giTxraT simarTle, am axalgazrda kacisgan arc velodi.
ar velodi imitom, rom mTavari, upirvelesi simarTle
dRemde TviT parlaments da prezidentsac ar uTqvams.
ver ipoviT dRemde parlamentis Tu mTavrobis vercerT
dokuments, romelSic sweria elementaruli ram. ra aris es
elementaluri? is rom afxazeTi da samaCablo wagvarTva rusma da swored rusi dgas axla zugdidTan ruseTis imperiis, ar-
397
Zinbas interesebis damcvelad. samSvidobo ZalTa `mSvidobiani
misia~ imiT amoiwureba, rom drodadro gadmouSveben engurze
xuTiode afsua yaCaRs, moakvlevineben moxelTebul or qarTvels da gamoqceul afsuas RimiliT gaatareben, dadevnebul
qarTvelebs ki avtomatebiT gzas gadauRobaven.
me mgoni, sanam parlamenti rus dampyrobels sajarod,
msoflios Tvalwin ar amxels, ltolvils sruli moraluri
ufleba aqvs saqarTvelos xelisufleba ruseTTan SeTqmulSeTanxmebulad miiCnios.
ras fiqrobT amaze axalasarCevo ministro?
es erTi... meore: guSin Tamaz nadareiSvili parlamentisa
da prezidentisadmi protestis niSnad gadadga. parlamenti ki
am sagangaSo faqtis Sesaxeb dRes energiulad sdums.
Jurnalist gogiCaiSvilis mxardasaWerad demonstraciebi imarTeba. ras hqvia gogiCaiSvils mweralTa kavSiris da
kinostudiis lanZRvas uSliTo. Turme presis Tavisufleba
yofila qarTuli sarwmunoebis, erovnul cnobierebis, ilias,
akakis, galaktionis, Tamaz wivwivaZis da rezo CxeiZis lanZRvis, ciliswamebis Tavisufleba, afxazeTis da samaCablos
problemis mifuCeCeba ki, amasTan SedarebiT, Turme, meorexarisxovani saqmea.
1 ivnisi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
dRes ori mTavari sakiTxi dgas dRis wesrigSi; baqo-jeihanis proeqtis ratificireba da ministrTa oreulis _ CxobaZisa da adeiSvilis damtkiceba.
rac Seexeba baqo-jeihans, aq ori pozicia gamoikveTa, erTni
taSis grialiTa da ovaciebiT Sexvdnen gia Wanturias gamosvlas, xolo meoreni Tvlian, rom Tu am proeqts mxars davuWerT, amiT afxazeT-samaCablos dabrunebis problemas davasamarebT, radganac TiTqosda msofliosTvis teritoriuli
mTlianobis ultimatumis wauyeneblobiT Cven vurigdebiT arsebul viTarebas.
me, giTxraT simarTle, verc erT pozicias ver gaviziareb: pirvels imitom rom Cven, parlamentis wevrebs, ar gve-
398
kadreba `deda, ra vnaxes~ xbosaRtaceba da SorisdebulebiT
aceteba, Cvengan qveyana dinj, Wkuadamjdar gansja-ganxilvas
iTxovs, meore mxares imitom ver daveTanxmebi, rom didi navTobsadenis ase xelaRebiT uaryofa usamarTloba iqneboda.
am proeqtze xom sami welia gulmodgined muSaobs specialistTa kvalificiuri dasi, iqneb, ufro piriqiT moxdes; afxazeT-samaCablos dabrunebasTan am saukunis magistralma iqneb
ufro migvaaxlovos? Cven gana didi arCevani gvqonda. Cven xom
derefani varT da meti araferi, Tu uars vityodiT, gverds
agviqcevdnen da somxeTze gaatarebdnen, amiT sabolood viqceodiT msoflios ekonomikur--samrewvelo Cixad. axla ki,
navTobsadeni rom amoqmeddeba, Cven did funqcias viZenT,
Cven angariSgasawevi qveyana vxdebiT da ufro gabedulad
movTxovT dasavleTs dagvexmaros ruseTis mier mitacebuli
teritoriebis dabrunebaSi.
me mxars vuWer proeqtis ratificirebas, magram mainteresebs zogi ram da baton gias vTxov ganmartebas, saxeldobr:
Tqven brZaneT, rom navTobsadenis moqmedebis vada ormoci
welia. ormoci wlis Semdeg Cemi Zvlebi ar iqneba miwaSi da, vin
icis, zogierTi Tqvenganisac, magram xom unda icodes STamomavlobam, visi sakuTreba xdeba 40 wlis Semdeg saqarTvelos
flora-faunis Semcvleli es uzarmazari navTobarteria vin
da ra saxsrebiT gaakeTebs demontaJs?
meore: Cvens teritoriaze dacvas qarTuli mxare kisrulobso, rom CagiweriaT, riTi? ra teqnikiT da saSualebiT? am
areul qveyanaSi navTobsadeni rom vinmem aafeTqos, jer erTi
mis remonts Cveni biujeti ar eyofa da meorec xom walekavs
yvelafers navTobis niaRvari?
mesame: navTobsadeni xom kerZo miwebzec gaivlis. ra formaprincipiT aunazRaurdeba miwis mepatrones CamoWrili teritoria? mogexsenebaT, zogan unayofo xriokia, zogan ki zRapruli baRi aqvs gaSenebuli mSromel kacs, amitom, aq miwis
winaswar gadawyvetili, standartuli fasi ar gamogvadgeba.
barem aqve vityvi CxobaZe-adeiSvilis kandidaturebze.
mogexsenebaT, Cveni qveyana Rrma ekonomikur, socialur da
politikur kriziss ganicdis.
ver gaamarTla mTavrobam.
399
prezidentma saWirod ar CaTvala am krizisis dros ministrTa saStato reforma. rakiRa es met areulobas Seqmnida,
moCvenebiTi siaxleTa paradSi `yofilTa~ Secdomebi miiCqmaleboda.
vfiqrob, am etapze, prezidenti sworad moiqca.
ministrebma TavianTi gamrudebuli saqme Tavadve unda gamoasworon.
amitomac me ver avyvebi crureformatorTa TamaSs prezidentisTvis TavianTi politikuri kunTebis Cvenebis Souze da
xmas vaZlev ministrobis orive kandidats.
saerTod ki mTavroba Sesacvlelia. Cven axlave unda davTqvaT dro _ 1 weli an 6 Tve, roca ministrTagan angariSi unda
CavibaroT.
am situacias erTi franguli igavi exmianeba da prezidentis gasagonadac unda giamboT:
erTi hercogi wuwunebda: es oxeri, Cemi kareta mefis
amalaSi xSirad ukan rCebao, gamovcvale borblebi, xaliCebi,
fardebi, savarZlebi, magram araferi eSvelao.
_ cxenebi unda SevcvaloT, mowyaleo xelmwifev, cxenebi! _
uTxra mefis masxaram.
diax, cxenebi unda SegecvalaT, batono prezidento.
albaT, male cxenebis Secvlis droc dadgeba.
batono revaz, xvalve `alionis~ saxeliT bodiSs movaxdevinebo.
amis Semdeg ori kvira gavida. araTu bodiSis moxda, didi
saqveyno saqmeebiT, dakavebulma Sengeliam imisTvisac ver
moicala, daereka da oriode sityviT eTqva CemTvis am warmoudgeneli insinuaciis mizez-safuZvelze.
saqarTvelos gasagonad vambob: droa Wkuas mouxmos zaza
Sengeliam da televizia Tu ganaTlebuliT vera, zrdilobiani
adamianebiT mainc daasaqmos.
meore problema sadeputato SekiTxva gaxlavT, Cveni saarCevno kanoni arasrulyofili rom gaxlavT es axali ambavi
ar aris. mZRols vTxovT `fsiqos~ daskvnas da kanonmdeblis
pretenziis mqone deputatobis kandidats ara.
eWvi maqvs, rom am axal parlamentSi sami fsiqiurad
gauwonasworebeli adamiani gagvepara: saakaSvili, daviTaSvili
da maRlaferiZe.
daakvirdiT maT qcevas, siaruls, saubris maneras, akviatebuli azrebis orototosaviT dausruleblad frqvevas,
utifrul damokidebulebas mamistola adamianebTan, rac maTi
ojaxuri aRzrdis dabal kulturazec metyvelebs da a. S.
vTxov janmrTelobis komitets da eTikur komisias momcen
cnobebi zemoT dasaxelebul parlamentarTa fsiqiuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, raTa momavalSi amis mixedviT avago maTTan
Cemi urTierToba.
27 ivnisi, 2000 w.
12 ivlisi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
erovnuli rekvizitis Taobaze am bolo dros kvlav agorda kamaTis talRa. miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTveloSi cneba
`qarTvelis~ gaqrobis mosurneTagan jerjerobiT verc erTi,
Tundac WkuasTan axlos myofi, argumenti ver movismine, isini
kvlav jiutad dganan aCemebul azrze da wamdauwum wamlaven
gauTviTcnobierebel mosaxleobas.
magram amJamad amaze aras vambob. am oriode kviris win
teleprograma `alionis~ tribunidan vinme masxaraSvilma ganacxada, advili SesaZlebelia SaraZe da Zmani misni mafiasTan
iyvnen dakavSirebulni, raTa axali dabadebis mowmobis dambeWdavebma saTanado `pativi sceno~. meore dResve davureke zaza
Sengelias am suleluri ciliswamebis Sesaxeb. pirobas gaZlev,
batonebo,
Rrma ekonomikur-politikuri krizisi, romelSic Cveni
qveyana yelamde Caeflo, obieqturi mizezebis garda, subieqturma faqtorebmac ganapiroba.
qveyana gauTavebeli, lamis gauazrebeli eqsperimentebis
laboratoriad gadavaqcieT.
gavida naxevari weli da axla, roca savalalo faqtis winaSe
aRmovCndiT, gavarkvieT rom ararealuri biujeti dagvimtkicebia.
riTi vSveliT am axal proeqtSi biujets? am bolo dros
modaSi Semosuli da TiTqosda mxsnelad movlenili sekvestriT.
ara da `sekvestri~, rogorc vxedav, bevrs mxolod da mxo­
400
26. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
401
lod `Sekvecad~ Caesmis da isedac Sekvecil biujets kidev
sekvestrireba raRas uSvelis?
gana laparaki, rac Cven am darbazSi SemovediT, mxolod
elementarul saarsebo saxsrebze ar gvqonda?
kargi, vTqvaT axla `sevkvestreT~, kidev ramden xans da
sanam unda `vkvestroT~ es gasacodavebuli biujeti?
roca qveyanaSi ar amoqmedebula biujetis Sevsebis qmediTi
berketebi, ar muSaobs mrewveloba da savargulTa 60% mouxvnelia, gadasaxadTa akrebis gamkacreba da sekvestri Seavsebs
saxelmwifo xazinas?
sagadasaxado legioni rom SevqmeniT da axali SeiaraRebuli policia gavaCineT, es uSvelis wamxdar saqmes? samxedroformiani gadasaxadis amkrebi ki ara, satanko divizia rom
miayeno kacs karze, rogor, riTi gadaixados gadasaxadi. ra
migicia, rom gadasaxadi gadaixados?
ver xedavT sagadasaxado legionis perspeqtivaSi `gogia
uiSvilis~ siuJets?
pirdapir unda giTxraT, axal proeqtSi daCagrulad gamoiyureba Cveni dedaqalaqi _ Tbilisi.
Tbiliseli moqalaqe xom isedac socialurad daucvelia,
igi xom martooden xelfasis Semyurea da ara aqvs saSualeba
SimSilisagan atkivebuli kuWi Tundac wamierad mainc imiT
daiamos, rom ezoSi gavides da xes vaSli Seawyvitos?
ra hqnas?
sanam unda viTamaSoT ubralo moqalaqeTa moTminebaze moqalaqeTa kavSiris Zvirfaso wevrebo?
ara mgonia, rom vinmes sWirdebodes erTi ramis axsna; yvelgan SeiZleba raRac manqanebiT dauyvavo aqoCril xalxs, magram Tbilisi Tu aboboqrda, mere mas foCiani kamfetebiT,
sekvestruli satyuaraTi veRar gaaCumeb.
me vxedav, xelisuflebas aqvs uxeSi saSualebebi cecxliT Caaqros aqa-iq gaRvivebuli ukmayofilebis naperwkali.
es daamtkica am samiode dRis win akaki eliavas gaufrTxileblad, muxanaTurad mokvlam, amiT SeiZleba viRac davaSinoT,
magram SimSiliT gaTanguli xalxi rom kets mokidebs xels,
eliavas mokvlis msgavsi uazro daufiqrebeli `operaciebiT~
im xalxs ukve veRar daaSinebT.
gafrTxilebT, cecxls nu eTamaSebiT!
402
am biujetiT kidev erT satyuaras nu CaCriT pirSi ilajgawyvetil, mSier saqarTvelos.
amas vambob me, revaz miSvelaZe, romelsac yoveldRiurad Tavis gayadreba da kamaTi mixdeba umwifar, fsiqiurad
gauwonasworebel axalgazrdebTan mxolod da mxolod imisaTvis, rom saqarTveloSi qarTvelis saxsenebeli ar gaqres
da msoflioSi Cveni saxelmwifo erTaderT uerovnebo saxelmwifod ar iqces.
12 seqtemberi, 2000 w.
batono Tavmjdomarev,
batonebo,
roca sazafxulo ardadegebze mivdiodiT, Catarda parlamentis biuro. romelsac mec veswrebodi, sadac gadawyda rom
saqarTvelos moqalaqis sabuTebSi erovnebis aRdgenis kanonproeqts parlamenti ganixilavda seqtemberSi.
dRes dagviriges saparlamento muSaobis gegma saidanac
irkveva, rom am sakiTxs parlamenti ganixilavs 24 oqtombers.
amisTvisac didi madloba, magram raki miCveuli var
erovnebis sakiTxis orwlian gadadebas, veWvob, es sakiTxi 24
oqtombridanac gadaiwevs. arada, mTeli saqarTvelo didi gulisyuriT elodeba, daubruneben Tu ara qarTvel ers saqarTveloSi avtoqtonuri eris statuss.
mTeli zafxulis ganmavlobaSi nacvlad problemis Wkvianuri, profesionaluri ganxilvisa saqarTvelos televizia
uCvenebda gulisamrev scenas, Tu rogor xtoda da yvancalebda mamistola adamianebis winaSe koba daviTaSvili. rogor
iwevda igi (qalebiT garSemortymuli) eldar nadiraZisken,
romelmac gabeda da saqarTveloSi erovnebis gaqrobis winaaRmdeg xma amoiRo.
gTxovT, batono zurab, daavaloT mefariSvilis da kvaracxelias komitetebs, sagangebo sxdomaze moiwvion ara Seuracxadi, diletanti ymawvilebi, aramed erovnulad moazrovne
inteligenciis warmomadgenlebi, saqmis mcodne iuristebi da
parlamentarebi, raTa gonivruli sja-baasiT, SexedulebaTa
403
SejerebiT naTeli moefinos sakiTxs da miviRoT qarTveli
erisTvis sasurveli kanoni, iseTi _ ilia WavWavaZes rom moewoneboda, Tu Cven ilias memkvidreebad vTvliT Tavs.
amTaviTve getyviT, rom bakurianSi biuros gamsvleli sxdomis mier SemoTavazebuli `erovneba _ qarTuli~, sxva ara
iyos ra, gramatikuladac arasworia. unda iyos: _ `erovneba _
qarTveli~.
15 seqtemberi, 2000 w.
batonebo, _
wlevandelma zafxulma kacisgan gawirul saqarTvelos
bunebisgan gawirvis gamocdac mouwyo.
kaxeTSi mosavali ulmobelma gvalvam ise gaanadgura, rom
iZulebuli vxdebiT kaxeTi ubedurebis zonad gamovacxadoT.
magram Cveni gautexeli kaxeli glexisTvis martooden ubedurebis zonad gamocxadeba veraferi SeRavaTia, Tu amas saqme
ar mohyveba.
saxeldobr: saqarTveloSi gvqonda mSvenieri tradicia
stiqiiT dazaralebuli kuTxis Tanadgomisa. maxsovs, aTiode
wlis winaT svaneTi miwisZvram rom daazarala, mTelma saqarTvelom gaiRo, rac SeeZlo, Segrovda fuli, medikamentebi,
sursaTi, tansacmeli da xeli gavumarTeT svaneTs.
kaxeTis mimarT dRes msgavsi Tanadgomis inCi-binCi ar ismis.
winadadeba Semomaqvs dReidan davexmaroT kaxeTs _ saqarTvelos beRels da marans. xelisuflebas, vxedav, bevri araferi
SeuZlia, Cven, saqarTvelos moqalaqeebma riTac SegviZlia SevumsubuqoT kaxeTs mosavlis ganadgurebis am wels mosalodneli mZime xvedri. gamoiyos saparlamento komisia, romelic
uxelmZRvanelebs kaxeTisTvis daxmarebis Segrovebas.
aq soflis meurneobis ministri kaxeTis zonaSi gaeros paketebis darigebaze laparakobda. sasiamovnoa, rom Cveni axalgazrda ministri gaisarja da ucxoeTs daxmarebis xeli
gamoawvdenina, magram daxmarebis ganawilebis gamocdileba
saqarTveloSi savalaloa. gTxovT, batono ministro, sazRvargareTuli Tu sazRvarsSida daxmarebani gasanawileblad
gamgeblebs ar CaugdoT xelSi, Torem eg Tqveni simwriT mop-
404
ovebuli paketebi dazaralebul mevenaxemde an saerTod ar
miva, an miva ganaxevrebuli. ganmeordeba qarTuli andazis
pasaJi; maZRari mSiers rom purs wvrilad ufrCxvnida da Tan
ayvedrida, ra Rorulad Wamo.
kidev erT rames unda mivapyro Tqveni yuradReba. kaxeTs wels SeeSala xeli Torem Cvens utkbiles kaxeTs, saqarTvelos Rirsebis kuTxes, Rvinis samSoblos, samowyalo ra
sWirda. darwmunebuli var buneba ase mkacrad aRar moepyroba
mas samomavlod.
sagangaSo metad ufro sxva ram gaxlavT: guSin jumber patiaSvilma moitana Semzaravi cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom msoflio
bankis eqspertTa winadadebiT saqarTveloSi venaxebis raodenoba 3 aTas heqtramde unda Semcirdes da es maSin, rodesac 3
aTasi heqtari mxolod gurjaanis raionSia venaxi.
ra aris es batonebo? xom ar imaleba am `rCevaSi~ is mzakvruli ganzraxva, rom saqarTvelo Caklan, rogorc Rvinis
msoflio bazarze evropis mzard-konkurenti qveyana?
da es maSin, rodesac saqarTveloSi Rvinos maSin amzadebdnen, roca germanias da safrangeTs yurZeni TvaliTac ar
enaxa?
davfiqrdeT, saiT miCiqCiqebs Sadman valavebis da ZmaTa
misTa mier yelSi dolaris maryuJwaWerili saqarTvelo.
28 seqtemberi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
kanonproeqti geografiul saxelwodebaTa Sesaxeb, romelic gansaxilveladaa Semotanili, droulia da iqneb cota
dagvianebulic gaxlavT.
visRa davumalo, Cveni toponimika asatanze metad danagvianebulia. komunisturi mmarTvelobis periodSi xeli­
suflebis fsevdointernacionalisturi politikis gamo,
stumar erTaTvis arwyeninebis farisevluri politikis gamo
(qarTveli eris wyeninebis, misi interesebis ignorirebis xarjze) Sedegad is miviReT, rom zed Tbilisis WiSkramde modis
calkeul dasaxlebul punqtTa araqarTuli saxelebi. imis
mtki­cebas ar Sevudgebi Cveni savalalo demografiis pirobeb-
405
Si ra Sorsgamiznuli, mtruli Sedegebis momtania es viTareba.
imis dasamtkicebeli sabuTi ki araerTi maqvs, rom ama Tu im
sofelSi asiode wlis winaT Camosaxlebuli da saeWvod gamravlebuli araqarTuli tomebis daucxromeli mecadineobiT
da adgilobriv xelmZRvanelTa beci politikis gamo araerT
ZirZvel qarTul sofels TviTneburad Seecvala saxelwodeba.
rogor SeiZleba, batonebo, istoriuli geografiuli
saxelwodeba Seecvalos ama Tu im punqts sofelSi amJamad
mcxovreb ucxoelTa daJinebis an romelime gamgeblis angarebiani survilis gamo.
sanamde unda moxdes saqarTveloSi mecnieruli azris ignorireba? gana toponimikis specialistma, istorikos-eTnografma ukeT ar icis, ra erqva tradiciulad ama Tu im ubans
da ras ra unda daerqvas.
droa daiwyos farTo, kanonieri muSaoba Cveni danagvianebuli toponimikis avgias Tavlis gasawmendad, droa davubrunoT Cvens soflebs istoriuli saxelebi.
Tqven ukve iciT, rom ruseTis mier mitacebul teritoriebze _ afxazeTsa da samaCabloSi asamde dasaxlebul punqts barbarosulad Seucvales namdvili, istoriuli saxeli
da maTTvis `mosargebi~, `xelsayreli~ saxeli uwodes.
sanam teritoriebs davibrunebdeT, am problemas, ra Tqma
unda, ver mouvlis Cveni ususuri, uniaTo xelisufleba,
romelsac toponimebisTvis im teritoriazec ver mouvlia,
romelzec misi uRimRamo mmarTveloba ase Tu ise vrceldeba.
miT umetes, rom Cvens kudmokvecil konstituciaSi isic
gaurkvevelia, afxazeTi da samaCablo saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi Sedis Tu ara.
24 oqtomberi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
ara maqvs moraluri ufleba rogorc parlamentis wevrma
da saqarTvelos moqalaqem ar gamovTqva Cemi aRSfoTeba saqarTveloSi am ori dRis winaT ruseTis vice-premieris klebanovis vizitis gamo.
mTel msoflioSi gavrcelda cnoba, rom SevardnaZe daeTanx-
406
ma ruseTis winadadebas gudauTis ruseTis samxedro baza gadakeTdes ruseTis samSvidobo Zalebis sareabilitacio centrad.
gamovxatav mTeli saqarTvelos mosaxleobis gulisTqmas,
roca vambob, rom es gaxlavT aRmaSfoTebeli SeTanxmeba.
53 saxelmwifo stambolSi xels awers memorandums rusis
bazebis saqarTvelodan gatanis Sesaxeb. gaeros warmomadgenlebi da qarTveli patriotebi saTiTaod iTvlian saqarTvelodan gatanil tankebs, velodebiT im saaTs, roca dampyrobeli
rusi gava saqarTvelodan da davrCebiT Cveni gaTamamebuli
xiznebis afsuebisa da osebis pirispir.
da am dros saqarTvelos xelisufleba afxazeTis dabrunebis ukanasknel imeds uspobs saqarTvelos. Tqven kargad
mogexsenebaT, rom es aris faqtiurad gudauTis bazis datoveba rusebis xelSi. `sareabilitacio centri~ TvalTmaqcobaa,
xalxisTvis TvalSi nacris Seyraa da sxva araferi.
gTxovT, daayenoT es sakiTxi parlamentis msjelobis sagnad.
meore: 24 oqtombers, dRes, gegmis mixedviT unda gangvexila kanonproeqti pirovnebis sabuTebSi erovnuli grafis aRdgenis Sesaxeb. guli migrZnobda, rom kvlav gadaideboda es
ukve momzadebuli sakiTxi da asec moxda. ratom igdebs parlamentis biuro abuCad qarTvel ers? sanam SeiZleba uerovnebo bavSvebi ibadebodnen saqarTveloSi?
da bolos: nuTu SegiZliaT mSvidad ucqiroT gadaketil
quCebze mdgar ilajgawyvetil, damSeul moqalaqeebs? es aris
Tqveni dapireba wlevandeli zamTari eleqtroenergiis miwodebis TvalsazrisiT SarSandelze ukeTesi iqnebao?!
sanam gagrZeldeba xalxis motyueba, batono moqalaqeTa
kavSiris wevrebo?
7 noemberi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
yovel wels dainteresebuli pirni saxelmwifo kancelariidan guram mamulias TavkacobiT axali energiiT wamoWrian xolme Turqi mesxebis saqarTveloSi Camosaxlebis Temas.
TiTqos imis gageba surT, xom ar Seicvala qarTulma sazogadoebam da gansakuTrebiT erovnulad moazrovne inteligenciam azri am sakiTxze. CemTvis, batonebo, es problema erTx-
407
el da samudamod garkveulia. oriode dRis win guram SaraZem
gamoaqveyna Turqi mesxebis mier TurqeTis prezidentisadmi
gagzavnili werili, romelSic `Turqi mesxebi~ ar malaven rom
isini Turqebi arian da imazec mianiSneben, Tu risTvis undaT
maincdamainc mesxeTSi _ saqarTvelos ZirZvel istoriul miwaze dasaxleba.
