Gauging = Discharge measurement

Observatorio de Investigación
del Medio ambiente
ORE HYBAM
Controles geodinámicos, hidrológicos y biogeoquímicos de la erosión/alteración
y de las transferencias de materia en las cuenca de los ríos Amazonas, Orinoco y Congo.
Impacto de las variaciones hidroclimáticas y de las actividades antrópicas
Jean Loup GUYOT, Francis SONDAG y muchos mas…
UMR GET Toulouse, Brasília, Manaus, Lima
UMR LEGOS Toulouse
UMR HSM Montpellier, Fort de France
UMR ESPACE DEV Montpellier, Brasília
US IMAGO La Paz, Cayenne
IRD Cayenne
DEAL Cayenne
ANA Brasília
CPRM Rio de Janeiro, Manaus
UnB Brasília
UFAM Manaus
UEA Manaus
UFF Niterói
UFRJ Rio de Janeiro
UFRGS Porto Alegre
SENAMHI La Paz
UMSA La Paz
SENAMHI Lima
UNALM Lima
INAMHI Quito
UNC Palmira
IDEAM Bogota, Leticia
UCV Caracas
UNEG Puerto Ordaz
UMNg Brazzaville
SCEVN Brazzaville
CICOS Kinshasa
17 ORE HYBAM stations : Amazon basin, Congo and Orinoco
Same measuring and sampling procedures
The Amazon basin: the largest of the world
7 countries
Andes
Foreland basins
Fitzcarrald arch
Brazilian shield
Guyanese shield
Amazon floodplain
38 HYBAM Reference stations Water level 2003‐2010 : > 111 000 daily data
Missing and invalid data (data logger and observer problems)
Î HYDRACCESS (Vauchel)
ANA, CPRM, SENAMHI, SENAMHI, INAMHI, IDEAM
Water level from space
57 ENVISAT virtual gauging stations
44 JASON 2 virtual gauging stations
Î VALS (Cochonneau)
Dos Santos J., 2010, Remote Sensing of Environment, 114(10)
Getirana et al., 2010, Hydrological Processes, 24(2)
Cochonneau et al., … Dos Santos et al., … Puerta et al., …
Gauging = Discharge measurement
Gauging very large and depth rivers …
OBI
BOR
SRE
NAZ
MAN
Gauging = Discharge measurement
Gauging very large rivers with high water velocity during flood periods
‐> solution = ADCP gauging on the whole HYBAM network
GET‐IRD, ANA,CPRM, SENAMHI, SENAMHI, INAMHI, IDEAM, UNC, UCV, SCEVN
2003 ‐ 2010
237 field trips
734 gaugings
3716 ADCP transects
Sediment sampling HYBAM strategy
‐> 10 day surface sampling in the middle of the river
‐> 2 to 4 times per year
complete section sampling
Sediment sampling HYBAM strategy
‐> 2 to 4 times per year
complete section sampling
Î HYDROMESAD (Vauchel)
TAM
2003 ‐ 2010
9575 TSS surface samples
6555 TSS Section samples
Sampling from space !
Sampling strategy for suspended sediment in large Amazonian rivers
‐> use of MODIS data to estimate Surface Suspended Sediment
Î GETMODIS (Cochonneau)
Martinez et al. , 2009, Catena, 79(3)
Espinoza R. et al., …
Sampling for geochemistry
* monthly sampling
* Surface sampling in the middle of the river
* Filtration in situ by observers
•With pre‐established protocol Î (Sondag)
Geochemical analysis
•UnB Brasilia laboratory : • Ca, Mg ( ICP‐AES) • F, Cl, NO3, PO4, SO4 (ionic chromatography) • Na, K (AAS) • pH, conductivity(titrimetry)
• HCO3
* GET Toulouse laboratory: • COD (HTCO) • 32 trace elements(ICP‐MS).
Intercalibration Î (Sondag & Lagane)
2003 ‐ 2010
1309 samples for geochemistry
> 63 000 analytical determinations
Moquet et al. , 2011, Chemical Geology, 287(1‐2)
Sessions 8 and 9
www.ore‐hybam.org
Î (Cochonneau)
2003 ‐ 2010
Origine des visites du site de l’ORE HYBAM en 2010 (www.ore‐hybam.org)
2731 séries de données téléchargées
2003 ‐ 2010
• 69 research projects
• 198 students (51 PhD, 101 Masters)
•158 journal publications • 55 book chapters
• >600 communications and posters
• 284 technical reports www.ore-hybam.org
Thank You
Merci
Gracias
Obrigado