Tavi rom gavaneboT saqarTvelos mciremiwianobas, Tavi
rom gavaneboT im faqts, rom samcxe-javaxeTSi ukve cxovroben qarTvelebi da miwebic privatizebuli aqvT (xolo im miwebis warTmeva aranair sasamarTlos ar SeuZlia), bolos da
bolos sanam viyoT komunisturi `unapiro internacionalizmis~ tyveobaSi? 350 wlis winaT Sah-abasis mier fereidanSi
garekil qarTvelebs ar daviwyniaT mSobliuri qarTuli da
`Turq mesxebs~ rogorRa daaviwydaT 50 wlis ganmavlobaSi ise,
rom qarTulad sityva `dedac~ aRar ician? aRar ician imitom,
rom maSinac, 50 wlis winaTac ar icodnen, ar icodnen imitom,
rom jiS-jilagiT qarTvelebi ar arian da qarTuli maTTvis
mSobliuri ena arasodes yofila.
saqarTveloSi unda dabrundes qarTveli, Turqi ki Tavis
istoriul samSobloSi _ mezobel TurqeTSi dabrundes.
9 noemberi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
saerTaSoriso sagzao fondis mier saqarTvelosTvis sakmaod soliduri sesxis micema, rom ityvian, sulze miuswrebs
Cvens gaubedurebul saavtomobilo gzebs. miT umetes, rom
sesxi xelsayrelia im TvalsazrisiT, rom pirveli aTi wlis
ganmavlobaSi investori sargebels ar gvTxovs.
boris salariZe gamocdili kacia. me vici Cveni sekvestrirebuli biujetis gadamkide misi uwyeba ra didis ZalisxmeviT axerxebs Cveni gzebis SenarCunebas da garemontebasac ki,
Tumca gzebis SekeTebis qarTuli meTodi `asfaltis dawepeba~
mainc ver gavrcelda Tanamedrove civilizebul msoflioSi.
mcire SeniSvna maqvs sesxis ufro racionaluri ganawilebis
TvalsazrisiT. kerZod, mogexsenebaT ra dReSia Cveni gzebi da
amitom iq, sadac aucilebeli ar aris, moveSvaT axali gzebis
408
da axali `grandiozuli~ xidebis mSeneblobas; ufro gonivruli iqneba Tu am fuls davxarjavT gzebis reabilitaciisaTvis.
momeCvena, rom naklebi yuradReba migiqceviaT Tbilisisa
da aWaris gzebis SekeTebis saSuri saqmisTvis.
mogexsenebaT, aWaris klimaturi pirobebi da aqedan gamomdinare gzebis xSiri ngreva mewyerisa Tu zvavis gamo. ra
dasamalia xSirad damewyril gzas aWaraSi Cveni xelisufleba
aWaris xelisuflebis anabarad daagdebs; aqaoda aWaras didi
Tavi aqvs da man itiroso. gTxovT, im sesxidan meti sareabilitacio Tanxa gamouyoT aWaras, rakiRa aWaris mTiani regionis
gzebi marTlac rom, savalalo dReSia.
rac Seexeba Tbiliss, centraluri quCebic ki iseT dReSia,
rom uaress mteric ver inatrebs. erTi danjRreuli `Jiguli~
maqvs da kandelakis quCaze rom gavivli, meSinia, rom ormoebSi xtunva-ZigZigiT manqanis Zrava ar davkargo. iqneb rogorme
vuSveloT, batono boris Tbilisis gzebs? es exeba pirvel
rigSi Tbilisis merias da Tqvens departamentsac.
9 noemberi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
parlamentis yuradReba unda mivapyro erT, Cemi azriT,
friad sagulisxmo faqts: xelTa maqvs gazeT `Sida qarTlis~
oqtombris nomeri, romelSic dabeWdilia boris pastuxovis
depeSa samxreT oseTis egreT wodebuli respublikis TviTmarqvia prezidentis Cibirovisadmi.
pastuxovi ulocavs gmir os xalxs samxreT oseTis respublikis meaTe wlisTavs da aRtacebulia imiT, rom osi xalxis
gmirobiTa da brZoliT Seqmnili samxreT oseTis respublika
winsvlasa da ayvavebas ganicdis.
amCatebuli rusis am nabodvars yuradRebas ar mivaqcevdi,
rom depeSas xels ar awerdes ruseTis xelisuflebis oficialuri warmomadgeneli _ saxelmwifo dumis esenges sakiTxebis
komitetis Tavmjdomare. ase rom, es depeSa kinaRam mTeli saxelmwifo dumis saxeliTac aris gagzavnili.
ai, ra `keTilad~ aris ganwyobili oficialuri ruseTi
saqarTvelos mimarT. didi mixvedra rodia saWiro imis gas-
409
arkvevad, rom ruseTi kidev erTxel (da es ukve meramdened)
migvaniSnebs: afxazeTi da samaCablo Cven samudamod wagarTviT da qarTvelebo, amoiReT gulidan am Tqveni ZirZveli istoriuli miwebis dabrunebaze fiqrio.
gana es depeSa saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis xelyofis aSkara gamoxatuleba ar aris?
es xom is `Cveni megobari~ pastuxovia, batonebo, romelsac
92-93 wlebSi brmad endo Cveni prezidenti da romelmac uRmerTod moatyua saqarTvelos xelisufleba jer dagomisis da
Semdeg soWis xelSekrulebiT.
iqneb raime formiT saqarTvelos xelisuflebam, sagareo
uwyebam an parlamentma pasuxi gasces batoni pastuxovis am
Tavxedobas.
21 noemberi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
ra gulisamaCuyebeli saxeli daurqmeviaT kanonproeqtisTvis `erovnuli kinematografiis mxardaWeris Sesaxeb~. gegonebaT,
axla ki miugniaTo im saSualebisTvis, romelmac unda gadaarCinos ukanasknel amosunTqvamde misuli Cveni kinematografi.
wavikiTxe da davrwmundi, rom qarTuli kinostudiis gadarCenis nacvlad proeqtis avtorebi gvTavazoben kulturis
saministroSi kidev erTi biurokratiuli xelmZRvaneli centris _ kinocentris Seqmnas. Tu gaxsovT is avadsaxsenebeli
dro kinoscenarebi rom moskovSi mtkicdeboda, mere kinematografiis saxelmwifo komiteti ganixilavda, gadaeRo Tu ara
kinoreJisors filmi da bolos ubrundeboda am Cinovnikur
karuselSi yvelaze SemoqmedebiT rgols _ kinostudias.
swored rom komunisturi drois nostalgia igrZnoba eldar Sengelias mier SemoTavazebul kanonproeqtSi. ra saWiroa
axali xelmZRvaneli aparatis Seqmna kulturis saministroSi. am viTomda damoukidebel saqarTveloSi, rogorc iqna,
diqtats gavcdiT da isev diqtats vubrundebiT?
gavkadnierdebi da gagimxelT erT saidumloebas: es egreT
wodebuli kanonproeqti, mimarTulia erTi kacis _ rezo Cxei­
Zis winaaRmdeg. aSkara brZola saaqcio sazogadoeba `qarTuli
410
filmis~ direqtoris gadasayeneblad lamis aTi welia mimdinareobs, magram ise maRalia rezo CxeiZis avtoriteti da iseTi
Seuvali mxardaWeriT sargeblobs igi kinostudiis TanamSromelTa Soris, rom dRemde veraferi mouxerxes da axla Zmeb
Sengelaiebs, rezo esaZes da kampanias surT zemodan mouaron
`jariskacis mamis~ avtors, Seuqmnan maRlamdgomi ujredi da
axali saxelmZRvanelo berketiT aiZulon b-n rezo gadadges.
bolos da bolos, iqneb, `qarTuli filmis~ direqtoris
wasvliT qveyana ar iqceodes, magram `kinocentris~ Seqmna
migvaaxlovebs kinostudiis, rogorc SemoqmedebiT-sawarmoo
uwyebis funqciebis Sekveca-gauqmebasTan. Tu scenaris `kinocentri~ daamtkicebs, saxelmwifo sufsidiebs `kinocentri~
gaanawilebs da misTvis sasurvel reJisorebs Camourigebs,
kinostudiam raRa unda akeTos? ratom ar fiqrobT imaze, rom
am kanonproeqtis damtkicebis Semdeg quCaSi darCeba qarTuli
filmis aTasamde TanamSromeli?
Cven movismineT rezo CxeiZis gamosvla. igi gulistkiviliT, inteligenturad, oponentTa Rirsebis sruli dacviT
laparakobda problemebze, mere movismineT reJisor rezo
esaZis gamosvla, romelic beso JRentis intonaciiT, didi paTosiT kiTxulobda salanZRav koleqtiur werils mimarTuls
rezo CxeiZis winaaRmdeg.
ara da ar unda dagvaviwydes, vis vin upirispirdeba da
ra meTodiT. sxvadasxva wonaSi xom ar gamodian rezo CxeiZe
da rezo esaZe? erTi `jariskacis mamis~ avtoria, meore ki _
`neilonis naZvisxis~ da iqneb drodadro gagvaxsendes `iseTma
furma unda dagvwixlos, rom Cvenze metsa TviT iwveldesa...~
arc is momewona, Cveni parlamentis Tavmjdomarisagan, cota
ar iyos, agdebulad rom Seafasa kinostudiis TanamSromelTa
koleqtiuri werili. meti pativiscemiT da gulisxmierebiT
unda mivayuradoT, batonebo, koleqtivis xmas. miT umetes,
rom eldar Sengelaiam aq wagvikiTxa q-n lana RoRoberiZis `kinocentris~ SeqmnisTvis mxardamWeri werili da masze sxdomis
Tavmjdomares araviTari komentari ar gaukeTebia.
ase ar SeiZleba, visi xmac xels gvaZlevs, is visulguloT
da visi xmac yurSi mZimed migvdis _ ugulvebelyoT.
kargad davfiqrdeT. kinostudiis Tavze kidev erT
damokles maxvils nu davkidebT.
411
24 noemberi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
ruseTma Sewyvita CvenTan molaparakebaTa seria da gamoacxada, rom 5 dekembers SemoiRebs calmxriv savizo reJims
da, rac ufro aRmaSfoTebelia, es savizo reJimi ar gavrceldeba afxazeTsa da samaCabloze.
amiT ruseTma ukve oficialurad daikanona, sabolood
miitaca afxazeTi da samaCablo. msoflios faqtobrivad
gamoucxada, rom igi aRar aRiarebs saqarTvelos teritoriul mTlianobas.
es gaxlavT aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos sagareo
uwyebis, parlamentis da prezidentis danaSaulebrivi saqmianobis Sedegi. Cven xom arasodes, arc erT doneze (parlamentsa da prezidents vgulisxmob) ar gviTqvams, rom ruseTma
wagvarTva afxazeTi da samaCablo. piriqiT; omSi dagvamarcxa
ruseTma da Cven maSinve dsT-Si vtuceT Tavi.
amiT xom dasavleTs xeli SevukariT, imisaTvis, raTa, damoukidebel saxelmwifod CaveTvaleT da ufro qmediTad
dagvxmareboda saerTaSoriso kanonebis Tanaxmad.
Sedegad ki miviReT aneqsirebuli saqarTvelos erTi mesamedi, ekonomiuri blokada da bolos calmxrivi savizo reJimi.
savizo reJimi Cven dagvazaralebs upirvels yovlisa, Torem ruseTs dReSi ocjer SeuZlia dasvas TviTmfrinavebi vazianis samxedro bazaze da yovelgvari vizis gareSe Camoiyvanos ramdenic unda imdeni ruseTis moqalaqe. vazianis bazis
WiSkarTan aravin dgas da ar akontrolebs vin Semodis da gadis vazianidan.
me erTi ramis ufro meSinia: axla, pirvel dekembers SevardnaZe Sexvdeba putins. putini SesTavazebs: Tu damiTmob
gudauTis bazas (e. i. samudamod maCuqeb afxazeTs da samaCablos) ar SemoviReb savizo reJimso.
da SevardnaZe qarTveli eris survilis sawinaaRmdegod
daTanxmdeba.
parlamentis sxdomaze irakli menaRariSvilis dRevandeli
gamosvlis mizani am ubedurebisadmi Cveni damokidebulebis
mosinjva gaxlavT.
412
8 dekemberi, 2000 w.
batonebo,
meoce saukune dReebs iTvlis.
am ulmobeli saukunis bolo aTwleulma ufro mZafrad
daayena Cven winaSe saqarTvelos yofna-aryofnis problema,
ufro mZafrad gvagrZnobina Cveni dramatuli sve-bedi.
ras velodiT da ra miviReT?
rusis yofil koloniaTagan yvelam Tavi wamoswia, yvelam
raRac saSveli naxa da bedis ironiiT mxolod saqarTveloa
isev CaZirul-ganwiruli, TiTqosda, mxolod Cven dagveyara
imperiis yovlisgamsresi nangrevebi.
vin dagvwyevla ase gametebiT, rom swored am saukuneSi
davkargeT tao-klarjeTi, lore, saingilo, soWis olqi, afxazeTi, samaCablo, samcxe-javaxeTis nawili da pankisis xeoba...
meoce saukunis dasawyisis saqarTvelodan mesamedic aRar
SemogvrCa, batonebo.
vzivarT dRes am darbazSi saqarTvelos xelisufalni da
faskunjis mier Zvlebze dayvanili saqarTvelos mwir biujets
vamtkicebT.
Tqveni ar vici da me sapanaSvido ganwyobileba maqvs.
vgrZnob, rogor gadagvyveba im saukuneSi okupirebul teritoriebze saswaulebrivad SerCenil TanamemamuleTa gminva,
imedwarkveTil ltolvilTa da SimSiliT gaTangul, upensiod
darCenil moxucTa naRvliani mzera.
`ver movuareT qveyanas~ _ es aRiareba TviTgvemad rom gaismis aqa-iq zogierTi politikosis bageTagan, ocdameerTe
saukuneSi, damerwmuneT, mrisxane braldebad gveqceva.
ver gaisigrZegana Cvenma mTavrobam, ra iyo lamis axalSobili damoukidebeli saxelmwifosTvis upirvelesi saqme da ra
_ meorexarisxovani.
Svidi weli cota rodia xelisuflebis gamosacdelad,
raTa gairkves: aris igi xalxisTvis sasikeTo saqmis gamkeTebeli Tu _ ara.
imis magivrad, rom sazRvrebi gagvemagrebina, Svidi wlis
winaT samarcxvinod wagebuli omis gakveTilebi gagveTvaliswinebina da qveynis damcveli armia Segveqmna, Cven yovel
weliwads swored qveynis farsa da maxvils _ jars SevumcireT xarjebi da dRes brZolisunariani armiis nacvlad isRa
413
SegvrCa xelT, rom Cvens naxevrad dacarielebul yazarmebSi
Tagvebi sasusnavs ver iSovidnen, rom SabaT-kviras mSoblebs
ar mihqondeT sanovage TavianTi jariskaci SvilebisaTvis,
Cvens sasazRvro saguSagoebze SimSiliTa da siciviT suli sZvrebaT biWebs da wuTebs iTvlian Tundac mSrali sauzmis da
konservebis amao lodinSi.
Sedegad is miviReT, rom saqarTveloze ufro dabeCavebuli
qveyana dRes dedamiwis zurgze ar moiZeveba. Cvens iavarqmnil
sazRvrebs, roca moesurveba maSin gadmolaxavs mtris TviTmfrinavi da TuSeT-xevsureTis ialaRebze bombebs Camoyris,
roca moesurveba, maSin Semova moxetiale CeCen partizanTa
ocdaaTkaciani jgufi da Sensave saavadmyofoSi wamogiwveba,
Tanac imden pativsac ar gcems, giTxras, vin aris da ratom
daarRvia sazRvari.
gekiTxebiT, batono ministro, ratom amcirebT yovelwliurad Tavdacvis saministros da sasazRvro samsaxuris xarjebs. eWvi miCndeba saqarTvelos gasanadgureblad mowyobil
SeTqmulebaSi Tqvenc nebiT Tu uneblied xom ar monawileobT?
finansTa ministris saqme mxolod is rodia, mizeruli
Tanxa Sexedulebisamebr gaanawilos da mere obobasaviT safarSi miiyuJos, raTa davidarabiT gamoyofili fulis miRebaSi xeli SeuSalos erovnul uwyebebs. Tqveni vali isicaa,
upirveles yovlisa, biujetis gamdidrebis gzebi eZeboT. iciT
Tu ara, rom am mimarTulebiTac uamravi rezervi gvaqvs am
gaRletil saqarTveloSi. am wlebis ganmavlobaSi mglis madis
mqone adamianebma daitaces uzarmazari fabrika-qarxnebi legaluri yaCaRobis _ e. w. privatizaciis niRbiT.
mere, rogorc mosalodneli iyo, ver mouares da axla es
qarxnebi dganan. umowyalod gaiZarcva bevri maTgani. Tu dasviT sakiTxi, ukanve SeiZinos saxelmwifom is privatizebuli
qarxana-fabrika, romelsac `axalma mepatronem~ ver mouara?
mesame: yoveldRiurad icvleba viTareba. ruseTSi mcxovreb
TanamemamuleTa rudunebiT, rogorc Tqveni moxsenebidan
irkveva, saqarTveloSi Semodioda 280 milioni dolari. axla
Cveni mosaxleobis am finansuri deficitis amosavsebad (rac
dakavSirebulia samiode dRis winaT SemoRebul savizo reJimTan) Tu gadaxedeT Tqvens proeqts da Tu moiZieT saxsrebi,
raTa adamianebi SimSilisagan vixsnaT?
414
Tqven cda ar dagikliaT, raTa biujeti realobisTvis
dageaxlovebinaT, magram es aris Tqveni (piradad Tqveni) gadarCenis gza, qveynis gadarCenis gza ki es, ra Tqma unda ar
aris, radganac samowyalod gadmogdebuli kapikebi Cvens moqalaqeebs xelfasis fuladac ar eyofa qveynis aRorZinebas rom
Tavi gavaneboT.
ratom ar Cans Tqvens biujetSi ucxoeTidan daxmarebis saxiT Semosuli da momavalSi misaRebi samasi milioni dolari?
imitom xom ara, rom rogorc `sresebis~ (me-3, me-4, me-5,
me-9, me-10 blokebis) Sesaremonteblad miRebuli 500 milioni
dolari miiTvises mavanT, ise es daxmarebac surT Caijibon?
vai, aseTi patronebis xelSi, Se ubeduro saqarTvelov!
27 Tebervali, 2001 w.
am kviris dRis wesrigiT rom vimsjeloT, Cven iseTi dala­
gebuli, galaRebuli, ayvavebuli qveynis parlamenti varT,
rom SegviZlia fexi-fexze gadavidoT da iseTi `problemebis~
gadawyvetiT gaverToT Sveicariis parlamentsac rom SeSurdeboda fufunebis kuTxiT.
magaliTad, qveyana Tavze gvengreva da Cvens biuros gegmaSi Seutania sakiTxi `Ramurebis, wylis frinvelebisa da migrirebadi veluri cxovelebis dacvis Sesaxeb...~
da es maSin, roca TiTqmis mesamedi saqarTvelo lukmapuris saZebnelad emigraciaSia gaqceuli da qveyanaSi gaugonari ekonomiur-politikuri krizisi sufevs.
ram gausqela ise yuris barabani Cveni parlamentis xelmZRvanelobas, rom ar esmis quCaSi yovel fexis nabijze darxeuli
xmebi: `gasarekia mTavrobac, prezidentic da parlamentic!~
diax, prezidentis da ministrTa kabinetis gadadgomis
moTxovnas am bolo dros parlamentic miayoles. iciT ratom?
Cveni parlamenti karga xania saqarTvelos gulisTqmas aRar
ayuradebs, qveynis mtkivneul problemebs gverds uvlis da
dRiTi-dRe kargavs avtoritets.
ra dros `Ramurebis dacvaa~, Tqve ojaxaSenebulebo, nuTu
gaRletil-damSeuli xalxis gminva odnavac ar gaRelvebT?
afxazeTis da samaCablos dabrunebas xom wauyrueT, TxuTmeti lari hqonda xelfasi kacs da Statebis Semcirebis
415
mrisxane ganaCeniT quCaSi gaagdeT. darwmunebuli brZandebiT,
rom dabeCavebuli moqalaqe qvas ar gesvriT da kidec rom
gesroloT, Tqveni srasaxlebis maRal galavans mainc ver gadmoawvdens. Tavi qudSi gaqvT moqkavSirlebs da dasciniT upatrono, socialurad daucvel mosaxleobas.
Tu kanonis da adamianebis ara, RmerTis mainc ar geSiniaT?
wina kviras me davsvi sakiTxi, gamoTqvas-meTqi parlamentma
Tavisi damokidebuleba rusis bazebis saqarTvelodan gatanis,
savizo reJimis SemoRebis, saerTod Crdiloel mezobelTan
urTierTobis Sesaxeb.
rezo adamia ambobs am sakiTxis momzadebas viTarebis Rrmad
Seswavla sWirdebao. TiTqos me vamtkicebde, viTarebis Seuswavlelad gavitanoT-meTqi es problema plenarul sxdomaze.
rodemde? rodemde gadavdoT Cveni saxelmwifoebriobis,
Cveni damoukideblobis momavlis sakiTxi, batonebo?
rao, ar gaqvT survili pasuxismgebloba aviRoT Cvens
Tavze, vukarnaxoT ministrebs, rogor unda gaeces pasuxi rusis axal-axal provokaciebs saqarTveloSi?
eWvi miaskecdeba, rom es krizisi xelisuflebam Segnebulad Seqmna, raTa xalxi daamSios da ise, rogorc 1921 wlis
TebervalSi, dResac iZaxos mSierma xalxma: ruseTis gareSe
Cven ver viarsebebTo.
amis niSnebi ukve Cans. zvaviviT izrdeba Tbilisis quCebSi
wiTel komunistTa demonstraciebi. cudis mauwyebelia es faqti, megobrebo. haerSi saqarTvelos xelaxali aneqsiis, ruseTbelorusiis kavSirSi saqarTvelos SeTrevis suni trialebs.
Cven ki vzivarT aq saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebis
wevrebi da gadamfreni wylis frinvelebis dacvaze vsaubrobT.
Tu Tqven Tqveni danaSaulebrivi dumiliT saqarTvelos
damoukideblobis gankargva gaqvT ganzraxuli, amTaviTve gacnobebT, rom me am TamaSSi ar vmonawileob.
batonebo,
samiode dRis winaT erT SemaZrwunebel preskonferencias
daveswari.
cnobilma qarTvelma reJisorma zurab ninuam gamosvla ase
daiwyo: `am konferencias imitom rodi vmarTav, TiTqos iluzia mqondes imisa, rom bolos da bolos vimoqmedeb Sesabamis
samsaxurebze da davamtkiceb Cems simarTles.
amis imedi karga xania gadamewura.
Tqven winaSe svegamwarebuli kaci da mkvdari Svilis mama dgas.
movedi, raTa gacnoboT da gagafrTxiloT; isRa damrCenia saxelmwifo kancelariis win sajarod gadavisxa navTi da
Tavi daviwva, xolo sanam Tavs daviwvavde, vficav Cemi Svilis
suls, rom or-sam kacs visac Cems gaubedurebaSi xeli urevia,
aucileblad gamovasalmeb sicocxles.
Cemi da maTi codva imis kiserze iyos, vinc Cem winaSe umadurobis, gulgrilobis da cinizmis betonis kedeli aRmarTa!~
vuyurebdi sibrazisagan galurjebul zurab ninuas da ar
dagimalavT, SemeSinda.
Tu me kacis cnobisa rame gamegeba, gTxovT merwmunoT,
zurab ninua Camdenia imisa, rac Tqva.
aravis egonos es Cemi gamosvla tragikuli speqtaklis preludiaa.
me vici zurab ninuas sasowarkveTili RaRadisi Sublsqel
adamianebs Sublis ZarRvs ar Seutokebs da zurgze balans ar
auwvavs, magram saqarTvelos prezidents, parlamentis Tavmjdomares da umaRlesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomares vTxov erTi
wamiT gadadon TavianTi rTuli saqme da yuri miapyron zurab
ninuas sabediswero kvnesas.
zurab ninuam daaarsa merab kostavas saxelobis Teatri.
daaarsa Tbilisis im ubanSi, sadac qarTuli sityva esoden
saWiroa.
mere viRacas merab kostava Tu zurab ninua ar moewona
maRal eSelonebSi da zurab ninua, mis mier Seqmnili Teatridan gaaTavisufles.
gaaTavisufles sruliad udanaSaulod da usabuTod.
mizez-mizez rom dos marili aklia, swored im sindromma
gaakeTa Tavisi Sav-bneli saqme.
enas Zvali ara aqvs da qoTans yurs romel mxaresac gsurs,
iqeT gamovabamT, magram faqti erTia: zurab ninuas Teatri
waarTves, avlabarSi kulturis kera Caaqvres da merab kostavas
saxelobis Teatris Senoba calkeulma firmebma farTlisa Tu
416
27. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
27 marti, 2001 w.
417
snikersis jixurebad, samorine oTaxebad da sapedikure salonebad dainawiles.
marTali mamis dRisiT-mzisiT umowyalod daCagvrac iyo
erTi mizezi imisa, rom SesaniSnavma poetma, vaJkacma, zurab
ninuas Svilma rati ninuam Tavi moikla.
verc am tragediam SeaSfoTa avis Camdenni, arc amis Semdeg
Wama samarTalma puri.
axla Saosani mama imuqreba TviTdawviT.
rao batonebo, ise Zlieria sxvisi Wiri Robes Cxiris andaza, rom verc saqarTvelos prezidentis da verc am darbazSi
msxdomTa guls ver gaalRobs?!
6 ivnisi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
didi gamococxlebaa darbazSi. qveyanaSi erovneba gauqmebulia da ar gadardebT, advokaturis sruliad Cveulebrivi
kanoni ki ase gaRelvebT. mesmis, roca samewarmeo kontrolis
kanonma Rrmad dagainteresaT, radganac saqarTvelo xom mxolod Semmowmebel-gamakontrolebeli saxelmwifoa. erTi ram
mikvirs fabrika-qarxnebi ar muSaobs, sofelze balaxia gadavlili, Tqven ki makontroleblis funqciebs aZlierebT, ras
akontrolebT am daqceul qveyanaSi ver gamigia.
Tumca Tqven kargad xvdebiT saiT ukakuneben Cveni `reformatorebi~. gamocdomaniiT maT qveyanaSi nacadi kadrebi TavianTi damqaS-TanatolebiT Secvales. axla jeri advokatebze
midga. Turme nu ityviT, kaci, romelmac umaRlesi saswavleblis iuridiuli fakulteti daamTavra, saxelmwifo gamocdebi
Caabara _ advokatadac ar gamodgeba, ratom vucxadebT aseT
undoblobas Cvens profesuras?
iciT Tu ara Tqven, rom gamocdas Tan uamravi fsiqologiuri faqtori axlavs da iqneb saukeTeso advokatmac ver Semoxazos sworad Tqven mier ukuRmarTulad Sedgenili testi?
ratom ar vcemT Rirsebas, gamocdilebas pativs?
xom xedavT, rogor Caflavda sasamarTlo reforma. Tqven
mier `gamocdili~ mosamarTleni xom gaormagebiT iReben qrTams, gaikiTxeT nebismier sasamarTloSi da darwmundebiT.
CqarobT, ymawvilo `reformatorebo~.
418
iqneb kidev erTxel davubrundeT am kanonproeqts. sakvalifikacio CaTvlebi albaT saWiroa, magram ara yvelasaTvis amjerad. nu SevuracxyofT aprobirebul, saxelovan advokatebs
Tqveni ybadaRebuli gamocdebiT.
8 ivnisi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
aqamde ar gvqonda kanoni muzeumebis Sesaxeb, magram gvqonda muzeumebi. dRes miviRebT kanons muzeumebis Sesaxeb, magram is, rasac es kanoni unda emsaxuros, TiTqmis ukve aRar
arsebobs.
rva welia moqalaqeTa kavSiri marTavs qveyanas da sxva `sikeTeebTan~ erTad isic dagvmarTa, rom muzeumebi sabolood
gaaCanaga. Tumca funqcionerebi gafuWebuli gramofoniviT
yalbi paTetiurobiT wamdauwum imeoreben lozungs: `kultura gadaarCens saqarTvelos~.
kanonproeqtSi muzeumebi dayofilia saxelmwifo da
arasaxelmwifo muzeumebad. es dayofa mxolod im savalalo
finansurma mdgomareobam gamoiwvia, rom saxelmwifo ver uzrunvelyofs uamravi muzeumis dafinansebas da gauwiravs isini
adgilobrivi biujetis anabara. xolo adgilobrivi biujetis
gadamkide e. w. `ger muzeumTa~ TanamSromlebs weliwad-naxevaria xelfasi ar miuRiaT da sruliad bunebrivia, rom maTi
samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebis mdgomareoba maTi
xelfasebis pirdapirproporciulia.
axlaxan gaxldiT konstantine gamsaxurdias da niko
lorTqifaniZis saxl-muzeumebSi da mZime suraTi vixile, am
ori didi qarTveli mwerlis memorialuri muzeumebi TiTqmis
iavarqmnilia.
vfiqrob, yvela muzeumi saxelmwifos zrunvis sagani unda
iyos da arasaxelmwifo muzeumi saerTod ar unda arsebobdes.
iqneb, am TvalsazrisiTac gadagvexeda warmodgenili kanonproeqtisaTvis?
qalbatono sesili, SarSan Cven gavxseniT galaktionis
saxl-muzeumi TbilisSi. igi qalaqis meriam da mweralTa kavSirma daiqvemdebara, Sedegi ki is miviReT, rom muzeumis
TanamSromlebs, ukve rva Tvea xelfasi ar miuRiaT.
419
sanam kanonproeqts calkeul muxlTa mixedviT ganvixilavT, iqneb winaswar gaiTvaliswinoT Cemi SeniSvna da kulturis saministros xelmZRvanelobas dauqvemdebaroT muzeumebi.
3 ivlisi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
CavamTavreT es sagazafxulo sesiac da parlamenti dasasveneblad mieSureba.
gekiTxebiT, gvaqvs dasvenebis ufleba Cveni daqceuli qveynis gadamkideT?
ram unda dagvasvenos da mogvasvenos, roca vercerTi dapireba ver SevusruleT saqarTvelos?
axlaxans Cvenma prezidentma karsukan, daxuruli molaparakebiT kidev erTxel daudastura ruseTs, rom gudauTidan
rusis bazis gatanas ar vapirebT.
gvlanZRavs axla dasavleTis presa; ra bzikma ukbina saqarTvelos stambolis samitis winaaRmdeg rom wavidao.
gamodis, zogi pravakatori-politikosi da TvalSi nacars
gvayris _ iq, gudauTaSi, rusis samSvidobo Zalebi, rom ar
dagvetovebina, bazas afsuebi da Crdilokavkasielebi daikavebdneno.
vis atyuebT, batono, saqarTvelos gamyidvelebo? xom naxeT, vin `daikava~ vazianis baza, roca russ iqedan kudi amoaZuebines, xom naxeT, rogor uTvlidnen rusebs saTiTaod javSanteqnikas gatanis win saerTaSoriso damkvirveblebi?
Cvenma winamaswarobam is mogvitana, rom ruseTs kvlav vemonebiT, dasavleTi ki Zveleburad aRar gvendoba.
axla sxva vTqvaT. rao, miviReT didebuli, demokratiuli
saarCevno kanoni da SegviZlia mSvidad viyoT? ar aris ase.
Tqven opoziciis arc erTi SeniSvna ar gaiTvaliswineT da am
saarCevno kanoniT kidev erTxel gadauWeriT gza WeSmaritad
xalxis warmomadgenlebs adgilobrivi xelisuflebisaken.
TiTs TiTze ar daakarebT ganaTlebis sistemis dasaxmareblad da seqtemberSi gaikvirvebT bevrgan uxelfaso maswavleblebi swavlebas rom ar ganaaxleben.
ra dagasvenebT, mipasuxeT, batono parlamentarebo?
420
11 seqtemberi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
me dRes am darbazSi arc opoziciis saxeliT gamovdivar da
arc Cemi fraqciis saxeliT.
gamovdivar piradad Cemi saxeliT.
daviwyeT dRes saSemodgomo sesia da kargad xedavT, rom
parlamentSi opoziciis adgilebi carielia.
gamarjvebulis ieriT nu Sexedaven am savarZlebs poziciis
pativcemuli wevrebi.
nurc ironiulad ganacxadebs zurab Jvania _ opozicia
gardaicvalao.
azri opoziciis gardacvalebis Sesaxeb naadrevi da
gadaWarbebulia.
iqneb ukeTesi iyos vilaparakoT mizezebze, romlis gamoc
opoziciam uari Tqva umravlesobasTan TanamSromlobaze.
upirvelesi mizezi is gaxlavT, rom Tqven mxolod sityviT
laparakobT Tanxmobaze, TanamSromlobaze da faqtiurad arcerTi winadadeba opoziciisa ar gaiziareT.
saxeldobr:
roca ministrebs amtkicebdiT, arcerTi kandidatura
opoziciis mier warmodgenili Tanamdebobas ar gaakareT.
maxsovs, valeri gabelia warvadgineT soflis meurneobis ministris moadgiled da imasac ki uari uTxariT.
roca opoziciam warmoadgina kanonproeqti Tavisufali
ekonomiuri zonis Sesaxeb, Tavi moikaliT da ar miiReT. ara
da am kanonproeqtis maudqveS amodebiT saxelmwifo yovelwliurad kargavs aT milion dolars.
opozicia bevrs ecada rogorme gaedemokratiulebina
kanoni adgilobrivi xelisuflebis arCevnebis Sesaxeb, magram
amaod. adeqiT da miiReT kanoni, romelSic absoluturad
uaryofilia opoziciis roli da romelic fesvebs umagrebs
erTpartiul mmarTvelobas saqarTveloSi.
me, piradad, rogorc samoqalaqo integraciis anu erovnul
saqmeTa komitetis Tavmjdomaris moadgile ori welia vibrZvi gavauqmebino parlaments drakonuli kanoni `erovnuli
rekvizitis Sesaxeb~, romlis ZaliTac saqarTveloSi gauqmebu-
421
lia qarTveli eri. mivdivar prezidentTan, vuTanxmeb kanonproeqts erovnebis aRdgenis Sesaxeb. prezidentis kabinetidan
gamosuli Sevdivar JvaniasTan. Jvaniac Tanaxmaa, TiTqos saqmes
xels araferi uSlis da meore diliT Jvania meubneba: sakiTxi
dRis wesrigidan imitom amoviRe, rom SuaRamisas prezidentma
damireka da Tqvens SeTanxmebaze uari miTxrao.
ai, ra TvalTmaqcoba xdeba saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi.
am ugergilo da xSirad absoluturad uunaro marTvis wyalobiTaa, rom kvlav aqtualuria Tanamedrove saqarTvelos
sami umTavresi sakiTxi:
1. teritoriuli mTlianobis aRdgenisTvis Tqven saeWvo TamaSs TamaSobT. russ kuds uqicinebT da dasavleTsac
atyuebT _ vireSmakuli motyuebiT, amitomac dasavleTi karga
xania aRar gvendoba.
2. dRemde ver avamuSaveT mrewveloba. saqarTveloSi arcerTi kanoni ar sruldeba privatizebuli sawarmoebis xelSeuxeblobis sakiTxis garda. nuTu aT weliwadSi fabrika-qarxnebi
ver unda agvemuSavebina? sanam viyoT baJisa da gadasaxadebis
Semyure?
3. sadacaa kars mogvadgeba zamTari, jer kidev ver gadavuwyviteT Cvens gaubedurebul, motyuebul xalxs sinaTlisa da
gazis sakiTxi, isev gvelis grafiki da isev gvelis quCebis gadaketva anTebuli saburavebiT. rao, ramdenjer unda SevaxsenoT
xelisuflebas, rom gazafxuls _ zafxuli, xolo Semodgomas
_ zamTari mohyveba?
ratom vuSvebT wamdauwum miutevebel Secdomebs?
iqneb droa, sityvidan saqmeze gadavideT, batonebo?
iqneb droa, sibneleSi xelis cecebiT vipovoT erTmaneTi
da saqarTvelos gadarCenis gzebi erTad veZeboT?
me imitom mivatove Cemi saweri magida da am parlamentSi
imitom Semovedi, rom saqarTvelos gadarCenaSi wili damedo.
jerjerobiT ver vxedav umravlesobis saqcielsa da saqmeebSi qveynis Svelis mamuliSvilur survils.
magram yurSi ufro da ufro mZafrad Camesmis ukmayofilo
xalxis guguni, rac Cvens xelisuflebas savalalo beds uqadis.
422
27 seqtemberi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
saqarTvelos yofna-aryofnis dramatul saaTebs ganvicdiT.
11 seqtembris amerikis katastrofis Semdeg msoflio
Seicvala.
Sors ar aris amerikasa da ruseTs Soris msoflios xelaxla gadanawilebis dRe.
me dasavluri orientaciis kaci var, magram xom faqtia,
rom Cvenma mokavSire amerikam am rva wlis ganmavlobaSi qmediTi araferi gaakeTa; arc nota gaugzavna da arc ekonomiuri
sanqciebi dauwesa ruseTs, raTa am ukanasknels CvenTvis daebrunebina afxazeTi da samaCablo.
dRes ki amerikas Tavisi problemebi daawva da xom xedavT
buSma guSin putins CeCneTSi da mis mxardamWer qveynebSi moqmedebis Tavisuflebis ufleba misca.
ruseTi ki yoveldRe wamlavs eTers `teroristTa Semfarebeli~ saqarTvelos lanZRva-ginebiT.
es xom saqarTvelos dabombvis preludiaa, batonebo.
diax, teroristTa likvidaciis sababiT rusi pankisis xeobas dabombavs da axmeta-Telavsac zed miayolebs.
Semova isev rusuli tanki da amiT damTavrdeba saqarTvelos eiforiuli damoukidebloba.
ra unda gaakeTos am wuTebSi parlamentma?
pirveli: mokle gancxadebiT mTel msoflios unda gavagebinoT am safrTxis Sesaxeb, avtexoT gangaSi, raTa agresors
niRabi CamovglijoT da ganzraxvaze xeli avaRebinoT.
meore: Tu Cvens prezidents da parlamentis Tavmjdomares
raime arxebi gaaCniaT da CemsaviT televiziidan ar gebuloben ra xdeba msoflioSi, saswrafod daukavSirdnen amerikas,
dasavleTis saxelmwifoebs da moiTxovon saqarTvelos dacvis
garantiebi.
amis nacvlad vzivarT dRes aq da vismenT beletristul
gancxadebebs (ukve 4 gancxadeba movismineT), romelSic mglis
Tavze saxarebis kiTxvis ambavi TamaSdeba. aRar unda gavaneboT
Tavi am vegetarianul politikas?! `III Zala~, `gareSe Zala~ _
423
vimeorebT wamdauwum da ver vbedavT, msoflios vuTxraT, rom
afxazeTi da samaCablo ruseTma wagvarTva `droa separatistulma soxumma Seignoso~, vambobT, sircxvilia es, batonebo.
marTla xom ar hgonia dRes aq vinmes rom Cven separatistma
afsuebma dagvamarcxes da gamogvyares afxazeTidan?!
sanam sagnebs Tavis saxels ar davarqmevT, wylis nayvaa, es
yvelaferi, batono parlamentarebo.
10 oqtomberi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
parlaments da mTel saqarTvelos simSvidisaken movuwodeb.
ruseTma guSin kodoris xeoba dabomba.
am dabombvaSi axali TiTqmis araferia.
saqarTvelo ruseTTan saomar mdgomareobaSia im dRidan,
rac man 1991 wlis 9 aprils saqarTvelos damoukidebloba gamoacxada.
ruseTma sam weliwadSi daamxo saqarTvelos erovnuli xelisufleba, wagvarTva afxazeTi da samaCablo da axla gvarTmevs kodoris xeobas.
aq gaisma, davxuroT parlamentis sxdomao. ratom davxuroT? vis davuxuroT? aq avtomatiT xelSi mebrZols Zalian
cotas vxedav, unda ibrZolon axalgazrdebma da ar gavagebinoT ra gvWirs, vin gvebrZvis... ise gavuSvaT sasaklaoze? nuTu
ar damTavrda ruseTisaTvis piris mowmendis politika?
Cvenma xelisuflebam xom erTxel ukve daumala omi saqarTvelos, axlac Cagvesmis: araferi sagangaSo ar xdebao. meti
sagangaSo ra unda moxdes_ dagvbomba ruseTma!
ar avtexoT gangaSi? ar gavagebinoT msoflios?
roca romelime qveyana saomar mdgomareobaSia, sainformacio saSualebebi Seuwyvetliv arian gadarTuli sagangaSo
informaciebze, CvenTan ra xdeba? am diliT `alionma~ gamoacxada, kodoris xeoba daibombao da am informacias cekvaTamaSi moayola.
wavikiTxe guSin ucxouri gazeTebi, movusmine ucxour
sainformacio saSualebebs da unda gauwyoT, rom msoflios
sazogadoebrivi azri Cvens mxarezea. rusuli mxaris absurdu-
424
li gancxadeba: qarTvelebma TviTon dabombes TavianTi teritoriao, aravin miiRo seriozulad.
ra gavakeToT? dResve, axlave, mzadyofnaSi unda moviyvanoT SeiaraRebuli Zalebi. unda daviwyoT saubari sayovelTao mobilizaciaze. gaxsovdeT, Tu axlac davTmobT kodoris
xeobas da mere Cveni `brZeni diplomatebis~ molaparakebis
imedze davdgebiT, es iqneba saqarTvelos Ralati.
parlamenti movlenebs kudSi ar unda misCanCalebdes. gavakeToT parlamentis gancxadeba, romelSic pirdapir mikibmokibvis gareSe iqneba naTqvami gavides saqarTvelodan ruseTis `samSvidobo jari~ da gatanil iqnas gudauTidan ruseTis
samxedro baza. sanam rusis Ceqma saqarTveloSia, Cven mSvidi
Zili ar gveRirseba.
12 oqtomberi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
arc erTi sferos adamianis saqmianobas ise ar sWirdeba
Tavisufleba, rogorc Semoqmed kacs; is mavne tradicia CvenSi
gadmosuli, rom SemoqmedebiTi kavSiri unda yofiliyo raRac
centri xelovanTa aRzrdisa, iyo WeSmaritad mankieri, ramac
gaamruda da mZime daRi daasva mTeli Taobebis Semoqmedebas.
rogorc iqna Cven am naxevrad damoukidebel da naxevrad demokratiul saqarTveloSi mivaRwieT imas, rom xelovani ramdenadme mainc Tavisufalia. SemoqmedebiTi kavSiri Tu ar gaerTianda, raRac erTi miznis, erTi esTetikuri Sexedulebebis,
principebis, Tundac erTiani politikuri Sexedulebebis,
romelic usaTuod unda gaaCndes xelovans, droSis qveS. igi
iqneba mxolod da mxolod xelisuflebisadmi daqvemdebarebuli da xelisuflebis damqaSi. miT umetes, maSin rodesac mas
Tavze xels usvams xelisufleba da romelime SemoqmedebiTi
kavSirisadmi gansakuTrebul simpaTias amJRavnebs umaRlesi
xelisufali. es dro da epoqa Tu ar damTavrdeba, Cven miviRebT Sedegad imas, rom SemoqmedebiTi kavSiris saTaveSi xandaxan gaZvreba pirovneba, romelsac WeSmarit SemoqmedebasTan
saeWvo kavSiri aqvs, magram gamaxvilebuli aqvs funqcioneris
grZnoba _ raTa mwerali xelisuflebisadmi an xelisufalisadmi erTgulebis grZnobiT `aRzardos~. ase warmarTavs igi
425
Tavis literaturul saqmianobasac da misadmi daqvemdebarebuli literaturuli organoebis saqmianobasac; da xelT, savalalo mdgomareoba gvrCeba. dRes cdiloben im Zalian cudi
kanonis galamazebas, magram... magaliTad, erTi punqti Cveni
axali kanonproeqtisa, mas hqvia `saerTo erovnuli kavSiri?!~
ese igi, unda iyo erTi mama-kavSiri, an deda-kavSiri saerTo
erovnuli da sxva patar-patara araerovnuli kavSirebi?
yvela kavSiri saerTo erovnuli kavSiria. amitom TviTon
termini SemoqmedebiTi kavSiris muSaobasTan dakavSirebiT
saerTod unda movxsnaT da amoviRoT, imitom rom SeiZleba
ase moxdes; askaciani kavSiri CaiTvleba saerTo erovnul kavSirad, xolo TxuTmetkaciani kavSiri ki ara. ra unda dRes
asi kacis mogrovebas, miT umetes, roca araviTari kriteriumi
xelovanis xelovanobis dadgenisa ar arsebobs. amitom SemoqmedebiTi kavSiri, rogorc iyo damoukidebel saqarTveloSi,
romelic gatardeba registraciaSi da eqneba moqalaqeobrivi
ufleba Tavisi Tavi Tanamoazre SemoqmedTa jgufad gamoacxados, igi Tavisi rangiT da uflebiT unda CaiTvalos Tanabrad,
rasac Cven vuwodebT saerTo erovnul kavSirs. es aris gadmonaSTi da arajansaRi urTierToba sxvadasxva Tvalsazrisze,
sxvadasxva esTetikur poziciaze mdgomi mwerlebisa da maTi
xelovnurad gaerTianebis cda.
amitom unda gansazRvrul iqnas, rom SemoqmedebiTi kavSiri Tavisufali organizaciaa WeSmaritad da ise, rogorc
eklesia cdilobs, magram bolomde ver gaTavisuflebula xelisuflebis marjve xelisagan; araviTaari kavSiri xelisuflebis organosTan da miT umetes, aseTi gamorCeuli daxmareba. da pozicia davexmaroT marto saerTo erovnul kavSirSi
gaerTianebulebs da ar davexmaroT Tavisi surviliT gaerTianebul SemoqmedebiT kavSirebs, arasworia.
me gavafrTxileb xelisuflebas da sazogadoebas, es aris
arajansaRi damokidebuleba, es aris artaxebSi Cayeneba Tavisufali Semoqmedisa. es unda gaviTvaliswinoT. miuxedavad imisa,
esa Tu is Semoqmedi aqebs Tu ara arsebul xelisuflebas, arsebul wes-wyobilebas. Tu igi WeSmariti xelovania, xelisuflebam
unda gaiTvaliswinos da erTnairad unda daexmaros. me gTxovT,
amoviRoT kanonproeqtidan termini saerTo erovnuli kavSiri
426
da ganisazRvros saxelmwifosgan sruli damoukidebloba, Tu
gnebavT gamoyofac ki SemoqmedebiTi kavSirisa.
SeiZleba Cadebuli iqnas erTi striqoni kanonproeqtSi, sadac miTiTebuli iqneba, rom kavSirma gaaZlieros moTxovna
Tavis axalmiRebul wevrze. da saerTod, rodesac Tanamoazre
adamianTa jgufi erTiandeba, Tu masSi cnobili mwerali, msaxiobi, mxatvari da sxv. ar aris, iusticiis saministrom ar unda
gaataros. xandaxan SemoqmedebiTi kavSiris saTaveSi dgas absoluturad araprofesionali. mas aranairi moraluri ufleba ar aqvs masTan misul axalgazrda xelovans serTifikati
misces da akurTxos igi, marTla aris mwerali, poeti Tu ara.
adamianTa SemoqmedebiTi momavliT TamaSi es aris uaRresad
mankieri mxare da aucileblad unda aRmoifxvras. serTifikatis gacema CaiTvalos ararealur, arasaWiro, uxerxul garemoebad. gamonaklisi SeiZleba davuSvaT Tu vinme SemoqmedTagani debs raime xelSekrulebas an sazRvargareT miemgzavreba
igi. gasces mis saxelze aseTi serTifikati nebismierma SemoqmedebiTma kavSirma da daudasturos es serTifikati-rekomendacia kulturis saministrom. madloba RmerTs, dRes Cveni
kulturis ministri obieqturi, ganaTlebuli qalia da imedi
gvaqvs, igi ar gascems am rekomendacias, Tu darwmunebuli ar
aris, rom igi namdvili xelovania da ara aCemebuli da dabralebuli aqvs xelovneba. da xelisuflebam ki ar unda gasces
serTifikati, aramed unda daudasturos, rom aris romelime
SemoqmedebiTi gaerTianebis wevri.
18 oqtomberi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
ra mkiTxav-vardua iyo saWiro imis misaxvedrad, rom qveyanaSi, sadac ar muSaobs mrewveloba, gayinulia soflis meurneoba da Semosavlis erTaderTi wyaro baJi an gaRatakebuli
moqalaqisTvis gadasaxadis waglejaa, biujetis sekvestri usaTuod dagvWirdeboda.
vzivarT axla da damnaSaves veZebT.
rasakvirvelia, veTanxmebi imaT, vinc Tqva: nebismier wesier
qveyanaSi, roca amxela sabiujeto garRvevaa, mTavroba uyoymanod gadadgebao.
427
magram Cven xom wesieri da normaluri qveyana ara varT da
aq gamosuli ministrebi jiutad gvicxadeben, yurebze xaxvsac
ver dagvaWriTo.
giTxraT simarTle, ara var momxre yvela erTi joxiT
gairekos, Tu finansistebma cudad imuSaves, ras verCiT im ministrebs, visac cda ar dauklia, Tavisi ubnis asaRorZineblad?
ZaRlis Tavi sadac marxia, iq unda veZeboT.
vTqvaT, Cveni bedisweraa, rom aTi welia mrewveloba da
soflis meurneoba adgilidan ver davZariT, eg, rogorc
vatyob, marto ministrebis brali ar gaxlavT. qveyanas mafiaTa jadoqruli xeli marTavs.
iq rogorRa gvaqvs saqme, sadac fulis gaReba maincdamainc
ar iyo saWiro?
am oriode kviris win parlamentma Cemi winadadebiT miiRo
dadgenileba saqarTvelodan ruseTis e. w. samSvidobo jaris
gayvanis Sesaxeb.
prezidentic mowonebiT Sexvda am dadgenilebas da xalxSic xma dairxa: Zlivs am parlamentma erTi erovnul-vaJkacuri nabiji mainc gadadgao.
saqarTvelos imedi Caesaxa gulSi: rusi wava da afxazeTsamaCablos davibrunebTo.
ratom CahkaliT es imedi, batono prezidento?
ori kviraa xels ar awerT Tqven mier mowonebul am dadgenilebas; rao, ver eleviT dampyrobeli rusis jars? rao, ar
gemetebaT rusis Ceqma saqarTvelodan wasasvlelad?
jer iyo da rusis jaris ukraineli mSvidobismyoflebiT
Canacvlebaze atyda laparaki. axla esec miCumda.
nuTu parlaments meti angariSi ar unda gauwios batonma
prezidentma?
kargad vici, rusi ase iolad rom ar amoikveTs fexs saqarTvelodan, magram Cven xom Cveni unda vcadoT.
Tu ar gavlen, keTili vineboT da statusi SevucvaloT:
samSvidobo jaris nacvlad namdvili saxeli `ruseTis saokupacio jari~ davarqvaT.
ar maxsovs, rame mniSvnelovani kanonproeqti Semoetanos
Cvens biuros da mas ukan gangaS-foriaqi ar mohyolodes.
ariqa, dResve, axlave Tu ar miviReT es kanoni, mere gvian
iqnebao.
428
ase iyo ganaTlebisTvis 60 mln. vals rom videbdiT, ase iyo
nulovan variants rom vixilavdiT, asea axlac: gvaSineben, Tu
sekvestrs mxars ar davuWerT, msoflio banki 70 mln. vals ar
mogvcemso.
ratom gvaCqareben ase? saiT miaCiqCiqeben saqarTvelos?
ratom ugrovebT ase uRmerTod valebs xvalindel saqarTvelos?
ra dagiSavaT jer daubadebelma Taobebma?
win gidevT sekvestri. CaxedeT, ras Seexo xarjebis Semcireba? fuliani magnatebi kvlav Zveleburad dafinansdebian.
sekvestri Seexo upatrono, socialurad daucvel ubnebs: ganaTlebas, kulturas, literaturul Jurnalebs, biblioTekebs...
`gauTvaliswinebel xarjebs~ ver axles xeli. ara da me xom
vici, ras hqvia, ras xmardeba es gauTvaliswinebeli xarjebi:
xelisufal gvamTa gauTavebel voiaJebs sazRvargareT, maTi
villebisa da manqanebis Senaxvas.
me arc biujetis damtkicebisTvis mimicia xma, radgan kargad vicodi, rom igi Seusrulebadi, gaberili biujeti iyo.
arc sekvestrs davuWer mxars, radganac es danaSaulebrivi
sekvestria, xolo xalxis gaRletaSi damnaSaveni arc amjerad
daisjebian.
26 oqtomberi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
gareT axla didi mitingia.
`rusTavi 2~-is dasacavi aqcia xalxmraval mitingSi gadaizarda da saSiS xasiaTs iZens.
momitingeebma kargad ar ician, ra saqmeze moityues isini
parlamentTan, arc `rusTav 2~-is poziciaze da mimarTulebaze aqvT mTlad zusti warmodgena, Torem, iqneb sxvagvarad
moqceuliyvnen.
Tavisufal masmedias vicavTo, gahyvirian. Tavisufali
`rusTavi 2~ ki Tavisufalia erovnuli cnobierebisgan. qada­gebs
unapiro kosmopolitizms, winaaRmdegia qarTvels sabuTebSi
qarTveli eweros, SuaRamisas sazogadoebas ryvnis arajansaRi naxevrad homoseqsualuri filmebiT da ai, aseTi telem-
429
auwyeblis dasacavad gamovida quCaSi xuTi aTasi axalgazrda,
romelsac azrad ar mosvlia kodoris dabombvis winaaRmdeg an
rusis jaris zugdididan gasvlis winaaRmdeg gamosuliyo.
ise, kacma rom Tqvas, Cveni studentebi amas winaT Cven samarcxvinod, gamocdebis gauqmebis winaaRmdeg rom gamovidnen,
es SedarebiT wingadadgmuli nabijia.
nu avyvebiT umwifari, politikaSi gaucnobierebeli axalgazrdebis rokvas, batono parlamentarebo.
Tu brbo erTxel miaRwevs Tavisas, meorejerac mogadgeba
ministrebis gasarekavad.
Tu ara varT saxelmwifo, gamovacxadoT, Tu saxelmwifo
varT, saxelmwifos Tavisi kanonebi aqvs da anarqiis alagmvis
Tavisi saSualebani gaaCnia.
rac Seexeba kakubavas sakiTxs.
boris kakubava erovnul moZraobaSi TavgamoCenili kacia _
mebrZoli, patrioti, ukompromiso, uangaro...
igi parlamentis wevria da samarcxvinoa, rom ori welia
parlamentSi ar vuSvebT da garegare dadis.
Tu fridon injiasTvis SeiZleboda imunitetis SenarCuneba, boris kakubavam ra daaSava?
mivceT saSualeba gamovides, parlamentis sxdomaze da Tavisi simarTle daamtkicos!
9 noemberi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
ase xalxmravali, ase gafacicebuli, ase SemarTuli parlamenti ori welia aqa var da jer ar minaxavs.
ra xdeba aseTi, iqneb gamarkvioT.
parlamentis Tavmjdomares, sxdomebis wamyvans virCevT,
meti xom araferi.
wesier qveyanaSi unda garbodes Tavmjdomareobis kandidati; ar damRupoT, ar amirCioTo da Cven unda mivsdevdeT, vexvewebodeT; ariqa, uars nu gvetyvi, dagvideqi Tavmjdomared
da gvemsaxureo.
dRes ki, Tu ase gagrZelda, albaT dilamde mogviwevs am
darbazSi darCena.
430
aris CurCuli, xmosanTa gadmobireba-garigeba, nervuli
gasvla-gamosvla... mereda risTvis, batonebo?
kodoris xeobas bombavs rusi, afsua naZiralebi okupantebad gvacxadeben, saqarTvelos miwaze gamravlebuli ucxo
Tesli saxelmwifoebs qmnis da xval samaCabloSi `samxreT oseTis respublikis~ prezidentis arCevnebia, gaero gulisamrev, vegetarianul rezoluciebs iRebs da `mSvidobis mtredi~
_ diter bodeni istoriuli samarTlianobis aRdgenisTvis
TiTs-TiTze ar akarebs. biujeti Caflavda da ganmkiTxavi aravinaa, gazi gadaketes, xval eleqtroenergias gagviTiSaven...
da aseT dros Cven aq Sublzeofgadamdinareni imaze
viklavT Tavs, vin avirCioT parlamentis Tavmjdomared.
Cveni Semyure ityvis, albaT, yvelaferi mogvarebuli aqvs
am xalxs da isRa darCeniaT, parlamentis Tavmjdomaris gaWianurebuli arCevnebiT gairTon Tavio.
aRar unda damTavrdes skamebisaTvis gamarTuli es samarcxvino maraToni, batonebo?
4 dekemberi, 2001 w.
batonebo,
am kviris samuSao gegmaSi isev ministrTa kandidaturebis
damtkicebaa mTavar saqmed miCneuli.
xalxis gacurebis es grandiozuli, orkviriani Sou dasasruls uaxlovdeba. amaod Cauvlia ori kviris winandel mitingebs. `ase iyo da ase iqnebas~ civi wyali gadavasxiT moqalaqeebs. moatyua isini prezidentma, dapirebebiT daaSoSmina
da isev is `Semadgenloba~ warudgina parlaments oriode ministri Secvala mxolod. am fonze Tavs nebas vaZlev, vikiTxo:
ekonomika-mrewvelobis sferodan marto vano CxartiSvili
darCa WeSmaritad `gadayenebuli~, ratom? gana vano CxartiSvilis gasaTavisufleblad iyo aTiaTasi kaci Sekrebili parlamentis win?
rac Seexeba levan ZnelaZes, igi erTi Tvis daniSnuli iyo
sagadasaxado da Semosavlebis ministrad. im erT TveSi ramdenadac SeeZlo, iseTi sasikeTo kvali daatyo am urTules
saministros. axla Tavidan vamtkicebT da isev misi programa
431
unda gaxdes dRes Cveni ganxilvisa da ganCxrekvis sagani. nuTu
ar SeiZleba iseTi meqanizmi SevimuSavoT moxsna-daniSvnisa,
rom axalgazrda kacs Tavisi Zalebis gamovlenis meti saSualeba mivceT? minda gkiTxoT, vin gegmavs sagadasaxado politikas (Tqven rom fiskalurs eZaxiT) da monawileobs Tu ara am
dagegmvaSi ministri. xom ar SeiZleba davgegmoT aralearuli
gadasaxadi da mere yoveli Tvis bolos wavavloT yurSi xeli
ministrs, gegmas ratom ar asrulebo. gamodis, rom finansTa
ministrs roca unda, maSin SeuZlia sagadasaxado ministris
moxsna. daugegmavs gaberil gadasaxads da mere `ololos~
SesZaxebs, ver Seasrulao.
axla finansTa ministri dgas dasamtkicebel `tatamze~.
gekiTxebiT, batono zurab?
ori SekiTxva maqvs:
pirveli: saqarTveloSi cotani darCnen meore msoflio
omis monawileni. Tqven ama wlis meoTxe kvartlidan omis veteranTa hospitlis dafinanseba sekvestrSi moayoleT da faqtiurad gaauqmeT es hospitali. nuTu ar ganaRvlebT CemTvis
`mamebis da biZebis~ TqvenTvis ki `papa-babuebis~ bedi? gavatanoT am xalxs saflavSi gulgrilobis saSineli sevda?
meore: saqarTvelos saerTo-erovnuli mweralTa kavSiris
dafinanseba, gagixariaT, urigo saqme ar gaxlavT, magram dRes
rom Tqven Zveli inerciiT (rogorc Cans, SevardnaZis miTiTebiT) mxolod `tradiciuls~ afinansebT. ratom? ra dagiSavaT
sxva SemoqmedebiTma kavSirebma?
18 dekemberi, 2001 w.
win policielebi da ltolvilebi. didi Zalisxmeva damWirda,
rom orive mxare dameSoSminebina da sisxli ar daRvriliyo,
magram es daSoSmineba, mogexsenebaT, droebiTia.
orive mxares Tavisi simarTle aqvs. Cven parlamentma am
problemas rogorme unda movuaroT.
kerZod: kodoris xeoba icleba. miuxedavad imisa, rom Tavdacvis saministrom orasiode jariskaci Seiyvana xeobis dasacavad, SeSinebuli mosaxleoba mainc gamorbis. Cveni kurdRlad qceuli mosaxleobisa me veraferi gamigia, sakmarisia
rusis oriode TviTmfrinavma gadaifrinos, rom vtovebT mamapapaTa samkvidros da uwa-uwa gamovrbivarT.
`Cveni megobari~ diter bodeni, romelic `friad gaisarja~
rom afxazeTi ver davibrunoT, dgas da mTeli xmiT gahyviris:
saqarTvelom gaiyvanos jari kodoris xeobidan, Torem `batoni arZinba~ saqarTvelosTvis molaparakebas ar ganaaxlebso.
kidev erTxel gvatyuebs diter bodeni (da Sesabamisad rusul-afxazuri mxare), batonebo. sakmarisia gamoviyvanoT Cveni, TiTqmis umniSvnelo, samxedro kontingenti, rom svanebis
mier mitovebul saxl-kars im dResve daepatronebian afsuebi
da am saaxalwlod axal saCuqars _ amjerad kodoris xeobas
mivarTmevT mters.
davsvaT sxdomaze es sakiTxi. vfiqrob, es ufro mniSvnelovani problemaa, vidre, visi qmari sad dainiSnos da visi
colisZma ra Cin-temlakebiT dajildovdes.
meore: SeniSvna unda mogceT qalbatono Tavmjdomarev.
Tqven wina sxdomaze erTxel kidev dagvpirdiT, rom saqarTveloSi erovnebis aRdgenisa da saxelmwifo enis sakiTxs SeitandiT dRis wesrigSi. ratom gadaifiqreT?
isev xom ar grZeldeba SeTqmuleba qarTuli erovnuli cnobierebis winaaRmdeg? mxolod moqmedi pirni xom ar gamoicvalnen da meti araferi? gaigeT, aRar gvsurs `igiveni da ofelia!~
batonebo,
am diliT eqvs saaTze damirekes taSkentis quCidan. yurmilSi aRelvebul adamianTa gniasi ismoda. mivedi maSinve. geologiis institutis SenobaSi kodoris xeobidan ltolvilTa
17 ojaxi SeWrila wuxelis. institutis direqtorma miTxra:
samsarTuliani Senobis ori sarTuli ltolvilebs uWiravs.
axla Cemi kabinetic daikaves da Tqven, rogorc parlamentis
wevrma, gamarkvieT, davxuroT saerTod instituti, Tu ra gzas
davadgeTo. `Zigli, Zigli mamalos~ pozaSi idgnen erTmaneTis
batonebo,
guSindeli isteria da saqarTveloze gadmonTxeuli Sxami
Tanamedrove ruseTis orientacia-ganwyobilebis gamoxatuleba gaxldaT.
432
28. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
28 Tebervali, 2002 w.
433
xom naxeT, politikosTa mglur ymuils rogor aubes mxari
rusuli Sovinisturi masmediis tura-melebma.
iqneb davamTavroT Cvenc sasurvelis realobad gamocxadebis TamaSiT. araviTari ori ruseTi ar arsebobs. ruseTi Cveni dauZinebeli mteri iyo da aris.
istorias aRar gamovedevnebi. istoriis furclebi, Cemze
ukeT mogexsenebaT, savsea gauTavebeli pirumtkicebiT, rusTa
RalatiT da Cveni Zvirfasi mkvdrebiT.
bolo aTwleuli gaixseneT: rom ityvian, jvars gvacva,
gvawama rusma. mesamedi saqarTvelo wagvarTva da yoveldRiurad misTvis Cveuli cinizmiT kata-Tagvobanas gveTamaSeba.
gamoagzavnis Cinovniks, aqaoda CarCo-xelSekrulebaze movilaparakoTo, sinamdvileSi dagvcinis.
vZulvarT! morCa da gaTavda.
SevardnaZem rom rusis keTilgonierebisken mobrunebas
ucada da uTmina, cda da lodini iseTi unda. magram ra gamovida amao dapirebebis da utifari tyuilis meti.
wuxelis, roca vazianis Tavze amerikuli vertmfrenebis
guguni gaisma, ilia WavWavaZis `dRes mercxali Semofrinda~
amekviata da aqamde, am mikrofonamde momyva.
xom vambobdi, rusi damoukideblobanaTi gvasulelebs,
Torem dResac Tavis yurmoWril monad, Tavis vasalad mivaCnivarT-meTqi.
ra erTsulovanni arian saqarTvelos lanZRvaSi. xom igrZeniT, rogor gavbedeT Turme da amerikul instruqtorebs
movuxmeT.
yovelgvar rusul provokaciebs unda velodoT. SeiZleba
afxazeTis da samaCablos mierTebis sakiTxi dadges `dumaSi~,
SeiZleba gazi da sinaTle gagviTiSon, SeiZleba `Wkua ixmaron~
da pankisis gawmendaSi amerikelebs `gverdiT amoudgnen~.
movuwodeb saqarTvelos prezidents, rusul ankess kidev
erTxel ar wamoegos da awi mainc ukan aRar daixios.
me Sorsa var im azrisagan, rom saqarTvelom erTi zesaxelmwifos gvamidan gamosulma, meore zesaxelmwifos uReli
daidgas mxarze. marTalia, CvenTvis sulerTia mgeli SegvWams,
Tu mglisferi tura, magram isic xom kargad mogexsenebaT,
rom Cveni geopolitikuri mdgomareoba Cveni bedisweraa. iseT
434
adgilze vcxovrobT, rom romelime Zlier koalicias Tu ar
mivadeT Tavi, usaTuod daviRupebiT. Cveni `keTili mezoblebi~ gagvwewaven da dagvinawileben. amiT Cveni bedi israelis
beds waagavs.
terorizmis, eqstremizmis, separatizmis winaaRmdeg brZolis gza dRes saqarTvelosTvis amerikaze gadis. ruseTis gavlenis sferos Cven aRar unda davubrundeT.
aq iTqva, sagareo saqmeTa ministri movides da viTarebaSi
gagvarkvioso. ra unda gviTxras sagareo saqmeTa ministrma
imaze meti, rac Cven viciT. Cven axla informaciaze aranaklebad parlamentis nebis gamoxatva gvWirdeba.
xom moismineT, saqarTvelos prezidentma amerikelebi parlamentTan SeuTanxmeblad moiwviao, gahyvirodnen rusi politikosebi.
hoda, dRes am darbazSi unda miviRoT dadgenileba da
mTel msoflios unda vacnoboT, rom saqarTvelos parlamenti miesalmeba aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis iniciativas
amerika Carios aramarto pankisis xeobaSi wesrigis damyarebis,
aramed warTmeuli teritoriebis dabrunebis operaciebSic, es
instruqtirebis, da iaraRis mowodebis doneze iqneba, Tu sxva
formiT gamoxatuli _ amas dro gviCvenebs.
es gaxlavT Cemi winadadeba.
istoria kidev erTxel gvaZlevs gadarCenis Sanss.
me mgonia, saqarTveloze ruseTis oraswlovani batonobis
epoqa mTavrdeba.
12 marti, 2002 w.
batonebo,
iyo erTi mouxelTebeli yaCaRi duru xurcilava. saqarTveloSi cnobili am abragis dasaWerad ar SeTqmulan Zalovani
struqturebi ise didsulovnad, rogorc mRvdel basil mkalaviSvilis `dasakaveblad~ dajardnen guSinwin.
ra sanaxaoba iyo?! ombudsmenis ofisSi mowveul iyvnen
policmeisteri, umaRlesi mosamarTle, prokurori, uSiSroeba da Tavisuflebis institutis `yoCaRi biWebi~. Sekrebis
mizans ar ikiTxavT? basil mkalaviSvilis gakoWva.
435
mesame dRes daiwyo operacia `basil mkalaviSvili~, raciagadamcemebiT, niRbebiT da pistolet-avtomatebiT SeiaraRebuli sami `niva~ miadga locvad Semdgar mama basils. RmerTis
TanadgomiT kidev erTi saswauli moxda da moZRvarma policielebi Tavad daapatimra.
gekiTxebiT, batono parlamentarebo da xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebo: nuTu yvelaze didi saqme Cveni damsjelobiTi
organoebisTvis sarwmunoebisTvis Tavdadebuli, am keTilSobili, Tavganwiruli mebrZoli mRvdlis basil mkalaviSvilis
daWera-motacebaa?
meore: erTi kviraa davasaflaveT ciliswamebis, moraluri
teroris msxverpli nugzar sajaia. megona, cota xans mainc
SeaCerebda misi sikvdili lanZRva-ginebis niaRvars ase erTbaSad rom iRvreba Cveni presis furclebidan.
xom ar gvemsjela specialurad JurnalistTa mier eTikurzneobrivi normebis dacvaze da polemikis stilze?
15 marti, 2002 w.
batonebo,
wuxelis mTeli Rame vfiqrobdi, ra Wkvianurad moviqeciT
guSin afxazeTis sakiTxis ganxilvis dros sxdoma rom davxureT, Torem imdeni saxelmwifo saidumlo iTqva am ori dRis
ganmavlobaSi Cveni ministrebis mier, es rom mters gaego, xom
daviRupebodiT.
amas, ra Tqma unda ironiiT mogaxsenebT.
gekiTxebiT, Tu meti araferi gvqonda saTqmeli, Rirda
drois dakargva am zogadi frazebis mosasmenad?
yuradRebiT vusmendi TiToeul gamomsvlels da TiTqmis
araferi axali ar mowvda Cems yurTasmenas, rac `axal TaobaSi~, `rezonansSi~ da `aliaSi~ ar wamikiTxavs.
Turme, nu ityviT: `afxazeTis dabruneba kargi ram aris
daubrunebloba _ cudia~.
xuTi moxseneba movismineT da kidev erTxel davrwmundi,
rom rac dro gadis, afxazeTi ufro da ufro gvSordeba.
iq qarTuli ena sabolood amoSanTes, galis skolebSi mxo­
lod rusulad aswavlian, mTeli afxazeTi Tavis miwian-kurortebianad rusebma da Turqebma Seisyides. SenaZeni saerTaSoriso
kanonebiT gaiformes da biWi xar, roca dabrundebi, waarTvi
436
Cernomirdins, oTosbirad nayidi biWvinTa, CamoarTvi rus milioners arZinbas qaliSvilisgan nayidi qarxnebi da sanatoriumebi. garda amisa, rogorc irkveva, katastrofulad Seicvala demografiuli suraTi. afxazeTSi, saqarTvelos am uZveles miwaze,
qarTvelTa ricxvi 48 procentidan 2 procentamde Semcirda.
maS, ra kvebavs Tqvens optimizms sul Rimil-RimiliT rom
CaikiTxeT Tqveni moxsenebebi, batono ministrebo?
ver dagikargavT, informacia mogvawodeT, magram faqtebis
aRnusxvas ar gaSorebixarT. sad aris analizi, movlenaTa
Tqveneuli xedva, rekomendaciebi?
zogma Cvenganma ordRian saafxazeTo Souze ukidegano gasaqani misca Tavis fantazias:
arZinba ukve cocxali leSiao. Tavisi saxeli da gvaric
aRar axsovso. Rrma sklerozi Sehyria da verafriT ver ixsenebs, rom odesRac afxazeTis TviTgamocxadebuli respublikis prezidentad muSaobdao.
msgavsi siuJetebi Tu gaxsovT, ukve iyo. es arZinbas mkvdrad
gamocxadebis meoTxe SemTxvevaa. SarSanwin mTel msoflios
movfineT, arZinba moskovis romeliRac morg-macivarSi `inaxebao~. erTi Tvis mere televiziiT gamovida afsuaTa wvrilTvala atamani da gamogvicxada; miTi Cemi gardacvalebis Sesaxeb
cota gadaWarbebuliao.
vTqvaT, uimedodaa amJamad avad. Zalovani ministrebi ase
erTsulovnad rom brZaneben: arZinbas danaSaulze tomebi
gvaqvs Sedgenilio, ratom erT maTgans mainc ar mouvida aqamde azrad es tomeulebi sasamarTlosTvis waredgina da sanqcia mainc mieRo im kacis samarTalSi micemaze, vinc qarTvelTa arnaxuli sisxlis kalo moawyo da velurebs Cveni Svilebis
TavebiT fexburTi aTamaSa?
sanam unda viyoT aseTi cvedani, vegetarianuli saxelmwifo, Tu saxelmwifo gvqvia saerTod?
dRes, roca manhetenis dangrevisTvis ben ladenis ZebnaSi garTuli amerika msoflios yoveli teroristul kuTxe-kunWulis
amoSanTvas cdilobs da miloSeviCs meeqvse Tvea saerTaSoriso
tribunali asamarTlebs, Cvens xelisuflebas ratom hyavs ase
saTuTad dacul-movlili arZinba? ra pativi gvca aseTi?
afxazeTis legitimur xelisuflebas lamis ignorireb-
437
ulvhyofT, TiTqmis arafers vekiTxebiT da im TvalTmaqcur,
afiora-molaparakebebSic ar vrevT, viTomda afxazeTis dasabruneblad rom mimdinareobs, am dros arZinbas da mis memkvidreebs aeroportSi vxvdebiT da saxelmwifo kancelariamde
taSiskvriT movacilebT.
sanam SeiZleba gaagrZeloT, batonebo, gaubedurebuli
ltolvilebis nervebze TamaSi?
nuTu ver xvdebiT, rom ltolvilebi karga xania migixvdnen arZinbasTan `gonivrul molaparakebebis~ satyuaras da am
molaparakebaTa Sedegad afxazeTSi Rirseulad dabrunebis
imedi aRara aqvT?
afxazeTi, Cven rom aTi wlis winaT davtoveT, ra mwarec
unda iyos amis Tqma, ukve aRar arsebobs. iq Tqven moqalaqeobamiRebuli da saerTaSoriso serTifikatebiT qoneba miwadamtkicebuli rusi, Turqi, CeCeni da Cerqez-yabardoeli dagxvdebaT.
gaivlis kidev aTi weli da afxazeTSi dabrunebis survilic aRaravis eqneba.
parlamentis biurom rom gansaxilvel-dasamtkiceblad
rezolucia-dadgenilebebi gaaSanSala ZiriTadad sworia (azris mixedviT), magram faqtiurad arafrismTqmeli, unugeSo,
drois gayvanaze gaTvlili dadgenilebebia.
dadgenilebebis yvela punqts aklia erTaderTi da mTavari
ram _ pasuxi kiTxvaze rodis, ramden xanSi.
kargia, rom erTguli vrCebiT parlamentis dadgenilebisa
(11 oqt. 2001) rusis samSvidobo jaris gayvanis Sesaxeb, magram
es zogadi fraza iqneba, Tu iqve ar mivuTiTebT: aRmasrulebelma xelisuflebam ama da am dromde uzrunvelhyos am dadgenilebis Sesrulebao.
kargia, rom afxazeTis de faqto xelisuflebas movuwodebT, miiRos saerTaSoriso institutebis mier SeTavazebuli
statusi, magram iqve unda iyos: `Tu es ama da am vadaSi ar
gakeTdeba, Cven iZulebuli gavxdebiT~ da a. S.
cudi rodia, rom ukidures SemTxvevaSi samSvidobo Zalebis mandatis Secvlas (RaliZgamde gadaweviT) droebiT,
iZulebiT veTanxmebiT, magram iqve unda eweros, rodis unda
gadaadgildnen rusi mesazRvreebi enguris xididan.
Tu Cvens dadgenilebebs konkretulobas ar mivusadageb-
438
diT, zogadad ukeTesi dadgenilebebis miReba SeiZleboda.
gawamebuli devnilisaTvis delisis metrosTan rom zis da
meaTe welia asanTs hyidis, veraferi SeRavaTia Tqma imisa, rom
nu geSiniaT gaero da TviT ruseTic ki afxazeTs saqarTvelos
ganuyofel nawilad ganixilavso... amitomac afxazeTs calke
saxelmwifod gaero arasodes aRiarebso.
didi madloba gaeros da ruseTs `am pativiscemisTvis~.
amis Tqma xom, arc meti da arc naklebi, niSnavs: batonebo,
afxazeTi arc wagerTmevaT da arc dagibrundebaTo.
dro ki ulmoblad garbis.
mere ra, fiqrobs afxazeTis `arSemdgari~ xelisufleba,
viyoT auRiarebeli, nu gvcnoben. Cven xom faqtiurad damoukidebeli saxelmwifo varTo.
da am `auRiarebel saxelmwifoSi~ swored auRiareblobis
gamo `ver Sedian~ yoveldRe ruseTis da TurqeTis gemebi, auRiareblobis gamo `ver debs xelSekrulebebs~ da ver gaaqvsSemoaqvs afxazeTs saqoneli.
Tavs ratom ityueb, saqarTvelos xelisuflebav, Sen mainc
xom kargad ici, rom araviTari ekonomikuri blokada ar arsebobs.
uazroba iqneba martooden parlaments movTxovoT pasuxi
afxazeTis dabrunebisken am aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi erTi nabijic rom ver gadavdgiT.
Cven xom is saqarTvelo varT, dRemde msoflios simarTles
guldagul rom vumalavT.
rodis, romel saerTaSoriso forumze, gaeros romel sesiaze ganacxada Cvenma warmomadgenelma pirdapir da calsaxad,
rom afxazeTi da samaCablo wagvarTva ruseTma.
rodis, uSiSroebis sabWos romel sxdomas mimarTa saqarTvelom TxovniT rom bolos da bolos amoqmeddes gaeros rezoluciis VII punqti Zalismieri meTodiT mSvidobis
damyarebis Sesaxeb?
Cans, verc parlamentarebi exmareba qveyanas, rogorc
saWiroa. naxevarybiT vTxovT xelisuflebas daayenos gaeros
winaSe es sakiTxebi, naxevarybiT naTqvams ki wayruebis nacadi
politika xvdeba iqeTa mxridan.
umorCilesad gTxovT, batonebo, xalxs nu movatyuebT.
ar aris qarTveli eri abuCad agdebis Rirsi.
439
26 marti, 2002 w.
batonebo,
zviad gamsaxurdias saxlis gaZarcva zugdidSi, rasakvirvelia aRmaSfoTebelia, magram amaze ufro didi problema
gvaqvs. dRes saqarTveloSi, ris Sesaxebac arc erT Tqvengans
krinti ar dauZravs.
meore dRea engurTan da samaCabloSi rusebma tankebi daayenes da lulebi pirdapir zugdids Tu gors miuSvires. diax,
rusis saokupacio jarma (es statusi rom aqamde verafriT
mivusadageT Cveni gaubedaoba-simorcxvis gamo) brWyalebi
gviCvena _ rakiRa Tqven amerikel instruqtorebs mouxmeT,
axla giCvenebT seirs, wadiT da gviCivleT Tqvens amerikel
mfarvelebTano.
Tavis mxriv amerika, viskenac Cven 180 gradusiT SevbrundiT, raRac gaugebrobis burusSi xvevs Cvens urTierTobas.
gamogzavnes 15 instruqtori, martis bolos 200 amerikeli
jariskaci Camovao, ai, martis boloa da amerikelebi ar Canan.
sxvas rom Tavi gavaneboT, nuTu Cvenma axalma mokavSirem ruseTs ar unda miuTiTos TviTneburad rom gazarda samxreT
kavkasiaSi SeiaraRebis kvota?
saidan movidnen tankebi, saidan gaCnda zugdidTan ruseTis
mZime artileria?
xom ar niSnavs es faqti imas, rom ruseTma samudamod dagvabanina xeli afxazeTze da samaCabloze?
saqarTvelos parlamentma reagirebis gareSe ar unda datovos rusis saokupacio jaris saeWvo fusfusi Cvens miwaze _
afxazeTsa da samaCabloSi.
an plenarul sxdomaze ganvixiloT, an uSiSroebisa da Tavdacvis komitetma aqcios es problema specialuri msjelobis
sagnad.
gavarkvioT, marTla SevdivarT Tu ara amerikis interesebis sferoSi, marTla apirebs Tu ara amerika Cvens Svelas.
Torem im pavles mdgomareobaSi aRmovCndebiT, petres mosvlamde rom tyavi gaaZvres.
440
8 aprili, 2002 w.
batonebo,
kidev erTi samarcxvino faqtis mowme gavxdiT. rogor
warmovidgendi, rom saarCevno komisiaSi, romelsac iseTi
wesieri kaci xelmZRvanelobs, rogoric akademikosi jumber
lominaZea, arCevnebis gayalbebis mimaniSnebeli gaugebroba
moxdeboda.
gakotrda arCevnebis gayalbebis didostati moqalaqeTa
kavSiri, nuTu isev amoqmeddeba arCevnebis gayalbebis manqana, ramac amdeni usiamovneba moutana parlamentis arCevnebis
dros sisxlgamSral partiebs da deputatobis kandidatebs.
davibaroT jumber lominaZe parlamentSi. movides da
gviTxras, rogor moxda, rom guSin komisiis cxramet wevrs 20
biuleteni aRmoaCnda. vin daariga zedmeti biuleteni?
axla dRis wesrigs mivubrundeT:
gTxovT dRevandeli sxdoma daviwyoT `saxelmwifo enis
Sesaxeb~ kanonis ganxilviT. didi gza gamoiara am kanonma, sanam Cvenamde moaRwevda. erTaderTi saxelmwifoa saqarTvelo,
romelsac ara aqvs parlamentiT damtkicebuli saxelmwifo
ena. es kanoni erovnuli mniSvnelobis kanoni gaxlavT. saxelmwifos Senebis erTi qvakuTxedi swored rom saxelmwifo enis
kanonia da amitom, albaT gamarTlebulia Cemi Txovna, sanam
gadaviRlebodeT dilidanve SevudgeT enis kanonis ganxilvas.
meore: miwisZvram daaziana cnobili qarTveli mwerlis merab elioziSvilis saxli. Weri TiTqmis Camoingra. axla merabis
binaSi ca ixedeba, dRevandel mzian dRes es SeiZleba arc ise
saSiSi iyos, magram mowvims Tu ara, batoni merabis ojaxi friad savalalo mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndeba.
rogorc batoni merabi acxadebs, aTi dRis winaT iyvnen masTan komisiis wevrebi, Seamowmes, Seadgines aqti, uTanagrZnes
elioziSvilebis ojaxs Weris Camongrevis gamo da amiT damTavrda yvelaferi.
vsargeblob parlamentis wevris statusiT agreTve am saparlamento mikrofoniT da mivmarTav qalaqis mers baton
vano zodelavas: rakiRa miwisZvriT dazaralebulTa fondSi
ukve Sesulia million-naxevari lari, xvalve gamohyos briga-
441
da raTa ori dRis ganmavlobaSi dauyovnebliv iqnas SekeTebuli merab elioziSvilis Weri.
4 ivnisi, 2002 w.
batonebo,
problemaze me rom axla Sevexebi, damokidebulia Cveni parlamentis avtoriteti da gTxovT yuradRebiT momisminoT.
araerTgzis miTqvams TqvenTvis ingilo qarTvelTaTvis istoriuli, namdvili gvarebis dabrunebis Sesaxeb. 1959 wels
azerbaijanis xelisuflebis mier qarTvelTaTvis erovnebis
da gvar-saxelis TviTneburi warTmeva da azerbaijanuli gvarsaxelebis maTTvis sruliad ukanonod mikuTvneba iyo vandaluri aqti, rasac ingiloebi verasodes ver Seeguebian.
mimdinare wlis ianvarSi am problemis ormocdaorwlovani
yinuli daiZra. saqarTvelos parlamentis delegaciam baqoSi yofnis dros prezident alievis winaSe dasva aRniSnuli
sakiTxi, rasac alievis mxridan gulisyuriani damokidebuleba
mohyva. b-ma alievma iqve, Cvens Tvalwin gasca sagangebo gankarguleba, raTa ingiloebis mier sakuTari gvarebis dabrunebas xeli ar SeSloda.
samwuxarod, axlaxans (23 maiss) CemTan movida ingilo-qarTvelTa erTi jgufi, romlebmac warmomidgines koleqtiuri gancxadeba. gancxadebis mixedviT CvenTvis saintereso
sakiTxze friad savalalo suraTi ikveTeba. gvaris dabrunebis
msurvelebma mimarTes zaqaTala-belaqanis sapasporto magidebs TxovniT, magram Cinovnikebma uariT gamoistumres. ufro
metic; baqom dagvavala arc erT ingilos qarTuli gvari ar
daubrunoTo, ase gaimarTles Tavi mepasporteebma.
gTxovT, qalbatono nino, gamoyoT parlamentis samkaciani
delegacia, romelic gaemgzavreba saingiloSi; jiut `pasportistebs~ warudgens alievis gamosvlis videoCanawers, mis gankargulebas, agreTve erovnul umciresobaTa komisiis daskvnas da
urCevs azerbaijanel moxeleebs _ xels nu daafareben Radars,
nu miCqmalaven WeSmaritebas, nu wavlen azerbaijanis prezidentis keTili nebis da istoriuli aucileblobis winaaRmdeg.
gmadlobT yuradRebisaTvis.
442
6 ivnisi, 2002 w.
batonebo!
gadaRlili brZandebiT, magram Tavs valdebulad vracx,
oriode sityva mogaxsenoT saxalxo damcvelis _ q-n nana
devdarianis angariSis Sesaxeb. gagikvirdebaT, magram madloba
minda vuTxra q-n nanas imis gamo, rom igi am wels meored gvabarebs angariSs, Cven parlamentis plenarul sxdomebze vamtkicebT ministrebs, prezidentsac ki, magram ratomRac jer
ar maxsovs prezidenti da ministrebi angariSiT warmomdgariyvnen parlamentis winaSe. ara da, ombudsmeni isjeba imis gamo,
rom mis angariSs, rogorc davrwmundiT, Cveni parlamentarebi ahkideben xolme yvela problemas, rac sxvadasxva dros
wamoWrila maTi rTuli cxovrebis winaSe, angariSSi araerTgan
sweria, amisa da amis Sesaxeb davayene sakiTxi, magram miTxres,
eg Seni saqme ar ariso. marTlac, CvenSi jer bolomde rodia
garkveuli, ra evaleba da ra uflebebi aqvs saxalxo damcvels. aqve minda vuTxra q-n nanas, rom ar arsebobs sakiTxi,
ombudsmens rom ar exeba.
mouTmenlad velodebi im dros, roca am tribunaze dadgeba
da parlaments angariSs Caabarebs kulturis ministri sesili
gogiberiZe. ai, maSin ki darwmunebuli var usiamovno saubari
gveqneba qalbaton ministrTan. uaress wyevlaSic ver isurveb
Cveni kultura, Cveni sulieri cxovreba rom Sav dReSia. ar eyo
Cven ministrs arc codna, arc erovnuli cnobiereba da arc
mondomeba, rom gadaerCina Tavqve daqanebuli Cveni kultura.
mas mxolod is SeuZlia, rom `daamSvenos~ ministris savarZeli
da vai-viSi iZaxos, roca didgorze merab berZeniSvilis mier
Seqmnil brwyinvale memorials gaZarcvaven.
magram am Temas Cven sxva dros davubrundebiT. axla mTavaria q-n nana devdarians mivce rCeva, nu iqneba kategoriuli Tavis
`Teoriul SexedulebebSi~. araa faqtebiT libogamagrebuli
misi akviatebuli daskvna, saqarTveloSi religiur umciresobaTa Seviwrovebis Sesaxeb. icodeT, Zvirfaso damcvelo, saqarTveloSi Tu vinme iCagreba, es avtoqtonuri qarTveli eria.
xom xedavT, Cven gambedaoba ar gvyofnis, pasportSi erovneba
CaviweroT, Cven gambedaoba ar gvyofnis saxelmwifo enis kanoni
443
miviRoT da erTxel da samudamod gavarkvioT marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoebis anu Cveni rjulis adgili saqarTvelos
religiur speqtrSi. Tqven ki Tavs uflebas aZlevT, gamoeqomagoT imaT, vinc qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis mSeneblobas
uSlis xels Tavisi seqtanturi `moRvaweobiT~ Torem RmerTi,
rjuli, Cven yvela progresul aRmsareblobas pativsa vcemT.
axla saparlamento ardadegebi daiwyeba da seqtemberSi
isev Zvel, ybadaRebul proeqtebs SemogTavazebT isini, visac
am qveynad movlinebis miznad Tavisi samSoblosTvis zrunva
gauxdia.
rodemde geyofaT sindisi eris CaZirvas mSvidad ucqiroT?!
20 ivlisi, 2002 w. qobuleTi
batonebo,
parlamentis biuros gamsvleli sxdoma amjerad qobuleTSi tardeba, biuros sxdomis Catarebas gudaurSi, borjomSi da
qobuleTSi mogexsenebaT mxolod is mizezi ar ganapirobebs,
rom qveynis sakanonmdeblo xelisufalT Tovlze sriali, zRvis lurj talRebSi nebivroba, an likanis buJbuJa wylis daleva moenatraT. am sruliad bunebrivi `adamianuri sisusteebis~ dakmayofilebasTan erTad Cven ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom
esoden maRali donis warmomadgenlobiTi organos gasvla ama
Tu im regionSi, upirveles yovlisa, im mxarisadmi yuradRebis
da interesis gamovlenaa. valdebuli varT, ganvixiloT Tundac erTi saWirboroto sakiTxi im raionisa, sadac biuro tardeba da Cveni kompetenciis farglebSi gadavwyvitoT igi. sxva
SemTxvevaSi marTlebi iqnebian is Worikana Jurnalistebi dilaadrian zRvaSi Casulebs rom gvisafrdebian, lamis sabanao
kostumis gamocvlis dros rom gviReben suraTs da mere TavianT uaRresad saintereso gazeTebSi beWdaven warweriT: `parlamentari delfinebi zRvaSi dgafuneben da saqveyno dardi
fexebze hkidiaT~.
gismenT meore dRea da arc erT Tqvengans, arc parlamentis spikerebs da arc biuros wevrebs, ar wamogcdeniaT sityvebi `aWara~, `qobuleTi~ da a. S.
ar minda am gulmaviwyobas gulgriloba davarqva, magram
Cven xom isedac zRvis mcire monakveTi SegvrCa. rac afxazeTi
444
wagvarTva rusma, ivlis-agvistoSi mTeli saqarTvelo baTumsa
da qobuleTs moawydeba xolme da yvelani kargad xedaven TavianTi `damsvenebluri~, fxizeli TvalebiT, rom qobuleTis
sanapiro TiTqmis ki ara, mTlianad dangreulia.
es Cveni samSobloa. aWaras qoni Tavze ar gadasdis, damerwmuneT. amitomac winadadeba Semomaqvs daisvas sakiTxi aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis winaSe, raTa qobuleTis biujets
daematos Tanxa specialurad sanapiro zolis gasamagreblad.
26 agvisto, 2002 w.
batonebo,
amden dros amaod vkargavT `gancxadebaze~. ruseTs, damerwmuneT, ra mkacri da gulisamaCuyebeli gancxadebiTac unda
mivmarToT, araviTari Sedegis momtani ar iqneba. rom ityvian,
cal yurSi SeuSvebs rusi da meoredan gamouSvebs. ufro zustad cal yurSic ar SeuSvebs, ruseTs saCveno yuri kargaxania
daxSuli aqvs.
meramdenejer unda dagvbombos moskovma, rom mivxvdeT bolos da bolos, erT WeSmaritebas: ruseTi Cveni dauZinebeli
mteria.
23 agvistos dabombvis Semdeg, nuTu vinmes kidev SerCa iluzia imisa, rom `TeTri daTvi~ Cveni perspeqtiuli megobaria?
am aT weliwadSi afxazeTi da samaCablo wagvarTva. pankisic
swored warTmevis mizniT dagvibomba, gaborotebulma imiT,
rom gavbedeT da Cvens miwaze jari SeviyvaneT, gazs da eleqtrobas wamdauwum gviTiSaven, Cvens teritoriaze ormag moqalaqeobas gviwesebs, bazebi ar gaaqvs, arc erTi dampyrobeli
aravis moqcevia ise cinikurad, rogorc Cven rusi gveqceva.
Cemi winadadebaa, SevwyvitoT `gancxadebaze~ msjeloba da
miviRoT dadgenileba; romelSic pirdapir iqneba gamoTqmuli
gonieri saqarTvelos survili. kerZod:
dauyovnebliv gamovideT sng-dan.
gavides afxazeTidan da samaCablodan e. w. samSvidobo Zalebi.
anulirebul iqnas ruseTis bazebi gudauTasa da baTumSi.
droebiT SeCerdes CarCo-xelSekrulebaze muSaoba.
445
visac ruseTma ormagi moqalaqeoba misca, gamocxaddnen
`persona non gratad~ da rogorc saqarTveloSi uvizod
mcxovrebT, winadadeba mieceT gasaxldnen saqarTvelodan.
es iqneba erovnuli da vaJkacuri pasuxi ruseTis Zalmomreobaze.
me vici, am dadgenilebas SevardnaZe ar Seasrulebs, amitomac logikurad mimaCnia j. gogitiZis gancxadeba-pasuxismgebloba ukanasknel aTwleulSi saqarTvelos Tavze datexili ubedurebisTvis SevardnaZes daekisros.
gana SevardnaZem ar Semodo buxris Tavze Cveni SarSandeli
dadgenileba `samSvidoboebis~ gayvanis Sesaxeb?
diax, arc am dadgenilebas Seasrulebs marioneti prezidenti, magram Cven, saqarTvelos parlamenti, istoriis winaSe
pirnaTeli viqnebiT.
10 seqtemberi, 2002 w.
batonebo,
am gancxadebiT imitom gawuxebT, rom rasac mogaxsenebT
piraduli sruliadac ar gaxlavT. Tu gnebavT Cveni epoqis
tipuri SemTxvevaa da amitomac gavbede Tqveni yuradRebis
mopyroba.
mogexsenebaT am bolo dros TiTqmis minavlda saubari
egreT wodebul reformebze ase haixafiT rom daviwyeT am xuTiode wlis winaT.
ratom? imitom, rom Caflavda sasamarTlos reforma, Caflavda samedicino reforma da Caflavda ganaTlebis reforma.
erovnuli skola ara gvaqvs, batonebo.
Tu energiuli direqtoris mecadineobiT ramdenime skola
jer kidev feTqavs, mxolod komunisturi inerciiT. skolas
ara aqvs erovnuli saswavlo programa, ara aqvs axali, damoukidebeli qveynis Sesaferisi saxelmZRvaneloebi, samagierod gvaqvs saatestacio komisiebi, damsaxurebul, gmir maswavleblebs gamocdebs rom abarebineben oci-ocdaxuTi wlis
aqtivisti-lawirakebisTvis moqalaqeTa kavSirma rom gamoCeka.
mTeli am ubedurebis, skolis gaCanagebis saTaveSi dgas ganaTlebis ministri aleko kartozia.
446
erTi epizods giambobT da Tavad gansajeT.
martvilSi aris umSvenieresi sofeli Tamakoni, Tamakonis
saSualo skolas wels asi weli usruldeba. soflis sakrebulos Tavmjdomarem Temur pirtaxiam 20 ivliss werili momwera: viciT saqarTvelos gaWirvebuli mdgomareoba da iubilari skolis SekeTebaze aravis vawuxebT. sofeli rogorc
SeZlebs, ise gaaremontebs Senobaso. erTs ki gTxovT: am samiode Tvis winaT ganaTlebis ministrs aleqsandre kartozias
sakrebulos saxeliT vTxoveT, gamonaklisis wesiT, Cveni iubilari skolisTvis pirdapir saministros fondidan 300 mza
mina an minis Rirebuleba) gamoeyo, magram pasuxi ar migviRia.
iqneb, Tqven, parlamentis wevrma, gviSuamdgomloT ministris
winaSe, SeaxsenoT Cveni gasaWirio.
ministri telefons (arc mTavrobis telefons) saTofezec
ar ekareba. misi mobiluris nomeri mxolod misma erTgulma
moadgileebma da sazRvars iqeT-aqeTa ojaxis wevrebma ician.
murman lebaniZis dakrZalvaze mweralTa kavSirSi Sevxvdi.
movubodiSe, aq amis adgili ar aris magram sxva dros ver
mogixelTeT, batono aleqsandre-meTqi da Sevaxsene skolis
saTxovari.
ganaTlebis ministrma Cveulebisamebr xelmklavi Caixvia.
duCesaviT amayad aRapyro Tvalni da Tu mogismeniaT televizorSi misi gamosvla (yoveli sityvis Semdeg salogopedo
moswavlesaviT `Ru... Rus~ rom ayolebs), swored imgvari intonaciiT mipasuxa:
ratom Tqven ar ugzavniT minas, Tu mag skolisTvis guli
ase SegtkivaTo.
me vin momaqvava, mina, Torem rogor ar davexmarebodimeTqi.
aba, me vin momaSava. ra mina gegulebaT CemTano.
ki magram Tqven xom ganaTlebis ministri xarT-meTqi.
diaxac, varo.
mereda, Se kai kaco, daavale sameurneo sammarTvelos 300
mza mina albaT 1000 lari eRireba. iqneb gamoZebnos saSualeba-meTqi.
iciT, Tqven ramdeni skolaa saqarTveloSio?
saqarTveloSi bevri skolaa, magram 100 wlis skola, ro-
447
melic oqtomberSi iubiles ixdis, SeiZleba sul xuTiode
iyos-meTqi.
me aleqsandre kartozias leqtori gaxldiT. mamistola
kacs mklavCaxveulma elaparake-meTqi ar miswavlebia misTvis.
ar vici, visgan iswavla. rogorc Cans, SeiZleba Cvens droSi
ministri uzrdelic iyos.
ki magram samoc milion sesxze mxari xom dagiWireT parlamentSi, sad waiReT is 60 milioni. nuTu 300 metri minis fuli
ar gaiTvaliswineT Tamakonis saSualo skolisTvis-meTqi.
arao. ar gagviTvaliswinebiao. saerTod, im 60 milions nu
axsenebT, daiviwyeT iqedan yvela kapiki gaweriliao.
diax, ase miTxra _ `gaweriliao~.
ras niSnavs `gawerilia~, albaT, TviTon icis.
ra vqna axla me, skolas ra pasuxi gavce-meTqi.
miwereT finansTa ministrs da gaiTvaliswinos Tamakonis
skolis mina momavali wlis biujetSio.
ki magram, Svilo da Ziro, iubile Tamakonis skolas wels
usruldeba da minis Casma skolas swored dazamTrebamde
sWirdeba. mina xom kompiuteri ar aris, bavSvebi uminod
dacivdebian-meTqi.
egao, Cemi problema ar ariso. da saerTod `Svilo~ meorejer ar miTxra, me Seni Svili ara varo.
Cemi studenti xom iyavi, xom araferi meSleba-meTqi.
kio, mere ra gindaTo.
ra unda mindodes, rodidan gaxda `Svilo~, salanZRavi sityva-meTqi, miT umetes mamistola kacisgan-meTqi.
isev musolinis poza da qveda tuCis gadmotrialebiT ganze gaxedva.
skolas pasuxi ratom ar acnobe, nuTu ar iyo pasuxis Rirsi
asi wlis skola-meTqi.
ra valdebuli var yvela skolas pasuxi vweroo.
`pasuxi vweroo~?
ki magram, Sen xom ganaTlebis ministri xar. xom ar meSleba-meTqi.
`diax, gaxlavar, ra gnebavs Senao~ _ kako yaCaRis fraziT
mipasuxa, skolis dramwris uniWo wevris gulisamrevi, yalbi,
xelovnuri intonaciiT.
batonebo,
minda giTxraT, rom afxazeTSi Cveni damarcxebis mizezi
imdenad Cveni jaris arasakmarisi samxedro momzadeba da samxedro SenaerTebis moxaliseTagan dakompleqteba rodi iyo,
ramdenadac usaxsroba.
oms rom didi stomaqi aqvs, Cemi naTqvami ar gaxlavT.
diax, mSieri jariskaci ar iomebs.
gavgzavneT jari afxazeTSi da ukan ar mivayoleT yvelaze
aucilebeli `iaraRi~ _ samzareulo.
usakvebod darCenili jariskacebi cali TvaliT rom SaSxanis samiznes Cascqerodnen, meore TvaliT axlomaxlo yanebs
`zveravdnen~, sadme Wyinti simindi, an rac ufro ukeTesia _
goWi an qaTami xom ar Canso.
axlac igive Secdomas vuSvebT. Tavdacvis ministrma miTxra,
ori aTasi jariskaci SeviyvaneT pankisSi da dRedReze sakvebi
gviTavdeba, Tu produqti droze ar mivaSveleT, mere naxeT
`konfliqti~ jarsa da mosaxleobas Soriso.
marTalicaa, roca jariskaci Zroxas gamoekidebi dasaklavad, Sen mSvidobismyofel-damcvelidan uceb iqcevi mtacebel-agresorad.
Cven winaSe dgas axalgazrda finansTa ministri, romelmac
Caixeda saxelmwifos jibeSi da raRac ori kapiki gamoCxrika
jarisTvis.
gismenT da gaocebuli var. sami saaTia vkamaTobT; vaWamoT
Tu ara jariskacs saerTod, gamodixarT da yvelani Tqvens
uwyebebs icavT. `imas ar CamoaWraT Tanxa da visac gindaT CamoaWeriTo~. SeiZleba ase laparaki?!
448
29. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
uzrdelebis meti ra minaxavs, magram aseT utifars da Tavxeds
Cems sicocxleSi ar Sevxvedrivar, batonebo.
am saubars Tavidan bolomde eswreboda saxelmwifo kan­
celariis teleoperatori batoni malxaz zautaSvili.
vai, ubeduro saqarTvelov, vai, sacodavo ganaTlebis
sistemav, aseTi ministris xelSi.
ai, rogori ministri gyavs Sen prezidento, kadrebis SerCevis genioso da Seumcdaro politikoso!
13 seqtemberi, 2002 w.
449
saidan moitanos, aba, gogiaSvilma fuli. im anekdotisa ar
iyos `tumboCkidan~?
ar arsebobs dRes saqarTveloSi iseTi magiuri ujra, sadac xels Cayof da jarisTvis fuls amoiReb. isev saxelmwifo
dawesebulebebs unda CamovakloT Torem Cveni milioneri `Zmebi~ mdidar firmaTa prezidentebi ujraSi xels ar Cagvayofineben da kapiks ar gaiReben iseTi `araukugebiani~ saqmisTvis, rogoricaa jaris Senaxva.
8 noemberi, 2002 w.
batonebo,
mcire erTa gaqrobis, nacionaluri kulturebis waSlis
erovnuli gadagvarebis masonuri idea dedamiwis zurgze
arsad ar hyvavis ise, rogorc CvenTan, saqarTveloSi.
erovneba xom gaauqmes da amiT ZiriTad, mkvidr, saxelmwifos Semqmnel-damfuZnebel erebsa da stumar erebs Soris
avtoqtonurobis zRvari (Torem sxva mxriv stumrebi isedac Tavze gvasxedan) xom waSales, axla Cveni erovnulobis
ukanaskneli TavSesafari _ qarTuli ena gaixades samizned.
xelisufleba TiTs TiTze ar akarebs, raTa saqarTvelos
mTels teritoriaze qarTuli saxelmwifo enad iTvlebodes.
araqarTvelebiT dasaxlebul teritoriebze adgilobrivi eTnikuri jgufebis ena faqtiurad saxelmwifo enaa. xolo centrTan urTierTobas Cveni stumari erebi jerjerobiT `pativs
gvcemen~ da rusul enaze amyareben.
arc erTi gancxadeba ar Sedis saxelmwifo kancelariaSi,
parlamentSi da saministroSi axalqalaqidan, marneulidan da
walkidan qarTul enaze. saxelmwifo enis ignorirebas saqarTvelos araqarTveli moqalaqeni qarTulis ucodinarobiT
xsnian. da es maSin, roca normalur qveynebSi marto evropa _
amerikaSi ki ara, ager mezobel somxeTsa da azerbaijanSi arc
erTi uwyeba ar miiRebs gancxadebas (Txovnas, mimarTvas, saCivars, xelwerils...) dawerils arasaxelmwifo enaze.
Cven ra RmerTi gviwyreba. rodemde unda davugoT fexqveS
saqarTvelo Cvens qveyanaSi Semoxetebul da aq jiutad, samudamod dasaxlebul stumrebs?
450
politikosni filosofosoben, ra daarqvan Cvens miwaze garemoebaTa gamo devnil qarTvelebsa da araqarTvelebs
(`ltolvilebi~, `adgilmonacvleni~, `iZulebiT gadaadgilebulebi~ da a. S.), magram aba gabedeT da `ltolvili~ uwodeT
TurqeTSi somexTa Jletis dros (1915 w.) saqarTveloSi TavSefarebul somxebs (Cveni unapiro stumarTmoyvareobiT yvela
WiSkari rom farTod gavuReT da gulSi CavixuteT, xolo pativiscema afxazeTSi qarTvelTmJleti `bagramianis batalioniT~
gadagvixades), an somxeT-azerbaijanis omis dros yarabaRidan
marneulSi Camosul azerbaijanelebs? Cvenao, am miwaze ZirZveli `aborigeni~ eri varTo, urcxvad acxadeben da ubedureba
is aris, rom Cveni prezidentic udasturebs maT aborigenobas.
iqneb samomavlod keTdeba rame, rom saqarTveloSi araqarTvelebma qarTuli iswavlon da saxelmwifo enad gaiTavison?
ara da ara. araqarTul skolebSi qarTuls arasavaldebulo,
Tavsmoxveul, formalurad Casatarebel gakveTilad Tvlian
da ZiriTadad adgilobrivi mcxovrebni, qarTulis ucodinari
fizkulturis da Sromis maswavleblebi iTavseben saStato
ganakveTis Sesavsebad. Tu axalgazrda enTuziasti gawiravs
Tavs da marneul-axalqalaqSi qarTulis maswavleblad Cava,
iseT pirobebs uqmnian (ubinaoba, mcire xelfasi da isic didi
dagvianebiT...) rom samiode Tvis Semdeg `qarTulis specialisti~ iqedan kisristexiT gamorbodes.
netav, sad midis, ras xmardeba saxelmwifo biujetSi saxelmwifo enis programis gansaxorcieleblad gamoyofili
Tanxa? ratom ar anaRvlebs ganaTlebis ministrs qarTuli
enis bedi saerTod da gansakuTrebiT araqarTvelebisTvis saxelmwifo enis swavlebis problema?
18 noemberi, 2002 w.
batonebo,
Tavs valdebulad vTvli mTeli saqarTvelos gasagonad gavakeTo erTi gancxadeba:
qveyana mRelvare politikuri cxovrebiT cxovrobs da
xalxis ganwyobileba, sruliad bunebrivia, rom parlamentSic
iCens Tavs.
451
fizikuri angariSsworeba kamaTis damxmare Zalad rom iqca
am bolo dros, ra Tqma unda, gulisamrevia, magram es jer
kidev ar iZleva im daskvnis safuZvels, rom Cveni parlamenti
uvargisia da usaTuod unda daTxovnil iqnas.
nu wamovkravT xels ase iolad xalxis mier arCeul sakanonmdeblo organos. arc uadgilo TviTgvema varga da saerTod,
naban wyals bavSvs nu gadavayolebT. parlamenti, romelmac miiRo erisTvis erTaderTi saWiro kanoni (Tundac erTs gagaxsenebT: 20 aprilis dadgenileba erovnuli xelisuflebis ZaliT
damxobis Sesaxeb) uvargisi parlamenti ar gaxlavT. ramdenma
usamarTlod cixeSi mjdomma politpatimarma miiRo Tavisufleba da datova cixis sakani 20 aprilis kanonis wyalobiT.
yovel moqmedebas ori mxare aqvs. aq rom brZanebT, sakrebulos wevrebma da misma momxreebma TiTqmis ZaliT daikaves meriis Senobao, imaze ratom arafers ambobT, csko-m xuTi TviT
rom daagviana sakrebulos cnoba, e. i. xuTi TviT gadaavada
Tbilisis demokratiuli marTva?
Caatara pirveli sxdomebi sakrebulom; ra gaakeTa cudi,
miTxariT erTi; qalaqis mTavroba daiTxova, daayena sakiTxi
miwisZvriT dazaralebulTa daxmarebis, ukanono mSeneblobebis SeCerebis, ufaso saswrafo samedicino daxmarebis SemoRebis Sesaxeb. cdilobs Suqi da gazmomarageba gamoglijos
mafiebs da oligarqebs _ gana es ase zedmeti da saSiSia?
Tqve kai xalxo, sakrebulo qalaqis meriaSi ki ar SeiWra,
Tavisi adgili daikava, SeWra is iyo inteligenciis saxelovani
warmomadgenlebi rom SeiWrnen sakrebulos sxdomaze. sakrebulo qalaqis parlamentia, ras ityodiT aq, parlamentis sxdomaze rom SemoWriliyvnen Tundac aTasgzis laureatebi da
Wkuis swavleba daewyoT CvenTvis?
nu wauWerT, batonebo, yelSi xels axalarCeul sakrebulos.
6 dekemberi, 2002 w.
qalbatono parlamentis Tavmjdomarev
pativcemulo kolegebo!
guSin Ramis TerTmet saaTze damTavrda parlamentis sxdo­
ma. vinc eswreboda, emaxsovreba, rom besik lagvilavam da me
452
warmovadgineT kanonproeqti `samoqalaqo aqtebis registraciis Sesaxeb~.
plenarulma sxdomam karga xans imsjela, azri gamoTqves
nodar grigalaSvilma, revaz yifianma, koba amirxanaSvilma,
givi SuRarovma, jemal gamaxariam, memed bagirovma, jemal
gogitiZem, geno kalandiam da sxvebma.
yvelam mxari dauWira kanonproeqtis im mTavar debulebas,
romlis ZaliTac saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqes dabadebisa da
piradobis mowmobebSi unda Caeweros `erovneba (moqalaqeoba)
qarTveli~. es gaxlavT gaeros da evroparlamentis mier miRebuli modeli.
xelisuflebaSi mxolod orad-ori kaci _ eduard SevardnaZe da guram SaraZea am modelis kategoriuli winaaRmdegi.
dRes es ukve ganxilul-aprobirebuli kanonproeqti kenWisyraze unda dasmuliyo, magram daxeT saocrebas _ parlamentis Tavmjdomare acxadebs, rom kanonproeqtis ganxilva unda
gagrZeldes.
`gagrZeleba~ gamocdilebiT vici kidev gagrZeldeba 3
weliwads. erTi sityviT an `viri an viris patronis~ andaza
moqmedebs.
vkiTxulob, visa aqvs ufleba ganxiluli kanonproeqti ukan
daabrunos? veWvob, es ufleba mxolod prezidents aqvs da man
Tavisi `ufleba~ ukve gamoiyena. daureka nino burjanaZes da
istoriis borblis ukuRma datrialebis davaleba misca.
ra xdeba, batonebo?
18 dekemberi, 2002 w.
batonebo,
ukve mesamejer gviwevs am or kviraSi Cem mier Semotanil
kanonproeqtze msjeloba.
ras mivawero zogierTi parlamentaris CemTvis sruliad
auxsneli `Teoria~ rac `dos rom marili aklia~ im Saris modebas ufro hgavs; aqaoda, jer konsensusi miRweuli ar ariso.
romel `konsesuszea~ (es sityva Zalian giyvarT, ara da igi
sxva araferia, Tu ara `SeTanxmeba~) laparaki, batonebo?!
meaTasejer gimeorebT, plenarul sxdomaze jer ar gamosula
kanonproeqti, romlis Sesaxebac yvela erTi azrisa yofiliyo.
453
vimsjeloT, vikamaToT da rogorc qveynisTvis umjobesia
ise gavasworoT da davamtkicoT.
`gadadebas~ rac Seexeba, es saqarTvelos mtrebis amoCemebuli frazaa. oTxi welia gadadebis msxverpli xdeba Cveni
erovnuli saxelmwifosTvis haeriviT aucilebeli es kanoni.
oTxi welia Cvens Svilebs da SviliSvilebs sabuTebSi erovneba `qarTvels~ ar uweren, oTxi welia saqarTvelo uerovnebo
saxelmwifoa, oTxi welia iuridiulad veRar vamtkicebT, rom
saqarTvelos saxelmwifos Semqmneli, ZiriTadi, mkvidri anu
avtoqtonuri eri Cven varT _ qarTvelebi!
mxolod prezidents da mis momxre TiTo-orola tvingayinul internacionalists surs saqarTveloSi erovneba `qarTvelis~ xseneba moispos. Tqven rogor fiqrobT, SevardnaZes
surdes `qarTveli~ aRdges dabadebis da piradobis mowmobaSi
da oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi ver aRwevs amas parlamentisgan
daCagruli SevardnaZe?
ar daijeroT. me TviT araerTgzis var mowme rogor uSlis
igi xels erovnuli rekvizitis kanonis miRebas, kabinetSi Sesuls gulmxurvale mamuliSviliviT gelaparakeba. rogor
SeiZleba erovnebis gauqmebao, wadi da gadaeci parlamentis
xelmZRvanelobas, rom kanonproeqti CemTan SeTanxmebuliao.
kabinetidan rom gamoxval, parlamentis spikers urekavs; me
da miSvelaZe araferSi SevTanxmebulvarT da ar SeitanoT es
`saxlaforTo~ kanonproeqti gegmaSio.
ara da aq sakamaToc ki araferia. evropuli qveyana varTo,
rom gavyviriT; mTels evropaSic da mTels msoflioSic yovel
moqalaqes pasportSic rom aRaraferi vTqvaT, piradobis da
dabadebis mowmobaze, uweria erovneba; xazgasmiT vambob, wesier saxelmwifoSi yvelas erTi erovneba anu erTi `nacionaloba~ uweria _ es aris avtoqtonuri eris erovneba.
nuTu verafriT gagagebineT, rom yvela eTnosisTvis calcalke erovnebis Cawera faqtiurad saxelmwifos imperiad gamocxadebas da adre Tu gvian mis dasaSlelad gawirvas niSnavs?
mTeli msoflio erovnul saxelmwifoebs aSenebs. SarSan
bJeJinskim universitetSi yofnisas pirdapir gviTxra _ amerika erovnuli saxelmwifoa. amerikaSi mxolod erTaderTi eri
_ amerikeli eri cxovrobs da Cven vamayobT amiTo.
454
maincdamainc Cven gamovacxadoT saqarTvelo imperiad Tavisi Wrela-Wrula eTnikuri SemadgenlobiT?
rogor fiqrobT, nacumciresobaTa dokumentaluri aRiareba rom saxelmwifosTvis momgebiani iyos, Tqven moaswrebdiT safrangeTs, ingliss, germanias an amerikas amis gakeTebas?
maincdamainc am tribunidan giTxraT savalalo statistika? amjerad saqarTveloSi vcxovrobT 51 procenti qarTveli. gamravlebis am tempiT Tu vimsjelebT 100 weliwadSi qarTvelebi 23 procenti viqnebiT.
iciT es ras niSnavs?
arkvieT mere, vin aris nacumciresoba Tavissave saxelmwifoSi. iZaxeT mere Cven qarTvelebi uZvelesi kulturis eri varTo.
safrangeTSi eTnikuri frangi dRes 32 procentia. e. i. es
katastrofa frangs Cvenze adre daudga, magram safrangeTma
miiRo swored es kanoni, axla rom Tqvens magidaze devs da
Tavi qudSi aqvs. safrangeTSi cxovrobs mxolod franguli
erovnebis moqalaqe. ase moiqca mTeli msoflio da Cven ra
RmerTi gviwyreba?
ratom ver SevicaniT bolomde isini, visac daviT aRmaSeneblis da ilia WavWavaZis _ rogorc qarTveli eris mamebis
xsenebaze guli ereva?
evropa evropaa, iqneb Cveni mezobeli azerbaijani uwers
yvelas sabuTebSi TavTavis erovneba-warmomavlobas? oci aTasi ingilo qarTveli cxovrobs azerbaijanSi da yvelas pasportSi erovneba `azerbaijaneli~ uweria. azerbaijanma ufro
Sors gaiwia, gvarebic ki gadaukeTa saingiloSi mcxovreb qarTvelebs.
swored gaigos yvelam, vinc axla televiziiT mismens,
Cven azradac ar mogviva aTasi weli, rom vinmes erovneba
SevucvaloT da, unda Tu ara, gavaqarTveloT. RmerTma dagvifaros. yvela erovnebas Tavis gzaze gaumarjos, magram Cven
rakiRa dRes damoukidebeli saxelmwifo varT, damoukidebeli
saxelmwifos im kanonebiT unda vicxovroT, rasac gaero da
evroparlamenti gvTavazobs. kerZod: separatizmis safrTxe
rom aRmoifxvras, sabuTebSi yvelas unda CavuweroT, rom
saqarTvelos yvela Tanasworuflebiani moqalaqis erovnebamoqalaqeoba aris `qarTuli~.
455
damerwmuneT Cven rom oTxmoci wlis winaT ase movqceuliyaviT _ saqarTvelos politikur sxeulze amdeni patar-patara `saxelmwifoebi~ ar gaCndeboda da arc afxazeT-samaCablos
davkargavdiT.
gaikiTx-gamoikiTxeT rogor epyroba amerikis an inglisis
xelisufleba imaT (da Cvengan gansxvavebiT `isini~ xSirad aborigenuli tomebia) vinc erTiani, monoliTuri saxelmwifoebis teritoriul daqucmacebas, axali avtonomiebis gamoWragamocxobas moindomebs.
am darbazSi zis kaci, romelTanac erTad me Cemi sazogado saqmianobis TiTqmis 40 weli gavatare. igi Cemi megobari
da Tanakurselia. guram SaraZis SemarTebas, mis brZolas qarTuli erovnul cnobierebis dasacavad me mxars vuWer da
Cems RviZl saqmedac miviCnev, magram mxolod am erTaderT
sakiTxSi scildeboda Cveni Tvalsazrisi erTmaneTs _ batoni
gurami im azrisa gaxldaT, rom yvela Tavisi erovnebiT unda
warmodgeniliyo dabadebis da piradobis mowmobaSi, warsul
droSi imitom vlaparakob, rom me da guramma bevri vikamaTeT
da bolos TiTqmis SevTanxmdiT, mcireodeni gansxvavebiT. me
vambob, rom yvelas Caeweros `erovneba (moqalaqeoba) _ qarTuli~, guramis azriT ki yvelas unda Caeweros `erovneba (moqalaqeoba) qarTveli~. am or formulirebas Soris didi gansxvaveba ar aris, gaixseneT vaJa _ `me arc erT kilos ar vwunob,
Tua qarTulis gvarisa~.
vamTavreb, batonebo.
gTxovT, mxari dauWiroT Cem mier warmodgenil kanonproeqts. amiT Cven saaxalwlod qarTveli eris aRdgenas, mis kanonier
uflebebSi dabrunebas davuWerT mxars. amiT Cven saqarTvelos
saxelmwifos, qarTuli saxelmwifos sabolood gadarCenas davakanonebT da yvelaze sasixarulo saCuqars mivarTmevT Cvens
damSeul, gaRatakebul, magram imediT savse qveyanas.
21 ianvari, 2003 w.
batonebo,
dRis wesrigSi Setanilia afxazeTis sakiTxi. es mravaltanjuli sakiTxi Setanilia rogorc sainformacio mosmena
afxazeTSi arsebuli mdgomareobisa. ver gavige, informacias
456
movismenT da amiT damTavrdeba yvelaferi? ra informacia
gvinda, batonebo, isedac yvelam yvelaferi icis: ruseTma afxazeTis aneqsia imiT daabolova, rom gasca afxazeTSi ruseTis pasportebi, e. i. afsuebi Tavis moqalaqeebad ganamwesa da
CvendaukiTxavad gaxsna sarkinigzo mimosvla soWsa da soxums
Soris:
aq gamovida sagareo saqmeTa ministri batoni irakli menaRariSvili da, rogorc iqna, aRiara _ rusebi afxazeTs gvarTmeven da rusis jari ukve Camoyalibda saokupacio jarado.
keTili da patiosani, Tu (`Tu~ ki ara, namdvilad) rusis jari
dampyroblis saokupacio jaria, niSnavs Tu ara saxelmwifos
Ralats prezidentis mxridan saokupacio jarisTvis kidev
erTxel mandatis gagrZeleba?
qalbatoni nino, dRes aq afxazeTis sakiTxis ganxilvas
unda mohyves umkacresi da ukategoriulesi gadawyvetileba.
sakmarisia Tavis motyueba. kidev erTxel drois gawelvis taqtikas xalxi ar gvapatiebs.
kidev ramdeni welia saWiro imaSi dasarwmuneblad, rom afxazeTis dasabruneblad Cven araswori gziT mivdivarT.
gaero 31 ianvars, Cveni daJinebuli TxovniT, kidev erTxel
dagvmoZRvravs: afxazebi da qarTvelebi molaparakebis magidas
miujeqiT. visTan mivujdeT molaparakebis magidas aSbasTan
da arZinbasTan? vin arian isini, TviTmarqvia `respublikis~
atamanebTan ra saqme gvaqvs?! isini xom ruseTis frTebqveS
Sefarebuli gnomebi arian _ sakuTari moazrovne Tavi rom ar
adgaT mxrebze.
Cven ruseTTan gvaqvs saqme. rusma wagvarTva afxazeTi da
samaCablo da swored rom ruseTze unda vimoqmedoT saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi institutebis saSualebiT.
ori gza arsebobs afxazeTis da samaCablos dabrunebisa
sadReisod. pirveli: farTod gaSlili, xelisuflebis mier
farulad Tu aSkarad mxardaWerili partizanuli moZraoba
da meore `gaeros~ VI punqtis nacvlad VII punqtis amoqmedeba,
romelic mSvidobis SeiaraRebul Zalis saSualebiT damyarebas gulisxmobs Tu rusis saokupacio jaris nacvlad gaeros
saerTaSoriso Zalebi Sevlen afxazeTsa da samaCabloSi, iq
erTi Tofic ar gavardeba.
457
28 ianvari, 2003 w.
qalbatono nino,
Tqvenma delegaciam ruseTSi qarTveli xalxis saTqmeli
Tqva. amisaTvis didi madloba. magram viziti rom warmatebulad CaiTvalos, igi, upirveles yovlisa, Sedegiani unda iyos
deklaraciuli gancxadeba imis Sesaxeb, rom moskovSi miaRwieT
dasaxul mizans, veraferi nugeSia axla kancelariis win mjdomi
ltolvilebisTvis. es xelisufleba aTi welia atyuebs xalxs afxazeTSi dagabrunebTo, me ar minda es vizitic morigi satyuara
iyos im satyuaraTa Soris am aTi wlis manZilze, rom araerTgan
CasCara pirSi xelisuflebam gaubedurebul ltolvilebs.
qalbatono nino, Tqveni delegaciis vizitis forma ruseTis mxaresTan mxolod informaciul-ganmanaTleblur xasiaTs atarebda. ratom ar mogividaT azrad am Sexvedrebis
dasasruls ruseTis dumis Tu saTaTbiros TavmjdomaresTan
erTad xeli mogeweraT raime dokumentze; gnebavT komunikeze,
gnebavT saerTo gancxadebaze, romelSic CamoTvlili iqneboda is punqtebi, razec SeTanxmdiT. ai, ratom meCveneba, rom
Tqven gagacuraT (rbilad rom vTqva) ruseTis mxarem. pasportizacia afxazeTisa mxolod ori kviriT SeCerda, matarebeli
ki isev dadis. maS, ra warmatebas miaRwieT, batono delegaciis
wevrebo? viziti roca misi Sedegebi oqmiT ar formdeba, mxo­
lod eqskursiaa da sxva araferi.
saeqskursiod gvcalia, qalbatono nino, maSin, roca rusis jari faqtiurad sasazRvro jaria saqarTvelos miwaze da
rusi okupantebi, rac dro gadis, ufro da ufro mtkiced
ikideben fexs qarTul miwaze?
me kargad vici, rom dRes SevardnaZe kievSi gafrinda mtkice gadawyvetilebiT: xeli mouweron rusebs, raTa eqvsi
TviT kidev gaugrZeldes `samSvidobo jars~ mandati. amisTvis
saxelmwifo kancelariam ukve moamzada niadagi. gaeros generalur mdivansa da, mgoni, buSsac ki aTqmevines SevardnaZisTvis, rusi samSvidoboebis gareSe saqarTvelo daiRupebao.
Camova kievidan Cveni brZeni prezidenti da ityvis; amerikam
damaZala, Torem ar mindoda vadis gagrZelebaze xelis mowerao.
458
29 ianvari, 2003 w.
batonebo,
2003 wlis biujeti, batono finansTa ministro, pirveli
mosmenis Semdeg sagrZnoblad gagiumjobesebiaT. axla Tqven
dgaxarT tribunasTan, rom moisminoT Cveni SeniSvnebi, raTa
ufro srulqmnaT Cveni isedac mwiri biujeti.
oTxi sakiTxi unda davayeno parlamentis winaSe da iqneb
guldasmiT CainiSnoT, batono mirian, radganac problemebi,
rasac Sevexebi, vfiqrob saqveyno mniSvnelobisaa.
pirveli: gamaoca sarkinigzo tarifebis sruliad moulodnelma gazrdam. giTxraT simarTle, sarkinigzo, departamentisgan amas ar velodi, iqneb kidev erTxel gadaxedos batonma akaki CxeiZem Tavis gadawyvetilebas. rkinigzis bileTebis
zrda umZimes tvirTad daawveba Cvens isedac gaZvaltyavebul
mosaxleobas. iqneb biujetSi gaviTvaliswinoT cotaodeni
Tanxa da saxelmwifom gadaixados bileTis fasis danamati,
Tuki akaki CxaiZes ase uWirs.
meore: prezidentma SevardnaZem afxazeTis saqmeTa rwmunebulad daniSna aslan abaSiZe. biujetSi sxva rwmunebulTa
dafinanseba sruladaa warmodgenili. aslan abaSiZes ki, rogorc rwmunebuls, erTi TeTri ar aqvs gamoyofili. ratom
moxda ase? iqneb fiqroben mavanni, aslans aqvs sakuTari jibis
fuli da im fuliT iaros moskovSi, strasburgSi da niu-iorkSio? SeiZleba ase msjeloba?
mesame: SarSan ivlisSi parlamentma Caatara gasvliTi biuro qobuleTSi. iq me davayene sakiTxi gamogveZebna saxsrebi qobuleTis zRvis sanapiros gasamagreblad. q-nma ninom
ganacxada, biujetis damtkicebis dros gaviTvaliswinoTo,
Semovida biujeti: irkveva, rom qobuleTi, rogorc mosalodneli iyo, daaviwyda. kategoriulad vsvam sakiTxs, gaezardos
qobuleTs dafinanseba. savalalo dReSia qobuleTis istoriuli sanapiro. zRvis Relvas erTi-meoris miyolebiT miaqvs
uZvelesi fiWvis xeebi. zRva Senobebsac dangreviT emuqreba.
mTeli saqarTvelo zafxulobiT qobuleTSi Cadis dasasveneblad. gTxovT, batono ministro, gaiTvaliswinoT biujetSi
sanapiros gamagrebis xarjebi, sanam gvian ar aris. es miT ufro
saWiroa, rom mere moraluri ufleba gveqneba movTxovoT
459
aWaras centralur regionSi Tanxis gadaricxva; amas Tqveni da
b-ni avTandil jorbenaZis gasagonad vambob.
meoTxe: saqarTveloSi 5000-ze meti xelovani, anu SemoqmedebiTi muSakia. arsebobs mweralTa, mxatvarTa, kompozitorTa, Teatris moRvaweTa, kinematografTa, dizainerTa... SemoqmedebiT kavSirebi. vfiqrob, yvela SemoqmedebiTi kavSiri unda
finansdebodes iseve, rogorc mweralTa kavSiri finansdeba.
25 Tebervali, 2003 w.
batonebo,
parlamentis Tavmjdomares, Cans, misdauneburad mxedvelobidan gamorCa, rom 1921 wlis 25 Tebervals saqarTvelos ubeduri dRe gauTenda. XI armiad wodebulma rusis
jarma daipyro saqarTvelo. es aneqsia qveyanas wiTeli ruseTis kirTebis qveS yofnis 70 weli daujda. gTxovT, kojorTan
daRvrili iunkerTa wminda sisxls, saerTod, mamulisaTvis
dacemuli yvela vaJkacis Tavganwirvas pativi mivagoT wuTieri dumiliT.
gmadlobT...
axla, rac Seexeba gansaxilvel kanonproeqts moqalaqeTa
socialuri dacvis Sesaxeb.
komunistebis dros rodi mivstiri, batonebo, magram me
maxsovs dro, roca raikomebi da aRmaskomebi siebs adgendnen
vin muSaobda vin iyo umuSevari.
dRes saxelmwifo samsaxurebi TiTqmis ar arsebobs da vin
dagidevT, riT irCen Tavs.
ra hqnas moqalaqem `TavSi qva ices?~ amitomac igi kanSi
Zvreba gamougonebs Tavs kerZo samuSaos, an bazarSi dgas da
gadamyidvelobs, an kerZo mZRolad, ZiZad an xelze mosamsaxured udgeba mdidar kacs.
moqalaqes gverdiT ar udgas saxelmwifo. misi socialuri
dacva nulis tolia.
sapensio asaks rom miaRwevs, saidan mogitanos man `SromiTi
staJi~ roca TviTonve ar icis, ras akeTebda.
gekiTxebiT batono socialuri dacvis ministro; nuTu
arasodes damTavrdeba es qaosi?
460
ra daaSava Cveulebrivma adamianma, romelsac muSaoba surs
da samuSaos ar vaZlevT, vubiZgebT vainaCroba-maimunobiT arCinos ojaxi da saqme-saqmeze rom midgeba, veubnebiT, ra vqnaT
Zmao, Sen saxelmwifo seqtorSi ar gimuSavia, arc ki viciT
sazogadoebriv-sasargeblo saqmes eweodi Tu ara, amitomac
saxelmwifos daxmarebis imedi nu geqnebao.
rodis moeReba bolo am usamarTlobas?
26 Tebervali, 2003 w.
batonebo,
saxalxo damcvelis angariSSi erTi SemaZrwunebeli cnoba
amovikiTxe: Turme kanonSi `saxalxo damcvelis Sesaxeb~ parlaments Seutania Sesworeba, romlis ZaliTac samarTaldamcavi
organoebi valdebulni ar arian angariSi gauwion, an Tundac
pasuxi gascen saxalxo damcvelis winadadebebs.
maS, ra angariSs, ra saqmianobas moviTxovT nana devdarianisagan? Turme parlaments TviT uqcevia salaybod saxalxo
damcvelis instituti. nana devdarians advokatis uflebebic
aRara aqvs. advokati xom ase Tu ise monawileobs sasamarTlos
saqmianobaSi.
naxeT, ra uflebebi aqvs saxalxo damcvels normalur qveynebSi. Cven xom Camouyalibebeli, lamis tiranuli saxelmwifo varT.
prezidents CvenTan diqtatoris uflebebi aqvs. faqtobrivad
mas emorCileba yvela da yvelaferi. mis nebazea damokidebuli,
daiWeren Tu gauSveben mkvlels. amitomacaa, rom saxalxo damcveli saqarTveloSi dRiTidRe kargavs avtoritets.
Tqven, qalbatono nana, ase rom guli SegtkivaT ieRovlebze, ratom im saCxerel kacze ar SegtkivaT guli, romelic
axlaxan ieRovelis colma najaxiT daCexa, mxolod imitom,
rom mamam marTlmadidebluri wesiT moindoma Tavisi 8 wlis
Svilis dasaflaveba?
ratom ar migaCniaT Tqven adamianis uflebaTa darRvevad
is aRmaSfoTebeli faqti, rom saqarTveloSi 4 welia gauqmebulia erovneba, ver damisaxelebT msoflioSi meore saxelmwifos, sadac moqalaqes sabuTebSi ar eweros Tavisi an avtoqtonuri eris erovneba, ratom erTxel mainc ar dasviT
sakiTxi, Tqven adamianis uflebaTa damcvelo, rom dRes daviT
461
aRmaSeneblis qveyanaSi samarTlebrivad, dokumentalurad,
iuridiulad qarTveli eri ukve aRar arsebobs.
me gaocebuli var Tqveni sruli gaurkvevlobiT erovnuli
rekvizitis sakiTxSi. nuTu aqvs moraluri ufleba erqvas saxalxo damcveli pirovnebas (am SemTxvevaSi Tqven), romelic im
erovnul, fenomens uarhyofs, rasac ilia WavWavaZem Seswira
Tavi?
mainteresebs ras akeTebs Tqveni 44 TanamSromeli xelfasis
aRebis mets? ase energiulad rom gahyviriT, Sesaferisi ofisi
ar gvaqvso, sworia Tqveni pretenzia, magram qarTvel xalxsac
xom aqvs ufleba mogTxovoT misi erovnuli uflebebis WeSmariti dacva?
Tqven gafinansebT umeteswilad gaero da msoflio banki.
am pativiscemis safasurad xom ar gaiZuleben isini uerovnebo, urakosmopolituri saqarTvelos dacvas? ieRovelTa da
crumorwmuneTa qomagobas.
25 aprili, 2003 w.
batonebo,
parlamentSi amas winaT ganixiles kanonproeqti specialuri ekonomikuri zonebis Sesaxeb.
`aRorZinebis~ mier Semotanilma am kanonproeqtma gviCvena,
Cveni saxelisuflebo struqturebis moralur-politikuri
saxe.
sakmarisi iyo prezidents sxvaTa Soris eTqva, rom igi mxars
ar dauWers kanonproeqts `wertilovani~ Tavisufali zonebis
Sesaxeb da saparlamento `Tematur umravlesobas~ dauyovnebliv dahbera am kanonproeqtis uaryofis civma qarma.
e mand prezidentis mier Serisxuli kanonproeqtisadmi
rame kargi ar wamogvcdeso da parlamentarebi ver iqna plenarul sxdomaTa darbazSi ver Semoityues.
gauTavebeli registraciebis Semdeg tabloze lamis
wauSlelad Canda eleqtrowarwera `forumi ar aris~.
bolos, rogorc iqna, Seikriba parlamenti, magram mTavrobis loJa carieli Canda. ara da aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis monawileobis gareSe kanonproeqtis ganxilvas azri
ar hqonda.
462
rogorc iqna, Sexvda `cecxli da wyali~ erTmaneTs. daiwyo
kamaTi da ra kamaTi...
mTavrobis warmomadgenlebi TiTqmis dasabuTebis gareSe,
myari argumentebis moSveliebis gverdis avliT, cdilobdnen
parlamentis wevrTaTvis TvalSi nacris Seyras da TavgamodebiT `amtkicebdnen~ rom `sezi~ daarRvevs saqarTvelos
ZlivsmiRweul, savaWro-ekonomikur myudroebas, rom es kanoni
Seaferxebs teritoriul mTlianobis dawyebul process, rom
igi xels Seuwyobs qaoss da ukanonobas sabazro sistemaSi.
kanonproeqtis avtorebi damajereblad asabuTebdnen, rom
specialuri ekonomikuri zona sruliadac ar aris gamogonili, mxolod aWaris regionisTvis, rom igi mTels saqarTveloSi SeiZleba gavrceldes. rom `sezi~ jer kidev XIX saukuneSi arsebobda baTumis `porto frankos~ saxiT, rom kanoni
did sikeTes moutans qveyanas ubaJo (magram mkacrad aRricxuli) saqonlis Semotanisa da kontrabandis Tavidan acilebis
TvalsazrisiT, magram oponentTa mxridan kanonis momxreebs
yru kedeli xvdeboda.
ministrebsa da maTs mravalricxovan moadgileebs, morCil
umravlesobas gagonebac ki ar surdaT `aRorZinebis~ simarTlis, im dros, roca bolo aTwleulis saqarTveloSi uamravi
usagno eqsperimenti `ganxorcielda~, prezidentis momxreebs
ar surdaT Tundac eqsperimentis saxiT daeSvaT specialuri
ekonomikuri zona saqarTveloSi.
...da kanonproeqti Cavarda.
Cavarda, magram metad mWaxe xma gamosca, am `Cavardnam~
saqarTvelos dangreva cxadyo, Tu rogor cdilobs xelisufleba saqarTvelos gamTlianebasa da ekonomikuri ufskrulidan amoyvanaze.
3 ivlisi, 20034 w.
batonebo,
gasagebia varxtang rCeuliSvilis survili, peterburgis
300 wlisTavis iubileSi qarTveli da rusi xalxis `mravalsaukunovani~ megobrobis namcecebi SeamCnios da samomavlod
imedis Zalian saeWvo, myife sxivebs CagvabRauWos, magram ra
463
vuyoT, Zvirfaso vaxtang, am savalalo sinamdviles lamis Sav
Wirad rom eqces Cvens samSoblos?
aris Tu ara ruseTis mier faqtiurad warTmeuli afxazeTi
da samaCablo, dagvixoca Tu ara ruseTma 30 aTasi moxalise
samSoblos damcveli, eubneba Tu ara rusi dResac uars 300
aTas ltolvils Tavis saxlSi dabrunebaze? moatyua Tu ara
ianvarSi ruseTis prezidentma (es ukve meramdened) rkinigzis amuSavebasTan erTad ltolvilTa narnarad dabrunebaze.
matarebeli ukve dadis, ltolvilTa dabrunebaze ki, Cemo vaxtang, Senma sayvarelma ruseTma sami TiTis kombinacia gviCvena.
peterburgSi batoni vaxtangi ambobs, yvela sazeimo
RonisZieba qarTvelTa siyvarulis niSniT Catardao. afxazeTis xsenebac ar yofila sng-s meTaurTa Sexvedraze, rakiRa
es sazeimo Sexvedra iyoo. rac Seexeba buSs, igi demonstraciulad wamodga, SevardnaZesTan mivida da yurSi uCurCula:
mamaCemma, ufrosma buSma, mokiTxva SemogiTvala da mamaCemis
saxeliT SemogficavT, rom amerika saqarTvelos gansacdelSi
aRarasodes datovebso.
ucnauria, batono vaxtang, Tqven ambobT, prezidentebis
Sexvedraze mowveuli stumrebi da Jurnalistebi ar SegviSveso.
xolo vinc SeuSves ki ara, xelmZRvanelobda samits _ ukrainis
prezidenti kuCma ambobs: saqarTvelos prezidentis winadadebiT rus samSvidoboebs aTi wliT gavugrZeleT mandatio.
es xom afxazeTis samudamo dakargvas niSnavs, batonebo.
vin tyuis, batono vaxtang, ukrainis prezidenti, vinc xeli
moawera am gadawyvetilebas, Tu Sen da saqarTvelos prezidenti?
rodemde gindaT atyuoT qarTveli xalxi?
ra ici, Cemo vaxtang, ra uCurCula buSma yurSi SevardnaZes? ra enaze uCurCula? albaT qarTulad ara, xom? inglisurad, rasakvirvelia. CurCuli xom ar iTargmneba da Sen
rogor mohkari CurCuls yuri? iqneb isic gaigone, pasuxad
SevardnaZem ra uCurCula buSs?
Se kai kaco, es idumali CurCuli gaigone da is ver gaige,
rom Cvenma prezidentma qaRaldis dazogvis mizniT gaauqma
yovel eqvs TveSi rusi mesazRvreebisTvis mandatis gagrZeleba da samudamod datova isini saqarTveloSi?!
ai, sadaa ZaRlis Tavi damarxuli.
batonebo,
yvelas kargad mogexsenebaT, quCis aqciebisken mowodeba
rom cecxlTan TamaSia, saxecvlilma moqkavSirma guSin saqarTvelos mitingiT da `arastabiluri bakqanaliiT~ xelisuflebis Secvlisken mouwoda. Jvanias moyvanili medolemegarmoneebis ZalisxmeviT rom gadadgebodes SevardnaZe, ra
gviWirda.
Tbilisi, saqarTvelo ufro brZeni aRmoCnda, vidre fsevdo opozicia moeloda. rusTavelze SeCerebuli xalxi kiTxulobda: ra sakiTxze xdeba revoluciao da rom gaarkvevdnen,
mTavari moTxovna centraluri saarCevno komisiis gauqmebaao,
xels Caiqnevda da Sin brundeboda.
ase rom, `nacionalebma~ da `demokratebma~ mitingebis
talRa, rogorc uyvarT xolme Tqma, ver aagores da madloba
RmerTs, rom ver aagores. RmerTma nu qnas, rom Cvens gaZarcvul, damSeul saqarTvelos axla samoqalaqo omis talRam
gadauaros.
namdvili, erovnuli opozicia 3 ivniss quCaSi ar gasula.
Cven quCaSi maSin gavalT, roca sabolood davrwmundebiT,
rom SevardnaZem xeli moawera dokuments, romlis ZaliTac
10 wliT, anu rac igivea, samudamod datova rusi okupantebi saqarTveloSi. yovel eqvs TveSi samSvidoboebis mandatze
msjeloba, CvenTvis ruseTze zemoqmedebis erT-erTi berketi
iyo. nuTu axla es susti berketic xelidan gvecleba?
Cven gavalT quCaSi, roca sabolood davrwmundebiT,
rom aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba yvelafers akeTebs, raTa
Zveleburad yelSi wauWiros xeli aWaris ekonomikas. uaryos
`aRorZinebis~ yoveli kanonieri moTxovna, rogorc es Tavisufali ekonomiuri zonis Sesaxeb kanonis ganxilvis dros moxda.
Cven gavalT quCaSi, roca sabolood davrwmundebiT, rom
xelisuflebas ar surs Tavisufali, demokratiuli arCevnebis
Catareba da yovel Rones xmarobs, raTa arCevnebis gayalbebis
berketebi xelidan ar gauSvas.
parlamentis avtoriteti am bolo dros imitom ki ar daeca, megobrebo, xandaxan ori parlamentari rom erTmaneTs
waeyvinCileba, aramed im mizeziT, rom prezidentma parlamen-
464
30. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
4 ivnisi, 2003 w.
465
tis araerTi kanoni Tu dadgenileba ar Seasrula da Cven mier
kvirebis ganmavlobaSi ganuwyveteli kamaTiT miRebul kanons
`naCqarevi~ uwoda.
mivmarTav mTel saqarTvelos! poziciasac da opoziciasac.
nu avyvebiT avad atrokebul, xelmocarul politikos-karieristebs. ar arsebobs problema, romlis niuansebSi SeTanxmeba miuRwevelia. miT umetes, roca sakiTxi arCevnebs Seexeba.
davsxdeT da rogorc gvekadreba dinjad, Wkvianurad gadavwyvitoT yvela mtkivneuli problema.
4 ivnisi, 2003 w.
batonebo,
dasasruls uaxlovdeba eqvswliani epopea saqarTveloSi
wina parlamentis mier danaSaulebrivad gauqmebuli erovnebis
aRsadgenad.
moqalaqeobis damadasturebel sabuTebSi erovneba `qarTveli~ vinc gaaqro, man kargad icoda, rasac akeTebda; es
iyo saboloo laxvris Cacema erovnuli TviTmyofadobisTvis,
erovnuli saxelmwifosTvis...
es iyo masxrad agdeba imisa, rasac ilia WavWavaZem sicocxle Seswira. gamoakeliT Cvens erovnul kulturas sityva `qarTveli~ da dainaxavT, rogor dagvengreva Tavze erovnuli
cnobiereba. rogor dakargavs azrs patriotuli poezia, didgoris omi, cotne dadianis gmiroba, yoveli erovnuli sazogadoeba da instituti.
kanonproeqti, romelic dRes warmogidgineT, Znelad gasagebi sruliadac ar gaxlavT, imisTvis visac gagebis unari
aqvs da `uCemod vin imRereTas~ seniT ar aris Sepyrobili:
pirvelad saregistracio aqtSi _ adamianis dabadebis damadasturebel pirvel dokumentSi yvelas Caewereba Tavisi erovneba (qarTvels _ `qarTveli~, somexs _ `somexi~, azerbaijanels _
`azerbaijaneli~ da a. S.) xolo danarCen samoqalaqo sabuTebSi
(dabadebis mowmoba, piradobis mowmoba, pasporti) Caiwereba
ase `moqalaqeoba (nacionaloba) _ saqarTvelos moqalaqe~. es
modeli saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yvela eris erovnuli TviTmyofadobasac saimedod inaxavs da evropul standartebsac
eTanwyobeba.
466
rac mTavaria frCxilebSi Casmuli saerTaSoriso terminiT
`nacionaloba~ saqarTveloSi avtoqtonuri eris _ qarTveli
eris arseboba dokumentalurad aRdgenili da dadasturebulia.
oriode sityviT rom giTxraT, eqvsi wlis winaT gauqmebuli erovneba, Tqveni SemweobiT rogorc iqna aRvadgineT.
rac Seexeba oponentebs, maT gasagonadac unda vTqva oriode sityva. guram SaraZem da me erTad daviwyeT gauqmebuli
erovnebis aRsadgenad brZola am eqvsiode wlis winaT, erTad
gamovdiodiT mxardamxar mravalaTasian Sekrebebze filarmoniasa Tu sportis sasaxleSi. eWvi ar mepareba batoni guramis keTilSobilur survilSi, aRsdges gauqmebuli erovneba,
magram verafriT amixsnia misi Wirveuloba. maincdamainc SevardnaZis mier eqvsi wlis winaT Semotanili kanonproeqti
ganvixiloTo, brZanebs b-ni gurami. prezidentma am eqvs weliwadSi parlamentSi 296 kanonproeqti Semoitana da iqidan 214
dRemde ar ganxilula. nuTu guram SaraZes hgonia, rom prezidenti Seumcdaria da misi azri uapelacio WeSmaritebad
unda miiRos parlamentma? moZvelda is kanonproeqti. nu
maTqmevinebT am tribunidan yvelafers da saqarTvelos dRevandeli demografiuli mdgomareobisTvis damRupvelia is
kanonproeqti, romelsac guram SaraZe ase energiulad ebRauWeba, esec ar iyos, am oci dRis winaT me piradad vesaubre prezidents erovnuli rekvizitis Temaze da man brZana, Tu romelime sabuTSi SenarCunebuli iqneba saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi
yvela eris erovneba, me aseT kanonproeqts mxars davuWero.
da gana aseTi ar aris winamdebare kanonproeqti?
maS, ra gvaqvs sadavo, batono guram?
rac Seexeba Cveni azerbaijaneli megobrebis gamosvlebs,
maTi sityvebi kanonproeqtis vergagebazea aRmocenebuli.
viRacam Cailaparaka _ ariqa erovnebas gvarTmeveno da
isinic `gamococxldnen~.
movagoneb, CemTvis friad pativsacem azerbaijanel kolegebs, rom azerbaijanis parlamentSi arc erTi qarTveli ar
aris, xolo saqarTvelos parlamentSi 6 azerbaijanelia. azerbaijanSi qarTvelebs pasportSi `azerbaijaneli~ uweriaT, xolo
1961 wlidan ingilo-qarTvelebs qarTuli gvarebi waarTves da
azerbaijanuli gvarebi Cauweres. baqoSi Cveni delegaciis yof-
467
nisas prezidenti alievi dagvpirda, rom am simaxinjes gamoasworebda, magram misi danapirebi sicrue aRmoCnda.
ratom am problemaze ar aRSfoTdnen, azerbaijaneli parlamentarebi?
damSviddiT, Zvirfasebo, parlamentma dRes keTili ineba
da yvela ers erovneba SeunarCuna, neta ase eqceodnen mezobel qveynebSi komunistebis mier gaCuqebul Tavis teritoriaze mcxovreb qarTvelebs.
icodes yvelam, saqarTvelo qarTvelebis mier Seqmnili,
qarTvelTa saxelmwifoa. qarTvels veravin aswavlis tolerantobas da aramkvidri (`stumari~ kinaRam wamomcda) erebis
pativiscemas, magram rasac qarTuli kulturis, qarTuli
eTnosis `primati~ hqvia (rogorc k. gamsaxurdia brZanebda)
Cven agre iolad ar dagveTmoba da Tu erovnuli saxelmwifos
aSenebas vapirebT, erovneba kbilebiT unda SevinarCunoT.
16 ivlisi, 2003 w.
batonebo,
oTxi grZeli weli gavida da samwuxarod erovnebis aRdgenis sakiTxSi isev iq movediT, saidanac daviwyeT.
ar vici TqvenTagan vin moxvdeba momaval parlamentSi, magram yvelas anderZad unda davugdo, vinZlo bolomde miiyvanos Cem mier dawyebuli saqme.
ver SevZeli gamerRvia parlamentis xelmZRvanelobis mier
Cem winaSe aRmarTuli kedeli.
nuTu sindisis qenjna ar awuxebs imaT, vinc yovlis
RonisZiebiT cdilobda saqarTveloSi `qarTvelis~ xseneba
gamqraliyo, pirvelad saregistracio aqtSi mainc Caweriliyo
Cveni erovneba da rebusad ar gveqcia momavali msofliosaTvis rom am saxelmwifos Semqmneli, avtoqtonuri eri Cven varT
_ qarTvelebi.
sanam gvian ar aris, iqneb movuxmoT keTilgonierebas da
Cveni gasakeTebeli saqme samomavlo parlaments ar gadavabaroT.
axla, rac Seexeba afxazeTis Sesaxeb am dadgenilebis proeqts.
468
rusTavelis prospeqtze moSimSile ltolvilebs, Cven mier
axali, gulisamaCuyebeli dadgenilebis miRebaze ufro metad
afxazeTis dabruneba undaT.
Cven varT parlamenti _ umaRlesi sakanonmdeblo organo
da afxazeTis dabrunebas vavalebT uflebebiT Cvenze dabla
mdgom aRmasrulebel xelisuflebas.
es imas niSnavs, rom es dadgenilebac SeusruleblobisTvisaa ganwiruli.
ratom Cven, parlamenti ar mivmarTavT uSualod gaeros,
putins, msoflios Tanamegobrobas, rom dadga dro rusis
jarma datovos saqarTvelo da gaerom aamoqmedos wesdebis VII
muxli mSvidobis ZaliT damyarebas rom iTvaliswinebs.
ratom vCriT xalxs pirSi morig satyuaras am dadgenilebiT?
ratom mkacrad ar movTxovT prezidents, Seasrulos parlamentis gadawyvetileba rusis samSvidobo SenaerTebis upirobod gayvanis Sesaxeb?
5 agvisto, 2003 w.
batonebo,
sasowarkveTilebaSi Camagdo guSindelma telesiuJetma
leiboristTa partiis Senobis win momxdari SemaZrwunebeli
Sexla-Semoxlis Sesaxeb.
Cemi Tavi SemZulda.
ra xdeba, ra winasaarCevno isteriam Segvipyro, batonebo.
ise gametebiT uxaTqunebdnen erTmaneTs Tav-pirSi xeljoxebs oci-ocdaxuTi wlis biWebi, rom, gegonebodaT, samkvdro-sasicocxlo omSi Cabmulano.
ra danaSauli unda Caedina im lurjxalaTian axalgazrdas
iseTi, rom ase sastikad uswordebodnen misive tol-sworni.
ratom vimetebT erTmaneTs qarTvelebi, saidan modis es
agresiuloba?
axla rac Seexeba amerikuli `ai e esis~ rusuli `rao e esiT~
Secvlas:
guSin `itera~ `gazpromma~ Secvala, dRes saqarTvelos
mTeli eleqtrosistema ruseTs CavugdeT xelSi.
ministrTa kabineti xelebs asavsavebs: arc Cven da arc SevardnaZem araferi vicodiTo.
469
kidev erTi Ralati Caidina saqarTvelos xelisuflebam.
ver gamigia, ratom Secvala ase radikalurad ruseTma kursi amerikidan ruseTisaken?
sityviT beikeris `variantis~ erTgulia, saqmiT ki russ
Caabara umTavresi berketebi qveynis energosistemisa.
zogi `politikosi~ amtkicebs, am faqtis politizireba ar
SeiZlebao.
gana politikuri sakiTxi ar aris es sakiTxi, batonebo?
Cven am nabijiT isev ruseTis gavlenis sferoSi aRmovCndiT.
es xom faqtobrivad simwriT miRweuli damoukideblobis gankargvaa.
avdgebi Tu ara me parlamentSi da ganvacxadeb _ gaitanos
rusma Tavisi samxedro bazebi saqarTvelodan-meTqi, rusi im
saRamosve dens gamogviTiSavs da gazis mowodebas Segviwyvets.
esec Seni damoukidebloba da Tavisufleba.
axla damnaSavis Zebnis dro ar aris. dauyovnebliv unda
aviRoT xelSi mavanTa mier xelmowerili es damRupveli
xelSekruleba da dauyovnebliv gavauqmoT rogorc saqarTvelosTvis sruliad gamousadegari da kabaluri.
es pirvel rigSi! xolo meore rigSi unda davadginoT vin
gvyidis ase uRmerTod.
12 agvisto, 2003 w.
batonebo,
am gausaZlis sicxeSi Cven aq imisTvis rodi SevikribeT,
rom yvela Tqvengans Tavisi samreklodan ereka da dRis wesrigSi im sakiTxTa Setana mogveTxova, romelTa ganxilva cxel
sadReiso problemebs ar gadawyvets. saqarTvelos winaSe, batonebo, amJamad sami mTavari problema dgas: pirveli: saarCevno kodeqsis bolomde miReba, meore: sekvestris sakiTxi
da mesame: energosistemis problema.
gavsebulia Cveni kviris samuSao gegma meaTexarisxovani
kanonproeqtebiT. arCevnebamde ki sami Tvec aRar darCa. Tu 2
noembers arCevnebs vatarebT bolos da bolos davsvaT wertili, axla Wirveulobis dro aRar aris da Tu arCevnebi CaiSala, am kinklaobaSi gamarjvebuli aRaravin darCeba.
470
biujetis sekvestrma mTeli saqarTvelo SeaSfoTa. am
diliT prezidentma ganacxada Cven parlamentSi gavgzavneT
sekvestris kanonproeqti da ukan aRar davibrunebTo. ver
gavige, ras niSnavs es gancxadeba. Tu parlamenti mxars ar
dauWers sekvestrs, diaxac unda daibrunos aRmasrulebelma
xelisuflebam kanonproeqti. iqneb fiqroben, rom maTi sityva
CvenTvis kanonia da usityvod davemorCilebiT SemoTavazebul kanonproeqts?! Tu sekvestri Cavarda, prezidenti valdebulia eris gverdiT dadges da sekvestrs erTxel kidev
gadaxedos.
rac Seexeba energokriziss, anu `aieesis~ `raoeesiT~ Canacvlebas, vnebebi am sakiTxze jer kidev ar Camcxrala. prezidentis gancxadeba _ saqarTvelos xelisuflebas kursi ar Seucvliao, veraferi nugeSia. nuTu ruseTis mier energosistemis
xelSi Cagdeba politikisgan sruliad Tavisufali ram aris?
ar daijeroT batonebo, Tu kanonproeqtSi ar Caido damcavi
meqanizmebi imis Sesaxeb, rom ruseTis mier kanonis romelime
muxlis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi qarTul mxares ufleba aqvs
gaauqmos xelSekruleba, icodeT, rusi kvlav gaagrZelebs
dampyroblur politikas.
13 agvisto, 2003 w.
batonebo,
did pativs vcem zaqro qucnaSvils da eWvi ar mepareba mis
maRal iuridiul kvalifikaciaSi, magram ver daveTanxmebi mis
gancxadebas: Tu parlamentarobis kandidatma axalgazrdobaSi
erTi-orjer Sescoda da narkologiur dispanserSi aRricxvaze moxvda, es jer kidev ar niSnavs, rom igi narkomania da
amis gamo deputatobis kandidatTa siidan ar unda amoviRoTo.
me kargad mesmis, rom narkotiki SeiZleba garkveuli vadiT
eqimmac daginiSnos avadmyofobis gamo _ tkivilebis dasayuCeblad an naoperacievs, magram Tu Sen mkurnalobdi, rogorc
narkomani da aRricxvaze imyofebodi narkologiur dispanserSi, es kiTxvis niSnis qveS ayenebs Seni janmrTelobis mdgomareobas, rakiRa gamosworebuli narkomani Cven Zalian cota
viciT, amitomac, me vfiqrob, aseTi narkobiografiis mqone
pirovnebas uari unda eTqvas parlamentis wevrobaze.
471
saarCevno kanonSi SaviT TeTrze sweria _ deputatobis
nebismierma kandidatma cnoba unda moitanos narkologiuri
dispanseridan rom is narkomani ar ariso. me vfiqrob, ar aris
es swori gza WeSmaritebis dasadgenad. romeli deputatobis
kandidati mogitanT cnobas narkomani varo, maSinac ki, Tu igi
gaqanebuli narkomania. ra Tqma unda, ecdeba, qrTamis gaRebiT
Tavisi narkowarsuli dafaros da yalbi sabuTi warmoadginos.
esec ar iyos, patiosan kandidats amiT saqmes gavurTulebT;
saarCevno kampaniis Catarebis nacvlad vaiZulebT, saavadmyofo-klinikebSi irbinos cnobis saSovnelad.
xom ar ajobebs, saarCevno komisiam _ `csk-os~ rom veZaxiT
TviTon moipovos saidumlo arxebiT aseTi cnobebi deputatobis
TiToeul kandidatze, xolo parlamentSi ki weliwadSi erTxel,
rogorc wesi, moxdes parlamentaris narkologiuri Semowmeba.
Cven ver vaxerxebT parlamentSi ar moxvdes, xalxis qonebis
mimTvisebeli, aSkara yaCaRi biznesmeni, grantebis moparviT
cnobili `milioneri~, mamaTmavali, politikasTan mwyralad
myofi eleqtoratis momsyidveli da narkomans mainc gadavuRoboT gza.
15 agvisto, 2003 w.
batonebo,
axla ukve dagvianebulia saarCevno kanonze saubari. kargad vici, rom Cemi gamosvla Cxubis mere xelebis qnevas hgavs,
magram mainc unda vTqva, Torem saTqmelis Cabrunebisgan, SeiZleba, guli gamiskdes, unda vTqva saqarTvelos gasagonad,
Torem parlamentis wevrebs rom Cemi ar gesmiT, Rrmad davrwmundi erTxel kidev _ kenWisyriT, rom daadastureT Tqveni
`sibrZne~.
gaixseneT: samad-sami rCeva mogeciT, roca saarCevno kodeqsis ganxilva daviwyeT:
pirveli: xazgasmiT da Tqven rom giyvarT gamoTqma _ calsaxad unda eweros-meTqi saarCevno kanonSi, rom vinc qarTuli
ena _ ese igi saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ena ar icis, ar unda
hqondes ufleba gaxdes saqarTvelos parlamentis wevri. uari
eTqvas registraciaze rogorc deputatobis kandidats.
472
meore: `markireba~ erTnairad Seexos-meTqi yvela amomrCevels sulerTia sofelSi cxovrobs igi Tu qalaqSi. mis regionSi
erTi saarCevno olqia, Tu ramdenime. sxvadasxva mdgomareobaSi
nu CavayenebT-meTqi amomrCevels. kanons kanoni imitom hqvia,
rom yvelaze erTnairad unda vrceldebodes-meTqi.
mesame: rogorme SevelioT-meTqi Zvel `centralur saarCevno komisias~. raki jumber lominaZe Tavisi surviliT gadadga, iqneb mTlianad gadavayenoT `csko~ da axlidan davakompleqtoT-meTqi.
Cems gamosvlas dumiliT daeTanxmeT. yovel SemTxvevaSi kamaTi da azrTa gacvla-gamocvla ar gamarTula.
ai, Catarda kenWisyra da, Cemda gasaocrad, gairkva, rom
aucilebeli ar aris parlamentis wevrma icodes qarTuli ena,
`markireba~ SerCeviT unda Cautardes `sando~ da `arasando~
saarCevno ubnebs da am axal arCevnebSic nacnobma saxeebma,
daostatebulma gamyalbeblebma unda atyuos amomrCeveli.
ra gvWirs, ra dagvemarTa batonebo? oriode kvira dagvrCa
am parlamentSi, nuTu aRar dadga dro gakotrebuli xelisuflebis ki ara saqarTvelos mxares davdgeT?!
20 agvisto, 2003 w.
batonebo,
gasagebia aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis Zalisxmeva, rogorme ixsnas biujeti, anu rogorme Tavi gadairCinos _ ese
igi skami SeinarCunos.
axla mogvmarTes Cven, raTa Secvlili sagadasaxado kodeqsis miRebiT da biujetis sekvestrze kveris dakvriT,
monawileni gagvxadon im danaSaulebrivi saqcielisa, rasac
saqarTvelos xelisufleba sCadis.
aba, miTxariT romelime WkuaTamyofelma rogor unda davuWiro mxari me, revaz miSvelaZem, iseT sagadasaxado kanonproeqts, romelic milionerebs, monopolistur firmebs gverds
uvlis da wvril mewarmes uWers xels im isedac mileul-misustebul kiserSi, romelic bazars, sadac dRiuri lukmis saSovnelad ltolvili Sefarebula, gadasaxads uzrdis ise, rom ar
kiTxulobs; gana ra unda moigos yvelisa da pitnis ubadruk-
473
ma gamyidvelma, rom am uamrav Camomvlel aramkiTxe `mebazre~ revizor-kontrolior-policielsac misces da biujetis
uzarmazari mucelic amoavsos? am kanonproeqtis ZaliT Zmrad
unda amogvadinon teqnikis is saocreba, rasac mobiluri telefoni hqvia. Zlivs ixdis saSualo inteligenti mobiluri telefonis isedac gaberil gadasaxads da gaormagebis SemTxvevaSi
xom saerTod uars ityvis XXI saukunis moqalaqis im atributze,
rasac mobiluri telefoniT sargebloba hqvia.
gadaxedeT, batonebo, ukanaskneli aTwleulis saqarTvelos. papuasebi ukeT cxovroben dRes, vidre qarTvelebi.
sanamde miiyvaneT qveyana. soflebia saqarTveloSi, wlidan
wlamde rom eleqtronaTura ar anTebula, wigni da gazeTi ar
CautaniaT, televizori ar amuSavebula. ra hqnas am xalxma,
daubrundnen gamoqvabulebs?
oTxi welia yoveli biujetis damtkicebaze vambob: rogor
SeiZleba mrewveloba, soflis meurneoba gavyinoT da martooden upovari xalxisgan ZaliT aRletili gadasaxadebiT
da sabaJo SemosavlebiT SevavsoT-meTqi biujeti.
erTi nabiji win ar gadagvidgams am aT weliwadSi.
ara _ ekonomika, ara _ agromeurneoba, ara _kultura, ara
_ turizmi, ara _ xvalis imedi...
daiqca qveyana, batonebo!
21 agvisto, 2003 w.
batonebo,
batono gigi, sami welia me SenTvis SeniSvna ar momicia da
axla pirdapir unda giTxra, rom ver mogiwoneb dRevandeli
sxdomis wayvanis xelovnebas.
rogorc iqna Seikriba forumi da Sen reglamentis aSkara
darRveviT aZlev sityvas deputatebs, rom biujetis sekvestris ganxilvis nacvlad, visminoT aq TiTosaaTiani leqciebi
imis Sesaxeb, swori iyo Tu ara am eqvsi wlis winaT saqarTveloSi sikvdiliT dasjis gauqmeba.
prezidentma Tqvao da gamwkrivdnen mikrofonebTan prezidentis momxreebi da prezidentis mowinaaRmdegeni.
Tu prezidenti, parlamentSi Semoitans Sesabamis kanon-
474
proeqts, mere vimsjeloT, batonebo. winaswar gulis mooxeba
ra saWiroa.
guSin aq friad saqmiani SeniSvnebi misces finansTa ministrs gogiaSvils. isic pasuxobda, rogorc SeeZlo, magram es
iyo mxolod saubari, saqme?
saqme is iqneba, Tu adgeba axla finansTa ministri, an misi
moadgile da mogvaxsenebs, ra miiRo man parlamentarTa winadadebaTagan da ra gaaswora warmodgenil kanonproeqtSi.
Tu yurad ar iRo es SeniSvnebi, miT uaresi misTvis. ministris gajiuteba maSinve aisaxeba kenWisyris SedegebSi da
sekvestri Cavardeba.
ver uSvelis am ambavs verc zogi spikeris SeSfoTebuldemagogiuri gancxadeba _ ariqa, savaluto fondi yelSi xels
gviWerso da verc satelefono zarebi _ gaixsene Cveni Zveli
Zmakacoba da dauWire sekvestrs mxario.
vekiTxebi mTavrobis loJaSi msxdom ministrTa kabinets da
saxelmwifo ministrs:
rogor moxda, rom aWaris dazaralebuli raionebisTvis,
qobuleTis dangreuli sanapirosaTvis erTi kapikic araa gaTvaliswinebuli saqarTvelos biujetSi?
rao, aWara aRaraa saqarTvelos organuli nawili?
ram mogafiqrebinaT iseTi uRmerToba da usamarTloba,
rom Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitets, deda-universitets
sayofacxovrebo momsaxurebis 194 aTasi lari unda CamoaWraT.
iciT es ras niSnavs? universitetis Svidi korpusi darCeba
wels usinaTlod, uwylod da gaTbobis gareSe.
siciviT gayinvis saSiSroebis winaSe dadgeba 18 aTasi studenti Tqveni najaxuri safinanso politikis gamo.
dafiqrdiT amaze, batono finansTa ministro!
9 seqtemberi, 2003 w.
batonebo,
bolo sesiaze SevikribeT. rogorc iqna mTavrdeba am parlamentis uflebamosilebis vada da rac Cven ver SevZeliT,
albaT, axali parlamenti miiyvans bolomde.
475
ras vupatakebT, batonebo, Cvens qveyanas, Cvens amomrCevels am oTxwliani muSaobis Sedegebis Sesaxeb?
samwuxarod, bevrs verafers.
verc erTi saqme saqarTvelos xelisuflebam bolomde ver
miiyvana, ver daatyo sasikeTo xeli qveyanas.
konkretulad gnebavT?
pirveli: dedamiwaze arsebul verc erT saarsebo kalaTaSi
ver jdeba saqarTveloSi arsebuli saSualo xelfasi.
mikvirs, kidev rogor dgas fexze Cveni damSeuli moqalaqe.
meore _ aTi welia warTmeuli anabrebidan erTi kapikic
ver davubruneT moqalaqes.
rogor fiqrobT, kidev ramden weliwads icocxlebs moxuci kaci, romelsac Savi dRisTvis oriode kapiki hqonda mibarebuli saxelmwifosTvis da usindisod wavarTviT. mogebas
vin Civis, Tavisi fulis dabrunebazec ki sami TiTis kombinacia vuCveneT.
sxva problemebze aq sityvas ar gavagrZeleb:
ra SeeZlo parlaments gaekeTebina da ra gaakeTa, an ra ar
gaakeTa?
gavida oTxi weli da kvlav uerovnebo qveyanaa saqarTvelo.
ra kompromisze ar wavediT erovnuli Zalebi, magram sabolood mainc gaimarjves imaT, visac saqarTveloSi `erovneba
qarTvelis~ gagonebac ki ar surs.
saqarTveloSi qarTuli ena kvlav ar aris saxelmwifo ena.
parlamentma ver miiRo kanoni saxelmwifo enis Sesaxeb, ratom? Cvens megobrebs, azerbaijanlebs da somxebs ewyinebaT;
qarTuli saxelmwifo enad rom gamovacxadoT, saWiro gaxdeba
saxelmwifo samsaxurSi myofT movTxovoT am enis codnao.
dRemde ver miviReT kanoni religiis Sesaxeb. amitom yelyelaoben ieRovelebi CvenSi.
erTi sityviT, am da sxva mraval sakiTxze parlamentis muSaobis gamocdilebidan gamomdinare, msurs plenarul sxdomaze sityviT gamosvla da gTxovT SemitanoT dRis wesrigSi.
476
asarCevi
ramdenjer unda Sercxve............................................................ 5
am wuTsac veli ruseTis Setevas saqarTveloze.................. 14
salami axal grigalebs............................................................ 18
imedis Suqi................................................................................ 21
erTi wliTac mivuaxlovdiT................................................... 24
axla saqmea mTavari.................................................................. 28
didi imedis naperwkali........................................................... 30
esaa qveynis patronoba da samarTali?!................................. 33
dro dadga................................................................................. 36
vin amRvrevs wyals?.................................................................. 37
yurs nu vaTxovebT demagogs.................................................. 40
Tavs nu movityuebT................................................................. 44
ra gadaarCens saqarTvelos?................................................... 47
ra gvWirs, ra gviSvelis?......................................................... 54
egre ar ari, Tayao................................................................... 65
fxizlad! istoriis veSapi modis............................................ 68
diaRac, swrafi reagireba........................................................ 70
imedis naperwkali Rvivis......................................................... 72
mZime jvari erTad vzidoT...................................................... 75
`parlamentis saqmianobas imediT vuyureb~........................... 81
mjera.......................................................................................... 87
natvris asrulebas gisurvebT................................................ 96
axla mTavaria............................................................................ 98
movlenaTa cxel kvalze........................................................... 99
nu gaixareben Cveni mtrebi.................................................... 108
keTili Suamavali gvWirdeba................................................. 111
mTavaria erovnuli fenomenis gaZliereba........................... 116
`me optimisti var~.................................................................. 119
nuTu yvelaze gulCvilni Cven unda aRmovCndeT?.............. 123
damoukideblobis uremi Sin mitanili nuravis hgonia....... 127
male davcxrebiT..................................................................... 133
`sul raRac 90-100 wlis Semdeg~.......................................... 145
sami seqtembris xelSekruleba.............................................. 151
477
ras hqvia `momatyues~?........................................................... 153
`me am qveynis oromtrialSi wili midevs~............................ 155
ufro didi omebic mogvigia.................................................. 159
yvelafers nu maTqmevinebT................................................... 165
avtexoT sagangaSo zarebis rekva......................................... 167
omi mamulis dasacavad........................................................... 170
vai, ra mwared vtyuvdebiT!................................................... 173
erTmaneTisaken morcxvad gavapareT Tvali........................ 176
rusis axal apeurs nu SevibamT kiserze!............................. 179
`SevardnaZe... damsaxurebul pensiaze~................................. 183
`Cemi kredo ar Secvlila~..................................................... 189
qarTuli sulis galamazeba................................................... 197
`orive mxares Cemi sisxli da xorcia!~................................ 201
RvTis gulisaTvis SeCerdiT!................................................ 210
`dakargeT 5 wuTi CemTvis~.................................................... 213
imedis naperwkali rom ar bJutavdes................................... 221
Tu xelisufleba moindomebs................................................ 230
sityva warmoTqmuli yovelTa qarTvelTa msoflio
forumze 1994 wlis 10 oqtombers........................................ 233
sityva warmoTqmuli saburTalos ZmaTa sasaflaoze
yovelTa qarTvelTa msoflio kongresis monawileTa
mitingze 1994 wlis 12 oqtombers........................................ 236
Ria werili ruseTis prezidents vladimer putins............ 238
jer monasteri ar areula..................................................... 242
`vinc ar aris kaxaberi...~....................................................... 248
gilocavT................................................................................ 251
midiT, dascineT, gadauareT................................................. 252
prezidenti _ axali, problemebi _ Zveli............................ 254
mets raRas gvizams!................................................................ 257
mwerloba TvalSi ar gepataraos!......................................... 259
Jvanias gankargulebiT........................................................... 262
ar SedrkeT biWebo!................................................................ 265
Ria werili kulturis ministrs goka gabaSvils................. 268
saSineleba................................................................................ 274
Tqveni dReebi daTvlilia..................................................... 276
sityva msoflios mweralTa rumineTis kolokviumze
`marto globalur sofelSi~................................................. 282
478
vin ebrZvis saqarTveloSi erovnul cnobierebas............... 283
sami Tavsatexi......................................................................... 289
RmerTs SexedeT, RmerTs!...................................................... 294
revolucia qonebis gadanawilebaa........................................ 298
buSis vizitis dRiuri............................................................ 303
universitetSi erovnuli ubedureba trialebs.................. 305
universitetis nangrevebze.................................................... 312
kvlav erovnul barikadebze.................................................. 316
msoflios istoriis yvelaze tragikuli epizodi.............. 319
ra gvWirs?............................................................................... 323
ra xdeba?................................................................................. 327
vin vis Carecxavs!................................................................... 330
isev davmarcxdiT!.................................................................. 339
20 rCeva prezidents............................................................... 343
oTxi saparlamento weli....................................................... 376
479
Реваз Мишвеладзе
Избранные произведения
в 25 томах
Том XVIII
Издательство „Сакартвелос Мацне“
Тбилиси 2013
480
31. r. miSvelaZe. t. XVIII
481